JP3387989B2 - Fluidized bed furnace - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
The object to be treated is burned and burned by the fluidized bed method
For fluidized bed furnaces for drying, pyrolysis or drying
It is. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Such a fluidized bed furnace is used, for example, for municipal waste.
Plastic and waste wood that are discarded as waste and factory waste
Solid waste such as wood, waste paper including cardboard, and kitchen waste
And incineration of waste such as sludge, waste oil, and sewage
It has been. Here, this type of fluidized bed furnace is generally used.
Fluidized bed is a fluidized medium, a physical property of a fluidized medium.
Actual speed operated relative to start speed (Umf)
(Superficial tower speed Uo). Sand
That is, Uo is a very large speed that is several times higher than Umf.
High-speed fluidized bed and Uo is several times less than Umf
Bubble fluidized bed with relatively low velocity compared to high-speed fluidized bed
And In a high-speed fluidized bed, Uo is large,
The body is mixed and diffused violently and flows through the fluid medium
To the outlet of the flowing fluid
Up to. The fluid medium conveyed in this manner is transferred to a fluidized bed.
As a means of returning and circulating to the outlet of the fluidized bed,
And separate the flowing medium from the flowing fluid
Lower along the inner wall of the bed to allow only the flowing fluid to flow out of the system.
The internal circulating fluidized bed for discharge and the fluidized bed are provided separately
Flow medium and flow by a moving particle collection mechanism such as a closed cyclone
Separates the moving fluid and collects the fluid medium, and returns via the return channel
External circulation fluidized bed to return to the fluidized bed
You. On the other hand, Uo is so large in a bubble fluidized bed.
Fluid medium is not fast enough to float
Stalls and descends, causing dissociation of layers.
Therefore, a dense layer or a dense layer in which the fluid medium exists at a high concentration
The part called the bed and the fluid medium are only present at low concentrations
A part called a rare layer or free board that cannot exist
And appears. Here, in a high-speed fluidized bed, the
The mixing and diffusion of the fluid medium in the system was active
Therefore, a uniform temperature can be obtained over the entire system.
This is mainly because a large amount of fluid medium moving and circulating in the system is heated.
This is because it has a function as a medium.
To be supplied as an object to be treated (incinerated)
The amount of fuel and waste, or their calorie levels
This creates a feature that is not so limited by the rules.
As a device that takes advantage of this feature, a circulating fluidized bed
Is not only already in practical use, but also
Wastewater and sludge that required pretreatment such as concentration and dehydration.
Waste can be incinerated without any pretreatment.
However, in such a high-speed fluidized bed,
Concentration of the thick layer formed in the part is not so high
Where solid fuel or solid incineration is supplied.
In this case, there is a problem that scattering is not promoted. In addition,
The size of the processed material must be large enough to flow
Is required. On the other hand, in a bubble fluidized bed,
High concentration of particles in the thick layer and relatively low Uo
Supply of solid fuel or solid incineration
Size restrictions are relaxed to a considerable extent. Toko
However, the movement and circulation of the fluid medium in the system
Incineration of sewage, sludge, etc.
Limits the amount of incineration or pretreatment such as concentration and dehydration
There is a problem that management is required. So, like this
To compensate for the problems of high-speed fluidized beds and bubble fluidized beds, for example,
JP-A-63-99490 and JP-A-5-22323
No. 0, etc., using two bubble fluidized beds with different speeds
Fluidized bed furnace or fluidized bed using high-speed fluidized bed and bubble fluidized bed together
A bed furnace has been proposed. [0006] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Among them, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 223230, an air diffuser type fluidized bed (gas
Bubble fluidized bed) and the inclination angle of the perforated air dispersion plate is 10 degrees or more.
The tilted porous air dispersion plate (with a low-speed bubble fluidized bed)
Or moving bed).
The incinerated material is supplied to the inclined porous air distribution plate.
Therefore, the relatively slow slant in the inclined porous air distribution plate portion
Gently heating the incinerated material under flowing conditions
CO emissions from lack of oxygen due to rapid release of volatiles
We are trying to prevent mass outbreaks. However, this flow
When performing incineration of sewage or sludge in a bed reactor,
These incinerators are slow flowing, inclined, porous air dispersions.
Sewage or waste water is supplied to the plate (low-speed bubble fluidized bed)
A large amount of heat is taken off when water in sludge evaporates
Fluidized bed temperature has dropped significantly, preventing continued good operation
ProblemButOccurs. On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-99490 discloses
Fluidized bed furnace (bubble fluidized bed) and spouted bed furnace (high speed fluidized bed)
Bed) has been proposed.
