JP2003064722A - Excavation working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excavation working machine capable of comfortably widening an operating section and ensuring a sufficient space as a living space of a driver. SOLUTION: The front end section is formed in a half part of one side of a machine frame body, and, the machine frame body itself is gradually retreated over the whole width of a half part of the other side from the end of the inside of the front end to a retreative section is formed in a half part of the other side, a supporting point for mounting an excavation working section to the retreative section is positioned backward of a virtual tangent coming into contact with the front end of the machine frame body, so that it can be positioned to the front side section of a driver's seat set in the half part of one side of the machine fame body.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavator capable of easily turning in a narrow place. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIG.
A boom bracket (108) is attached to substantially the center of the swivelable frame body (104) equipped with a main boom (109), and the main boom (109) is connected to the bracket (108) so that it can move up and down.
At the end of 9), an offset boom mechanism (121) for offsetting the position of the excavating bucket (111) to the left and right is provided, and the offset boom mechanism (121) has a bucket arm (110).
The excavation work part (b) is connected to the excavator so that the bucket arm (110) can be offset to dig a gutter outside the fuselage (101) and can be easily turned even in a narrow place. Machine (B). [0003] The driver's seat (106) of the excavator (B) is
The front (104a) of the machine body (104), which is provided on the left side of the boom bracket (108) and has the same driver's seat (106),
The front side is formed parallel to the driver's seat (106) in plan view. In FIG. 11, reference numeral 102 denotes a crawler type traveling device;
5 is a lever stand, 126 is an operation lever, and 128 is a travel lever. [0005] However, the above-mentioned excavator (B) capable of small turning still has the following problems to be solved. That is, in the excavating machine (B) described above, a boom bracket (108) for mounting the base end of the excavating section (b) is attached to the machine frame body (104) in order to enable a small turning. Installed in the center. Therefore, the layout of each device in the machine frame body (104) has been greatly restricted. For example, looking at the driver's seat (106), the driver's seat (106) has a narrow living space, and the driver is forced to operate in such a small space while feeling cramped. [0009] In this case, fatigue due to work is increased,
Work efficiency was also reduced. Further, when excavating a gutter or the like along an obstacle at a place where there is an obstacle or the like on the side, the main boom is required.
(1 09) If it could swing itself, it would be easy to work, but no swing mechanism could be attached to swing the main boom (109). An object of the present invention is to provide an excavator capable of solving the above-mentioned problems. According to the present invention, a machine frame main body is pivotally mounted on a traveling device having a pair of right and left crawler-type traveling sections via a pivot shaft, and is operated on the machine frame main body. And an excavating work machine provided with a vertically excavating work part having an excavating bucket attached to a tip thereof, wherein a front end is formed in one half of the machine frame body and a front end is formed in the other half. The fulcrum pin for gradually retreating the machine frame body itself over the entire width of the other half from the inner end of the portion to form a retreat portion, and a fulcrum pin for attaching the excavation work section to the retreat portion is in contact with the front end of the machine frame body. An excavating machine is provided, which is located behind a tangent line and is located on a front side of a driver's seat arranged on one side half of the machine frame main body. Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of an excavator A according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof.
