JP3389222B2 - Excavator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavating work machine capable of easily turning in a narrow space.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 11, a control section (Q)
Attach the boom bracket (108) to approximately the center of the swingable machine frame body (104), and connect the main boom (109) to the bracket (108) so that it can move up and down.
An excavation work unit (b) in which an offset boom mechanism (121) that offsets the position of the excavation bucket (111) to the left and right is provided at the tip of the and the bucket arm (110) is connected to the offset boom mechanism (121) With the above construction, there is an excavating work machine (B) in which the bucket arm (110) can be offset to perform ditch digging outside the machine body (101) and which can be easily turned even in a narrow place.

The driver's seat (106) of the excavator (B) is
The front part (104a) of the machine frame body (104) provided on the left side of the boom bracket (108) and equipped with the driver's seat (106) is
The front side is formed parallel to the driver's seat (106) in plan view.

In FIG. 11, reference numeral 102 denotes a crawler type traveling device, and 12
5 is a lever stand, 126 is an operating lever, and 128 is a traveling lever.

[0005]

However, the excavating work machine (B) capable of small turning described above still has the following problems to be solved.

That is, in the excavation work machine (B) described above, the boom bracket (108) to which the base end of the excavation work section (b) is attached is abbreviated to the machine frame main body (104) in order to enable small turning. It is installed in the center.

Therefore, the layout of each device in the machine frame main body (104) is largely restricted.

For example, looking at the driver's seat (106), the driver's seat (106) has a small living space, and the driver was forced to maneuver in such a small space while feeling cramped.

This increases the fatigue caused by the work,
The work efficiency was also reduced.

Further, when excavating a gutter or the like along an obstacle in a place where the obstacle is present on the side, the main boom
(109) It is possible to work easily if it can swing itself, but it was also impossible to attach a swing mechanism for swinging the main boom (109).

An object of the present invention is to provide an excavating work machine that can solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0012]

According to the present invention, a machine frame main body is rotatably attached to a traveling device having a pair of right and left crawler type traveling sections, and a control section is attached to the machine frame main body. In an excavating work machine provided with a vertically movable excavating work unit having a bucket for excavation attached to the tip thereof, the machine frame main body forms a front end portion on either one of the left and right sides, and at the same time, The rear end is slanted backward from the inner end to form a retreat, and the boom bracket mounting fulcrum for mounting the excavation work section is provided so as to project from the retreat, and the control section has a lever stand and a driver's seat. Are spaced from each other in the front-rear direction to form a communication passage open between the lever stand and the driver's seat in the left-right direction, and the above-mentioned backward movement is crossed with one side of the communication passage in plan view. We propose an excavation work machine characterized by arranging parts It is intended to.

Further, according to the present invention, the retreat portion is disposed immediately above the front end portion so as to face the position just above the traveling portion on one side with the control portion directed in the straight traveling direction of the machine body. Also has features.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an excavating work machine A according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the excavating work machine A.
At the center of a crawler type traveling device 2 having a pair of right and left crawler type traveling portions 2a, a machine frame body 4 is rotatably mounted via a slewing bearing 3 and excavation work is performed on the front side of the machine frame body 4. The part a is attached.

Then, the excavation work section a forms a retreat section 4a which retreats obliquely rearward to one of the left and right sides (right side in the present embodiment) from the center of the lateral width of the machine frame main body 4, and the same retreat. Department
The boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 is provided so as to protrude from 4a, and the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 is mounted on the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 via the boom bracket 8 so as to be vertically rotatable and swingable to the left and right, while swinging to the left of the machine frame body 4. The base end portion 15a of the cylinder 15 is attached, and the tip end portion 15b of the swing cylinder 15 is attached to the boom bracket 8.

In this way, compared with the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 mounted at the center of the front end of the machine frame body 4, the long swing cylinder 15 can be used, and the long swing cylinder can be used. The cylinder 15 can set a large swing range (horizontal swing range) of the excavation work section a. As a result, excavation work efficiency can be improved.