You. However, even in this fluidized bed furnace,
Supplied to the bubble fluidized bed via a rotary valve
Depending on the incineration, the temperature of the bubble fluidized bed may drop sharply.
I will. [0008] Thus, the flow described in each of the above publications
Even in a bed furnace, the type and condition of fuel or incineration
The type of fluidized bed applied is limited
Requires pretreatment. On the other hand, recent energy
Use of low-grade fuel in terms of resource diversification and effective use
And more aggressive energy recovery from waste
Is required. The present invention is not considered in view of the above circumstances.
The purpose of the project is to
Or, without pretreatment of various incinerated materials as much as possible,
And at the same time, the flow that makes combustion or incineration possible
An object of the present invention is to provide a moving bed furnace. [0009] [Means for Solving the Problems]
Fluidized bed furnace of the present invention
A furnace body that circulates and a workpiece that supplies the workpiece to the furnace body.
Processed material supply means and exhaust gas discharged from the furnace body
Separation means for separating solids in the air, and air to the furnace body
Incombustibles are discharged from the air supply means and the furnace body
And a discharge means for discharging the fluidized medium to the furnace body.
Very high superficial velocity relative to fluidization onset velocity
High-speed fluidized bed section and the superficial velocity in this high-speed fluidized bed section
Superficial superficial velocity that is lower and higher than the above fluidization start velocity
And a bubble fluidized bed portion havingBelow the high-speed fluidized bed section
A waste oil jet nozzle is installed in the
At the top of the sludge injection nozzle
And a sewage supply nozzle.
Solid waste in the ceiling of the section
Provide an input port to supply thingsIt is characterized by having. [0010] [0011] [0012] In the fluidized bed furnace of the present invention, each fluidized bed section is stretched.
The flowing fluid medium is air (flowing fluid) from the air supply means.
Body) and the fluidized bed is suspended
But the superficial velocity Uo is kept low in the bubble fluidized bed.
The rising flow medium stalls and descends,
Only the body reaches the high-speed fluidized bed. In addition, high-speed fluidized bed
The fluid medium that could not ride the flowing fluid
Down, but some of the fluid medium merges with the fluid
And further discharged as solids by the separation means.
Separated from the air (flowing fluid) and
It is returned to the bubble fluidized bed by external circulation. Meanwhile, both
At the bottom of the furnace below the fluidized bed, the air supply means
Fluidized bed in a floating state due to air supply from
Of the fluidized medium from the bubble fluidized bed to the high-speed fluidized bed
It moves and is supplied to the high-speed fluidized bed section. Here, the air is supplied by the processing object supply means.
Supply solid fuel or solid waste to the foam fluidized bed
And these are fluid media suspended in the bubble fluidized bed.
And violently mixed and stirred by flowing fluid
In addition, heat is supplied to evaporate and burn moisture.
Will be The solid content is reduced in size by burning,
Eventually it will disappear. Due to evaporated water and combustion
The generated gas rises with the flowing fluid as described above
And introduced into the high-speed fluidized bed. In addition, inside the bubble fluidized bed
While the solids are large, the solids
Inside the bubble fluidized bed without settling due to the buoyancy
And sedimentation gradually as the size decreases due to combustion
High speed together with the fluid medium
In addition to being brought into the fluidized bed, bubble flow along with the fluid
There is also a case where the liquid rises in the bed and is guided to the high-speed fluidized bed. The sludge is supplied by the means for supplying the material to be treated.
When waste such as wastewater and sewage is supplied to the high-speed fluidized bed,
In the fast fluidized bed, mixing and diffusion of the fluid medium
Because it is active, the water in the waste evaporates quickly.
The small flammable solid particles in the remaining waste flow at high speed.
Whether it burns from the layer part to the separation means,
The reduced size solid particles are separated by separation means.
Is separated from the flowing fluid as a solid by
It is returned to the bubble fluidized bed through the same path as the fluidized medium.
In addition, it is mixed with the above-mentioned solid fuel or solid waste.
Incombustibles are often solid fuels or solid waste
In the bubble fluidized bed against buoyancy due to its higher specific gravity
Sinks down to reach the vicinity of the bottom of the furnace body. And this furnace
The non-combustible material near the bottom flows into the high-speed fluidized bed.