At the center of the crawler-type traveling device 2 having a pair of left and right crawler-type traveling parts 2a, 2c, the machine frame body 4 is pivotably mounted via a pivot bearing 3 at the center, and excavation work is performed on the front side of the machine frame body 4. The part a is attached. The excavating section a forms a retreating portion 4a which retreats obliquely rearward on one of the left and right sides (right side in this embodiment) from the center of the left and right width of the machine frame body 4, Department
The boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 is provided so as to protrude from 4a. The boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 is mounted on the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 via the boom bracket 8 so as to be vertically rotatable and swingable left and right, while swinging to the left of the machine frame body 4. A base end 15a of the cylinder 15 is mounted, and a front end 15b of the swing cylinder 15 is mounted on the boom bracket 8. In this manner, a long swing cylinder 15 can be used as compared with the case where the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 is mounted at the center of the front end of the machine frame body 4, and such a long swing cylinder can be used. The swing range (left-right swing range) of the excavation work part a can be set large by the cylinder 15. As a result, excavation work efficiency can be improved. Further, the control section e is disposed on the machine frame main body 4 on the side opposite to the side where the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 is disposed, that is, on the left side. In this way, the control section e can be widened slowly, and the driver's living space can be secured to a sufficient size. As a result, the driver can operate at ease and can reduce fatigue, and can also improve safety. Moreover, since the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 serving as the mounting base of the excavation work part a can be brought as close as possible to the center of rotation, the base of the excavation work part a is close to the center of rotation, and the conventional small-rotation type excavation. As in the case of the work machine B (see FIG. 11), small turning is enabled, and the turning radius of the excavating work part a when the excavating work part a is turned upward in the stowed state to be turned can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to improve the excavation work efficiency in a narrow place. At this time, since the control section e is arranged on the machine frame main body 4 on the side opposite to the side where the boom bracket attachment fulcrum 7 is arranged, the boom bracket attachment fulcrum 7 is provided.
When the excavating section a attached to the excavating section a is moved up and down, the driver operating the maneuvering section e does not give a sense of fear or the like, and the driver operates the excavating section a on the left side of the excavating section a. The operation of the excavation work part a can be easily visually recognized, and the efficiency and safety of the work can be improved. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the swing cylinder 15 and the like can be attached, and the main boom 9 can be freely rotated about the fulcrum pin 7a. Can be improved. The excavating section a has a main boom 9 mounted on the bracket 8 so as to be able to move up and down and a bucket arm 10 and an excavating bucket 11 at an end of the main boom 9 via an offset boom mechanism 21. The bucket arm 10 is connected to the main boom 9 so as to be vertically movable and rotatable. Reference numeral 7a is a fulcrum pin for attaching the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 and the boom bracket 8. With the control section e facing forward, an outer line formed along the right outer wall 11a of the excavating bucket 11 attached to the tip of the excavating section a is It is possible to adopt a work form that substantially coincides with the virtual line L extending forward from the outer end. In this way, for example, when performing a guttering operation, the outer line of the excavating bucket 11 can be easily set to the guttering position by disposing the traveling device 2 at the guttering position. This makes it possible to quickly and reliably perform such a trench excavation work. At this time, even when there is an obstacle such as a wall at the digging position, the traveling device 2 is arranged as close to the obstacle as possible, so that the digging bucket is located near the obstacle. 11 can be easily set, and the excavation bucket 11 can surely excavate the vicinity of the obstacle to efficiently perform the trench excavation work. In addition, since the control section e is directed forward, a driver who operates and operates the control section e can easily visually recognize the situation of the gutter work in a comfortable posture. As a result, work efficiency and safety can be improved. The offset boom mechanism 21 includes an offset boom 30 connected to the main boom 9, an offset arm 31 connected to the offset boom 30, and an offset boom interposed between the main boom 9 and the offset boom 30. It comprises a hydraulic cylinder 32 and an offset rod 18 connecting between the offset arm 31 and the main boom 9. Actuators for operating the excavating section a include a main boom cylinder 12, a bucket arm cylinder 13, a bucket cylinder 14, or
It consists of a swing cylinder 15 etc. that can be installed as needed,
Each is connected to a control valve (not shown) disposed below the cabin 5 via a hydraulic pipe. The control valve is connected to operation levers 26, 26 disposed on a control section e, which will be described later. When the driver operates the operation levers 26, 26, the control valve opens and closes appropriately. The excavation work part a can be arbitrarily operated by operating the actuator of (1). In this embodiment, the excavating work section a is provided with the offset boom mechanism 21.
