JP3383056B2 - Rail welding automatic finishing device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention automatically finishes (grinds) a welded portion of a railroad rail (a portion connected by welding to lengthen the rail) for the purpose of removing excess thickness. It is a device for applying.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, rails, which are railroad tracks,
It is often lengthened (long rail) for the purpose of speeding up the vehicle, improving riding comfort and reducing noise. To lengthen the rail, the ends of the rail are joined by welding, and the wheel and its brim contact at the head of the rail (from the horizontal tread at the top to the vertical planes on both sides of the weld). (Obtained portion) is smoothly finished by grinding.

[0003] The work of connecting rails at a laying site is a tough work that is carried out at midnight when there is little traffic of vehicles, regardless of the weather. Above all, it is skill and physical strength to finish the welded part by grinding. And the burden on the operator is particularly heavy. Therefore, conventionally, many devices and apparatuses have been proposed for the purpose of reducing the finishing work of the rail welded portion.

The apparatus shown in FIG. 4 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-51906.
It is an automatic finisher for rail welded parts described in Japanese Patent Publication No. This device is carried by an operator together with the fixed frame 110 and installed at a predetermined position near the welded portion, and then the grinder 1
If 40 is started, the head part Ab of the welded part of the rail A
It is configured to automatically grind the entire circumference of. That is, as shown, a grinder 140 for grinding.
Is attached to a traveling frame (moving frame) 120, and the traveling frame 120 moves in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail A along a frame 110 corresponding to the shape of the head Ab. The longitudinal direction of the traveling frame 120 is the surface of the rail head Ab (contact portion of the grindstone 141 of the grinder 140).
Since it moves around the head Ab while maintaining a posture that is at a right angle to, the feed amount (cut) of the grinder 140 is accurately controlled and the entire circumference of the head Ab is appropriately ground. In addition, in order for the traveling frame 120 to move in this manner, the frame 1
Two pinions (gears) 121 and 122 are engaged with two racks 111 and 112 on the inside and outside, respectively, and they are separate (that is, two) servomotors 123 and 124.
It is driven while being speed controlled.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is important that an automatic welding portion finishing apparatus which is used at a rail laying site is as light as possible and easy to handle. Light weight is required because the equipment must be transported to another weld once the weld is finished.
Ease of handling is a request due to being used at night and the like regardless of the weather. It is difficult for failures to occur,
It goes without saying that low manufacturing costs are desirable.

However, in such a point, the automatic finishing apparatus shown in FIG. 4 has not sufficiently met the user's request. The main reason for this is that two servo motors that perform complicated control are used to move the traveling frame (including the grinder). That is, since there are two servo motors, the finishing device has a considerable weight and cost, and the structure of the control system is not simple, so that the cost is also required. In addition, the complicated control system, compared to the simple mechanical configuration,
There are many restrictions on use such as many precautions against rainwater, heat, shock, magnetic force, etc., and it is not always preferable in terms of ease of handling.

An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic finishing apparatus which is preferable in terms of weight, cost, easiness of handling, etc. by using a single motor for moving the traveling frame and simplifying its control. Therefore, it is to facilitate the finishing work of the rail welding portion at the laying site.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A rail welded portion automatic finishing device of the present invention comprises a fixed frame installed at a predetermined position with respect to the rail, and a plane supported by the fixed frame and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail. A rail welding part automatic finishing device having a traveling frame that moves around a rail head and a grinder that is attached to the traveling frame and grinds the rail head, in order to grind a curved surface portion of the rail head, a) Attach an inward rack (arc-shaped rack) having a pitch circle radius R _i centered on the center of curvature of the curved surface portion and an outward rack (same) having a pitch circle radius _{Ro to} the fixed frame, b ) An inner pinion and an outer pinion that engage with the inward rack and the outward rack of a) above are provided in the traveling frame, and these pinions are set to the peripheral speed (π
X diameter of pitch circle x number of revolutions on traveling frame) v _i and v _o (v _i is inner pinion, v _o is outer pinion) v _o / v _i = R _o / R _It is connected to one motor on the traveling frame via a power transmission means denoted by _i . As the power transmission means referred to in this b), a gear, a transmission including them (for example, a transmission similar to an automobile transmission), or the like can be used.

The automatic finishing apparatus further comprises: (c) to grind the flat portion of the rail head together, and c) in the range corresponding to the flat portion, the inward rack of the above a). While the above-mentioned outward rack is not provided with teeth in that range, and instead a linear partial outward rack is provided in parallel with the inward rack at other positions in that range, d) In addition to the inner pinion and outer pinion of b) above, an outer pinion for straight line that meshes with the partial rack of c) is provided in the traveling frame, and the outer pinion for straight line is set to the peripheral speed v _ox of the pitch circle of the inner pinion. It is preferable to connect the motor to the above-mentioned motor through a power transmission means that is equal to the peripheral speed v _i (that is, v _ox = v _i ).

Alternatively, as described in claim 3, e) the two racks facing inward and outward of the above a) have equal pitch circle radii over the range corresponding to the entire circumference of the rail head (that is, R _i = R). _o ) and attach them to the fixed frame at different positions, and f) equalize the peripheral speeds of the inner and outer pinions that mesh with the inward and outward racks (that is, v _i
= V _o ) _-is also good.