Moves with the fluid and is discharged out of the system by the above discharge means
Is done. Rarely more specific than solid fuel or solid waste
There are also incombustibles with small
During the floating flow in the bubble fluidized bed,
By being more crushed and eventually being miniaturized
Separation means which rises with the flowing fluid and passes through the high-speed fluidized bed
And is separated. As described above, according to the fluidized bed furnace of the present invention,
Solid fuel or solid waste mainly in the fluidized bed
Combustion, incineration or gasification of high-speed fluidized bed
Combustion of muddy and liquid fuels or waste in parts
・ In addition to incineration or gasification, in some cases
Incineration of combustible gas generated in the bubble fluidized bed
By taking advantage of the characteristics of each fluidized bed
Efficient processing can be performed. [0016] [0017] [0018] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
An embodiment will be described. However, this embodiment is not
Waste plastic, waste wood, cardboard
Solid waste such as paper and kitchen waste, sludge, waste oil and sewage
It is used for incineration of etc. In this embodiment, the furnace
The body 1 is high-speed lined with a fire-resistant wall 2 as shown in FIG.
Fluidized bed 3 and bubble flow lined with fire-resistant wall 2
And a refractory wall 2 on the top.
The lined cyclone 5 is a separating means in this embodiment.
It is provided as. The upper part of this cyclone 5
Is a fluid flow separated from fluid particles as a fluid medium.
A fluid discharge pipe 6 for discharging the body as a discharge gas and
Outlet 7 is provided. The bubble fluidized bed 4 is located below the high-speed fluidized bed 3.
Are arranged adjacent to each other, and both fluidized bed portions 3 and 4
A partition 8 extending in the vertical direction is provided therebetween. here
The upper and lower parts of the partition wall 8 connect the two fluidized bed parts 3 and 4 to each other.
Is opened so as to communicate with the
Flowing fluid discharge gate 9 as part flow path, and lower flow path
Flow particles and the incombustible transfer gate 10
Has been established. The cyclone 5 is a high-speed fluidized bed 3
Is connected to the upper part of the
Further, the lower end of the cyclone 5 is connected to the fluidized particle return pipe 1
2 to the center of the bubble fluidized bed 4 and flow
A particle return channel 13 is formed. On the other hand, the furnace bottom 14 of the furnace body 1
The lower part goes down from the bed part 4 side to the high-speed fluidized bed part 3 side.
It is formed in the shape of a step that descends. And this hearth
The non-combustible discharge flow
A non-combustible material discharge port 16 of a discharge means is provided through a passage 15.
ing. Further, as shown in FIG.
The primary flow of the air supply means
The body ejection nozzles 17 are regularly arranged and embedded.
You. The primary fluid jet nozzle 17 has a plurality of fluid fluid jets.
An outlet hole 18 is provided, and the ejection direction X of the outlet hole 18 is the furnace bottom 1.
4, that is, below the furnace bottom 14
From + 30 ° upward with respect to the descent direction, the descent direction
Downward at an angle β up to −30 °.
It is set at 20 to 100 m / s
The air is blown at a speed. In addition, this
The air supplied to each of the jet nozzles 17 is separately controlled.
Air at any speed within the above range.
It is possible to squirt. The upper surface of the stairs formed by the furnace bottom 14
14A is also high from the bubble fluidized bed portion 4 side, like the furnace bottom portion 14.
Inclined downward toward the fast fluidized bed 3
It is an inclined surface. Here, the horizontal direction of the upper surface portion 14A
The inclination angle α to the direction is set appropriately according to design conditions, etc.
However, the jet flow velocity Vm / s of air from the jet hole 18 is
Is less than 50 m / s when the inclination angle α is 5 ° or less.
On the other hand, if the inclination angle α is more than 5 ° and not more than 20 °, 30
m / s or more and the inclination angle α is more than 20 ° and less than 30 °
Is set to 20 m / s or more, or V (m / s) -α
Assuming a (°) coordinate system, (V, α) = (50,
5) Near points passing through points (30, 20) and (20, 30)
The flow velocity V with respect to the inclination angle α
It is desirable to set a large watershed. On the other hand, waste oil is ejected to the lower part of the high-speed fluidized bed section 3.
A nozzle 19 is provided, and the waste oil
Above the nozzle 19, the secondary flowing fluid ejection nozzle of the air supply means is provided.
A plurality of slurs 20 are provided.