It does not need to include 21. As described above, the control section e is provided substantially at the left side of the center of the machine frame body 4, and the driver's seat 6 is disposed in the control section e. Stands 25, 25 are erected on the left and right, and operation levers 26, 26 are arranged above the lever stands 25, 25. Reference numerals 28, 28 denote traveling levers provided between the lever stands 25, 25. 1 and 2, reference numeral 5 denotes a canopy for covering the steering section e, reference numeral 23 denotes a fuel tank disposed behind the driver's seat 6, reference numeral 24 denotes a hydraulic oil tank, and reference numeral 51 denotes an earth discharging operation and a stabilizer function. A blade 52 is an operating cylinder for moving the blade 51 up and down, 53 is a crawler frame, 54 is a crawler guide, and 55 is a crawler. The basic configuration of the entire excavating machine A in this embodiment is as described above, and the machine frame body 4 will be described more specifically below. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the machine frame main body 4 is formed such that its left and right widths are equal to or narrower than the left and right widths of the traveling device 2, and the outermost side thereof is within a predetermined radius from the turning center C. A peripheral side portion 4c formed in an arc shape having a predetermined radius from the turning center C, and a front end portion 4b formed in the left half of the machine frame body 4 in front of the driver's seat 6. And a retreat portion 4a formed by retreating the fuselage body 4 itself from the right end (inner end) of the front end portion 4b to the right half of the machine frame body 4. A fulcrum 7 for attaching the boom bracket of the excavating work section a is protruded in the center,
A boom bracket 8 is mounted on the mounting fulcrum 7 via a fulcrum pin 7a. A fulcrum pin 7a for attaching the excavating work portion a is located substantially at the center of the retreating portion 4a, and is located behind an imaginary tangent line contacting the front end portion 4b of the machine frame body 4, and It is located on the front right side of the driver's seat 6 arranged in the left half. Further, the rear portion of the machine frame body 4 is formed in an arc shape, and the rear area of the machine frame body 4 is maximized while obtaining a minimum turning radius when the machine frame body 4 is turned. Further, the above-mentioned retreating portion 4a is retreated to the right rearward from the right end of the front end portion 4b, and is provided continuously with the peripheral side portion 4c, so that a sufficient space is formed on the right side of the driver's seat 6. I have. In this manner, by forming the left and right widths of the machine frame body 4 to be equal to or narrower than the left and right widths of the traveling device 2, if the traveling device 2 has a width that allows the traveling device 2 to enter even in a narrow space, The aircraft is allowed to enter. In addition, a retreating portion 4a which retreats obliquely rearward is formed at the right front portion of the machine frame body 4, and a boom bracket mounting fulcrum is provided so as to protrude from the retreating portion 4a, and excavation is performed at the boom bracket mounting fulcrum. Since the work unit is attached, the excavation work unit can easily and reliably perform excavation work such as trench excavation even in a narrow place. Further, the retreating portion 4a is disposed so as to face a position immediately above the right traveling portion 2a with the control portion e directed straight in the body. In this way, when getting on and off, the traveling section can be used as a stepping platform so that the user can easily get on and off the machine frame main body from the retreating section. The boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 is arranged within a radius from the turning center C of the machine frame body 4 to the outermost side of the machine frame body 4. In this manner, when the machine frame body 4 is turned, an accidental collision of the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 with another object can be prevented, so that the driver can feel safe with respect to the machine frame body. The turning operation of No. 4 can be performed, so that fatigue can be reduced from this point, and safety can be improved. Here, the engine 22 is arranged on the right side of the turning center C of the machine frame main body 4 so as to be inclined backward with respect to the traveling direction. Thus, the engine 22 is connected to the machine frame body 4
By arranging along the outer edge of the control unit, it is possible to secure a large space for disposing the control unit e and the like on the machine frame main body 4, and to reduce the size of the machine frame main body 4 while maintaining the control unit e and the like. Can be easily arranged on the machine frame main body 4. Therefore, the driver can operate at ease from this point as well, so that fatigue can be reduced and safety can be improved. The engine 22 is arranged along the inside of the retreating portion 4a. By arranging the engine 22 along the inside of the retreating portion 4a in this manner, it is possible to further secure a space for disposing the control section e and the like on the machine frame main body 4, Necessary components such as the control unit e can be easily arranged on the machine frame body 4 while reducing the size of the machine frame body. Therefore, the driver can operate at ease from this point as well, so that the fatigue can be reduced, and the safety can be improved. Further, behind the retreat portion 4a, a wide space can be secured on the right side of the driver's seat 6, and the engine 22 is disposed in such a space.
