JP3461440B2 - Turning work machine - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turning work machine such as a backhoe and a power shovel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional rotary working machine is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-212.
As described in Japanese Patent No. 665, a swivel base is provided on a traveling device so as to be freely swiveled around a longitudinal axis, and a working device including a boom, an arm, a bucket, and the like is swayed at the front end of the swivel base. It is movably supported and has a driver's seat on the swivel base.
There is one in which an awning portion is provided to cover the upper side of the driver's seat through columns arranged on both the left and right sides of the driver's seat, and this turning work machine puts the rear end of the turning base within the left and right width of the traveling device to turn. It was a small one made possible.

[0003]

In the conventional swivel work machine described above, the swing fulcrum of the working device is arranged on a line in the front-rear direction passing through the swivel axis, and the driver's seat is provided at a position overlapping the line. Therefore, the driver's seat and the swing fulcrum are arranged so as to overlap left and right. However, since it is necessary to secure a steering space provided with a steering lever and the like between the driver's seat and the swing fulcrum, the swing fulcrum must be arranged at a position distant from the driver's seat forward. As a result, the working device has been greatly extended from the swivel base.

On the other hand, since the swivel base has a short rear end so that the swivel radius can be accommodated within the lateral width of the traveling device, when the working device extends largely from the swivel base, the load is biased forward. It became easier and it was difficult to balance the front and rear weight of the working machine as a whole. When performing a gutter digging work on the edge of a fence, etc., when viewing the bucket part of the work device that has swung left and right with respect to the swivel from the driver's seat, the bucket part is far away from the driver's seat and must be checked. Not only the canopy but also the canopy stanchions on both the left and right sides of the driver's seat could be in sight of the operator, making it very difficult to check the working condition.

Further, since the columns of the canopy are arranged on the left and right sides of the driver's seat, there is a risk that the columns will interfere with getting on and off the driver's seat. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention makes it possible to easily balance the front-rear weight of the machine body by moving the swinging fulcrum of the working device to the rear as much as possible, and also to improve the visibility of the working device from the driver's seat and to the driver's seat. It is an object of the present invention to provide a swing working machine with improved boarding / alighting properties.

[0006]

The present invention takes the following technical means in order to achieve the above object. That is, the swivel work machine according to the present invention includes a swivel base supported so as to be freely swiveled around a longitudinal axis, and the left and right swing fulcrums of the working device are arranged at the front end of the swivel base, A driver's seat, an opening / closing hood behind the driver's seat, a fixed bonnet on the side of the driver's seat, and a sunshade supported in a cantilever manner via a single pillar to cover the upper part of the driver's seat. And a driver seat eccentrically to the left or right side with respect to the turning axis, and a fixed bonnet and a swing fulcrum of the working device on the other side opposite to the side on which the driver seat is eccentric. The fixed bonnet has an inspection port and
A cover that opens and closes the inspection opening is provided, a frame is provided in the fixed bonnet, and the base of one pillar of the sunshade section is fixed to this frame at the side of the driver's seat.
In the through hole formed in the cover for the inspection port
It is characterized by being inserted .

According to this, the driver's seat and the swing fulcrum of the work device can be arranged laterally displaced, and the swing fulcrum is located on the driver's seat side (rear side) as much as possible. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the working device from extending greatly from the swivel base, and it is possible to easily balance the front-rear weight of the swivel work machine even when the rear end of the swivel base is formed short. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, when performing the gutter digging work, the support pole is not in sight of the operator, and the tip of the working device is close to the driver's seat, so that the working state can be easily confirmed. Become.

The turning work machine according to the present invention is characterized in that an entrance / exit to and from the driver's seat is formed on a side portion of the turning base on the side on which the driver's seat is eccentric.
It is possible to prevent the columns from interfering with getting on and off the driver's seat.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 shows a turning work machine 1 according to the present invention, which is illustrated by a backhoe, and the turning work machine 1 includes a traveling device 3 including a pair of left and right crawler traveling bodies 2.
It is mainly configured by including a swivel base 4 on the upper side so as to freely swivel around a swivel axis P1 in the vertical direction (vertical direction).