Are supplying air into the furnace at a speed of 15-50 m / s.
You. Further, the upper portion of the high-speed fluidized bed section 3
Sludge input nozzle 21 and sewage supply nozzle
A chisel 22 is provided. The sewage injection direction is
It is inclined toward the lower part of the high-speed fluidized bed and
The particle size of the wastewater to be used is 500 to 700
To be a few millimeters from Ron
Is set. Furthermore, the ceiling of the bubble fluidized bed 4
In the same way, solid waste is
There is an inlet 23 for feeding solid coarsely crushed
Waste can be supplied continuously. Where this
The ceiling of the bubble fluidized bed section 4 has a high-speed flow
Incline so that it goes upward as it goes to the moving layer 3 side
Is formed. In this embodiment, the temperature in the system is
In order to maintain a predetermined state, the furnace body 1 is provided with air supply means.
30 to 90% of the required air volume (theoretical air volume)
Air is supplied in the surrounding area, and the shortage is
From the secondary combustion air blower 32 in the secondary combustion furnace 31
It is made to be supplied. That is, sludge, sewage, etc.
During incineration of low-calorie waste,
Waste oil is supplied from the outlet nozzle 19, but in this case, waste oil is supplied.
70 to 90% of the theoretical air volume of incinerated material including oil
Air is supplied from the flowing fluid ejection nozzles 17 and 20.
On the other hand, high calorie waste such as waste plastic and wood
During incineration, the temperature at the top of the high-speed fluidized bed 3 is kept constant.
And supplied from the flowing fluid ejection nozzles 17 and 20
The air volume is controlled and its approximate air ratio (theoretical air volume)
(The ratio of the actual supply air amount to the actual supply air amount) is 0.3 to 0.6.
It is planned as follows. That is, in either case
The amount of air supplied to the furnace body 1 is also less than the theoretical amount of air.
Therefore, the gas discharged from the exhaust port 7 through the cyclone 5
Some of them include carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H_Two)
Contains flammable gas. In this embodiment, therefore, the cyclone 5 is provided.
The secondary combustion furnace 31 was connected to the exhaust port 7 that was exhausted.
The gas containing the combustible gas (waste gas) is supplied to the secondary combustion furnace 31.
Waste gas by supplying air again
After burning the combustible gas inside, the lower part of the secondary combustion furnace 31
The ash collection device 33 provided in the
They are trying to collect them. And this ash
The gas passing through the recovery device 33 is further cooled and cleaned.
Ash recovery device 33
Collection of fine ash that could not be collected in
Removal of harmful substances contained in
Released to the atmosphere. In addition, it shows with the code | symbol 35 in FIG.
Is a collected ash hopper, and reference numeral 36 denotes water spray for gas cooling.
A pump 37 is a water spray tank for gas cooling. Ma
Reference numerals 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, and 43
Are the solids supply screws of the workpiece supply means.
ー, waste oil supply pump, waste oil supply tank, sludge supply pump
Pump, sewage supply pump, and sewage supply tank. Sa
In addition, reference numerals 44 and 45 denote primary flows of the air supply means, respectively.
It is a blower for dynamic air and a blower for secondary flowing air.
Reference numeral 46 denotes an incombustible discharge screw of the discharge means. The fluidized-bed furnace and the attachment configured as described above
In the band equipment, the flowing particles as the flowing medium
The body 1 is inserted into the high-speed fluidized bed 3 and the bubble fluidized bed 4.
Rarely used for fluid flow and incineration
From the body ejection nozzles 17 and 20, a predetermined
Air is supplied. Thereby, the lower part of the high-speed fluidized bed part 3
Layer (hereinafter referred to as high-speed flowing thick layer)
You. A) Fluid particles stuck in A and bubble fluidized bed section 3
The child is suspended. And solid waste is solid waste
From the inlet 23, the waste oil is discharged from the waste oil ejection nozzle 19 to the sludge.
Is a sludge input nozzle 21, and sewage is a sewage supply nozzle 22.
To the bubble fluidized bed section 4 and the high-speed fluidized bed section 3 respectively.
Supplied. Here, the top temperature of the high-speed fluidized bed section 3 is set to a predetermined value.
Blow from the secondary flowing fluid jet nozzle 20 so as to reach the temperature.
The amount of air that is blown in or blown from the waste oil jet nozzle 19
The amount of waste oil introduced is controlled. Primary flowing fluid jet nozzle
17 is blown into the high-speed fluidized bed section 3
Separately from what is blown into the bubble fluidized bed 4
Or each of the ejection nozzles 17 is controlled independently.