The entire shape can be mounted on a large engine 22 while keeping the overall shape compact, and the capability of the excavator A can be increased. The driver's seat 6 is arranged on the left side of the turning center C of the machine frame body 4. Thus, the turning center C of the machine frame body 4 is
By arranging the driver's seat 6 on the left side of the turning center C of the machine frame main body 4 on the opposite side to the engine 22 disposed on the right side of the above, a large space for disposing the driver's seat 6 can be secured, The driver can operate at ease and can reduce fatigue, and can also improve safety. A front end 4b formed in the left half of the machine frame body 4.
Is parallel to the driver's seat 6 arranged in the traveling direction,
Lever stands 25, 25 are erected on the left and right inside the front end 4b, and the lever stands 25, 25 and the driver's seat 6 are arranged with a space in the front-rear direction.
A communication passage 60 opened in the left-right direction is formed between the driver's seat 5 and the driver's seat 6, and a retreating portion 4a is arranged so as to cross the right side of the communication passage 60 in plan view. In this way, the user can get on and off the machine frame main body 4 from either the left or right direction of the machine body through the communication path 60. Therefore, depending on the excavation work site, one side of the fuselage may be closed by a fence or the like.
By getting on and off from one side of the communication path 60 as appropriate, the getting on and off work can be performed smoothly. Further, an open space 61 without a visibility shield is formed from the driver's seat 6 to the front at a position on the right side of the lever stands 25, 25 and above the retreating portion 4a. . In this way, the driver passes through the open space 61 to the boom bracket mounting fulcrum 7 for mounting the digging work portion provided to protrude from the retreat portion 4a and the surroundings thereof to the driver's seat 6. It is possible to easily visually recognize through the open space 61 in a state where the user is seated, thereby improving the reliability and safety of work. In the excavator A of the present invention, the engine 22 and an accessory device for the engine 22 are provided along the retreating portion 4a. That is, a wide space is secured on the right side of the driver's seat 6 behind the above-described retreating portion 4a, and the engine 22 and the accessory device of the engine 22 are arranged in this space. By arranging the engine 22 and the like in such a layout, the excavator A can be mounted on a large engine 22 while keeping the overall shape of the excavator A compact, and the capability of the excavator A can be increased. Further, since the rear area of the machine frame body 4 is maximized while obtaining the minimum turning radius, there is a margin for disposing the fuel tank 23 and the hydraulic oil tank 24 behind the driver's seat 6. A hydraulic pump P is connected to the engine 22 in an interlocking manner. The hydraulic pump P is arranged near the rear end of the machine frame body 4. In this way, by disposing the engine 22 and the hydraulic pump P, which are relatively heavy, near the rear end of the machine frame main body 4, these can be effectively used as balance weights at the rear of the machine frame main body 4. Since it is possible to function and a good front-rear balance of the fuselage can be ensured, the stability of the fuselage during excavation work and the stability of the machine frame body 4 during turning can be improved. As a result, the traveling performance and the excavation work performance of the machine can be improved. In addition, since the hydraulic pump P is disposed near the rear end of the machine frame main body 4, when the inspection port is provided at the rear of the machine frame main body 4, the inspection port is disposed near the hydraulic pump P. The inspection and maintenance of the hydraulic pump P, which is relatively frequently inspected and maintained, can be improved. In the present embodiment, the fuel tank 23 has a fuel gauge mechanism D shown in FIG. That is, the fuel sensor 35 is provided on the side of the fuel tank 23.