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a backhoe device (working device) 5 is provided at the front end of the swivel base 4.
On the left side of the front part on the swivel base 4, there is provided a control floor 8 including an operation section 6, a step section 7 and the like. On the rear side and the right side of the control floor 8, equipment such as an engine 9, tanks 10 and 11 are provided. The bonnets 12 and 13 that cover the vehicle are provided, and the driver's seat 14 is provided on the bonnet 12. In front of the driver's seat 14, an entrance 15 for the driver's seat 14 is formed on the left side of the turntable 4.

The backhoe device 5 includes a swing bracket 17, which is supported by a support bracket 16 at the front end of the swivel base 4 so as to be swingable right and left around a swing shaft center (swing fulcrum) P2 in the vertical direction. A boom 18 supported by a bracket 17 so as to be vertically swingable about a horizontal axis, an arm 19 supported by a tip of the boom 18 so as to be swingable back and forth about a horizontal axis, and an arm 19 Has a bucket 20 swingably supported around the axis in the left-right direction, and the swing bracket 17, the boom 18, the arm 19 and the bucket 20 are respectively a swing cylinder 21 and a boom cylinder which are hydraulic cylinders. The armature 23, the arm cylinder 23, and the bucket cylinder 24 are swingably driven.

The swivel base 4 is rotatably supported about the swivel axis P1 via a bearing body 25 provided at the center of the traveling device 3, and is mounted on a base frame 26 below the swivel base 4. It is adapted to be driven to rotate by the provided rotation motor 27. The rear part of the swivel base 4 has the swivel axis P1.
It is formed on the arc wall centering around
The turning locus drawn by the rear part is accommodated within the left and right and front and rear widths of the traveling device 3. Further, the left and right side portions of the swivel base 4 are formed on straight wall surfaces in the front-rear direction, and the lateral width of the swivel base 4 is formed narrower than the diameter of the swivel locus.

With such a structure, the swivel base 4 can swivel without protruding from the traveling device 3, so that traveling on a narrow road and excavation work can be easily performed. A counterweight 28 is provided at the rear end of the base frame 26 to balance the weight of the backhoe device 5 at the front end. A skirt (side wall member) 29 made of sheet metal is provided on the left and right side portions and the front side portion of the swivel base 4 on the front side of the counterweight 28.

On the rear portion of the base frame 26, the engine 9 is horizontally arranged, the hydraulic pump 30 attached to the engine 9 is arranged on the left side of the engine, and the radiator 31 is arranged on the right side. Further, a concave portion 28a is formed in the weight 28 portion on the rear side of the engine 9, the hydraulic oil tank 10 is housed in the concave portion 28a, and the battery 32 is provided above the hydraulic oil tank 10. .

An air cleaner 33, a muffler 34, etc. are arranged above the hydraulic pump 30, and a fuel tank 11 is arranged on the right side of the control floor 8 in front of the radiator 31. The bonnets 12 and 13 are made of sheet metal or made of hard resin, and are composed of a fixed bonnet 13 fixed to the swivel 4 and an openable / closable open / close bonnet 12. It is arranged behind the floor 8 and covers the engine 9, the hydraulic pump 30, and the like. Also, opening and closing bonnet 1
2 is a hinge member 3 provided at the right and left intermediate portion of the weight 28.
A rear end portion is pivotally connected via 5 around an axis P3 in the left-right direction so as to be openable and closable.

On the left side of the opening / closing hood 12, that is, on the rear side of the entrance / exit 15, in addition to the air cleaner 33 and the hydraulic pump 30, fuel system equipment (fuel filter, electromagnetic pump, etc.) 61 that requires daily inspection, Electrical components are stored. Therefore, by opening the opening / closing bonnet 12,
The daily inspection equipment stored on the left side of the inside of the hood 12 can be easily inspected from the entrance / exit 15 side.