You. In this embodiment, the gas is blown into the bubble fluidized bed portion 4.
The total amount of air is based on the use of No. 5 silica sand as flowing particles.
The average gas flow rate (Uo) of the flow path cross section of the bubble fluidized bed section 4
0.3 to 0.8 m / s.
Air blown from the body ejection nozzle 17 into the high-speed fluidized bed 3
The air volume is also high when No. 5 silica sand is used for the flowing particles.
The average gas flow velocity (Uo) of the flow path section of the fluidized bed 3
It is set to an amount corresponding to 0.5 to 1.5 m / s. The high-speed fluidized bed 3 and the bubble fluidized bed 4 are stretched.
The flowing particles suspended and suspended are high-speed flowing
Ascending in the layer portion A and the bubble fluidized bed portion 2,
In the layer part 2, because the superficial velocity Uo is kept low,
The rising fluid particles stall and descend, and the flowing fluid
Only the fluid fluid discharge gate 9 above the partition 8
Through the bubble fluidized bed section 4 in the high-speed fluidized bed section 3
Are introduced into the flowing fluid junction B. Meanwhile, various
Solid waste is discharged from the solid waste inlet 23 as described above.
It is supplied to the bubble fluidized bed section 4 and burns in the bubble fluidized bed section 4.
You. Waste containing a large amount of water, such as kitchen waste, precedes combustion
Needless to say, the process involves evaporation of water. Here, in the bubble fluidized bed section 4,
Uo is relatively small, and flowing particles flow relatively quietly.
And the particle concentration there is so large that
The waste does not settle on the furnace bottom 14 and is
The thick layer portion formed in the bubble fluidized bed portion 4 is flowed.
And during that time, the fluid is ejected from the fluid fluid ejection nozzle 17.
Combustion and gasification by oxygen in the trapped air
You. This combustion and gasification results in solid waste
When the size becomes smaller than a certain limit, some particles become fluid particles.
Along with the flowing particles and incombustibles moving gate 10
It is transferred to the fluidized bed concentrated layer section A. Also, smaller size
Most of the remaining solid waste remains in the bubble fluidized bed section 3,
Continued combustion and gasification reactions, further reducing size
I do. Then, one of the waste materials thus miniaturized
The air and air blown from the flowing fluid jet nozzle 17 are
Particles with the gas generated by combustion and combustion
And the flowing fluid discharge gate 9 together with the flowing fluid.
Through the fluidized fluid junction B of the high-speed fluidized bed 3
It is. On the other hand, the high-speed fluidized bed 3
The flowing fluid and the flowing particles that have risen in the flowing thick layer portion A are:
A secondary fluid ejecting nozzle provided in the middle of the high-speed fluidized bed 3
The speed is increased by the flowing fluid blown from the spill 20,
To reach the flowing fluid junction B. And this
From the bubble fluidized bed 2 at the fluidized fluid junction B
Further increase speed by merging with flowing fluid
And the thin layer C formed on the high-speed fluidized bed 3
Reach. It should be noted that during the period from the thick layer portion A to the thin layer portion C,
Fluid particles that could not ride the flowing fluid flow stall and become thick
It descends toward layer part A. Fluid flow that has reached the thin layer part C
The body and the fluidized particles are provided on the top of the high-speed fluidized bed 3.
Introduced into the cyclone 5 through the flowing fluid discharge channel 11
You. And in this cyclone 5, the flowing fluid and the flowing
The particles are separated and the flowing fluid passes through the flowing fluid discharge pipe 6
It is discharged from the exhaust port 7. On the other hand, flowing particles are cyclone
5, the flowing particles in the flowing particle return pipe 12 provided at the bottom
It is returned to the bubble fluidized bed section 3 through the return flow path 13 and supplied.
You. The fluidized particles in the bubble fluidized bed section 3 are as described above.
The flow blown from the primary flowing fluid jet nozzle 17
Suspended by a moving fluid, but some fluid particles are high
Moving along the furnace bottom 14 descending toward the fast fluidized bed 3
And a flow provided between the furnace bottom 14 and the lower part of the partition 8.
High-speed flowing thick layer through moving gate 10
A. The solids supplied to the bubble fluidized bed section 4
Metal pieces, stones, ceramic pieces, etc. mixed in shaped waste
The non-combustible material also has a weak flow state and is directed toward the furnace bottom 14.