In the fuel tank 23, the base end of the gauge float 36 is attached to the sensor 35, and the float 36
Are rotatable up and down between an upper limit position and a lower limit position defined in the tank 23. On the other hand, the fuel sensor 35 is connected to the gauge float
It converts the rotational displacement of 36 into an electric signal, and is connected to a sensor circuit 37 disposed outside the fuel tank 23. The sensor circuit 37 connects the fuel gauge 38 and the alarm buzzer 39. 40 is a fuel oil level gauge. The sensor circuit 37, the fuel gauge 38 and the alarm buzzer 39 may be mounted in any position. With the fuel gauge mechanism D configured as described above, the fuel in the fuel tank 23 is consumed,
Alternatively, when the liquid level is displaced by replenishment, the fuel sensor 35 converts the rotational displacement of the gauge float 36 accompanying the displacement of the liquid level into an electric signal, and the sensor circuit 37 receiving the signal activates the fuel gauge 38. I try to make it. When the gauge float 36 reaches the upper limit position and the lower limit position, the sensor circuit 37 receiving the electric signal from the fuel sensor 35 sounds an alarm buzzer 39. Accordingly, the fuel supply timing and the full position at the time of fuel supply can be known by the buzzer alarm, and it is not necessary to watch the fuel oil level gauge 40 as in the related art. In some cases, the fuel oil level gauge 40 can be eliminated. Next, the air bleeding plug 41 of the hydraulic pump P provided in the excavator A of this embodiment will be described. The hydraulic pump P needs air bleeding to prevent cavitation and seizure of the pump P. As shown in FIG. 4, a drain 42 for bleeding air is provided. A pull plug 41 is attached. In this embodiment, the air bleeding plug 41 is structured as shown in FIG. 5 so that the working oil discharged together with the air at the time of air bleeding prevents the surroundings of the pump P from being contaminated. That is, the air release plug 41 is connected to the pump body 43.
A plug base 44 screwed and fixed to the side, and the plug base 44
And a plug body 46 having an air passage 45 formed therein, and a plug cap 47 interposed between the plug base 44 and the plug body 46. 45a is an air outlet, 45b is an air inlet, 48 is an oil receiving container, and 49 is a hose for guiding hydraulic oil discharged from the air release plug 41 to the oil receiving container. Here, with further reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, when the air release plug 41 is assembled, the plug body 46 is firmly attached to the plug base 44 as shown in FIG. The air inlet 45b is closed by the inner wall 44a of the plug base 44. The air outlet 45a of the plug body 46 is covered by a plug cap 47. When bleeding air, as shown in FIG. 7, remove the plug cap 47 and connect a hose to the air outlet 45a.
Attach one end of 49 and the other end to the oil receiving container 48. If the plug body 46 is loosened and there is a gap between the air inlet 45b and the inner wall 44a of the plug base 44, the surrounding area of the hydraulic pump P will not be stained by the hydraulic oil discharged together with the air. The same effect can be obtained not only after the hydraulic pump P is attached to the excavator A, but also when air is removed when the hydraulic pump P is assembled at a factory or the like. Next, the mounting structure of the crawler frame 53 provided in the excavating machine A of this embodiment will be described. The crawler frame 53 of the crawler traveling device 2 is connected to the cross member 57 as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 58 denotes a machine frame main body mounting portion. As shown in FIG. 9, the crawler frame 53 is formed in a gate shape in cross section from an upper surface 53a, an inner side surface 53b, and an outer side surface 53c. Are formed in a slant shape having a downward slope having a predetermined inclination angle α toward the outside, and the upper end of the inner side surface 53b and the cross member 57 are connected continuously so that there is no step. By doing so, it is possible to increase the ground height of the fuselage 1 and to prevent sediment and the like from accumulating in the crawler frame 53. Conventionally, in order to increase the height above the ground, a step h is provided between the cross member 57 and the crawler frame 53 as shown in FIG.