Further, the oil supply pipe 10a of the hydraulic oil tank 10 extends obliquely upward to the left front from the left side of the upper surface of the tank, and its oil supply port 10b is brought close to the left side inside the bonnet 12, and the radiator 31 is connected to the oil supply pipe 10a. A reservoir tank 36 is attached and fixed. As a result, by opening the open / close bonnet 12, the hydraulic oil tank 10 and the reservoir tank 36 can be suitably replenished.

A downward recess 12a is formed on the upper surface of the opening / closing bonnet 12, and the driver seat 1 is formed in the recess 12a.
4 is mounted so as to open and close together with the opening and closing bonnet 12 to swing. In addition, a second recess 12b is formed in the center of the recess 12a so as to be recessed further downward, and a tool 37 such as a grease gun can be stored in the second recess 12b. Then, by rotating the front part of the driver's seat 14 around the fulcrum in the left-right direction, the second recess 12b is opened, and the tool 37 can be taken in and out.

The fixed bonnet 13 is provided on the right side of the opening / closing bonnet 12 and the control floor 8 in a range from the rear part to the front part of the swivel base 4.
3, the radiator 31 and the fuel tank 11 are covered. An operation box 39 equipped with an operation lever 38 and the like is erected on the operation section 6 of the control floor 8, and in the swivel base 4 below the operation box 39, hydraulic pressures of the swivel motor 27 and the backhoe device 5 are provided. A control valve block 40 that hydraulically controls a cylinder and the like is arranged. Further, pedal devices 41 such as a swing pedal, a speed increasing pedal, and a service port pedal are provided on the left and right sides of the lower portion of the operation box 39, respectively.

The left side of the step portion 7 at the rear of the control floor 8 is used as an entrance / exit 15 for the operator to get on and off. Here, the structure of the swivel base 4 will be described in detail. The skirt 2 that constitutes the left and right side parts and the front side part of the swivel base 4.
The left and right side wall members 29 </ b> L and 29 </ b> R sandwich the support bracket 16 of the backhoe device 5, and are fixed via the base frame 26 and the brackets provided on the base frame 26.

On the other hand, the step portion 7 has the entrance / exit 1
5 extends in the left-right direction between the opening / closing bonnet 12 and the operating portion 6, and the operating portion 6 and the fixed bonnet 1 extend from the extended end.
3 has a step member 42 which is made of metal and has a substantially L-shape in a plane and which projects forward from the side wall. The step member 42 is configured separately from the side wall members 29L and 29R. It is fixed with bolts or the like through 29L, 29R and a bracket or the like that is erected from the base frame 26.

The lower portion of the operation box 39 is composed of a boot 43 made of an elastic material such as rubber. The boot 43 has a plane L-shaped step member 42 and a left side member 2.
Control floor 8 to fill the space surrounded by 9L
It constitutes a floor member that forms a part of. That is, the control floor 8 is formed by being divided into front and rear by the members of the step member 42 and the boot 43 having different structures.

As described above, the left and right side wall members 29L, 29
Since the R, the step member 42 and the boot 43 that form the control floor 8 are formed of separate members, they can be individually attached and detached, and work such as repair and replacement of the individual members can be performed. This is easy, and the equipment inside the swivel base 4 can be easily maintained by removing only the necessary parts.

The operation box 39 and the boot 43 are
It is provided upright from the base frame 26 so as to surround the outer periphery of a frame 44 that supports the link mechanism of the operation lever 38, the pilot valve, and the like, and an opening for inserting the frame 44 and the like in the center of the boot 43. The part 43a is formed.
In addition, the boot 43 is formed with a divided portion 43b extending over the opening 43a and the outer peripheral portion, and by this,
By elastically deforming the boot 43, the opening 43a can be widened via the dividing portion 43b, and the boot 43 can be attached and detached from the outer side of the frame 44. Since such a structure is provided, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which only the boot 43 is attached or detached with the operation box 39 attached to the frame body 44 side. In this case, only the boot 43 is detached for control. Maintenance of the valve 40 and the like can be performed.