The sediment is settled and moves toward the high-speed fluidized bed 3 side.
As shown in FIG. 2, the primary bottom fluid
The outlet nozzle 17 is regularly arranged along the inclination of the furnace bottom 14.
Of the furnace bottom 14 between the nozzles 17
A is a staircase having an inclination angle α with respect to the horizontal direction.
ing. Further, the nozzle 17 has
The apparent average inclination direction of the furnace bottom 14 connecting the centers, that is,
An angle with respect to the descending direction Y of the stairs formed by the furnace bottom 14
A plurality of fluid fluid ejection holes 18 having a slope of β are arranged.
From the orifice 18 at an initial velocity of Vm / s.
Qi is squirting. FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are shown in FIG.
Angle α and angle β for typical incombustible materials
It shows the relationship with the dynamic limit ejection flow velocity V. However,
In addition to the representative test sample shown in FIG.
Shape, coil shape, spherical shape and various materials of different sizes
The relationship was also examined for objects, but the representative example shown moved the most.
・ Because the result was difficult to discharge, this representative
Only the results of the example are shown. From the result of FIG.
As the inclination angle α of the surface portion 14A increases,
The incombustibles can move even if the jet flow velocity V is small.
The jet direction X of the jet port 18 is the descending direction Y of the furnace bottom 14.
Is more negative, that is, the ejection port
The eruption from 18 is applied to the upper surface 14A on the lower side of the furnace bottom 14.
Incombustibles are ejected at a smaller ejection velocity V as they are ejected toward
It is easy to move. The moving particle / incombustible transfer gate 1
0 is a high-speed fluidized thick bed from the bubble fluidized bed section 4 as described above.
To move fluid particles and incombustibles in the direction of part A
It is open. Therefore, the gate 10 has sufficient flowing particles.
Open enough to allow movement and incombustibles to pass through the opening.
Must have mouth area and opening height. Therefore
The inventors of the present invention set the gate 10 in the bubble fluidized bed 4
In the width direction (direction perpendicular to the drawing in FIG. 1)
The opening area is changed by changing the height.
Conducted an experiment to investigate the movement of flowing particles and incombustibles
Was. As a result, in the case of the noncombustible material shown in FIG.
If the section height is not more than 100 mm, it can pass through the gate 10
Conversely, when the opening height is 250 mm or more,
The air blown into the thick layer portion A enters the bubble fluidized bed portion 4.
As a result, a change occurs in the air ratio in the section 4,
Phenomenon that the temperature of the bubble fluidized bed part 4 rises
Was. Also, the limit of the opening when no incombustibles are contained
The height was 50 mm. That is, if less than 50mm
As the pressure difference above and below the fluidized bed 4 increases,
The pressure difference between the top and bottom of the high-speed flow thickened section A becomes smaller.
However, at 50 mm or more, no change in pressure difference was observed in both parts.
won. This means that if the opening height is less than 50 mm, bubbles
Fluid particles are sufficiently introduced from the fluidized bed portion 2 to the high-speed fluidized thickened layer portion A.
Not fed, while high-speed flow from the flowing particle return pipe 12
Fluid particles transported from the layer section 3 through the cyclone 5
Since it is supplied to the bubble fluidized bed 4,
Up and down the part
The pressure difference at
In the moving thickened layer portion A, it is supplied from the bubble fluidized bed portion 3
The dense bed to reduce the amount of flowing particles below that discharged
This shows that the fluid particle holding amount in the part A decreases.
When the experiment was further repeated, the discharge gate
The height of the gate 10 is 1.25 to 1.
Good results at 4 times or more and 3.1 to 3.6 times or less
Obtained. Also, the opening area of the discharge gate 10 and the flow
The amount of particles returned from the particle return pipe 12 and the discharge gate
For the relationship with the velocity of the particles passing through
The cross-sectional area is approximately 10 times the weight of the returned particles.
Large enough to allow a small amount of flowing particles to pass at a speed of 30 cm / s or less
Results in good movement
was gotten. On the other hand, the primary fluidized
The air blown from the body ejection nozzle 17
Flow and incineration / gasification of solid waste supplied to the section
Gas generated by the incineration and gasification
The air flows together with the air (flowing fluid) as described above.