Moreover, the control section e is arranged on the machine frame body 4 on the side opposite to the side where the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 is arranged, that is, on the left side.

In this way, the control section e can be widened loosely, and the driver's living space can be sufficiently wide. As a result, the driver can freely drive, fatigue can be reduced, and safety can be improved.

Moreover, since the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 serving as the mounting base of the excavation work part a can be brought as close as possible to the turning center, the base part of the excavation work part a is close to the turning center, and the conventional small turning type excavation is performed. As with the working machine B (see FIG. 11), a small turn is possible, and the turning radius of the excavation work part a when the excavation work part a is turned upward and brought into the stored state and turned is reduced. As a result, excavation work efficiency in narrow spaces can be improved.

At this time, since the control section e is arranged on the machine frame body 4 on the side opposite to the side on which the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 is arranged, the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 is arranged.
Even when the excavation work part a attached to the vehicle is moved up and down, there is no fear of the driver operating the control part e, and the driver does not feel the same on the left side of the excavation work part a. The operation of the excavation work unit a can be easily visually recognized, and the work efficiency and safety can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, since the swing cylinder 15 and the like can be attached and the main boom 9 can be freely rotated around the fulcrum pin 7a, a swing mechanism or the like can be adopted, which is convenient for use. Can be improved.

Further, the excavation work unit a mounts the main boom 9 on the bracket 8 so as to be able to move up and down, and mounts the bucket arm 10 and the excavation bucket 11 on the tip end of the main boom 9 via the offset boom mechanism 21. The bucket arm 10 is connected so that it can be lifted and lowered, and the bucket arm 10 can be offset from the main boom 9. Reference numeral 7a is a fulcrum pin for mounting the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 and the boom bracket 8.

The outer line formed along the outer wall 11a on the right side of the excavation bucket 11 attached to the tip of the excavation work portion a is the traveling line of the traveling device 2 with the control section e facing forward. It is possible to adopt a work form that substantially coincides with an imaginary line L that extends forward from the outer end.

In this way, for example, when performing a gutter digging operation, the traveling device 2 is arranged at the gutter digging position so that the outer line of the excavation bucket 11 can be easily set to the gutter digging position. Therefore, it is possible to perform the gutter digging work quickly and surely.

At this time, even if there is an obstacle such as a wall at the gutter digging position, the traveling device 2 is arranged as close to the obstacle as possible so that the excavation bucket is near the obstacle. The 11 can be easily set, and the excavation bucket 11 can surely excavate the vicinity of the obstacle to efficiently perform the gutter digging work.

Moreover, since the control section e is directed forward, a driver who operates and operates the control section e can easily visually recognize the situation of the gutter digging work in a comfortable posture. In addition, work efficiency and safety can be improved.

The offset boom mechanism 21 includes an offset boom 30 connected to the main boom 9, an offset arm 31 connected to the offset boom 30, and an offset boom interposed between the main boom 9 and the offset boom 30. It comprises a hydraulic cylinder 32 and an offset rod 18 connecting the offset arm 31 and the main boom 9.

As the actuator for operating the excavation work section a, a main boom cylinder 12, a bucket arm cylinder 13, a bucket cylinder 14, or
It consists of a swing cylinder 15 etc. that is installed as necessary,
Each is connected to a control valve (not shown) arranged below the cabin 5 via hydraulic piping.

The control valve is connected to operation levers 26, 26 arranged in a control section e, which will be described later, and when the driver operates the operation levers 26, 26, the control valve is opened and closed as appropriate. The excavation work part a can be operated arbitrarily by operating the actuator.

In this embodiment, the excavation work section a is provided with the offset boom mechanism 21, but the mechanism is not always the same.
It does not have to include 21.