Further, the step member 42 is provided with an operating portion 6
Since the protruding portion 42a protruding forward is formed between the fixed hood 12 and the fixed bonnet 12, the protruding portion 42a is formed when the operation pedal 41 on the right side of the operation box 39 is not used.
Can be used as a footrest space.
In addition, on the upper surface of the step member 42, a rubber mat 45 having an L-shape in plan view, which follows the shape of the step member 42.
Is provided, and the step member 42 is provided with a non-slip function and the like over the whole.

The projecting portion 42a is arranged behind the support bracket 16 (swing axis P2) of the backhoe device 5. That is, in the conventional case, the swing axis P
Since the driver's seat is provided on the rear side of the vehicle 2 so as to overlap left and right, an operation box or the like stands upright between the swing axis P2 and the driver's seat, and the operation box or the like interferes with the base of the backhoe device. Although it was difficult to visually recognize the vicinity, in the present invention, the backhoe device 5 can be visually recognized by the space above the overhanging portion 42a in the above-described arrangement, and particularly the left and right rocking states of the backhoe device 5 can be confirmed. It's easier to do. Further, it is easy to confirm the feet of the traveling device 3 from the space.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the driver's seat 1
An awning portion 46 is provided above the position 4. The awning portion 46 is provided on the right side of the driver's seat 14 on the fixed bonnet 1.
The right side portion is supported in a cantilever manner via a single strut 47 extending upward from No. 3, and the base portion of the strut 47 is attached and fixed to a frame 48 provided in the fixed bonnet 13.

The frame 48 is made of a metal plate material, and is viewed from the side.
1 is formed in a gate shape that covers the upper side and the front and rear sides. The front leg portion 48a of the frame 48 is vertically inserted between the radiator 31 and the fuel tank 11 and fixed to the base frame 26 side, and the rear leg portion 48b is protruded upward from the weight 28. A base plate 48c that is fixed to the base 28b and extends in the front-rear direction is fixed to the upper ends of the front and rear leg portions 48a and 48b. The base of the column 47 is fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 48c with bolts or the like.

The frame 48 is also seen in a plan view.
Is disposed in the vicinity of the left side of the radiator 31, and the base plate 48c serves as the engine 9 and the radiator 31.
And the radiator fan 49 between them and the radiator fan 49. By forming the frame 48 in a gate shape that covers the outer periphery in the vicinity of the radiator 31 as described above, the frame 48 functions as a guard of the radiator 31, and by providing the support member 50 and the like from the frame 48 to the radiator 31. The vibration of the radiator 31 can be prevented. Further, also with respect to the fuel tank 11 adjacent to the front side of the radiator 31, a support member 51 for pressing the upper portion of the fuel tank 11 from the front leg portion 48a is provided so as to support the fuel tank 11 and prevent vibration. .

Further, since the frame 48 surrounds the front rear and the upper part between the radiator fan 49 and the radiator 31, cooling air from the fan 49 is directed to the radiator 41.
It also has a function as a flow guide plate. Since the front leg portions 48a and 48b of the frame 48 are made of a plate material, a narrow gap between the fuel tank 11 and the radiator 31 can be inserted, and the base plate 48c can be inserted.
Since the plate is also made of a plate material, it can be inserted into the front and rear through a narrow gap between the radiator 31 and the fixed bonnet 12.

Since the support column 47 is fixed to the frame 48 extending in the front-rear direction on the right side of the swivel base 4, the fixed bonnet 13 in which the support column 47 is present is formed to have a narrow left-right width and a long front-rear shape. The swivel base 4 avoiding the columns 47
Most of the left side can be covered with the opening / closing bonnet 12, and the internal equipment such as the engine 9 is largely exposed to facilitate inspection work and the like.