From the layer section 4 through the flowing fluid discharge gate 9 above the partition 8
Fluid fluid provided in the middle of the high-speed fluidized bed 3
It reaches the flow section B. Here, the bubble fluidized bed section 4 is as described above.
Where there is a high concentration of fluidized particles in the
B) a bubble flow in which D and flowing particles can exist only at low concentrations
Part of the upper space of the moving layer part 2 (dilute layer, free board) E
And the above in this free board
If the gas residence time is too short, i.e. a bubble fluidized bed
The upper end surface of the fluidized particle in a concentrated state and the flowing fluid in the part 4
If the distance from the lower end surface of the discharge gate 9 is short,
Between the high-speed fluidized bed section 3 and the bubble fluidized bed section 4
Fluid particles will come and go between them. And to it
At the same time, the solid waste mentioned above also flows into the high-speed fluidized bed section 3.
And the flow of the flowing particles in the high-speed flowing thick layer part A.
The problem that the property falls is arisen. Then, the gas of this free board
Residence time and solid waste through flowing fluid discharge gate 9
Investigation of the inflow of
If the residence time of the gas in the
In other words, the dense state of the particles in the bubble fluidized bed 4
The distance between the upper end surface of the fluid fluid discharge gate 9 and the lower end surface of the
If it is 0.35 m or more, solid waste will
Infiltration into the high-speed fluidized bed A
Was. In the present embodiment, the opening area of the gate 9 is reduced.
By making it less than half of the cross-sectional area of
In other words, the gas velocity at the freeboard (superficial velocity Uo)
Secure an area that allows the flowing fluid to pass at least twice as large as
Flow particles from the high-speed fluidized bed section 3 to the bubble fluidized bed section 4
The result is that excessive inflow of children can be prevented.
Was done. As a result of further investigation,
In a moving bed furnace, the cross-sectional area of the gate 9 is defined as the bubble fluidized bed.
Flow at a higher speed than the superficial velocity Uo in part 4
High-speed flow by setting the cross-sectional area to allow the moving fluid to pass
The backflow of the flowing particles from the bed 3 to the bubble fluidized bed 4 is necessary.
It came to the result that it could be suppressed in minutes. Note that the fluidized particle return pipe 12 is
This is because the fluidized particles in the bubble fluidized bed section 4 exist in a concentrated state.
It is desirable to extend the return pipe
12 is provided at the lower end of the fluidized particle return flow path 13
And the flowing particles are maintained in a concentrated state,
The air ejected from the fluid ejection nozzle 17 is used for the bubble fluidized bed portion.
4 to cyclone 5 via fluidized particle return channel 13
The backflow phenomenon can be prevented. In addition, the partition 8
As for the upper part, the partition wall 8 is attached to the ceiling of the bubble fluidized bed 4.
To the bubble fluidized bed 4
The upper part communicates with the high-speed fluidized bed part 3 and is connected to the upper flow path.
You may make it. Furthermore, in this embodiment,
Industrial waste at an arbitrary ratio and the fluidized bed furnace
The case of baking was described. Therefore, in this embodiment,
To ensure thermal equilibrium in the fluidized bed furnace.
No heat tube is provided, and a secondary part is located downstream of the fluidized bed furnace.
A fuel furnace 31 and the like are provided. Therefore, the fluidized bed furnace
When complete incineration is required, the heat
Any of the moving bed part 3, the bubble fluidized bed part 4, and the cyclone 5
By providing in any part or all parts,
Complete incineration is achieved while maintaining thermal equilibrium. FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment described above, the external
In contrast to a circulating fluidized bed furnace, such external circulation
Of the present invention applied to an internal circulating fluidized bed furnace without a system
It is. However, in this embodiment, the embodiment shown in FIG.
The same reference numerals are assigned to parts common to the examples, and the description is simplified.
Become In the furnace body 51 of this embodiment, a bubble fluidized bed
Two parts are provided around the high-speed fluidized bed part 3 so as to sandwich it.
And the high-speed flow
Partition walls 8 and 8 are provided between the moving layer portion 3. Further
In addition, a flowing fluid discharge gate 9 is provided above the partition walls 8 and 8,
In the lower part, there is a flow particle and incombustible discharge gate 10 respectively.
To form an upper channel and a lower channel.
I have. Furthermore, the furnace bottom part 14 of the furnace body 41
As going from the fluidized bed sections 4 and 4 to the high-speed fluidized bed section 3
The high-speed fluidized bed section 3 is inclined in a stepwise manner descending downward.