Is provided to reinforce the connection between the two. In the present embodiment, the above-mentioned reinforcing member 59 becomes unnecessary, and the number of parts is reduced to reduce the cost. According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. That is, according to the present invention, the front end is formed at one side half of the machine frame main body, and the machine frame main body is gradually formed over the entire width of the other side half from the inner end of the front end at the other half. A fulcrum pin for retreating to form a retreat portion, and a digging work part is mounted on the retreat portion, is located behind a virtual tangent line contacting the front end of the machine frame body, and is provided on one side half of the machine frame body. It is located on the front side of the driver's seat. Therefore, it is possible to form the periphery of the driver's seat slowly and broadly on the machine frame body, and to secure a sufficiently large living space for the driver who sits in the driver's seat and performs a work operation. Can be. As a result, the driver can perform the work operation at ease, and the fatigue can be reduced.
As a result, safety can be improved. Further, the driver sitting on the driver's seat and performing a work operation can easily visually recognize the work situation of the excavation work section performing the excavation work centering on the fulcrum pin, and turn through the machine frame body. The movement of the base of the operating excavation work unit can also be easily visually recognized. Therefore, the driver can easily grasp the work situation of the excavation work section, the position of the base, and the like, and can perform the excavation work safely and efficiently. Further, since the mounting base of the digging work unit can be brought as close as possible to the center of rotation, the turning radius of the digging work unit when the digging work unit is turned to the storage state by turning it upward is reduced. It is possible to reduce the size and improve the efficiency of excavation work in a narrow place. Further, since a swing cylinder or the like can be mounted, a swing mechanism or the like can be employed, and usability can be improved. Further, since the retreating portion is formed by gradually retreating the frame body itself over the entire width of the other half from the inner end of the front end, one side of the frame body is largely cut rearward. A space for getting on and off can be ensured as compared to a case where the mounting space for the base of the excavation work section is formed without the space. When one side of the machine frame main body is largely cut rearward to form a mounting space for the base of the excavation work section, when the machine frame body is turned, grass, reeds, or Although there is a possibility that a fallen object or the like may be trapped in the mounting space, the present invention can prevent such a problem from occurring.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view of an excavator according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the same. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a fuel gauge mechanism. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement state of an air release plug. FIG. 5 is an exploded explanatory view of the air vent plug. FIG. 6 is an assembly view of the air vent plug. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram in the case of performing air bleeding. FIG. 8 is a plan view of a crawler frame. FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line II of FIG. 8; FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an attached state of a conventional crawler frame. FIG. 11 is a plan view of a conventional excavator. [Description of Signs] 4 Machine frame body 8 Boom bracket 11 Excavation bucket 22 Engine 25 Lever stand a Excavation work section e Control section

   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Sumire Yonekura             428 Enami, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture             Inside the company

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A pair of left and right crawler traveling parts (2a, 2a)
To the traveling device (2) equipped with
(4) is pivotably mounted, and the control section (e) is attached to the aircraft frame body (4).
And an excavating work machine provided with a vertically movable excavating work part (a) having an excavating bucket (11) attached to a tip thereof, wherein the machine frame body (4) is provided on one of the right and left side halves. Front end
(4b) and gradually retracting the machine frame body (4) itself over the entire width of the other half from the inner end of the front end (4b) at the other half to form a retreat (4a). The fulcrum pin (7a) for attaching the excavation work part (a) to the retreat part (4a)
Is located behind an imaginary tangent line in contact with the front end (4b) of the machine frame body (4), and is on the front side of the driver's seat (6) arranged on one side half of the machine frame body (4). An excavator, wherein the excavator is located in a part.