Further, as described above, the control section e is provided at the substantially central left position of the machine frame main body 4, and the driver's seat 6 is disposed in the control section e, and the lever is provided in front of the driver's seat 6. Stands 25, 25 are erected on the left and right, and operation levers 26, 26 are arranged on the lever stands 25, 25. 28, 28 are traveling levers provided between the lever stands 25, 25.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 5 is a canopy for covering the control section e, 23 is a fuel tank arranged at the rear of the driver's seat 6, 24 is a hydraulic oil tank, and 51 is a soil discharging work and a stabilizer function. A blade, 52 is an operating cylinder for moving up and down the blade 51, 53 is a crawler frame, 54 is a crawler guide, and 55 is a crawler.

The basic construction of the entire excavating work machine A in this embodiment is as described above, and the machine frame body 4 will be described in more detail below.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the machine frame main body 4 is formed such that the left and right width is equal to or narrower than the left and right width of the traveling device 2, and the outermost side thereof is within a predetermined radius from the turning center C. And a peripheral side portion 4c formed in an arc shape with a predetermined radius from the turning center C, and a front end portion 4b formed in the left half portion of the machine frame body 4 in front of the driver's seat 6. , A retreat portion 4a formed by obliquely retreating from the right end portion of the front end portion 4b to the rear right side of the machine frame body 4, and the retreat portion 4a.
A fulcrum 7 for mounting the boom bracket is projected at the approximate center of
A boom bracket 8 is attached to the mounting fulcrum 7.

The rear portion of the machine frame body 4 is formed in an arc shape, and the rear area of the machine frame body 4 is maximized while obtaining the minimum turning radius when the machine frame body 4 is turned.

Further, the retreat portion 4a is retreated from the right end portion of the front end portion 4b rearward to the right side and is connected to the peripheral side portion 4c to form a sufficient space on the right side of the driver's seat 6. is doing.

In this way, by forming the lateral width of the machine frame main body 4 to be equal to or narrower than the lateral width of the traveling device 2, if the traveling device 2 has a sufficient width even in a narrow space, It allows the aircraft to enter.

Moreover, a retreat portion 4a that retreats obliquely rearward is formed on the right front portion of the machine frame body 4, and a boom bracket mounting fulcrum is provided so as to project from the retreat portion 4a, and the boom bracket mounting fulcrum is excavated. Since the working unit is attached, excavation work such as ditch digging can be easily and reliably performed by the excavation working unit even in a narrow space.

Further, the retreat portion 4a is arranged so as to face the position directly above the right traveling portion 2a with the steering portion e directed in the straight traveling direction of the machine body.

In this way, when the passenger gets on and off, the traveling portion can be used as a stepping stone to easily get on and off the machine frame main body from the retreat portion.

A boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 is arranged within a radius from the turning center C of the machine frame body 4 to the outermost side of the machine frame body 4.

In this way, when the machine frame body 4 is swung, it is possible to prevent an unexpected accident in which the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 collides with another object, and the driver can rest assured. The turning operation of 4 can be performed, and from this point as well, fatigue can be reduced and, in turn, safety can be improved.

Here, the engine 22 is disposed on the right side of the turning center C of the machine frame body 4 so as to be inclined rearward with respect to the traveling direction.

In this way, the engine 22 is installed in the machine frame main body 4
By arranging along the outer edge of the machine frame main body 4, it is possible to secure a wide space for disposing the control section e and the like, and it is necessary to provide the control section e and the like while reducing the size of the machine frame body 4. Anything can be arranged on the machine frame body 4 without difficulty.

Therefore, also from this point, the driver can freely control, fatigue can be reduced, and safety can be improved.

The engine 22 is arranged along the inside of the retreat portion 4a.

In this way, by disposing the engine 22 along the inner side of the retreat portion 4a, it is possible to secure a wider space for disposing the control portion e on the machine frame body 4, Necessary things such as the control section e can be arranged on the machine frame body 4 without difficulty while the size of the machine frame body is reduced.

Therefore, also from this point, the driver can freely drive, fatigue can be reduced, and safety can be improved.