The arrangement of each part on the swivel base 4 described above will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 1. The driver's seat 14 with respect to the swivel axis P1 arranged substantially at the center of the swivel base 4.
Is slightly eccentric to the left. On the other hand, the left and right swing axis P2 of the backhoe device 5 is arranged on the right side of the turning axis P1, and the support column 47 of the shade portion 46 is also arranged on the right side. In addition, the entrance 15 to the driver's seat 14 is
The swivel base 4 with the swivel axis P1 and the driver's seat 14 sandwiched between
Is provided on the left side of the.

With the above arrangement, the swing fulcrum P2 of the backhoe device 5 and the driver's seat 14 are displaced from each other in the left-right direction, whereby the swing fulcrum P2 is located as rearward as possible. Can be located closer to the driver's seat 14 side, and the reach from the driver's seat 14 to the bucket 20 can be reduced to make it easier to confirm the working state of the bucket 20 from the driver's seat 14 diagonally left behind. .

Further, since the reach to the bucket 20 can be shortened, the amount of extension of the backhoe device 5 from the swivel base 4 can be reduced, and the weight balance between the swivel base and the backhoe device can be improved. Since the entrance / exit 15 is located away from the support 47 with the driver's seat 14 and the turning axis P1 interposed therebetween, the support 47 does not become an obstacle when the operator gets on and off the support.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, in the case of performing the ditch digging work on the fence, when confirming from the driver's seat 14 the bucket 20 of the backhoe 5 which is swung to the left with respect to the swivel base 4, Since the swing axis P2 is displaced to the right with respect to the driver's seat 14, the bucket 20 moves to the driver's seat 14
Since the pillar 47 is located on the right side of the driver's seat 14 as it approaches the side, the working state can be easily confirmed without entering the field of view of the operator.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, the fixed bonnet 13 is provided with an inspection port 53 which enables water supply to the radiator 31 and oil supply to the fuel tank 11 and is provided. The mouth 53 is the water supply port 31 of the radiator 31.
a, the fuel filler 11a of the fuel tank 11 and the shade portion 4
It is widely formed in a range including the six columns 47. Also,
The inspection port 53 is provided with a cover 54 that opens and closes the inspection port 53.

The cover 54 is made of an elastically deformable material such as rubber or synthetic resin, and the outer periphery of the cover 54 is detachably attached to the peripheral end of the inspection port 53 by a concavo-convex fitting structure or bolts. It can be supplied with water or oil by removing it. Further, above the fuel supply port 11a of the fuel tank 11 in the cover 54 is an opening / closing portion 56 that partially opens and closes the cover 54 via a hinge portion 55.

The hinge portion 55 is formed by forming a thin portion on the cover 54, and the opening / closing portion 56 can be opened / closed by elastically deforming through the thin portion, and when closed, the fixed bonnet 13 is formed. Locking means 57 for locking the opening / closing part 56 is provided. By providing such an opening / closing portion 56, the cover can be partially opened / closed for the fuel tank 11 having a relatively high replenishment frequency, and the troublesome work of removing the entire cover can be omitted. Of.

The outer surface of the fixed bonnet 13 has a three-dimensionally curved curved surface structure, and the peripheral edge of the inspection port 53 is also curved. However, since the cover 54 is elastically deformable, the inspection port By elastically deforming in accordance with the peripheral edge of 53, the inspection port 53 can be closed without a gap, and water ingress or the like can be reliably prevented. Therefore, the cover 54 is not required to have strict dimensional accuracy, which facilitates production.

A through hole 58 through which the support column 47 is inserted is formed in the cover 54, and a bellows portion 59 is formed integrally around the through hole 58 so as to closely contact and surround the outer periphery of the support column 47. . By providing the bellows portion 59, even if the positions of the column 47 and the through hole 58 are slightly deviated, they can be elastically deformed to cope with the positional deviation, and moreover, the cover 54 is in close contact with the column 47 to form a seal structure. Configure and
Rainwater and the like are prevented from entering through the through holes 58.