A noncombustible material discharge passage 15 is provided at its lowest part located immediately below
A non-combustible material discharge port 16 of the discharge means is provided.
And in this embodiment, the cyclone in the external circulation system
Instead, a labyrinth 52 is provided near the top of the high-speed fluidized bed section 3.
The labyrinth 52 provides a flow
The separation between the body and the fluidized particles is performed, and the separation in the present embodiment is performed.
A separating means is configured. In the fluidized bed furnace having such a structure, the gas
The flowing fluid that has been supplied to the bubble fluidized bed section 4 and has risen,
It is supplied to the bubble fluidized bed section 4 and incinerated, crushed, and
Of solid waste that has been
9 to the fluidized fluid junction B of the high-speed fluidized bed 3
The fluid and the fluid particles which have risen in the high-speed fluidized bed 3 here
And further ascends to reach the labyrinth 52.
The labyrinth 52 causes the flowing fluid and the flowing particles.
Particles and micro-sized solid waste are separated,
The flowing fluid is discharged from the exhaust port 7 through the flowing fluid discharge passage 11.
While the flowing particles and fine solid waste are
1 to return to the bubble fluidized bed 4
Be paid. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
The same operation and effect as those of the embodiment shown in FIGS.
It is possible to get fruit. [0040] As described above, according to the fluidized bed furnace of the present invention,
For example, select the fluidized bed to be supplied according to the type of workpiece.
Pretreatment of a wide variety of fuels or waste
Can be arbitrarily treated without performingDepartmentFeatures of
Can be fully utilized.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a furnace body 1 of a fluidized bed furnace showing one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of a primary flowing fluid ejection nozzle 17 employed in the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an outline of peripheral equipment in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 4 shows a typical moving condition of the non-combustible material in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as an inclination angle α of an upper surface portion 14A of a furnace bottom 14 and a primary flowing fluid ejection hole 18 with respect to a descending direction Y of the furnace bottom 14.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between an angle β of the jetting direction X of the jetting air and a jet air flow velocity V from the jetting hole 18. FIG. 5 (a) is an explanatory view of the points shown on FIG. 4, and (b)
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a representative incombustible substance in FIG. 4. FIG. 6 shows a furnace body 5 of a fluidized bed furnace showing another embodiment of the present invention.
1 is a schematic view of FIG. [Description of Signs] 1,51 Furnace main body 3 High-speed fluidized bed section 4 Bubble fluidized bed section 5 Cyclone (separating means) 8 Partition wall 9 Flowing fluid discharge gate (upper flow path) 10 Flowing particle, incombustibles transfer gate (lower flow path) 13 Flowing particle return channel 14 Furnace bottom 16 Noncombustible material discharge port (discharge means) 17, 20 Flowing fluid discharge nozzle (air supply means) 18 Flowing fluid discharge hole 19 Waste oil discharge nozzle (processing target supply means) 21 Sludge input Nozzle (treatment object supply means) 22 Sewage supply nozzle (treatment object supply means) 23 Solid fuel, solid waste input port (treatment object supply means) 52 Labyrinth (separation means)

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Misao Igarashi 2-17-15 Tsukuda, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Tsukishima Kikai Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-1-260206 (JP, A) JP-A-55-118515 (JP, A) JP-A-4-227403 (JP, A) JP-A-2-290403 (JP, A) JP-A-47-3986 (JP, A) JP-A-48-24576 (JP, A) 1984-81933 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F23G 5/30 ZAB F23C 10/02 F23G 7/04 602

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] A furnace body through which a fluid medium circulates, an object supply means for supplying an object to the furnace body, and an exhaust gas discharged from the furnace body Separation means for separating solid matter, air supply means for supplying air to the furnace body, and discharge means for discharging incombustibles from the furnace body, wherein the furnace body has a fluidized medium A high-speed fluidized bed portion having an extremely high superficial superficial velocity with respect to the start speed, and a bubble fluidized bed portion having a superficial superficial speed lower than the superficial superficial speed and higher than the fluidization start speed in the high-speed fluidized bed portion A waste oil jet nozzle is provided below the high-speed fluidized bed.
And the upper part of the high-speed fluidized bed is covered with
Sludge injection nozzle and sewage supply nozzle as treated material supply means
Is provided on the ceiling of the bubble fluidized bed.
Supplies solid waste in the above-mentioned treated material supply means
Fluidized-bed furnace, wherein the inlet is al provided.