A wide space can be secured to the right of the driver's seat 6 behind the retreat part 4a, and the engine 22 is arranged in this space.
The overall shape of the excavator A can be mounted on the large engine 22 while keeping its compact shape, and the capability of the excavator A can be improved.

A driver's seat 6 is arranged on the left side of the turning center C of the machine frame body 4.

In this way, the turning center C of the machine frame body 4
By arranging the driver's seat 6 on the left side of the turning center C of the machine frame body 4 on the side opposite to the engine 22 arranged on the right side of the vehicle, it is possible to secure a large installation space for the driver's seat 6. The driver can freely drive, fatigue can be reduced, and safety can be improved.

Front end 4b formed on the left half of the machine frame body 4
Is parallel to the driver's seat 6 arranged in the traveling direction,
Lever stands 25, 25 are erected on the left and right sides inside the front end portion 4b, and the lever stands 25, 25 and the driver's seat 6 are arranged with an interval in the front-rear direction.
A communication passage 60 that is open in the left-right direction is formed between the vehicle 5 and the driver's seat 6, and a retreat portion 4a is arranged so as to intersect the right side portion of the communication passage 60 in a plan view.

In this way, it is possible to get on and off the machine frame main body 4 from either the left or right direction of the machine body through the communication passage 60.

Therefore, depending on the excavation work site, one side of the machine body may be blocked by a fence or the like.
By appropriately getting on and off from any one side of the communication passage 60, the getting on and off work can be smoothly performed.

Further, at the right side of the lever stands 25, 25 and above the retreat portion 4a, an open space 61 is formed from the driver's seat 6 to the front side and has no visibility shield. .

In this way, the driver sees through the open space 61 the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 for mounting the excavation work portion, which is provided so as to project from the retreat portion 4a, and the surroundings, and the driver's seat 6 It can be easily visually recognized through the open space 61 in the state of being seated on, and the reliability and safety of the work can be improved.

Further, in the excavating work machine A of the present invention, the engine 22 and the attachment device of the engine 22 are arranged along the retreat portion 4a.

That is, a wide space is secured on the right side of the driver's seat 6 behind the retreat portion 4a described above, and the engine 22 and an accessory device of the engine 22 are arranged in this space.

By disposing the engine 22 and the like in such a layout, the overall shape of the excavating work machine A can be mounted on a large engine 22 while keeping the overall shape of the excavating work machine A compact, and the capability of the excavating work machine A can be improved.

Further, since the rear area of the machine frame main body 4 is maximized while obtaining the minimum turning radius, there is a margin for disposing the fuel tank 23 and the hydraulic oil tank 24 behind the driver's seat 6.

A hydraulic pump P is connected to the engine 22 in an interlocking manner, and the hydraulic pump P is arranged near the rear end of the machine frame body 4.

In this way, by disposing the engine 22 and the hydraulic pump P, which are relatively heavy items, near the rear end of the machine casing body 4, these are effectively used as balance weights for the rear portion of the machine casing body 4. Since it can be made to function and the front-rear balance of the machine body can be well ensured, the stability of the machine body during excavation work and the stability of the machine frame body 4 during turning can be improved. As a result, the traveling performance and excavation work performance of this machine can be improved.

Moreover, since the hydraulic pump P is arranged near the rear end of the machine frame body 4, when the inspection port is provided at the rear part of the machine frame body 4, the inspection port is arranged in the vicinity of the hydraulic pump P. Therefore, it is possible to improve the inspection / maintenance of the hydraulic pump P, which is relatively frequently inspected / maintained.

In the present embodiment, the fuel tank 23 is equipped with the fuel gauge mechanism D shown in FIG.

That is, the fuel sensor 35 is provided on the side surface of the fuel tank 23.
In the inside of the fuel tank 23, the base end of the gauge float 36 is attached to the sensor 35, and the float 36
Is vertically rotatable between an upper limit position and a lower limit position defined in the tank 23.