An operation panel 60 including an accelerator lever, a main switch, and other electrical components is provided in front of and behind the pillar insertion portion and the opening / closing portion 56. Also,
Instead of the thinly formed hinge portion, the opening / closing portion may be formed separately and connected to the cover body with a hinge or the like. 8 and 9 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the base plate 48c of the frame 48 for the sunshade column 47 extends to above the fuel tank 11, and its front end is the fuel tank. It is supported by a left and right bifurcated front leg portion 48a that straddles 11 in the front-rear midway position.

As a result, the frame 48 has a function as a guard not only for the radiator 31 but also for the fuel tank 11. FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the fixed bonnet 13 made of sheet metal is formed as a frame 48 for the sunshade strut 47.
Extends in the front-rear direction on one side of the swivel base 4, covers the radiator 31 and the upper portion of the fuel tank 11, and has a rib 62 in the up-down direction at a position where the radiator 31 is sandwiched from the front and the rear.
Is provided, and the base of the support column 47 is directly fixed to the upper surface of the bonnet 13 with bolts or the like.

According to this, since the fixed bonnet 13 constitutes the support portion of the column 47, it is not necessary to provide the frame 48 as described in the first and second embodiments, and the space in the bonnet 13 is eliminated. The rib 61 has a structure capable of withstanding the support of the support column 47, and plays a role as a flow guide plate for guiding exhaust air before and after the radiator 31.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the design can be changed as appropriate. For example, the arrangement of the bonnet, the driver's seat, the sunshade column, the swing axis of the working device, etc. with respect to the turning axis is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment. It is possible to have the opposite arrangement.

[0045]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the seat on the swivel base and the swing fulcrum of the working device are displaced in the left-right direction, and the swing fulcrum is located on the driver seat side as much as possible. It is possible to place the work device closer to the center of the swivel base to reduce the extension of the work device from the swivel base to improve the weight balance between the front and rear of the swivel work device and to make it easier to visually recognize the work device. This also makes it easier to visually recognize the work device.

Further, since the boarding / alighting port is provided on the side portion of the swivel base opposite to the supporting column, the operator can get on and off without the supporting column becoming an obstacle.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a swivel work machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the inside of the swivel base.

FIG. 3 is a left side view (partially sectional view) of the swivel base.

FIG. 4 is a right side view (partially sectional view) of the swivel base.

FIG. 5 is a front view (partially sectional view) of the swivel base.

FIG. 6 is an overall side view of the turning work machine.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a state in which a gutter digging operation is performed using a turning work machine.

FIG. 8 is a right side view (partially sectional view) of a swivel base according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the inside of a right side portion of the swivel base.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a fixed bonnet according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 swivel work machine 4 swivel base 5 Backhoe equipment (working equipment) 14 Driver's seat 15 entrance / exit 46 sun protection 47 props P1 turning axis P2 swing axis (swing fulcrum)

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-9-67832 (JP, A) JP-A-9-209404 (JP, A) JP-A-9-165781 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02F 9/16 E02F 9/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A swivel base rotatably supported about a longitudinal axis is provided, a left and right swing fulcrum of a working device is arranged at a front end of the swivel base, and a driver's seat and a driver's seat are provided on the swivel base. An opening / closing bonnet at the rear of the driver's seat, a fixed bonnet on the side of the driver's seat, and an awning supported in a cantilever manner via a single pillar to cover the upper part of the driver's seat are provided. eccentrically one lateral side closer to the pivot axis provided the driver's seat, the side where the driver's seat is eccentric and arranged swing fulcrum of the fixed hood and the working device to the left and right the other side of the opposite side, the An inspection port is provided on the fixed bonnet and this inspection port
Is provided with a cover that can be opened and closed freely, a frame is provided in the fixed bonnet, and the base of one pillar of the sunshade section is fixed to the side of the driver's seat, and the one pillar is subjected to the inspection. A swivel working machine characterized by being inserted into a through hole formed in the mouth cover and extending upward. 2. The swivel work machine according to claim 1, wherein an entrance / exit for the driver's seat is formed on a side portion of the swivel base on the side where the driver's seat is eccentric.