On the other hand, the fuel sensor 35 is the gauge float.
The rotary displacement of 36 is converted into an electric signal, and is connected to a sensor circuit 37 arranged outside the fuel tank 23.

The sensor circuit 37 connects the fuel gauge 38 and the alarm buzzer 39. 40 is a fuel oil level gauge.

The sensor circuit 37, the fuel gauge 38, and the alarm buzzer 39 may be attached at any positions.

By constructing the fuel gauge mechanism D as described above, the fuel in the fuel tank 23 is consumed,
Alternatively, when the liquid level is displaced by replenishment, the fuel sensor 35 converts the rotational displacement of the gauge float 36 that accompanies the displacement of the liquid level, and the sensor circuit 37 that receives this signal activates the fuel gauge 38. I am trying to let you.

Further, when the gauge float 36 reaches the upper limit position and the lower limit position, the sensor circuit 37 receiving the electric signal from the fuel sensor 35 sounds the alarm buzzer 39.

Therefore, it is not necessary to pay attention to the fuel oil level gauge 40 as in the conventional case, because the buzzer alarm can tell the fuel supply timing and the full tank position at the time of supply. In addition, the fuel oil level gauge 40 may be eliminated depending on the case.

Next, the air bleeder plug 41 of the hydraulic pump P provided in the excavator A of this embodiment will be described.

The hydraulic pump P requires air bleeding in order to prevent cavitation and seizure of the pump P. As shown in FIG. The removal plug 41 is attached.

In this embodiment, the air vent plug 41 has a structure as shown in FIG. 5 so that the periphery of the pump P is not contaminated by the hydraulic oil discharged together with the air when the air is vented.

That is, the air bleeding plug 41 is composed of the pump body 43.
Plug base 44 screwed to the side and fixed, and the plug base 44
It is composed of a plug main body 46 which is screwed to the inside and has an air passage 45 formed therein, and a plug cap 47 which is interposed between the plug base portion 44 and the plug main body 46. 45a is an air outlet, 45b is an air inlet, 48 is an oil receiving container, and 49 is a hose that guides the hydraulic oil discharged from the air vent plug 41 to the oil receiving container 48.

Now, referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, a further explanation will be given. With the air bleeding plug 41 assembled, as shown in FIG. 6, the plug body 46 is firmly attached to the plug base 44. The screwed-in air inlet 45b is closed by the inner wall 44a of the plug base 44. The air outlet 45a of the plug body 46 is covered by the plug cap 47.

When bleeding air, as shown in FIG. 7, the plug cap 47 is removed and a hose is attached to the air outlet 45a.
One end of 49 is attached and the other end is exposed to the oil receiving container 48. Then, by loosening the plug body 46 and opening a gap between the air inlet 45b and the inner wall 44a of the plug base 44, the hydraulic oil discharged together with the air does not pollute the periphery of the hydraulic pump P.

This has the same effect not only after mounting the hydraulic pump P on the excavating work machine A but also when bleeding air, for example, when the hydraulic pump P is assembled in a factory or the like.

Next, the mounting structure of the crawler frame 53 included in the excavator A of this embodiment will be described.

The crawler frame 53 constituting the crawler traveling device 2 is connected to a cross member 57, as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 58 is a machine frame body mounting portion.

As shown in FIG. 9, the crawler frame 53 has an upper surface 53a, an inner side surface 53b, and an outer side surface 53c formed in a gate shape in a sectional view. Is formed in an inclined shape having a downward slope of a predetermined inclination angle α toward the outside, and the upper end of the inner side surface 53b and the cross member 57 are continuously connected without a step.

By doing so, it is possible to increase the ground clearance of the machine body 1 and prevent the crawler frame 53 from accumulating earth and sand.

Further, conventionally, in order to increase the ground clearance, as shown in FIG. 10, a step h is provided between the cross member 57 and the crawler frame 53, and the reinforcing member 59 is provided.
Is provided to reinforce the connection between the two. In the present embodiment, the above-mentioned reinforcing member 59 is unnecessary, and the number of parts is reduced to reduce the cost.

[0085]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

Since a retreat portion for retreating obliquely rearward is formed on one front portion of the machine frame main body, and a boom bracket attachment fulcrum for attaching the excavation work portion is provided to project from the retreat portion, the control portion is provided. Since it is possible to make it spacious, it is possible to secure a sufficient living space for the driver.
As a result, the driver can freely drive, fatigue can be reduced, and safety can be improved.

Moreover, since the boom bracket mounting fulcrum, which serves as the mounting base of the excavation work section, can be brought as close as possible to the turning center, the excavation work section can be swung upward so that it can be swung in the stored state. The turning radius of the working unit can be reduced, and the excavation work efficiency in a narrow space can be improved.

Further, since the swing cylinder or the like can be attached, the swing mechanism or the like can be adopted, and the usability can be improved.

In the control section, the lever stand and the driver's seat are arranged with an interval in the front-rear direction, and a communication passage opened in the left-right direction is formed between the lever stand and the driver's seat. It is possible to get on and off the machine frame body from either the left or right direction of the machine body through the same communication passage.

Therefore, depending on the excavation work site, one side of the machine body may be blocked by a fence or the like.
The boarding / alighting work can be smoothly carried out by carrying out the boarding / alighting from any one side of the communication passages.

Since the retreat portion is arranged on one side of the communication passage, the driver can view the boom bracket attachment fulcrum for attaching the excavation work portion, which is provided so as to project from the retreat portion, and the surroundings. It can be easily viewed while seated in the driver's seat, and the reliability and safety of work can be improved.

Since the retreat section is disposed so as to face the position directly above the traveling section on one side with the control section directed in the straight ahead direction of the machine body, the traveling section is used as a stepping stone from the retreat section when getting on and off. You can easily get on and off the machine frame.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an excavation work machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a fuel gauge mechanism.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a disposition state of air bleeding plugs.

FIG. 5 is an exploded explanatory view of the air bleeding plug.

FIG. 6 is an assembly view of the air bleeding plug.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram when performing air bleeding.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a crawler frame.

9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a mounted state of a conventional crawler frame.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a conventional excavation work machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

4 machine frame body 8 boom bracket 11 excavation bucket 22 engine 25 lever stand a Excavation work department e Control unit

Front page continued (72) Inventor Sumi Yonekura 428 Enami, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture, Seirei Industrial Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-4-213629 (JP, A) JP-A-2-70835 (JP, A) Actual development Sho 52-34501 (JP, U) Actual development 3-69058 (JP, U) Actual development 4-4944 (JP, U) Actual development 1-164337 (JP, U) (58) Survey Areas (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02F 9/16 E02F 3/32 E02F 9/08

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pair of right and left crawler type traveling portions (2a, 2a)
To the traveling device (2) equipped with
(4) is attached so that it can rotate freely, and the control section (e) is attached to the machine frame body (4).
And an excavating work machine (a) which is equipped with an excavating bucket (11) at the tip and is capable of moving up and down, the machine frame body (4) is Front end
(4b) and the rear end of the inner end of the front end (4b).
It forms a retreat part (4a) by slanting backward to the outside, and a boom bracket mounting fulcrum (7) for mounting the excavation work part is provided so as to project from the retreat part (4a) and is provided on the control part (e). Place the lever stand (25) and the driver's seat (6) at an interval in the front-rear direction.
5) and the driver's seat (6)
0) is formed, the setback in cross shape in one side portion in plan view of the communication passage (60)
An excavation work machine characterized in that (4a) is arranged. 2. The receding part (4a) is located immediately behind the front end part (4b).
The excavating work machine according to claim 1 , wherein the control section (e) is arranged so as to face the position directly above the traveling section (2a) on one side with the control section (e) directed in the straight direction of the machine body.