[0011]

With respect to the rail which has been welded at the laying site or the like, the automatic finishing of the welded portion by this device can be performed as follows. That is, first, the fixed frame is installed at a predetermined position with respect to the welded portion of the rail, and the device is activated. Then, the grinder moves around the rail head in a plane (transverse cross section of the rail) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail together with the traveling frame while bringing the rotating grindstone into contact with the welded portion of the rail head. Grind the welded portion of the head all around (that is, the tread of the rail head and both side surfaces thereof). When finishing is completed for one welded part, operation is stopped, the device is once removed from the rail together with the fixed frame, transported to another welded part, the fixed frame is installed there, and the above is repeated.

The traveling frame to which the grinder is attached moves around the rail head by using one motor as a drive source. The mechanism is as follows. That is, 1) the one motor drives both the inner pinion and the outer pinion through the power transmission means as in the above b). 2) An inward rack and an outward rack are attached to the fixed frame as described in a) above, and since the inner pinion and outer pinion described above are engaged with each other, those pinions must be driven. Causes the traveling frame to move along the rack. 3) As described in a) above, both inward and outward racks have the same center of pitch circle and coincide with the center of curvature of the curved surface to be ground, so the peripheral speed of both the inner and outer pinions is appropriate. The traveling frame smoothly moves along the track corresponding to the curved surface portion while always maintaining a constant angle with respect to the normal line on the surface of the rail (curved surface portion to be ground). Since the traveling frame moves in this way, it is possible to accurately control the amount of grinding by the grinder, and the device can properly finish the welded portion of the rail head.

As for the peripheral speeds of the pinions, the peripheral speeds v _i (inner pinion) and v _o (outer pinion) are determined by the power transmission means as described in b) above. You can move as in 3).
Because the pitch circle radii of the racks facing inward and outward are R _i and R _o , respectively, and the peripheral velocities of the inner and outer pinions meshing with them are v _i and v _o , respectively. The angular velocity at which the meshing points of the respective pinions move (the angular velocity around the center of the pitch circles of both racks) is v _i / R _i for the inner pinion and v _o / R _o for the outer pinion. If the relationship of v _o / v _i = R _o / R _i is satisfied, then v _o = v _i × R _o / R _i, so the angular velocity for the outer pinion is v _o / R _o = (v _i × R _o / R _i ) / R _o = v _i / R _i , which matches the angular velocity for the inner pinion. Therefore, the central axes of both the inner and outer pinions move at the same angular velocity around the center of curvature of the curved surface portion of the rail, and are always kept in the plane including the center of curvature. Therefore, the traveling frame moves smoothly while maintaining the preferable posture as described above, regardless of the rotation speed of the motor. Since there is only one motor, the device is lightweight and easy to carry, and since it is not necessary to control the speed of the motor in particular, the control system is simple, low cost, and easy to handle.

In the case where grinding is continued from the portion having the radius of curvature r ₁ of the rail head portion to the portion having the radius of curvature r ₂ (naturally, the centers of curvature of both portions do not match), the centers of curvature do not match. Therefore, both pinions move to a portion where the ratios R _o / R _{i of the} pitch circle radii are not the same. In such a case, the peripheral speed ratio v _o / v _i is changed by using, for example, a transmission (such as that for an automobile) as the power transmission means (for example, from R _o1 / R _i1 to R _o2 / R _i2) . It is advisable to change) or mesh another rack and pinion at the corresponding portion according to claim 2.

In claim 1, "to grind a curved surface portion" is described, but it is also possible to grind a flat surface portion. In the plane portion, R _i = ∞, R _o = R _i + w = ∞ (w is the distance between both inward and outward racks), and when R _i → ∞, R _o / R _i = (R _i + w) / R _i = 1 + w
Since / R _i → 1, the peripheral speed ratio of the inner pinion and the outer pinion may be set to v _o / v _i = R _o / R _i = 1 by means of a transmission or the like.

The automatic finishing device according to the second aspect can smoothly grind a flat surface portion of the rail head portion, for example, following the curved surface portion. It can be explained as follows. In the range corresponding to the flat surface portion to be ground, the inward rack and the inner pinion mesh with each other, while the outward rack has no teeth in that range as described in c) above, so there is a separately provided outward rack and d). Meshes with the straight outer pinion. Both the inward rack and the outward partial rack in that range are straight (parallel) and parallel, and the linear outer pinion that meshes with the partial rack has a peripheral speed v _{ox of} which the inner pinion is set by the power transmission means. Peripheral speed v
is equal to _i . Since the two pinions that mesh with the two parallel racks rotate at the same peripheral speed,
The traveling frame including those pinions naturally moves smoothly while maintaining a certain posture. This claim 2
In the case of the device of (3), if the inner pinion and the outer pinion / outer pinion for straight line are always rotated at a constant speed, no rotation speed adjustment or gear shifting is required. Therefore, there is an advantage that the control system is simple and the operation is easy.

As in the above case, the flat surface portion is essentially the same as the curved surface portion (the radius of curvature is only ∞).
Therefore, the apparatus according to claim 2 can be applied to the case of grinding another curved surface portion having a different curvature in place of the flat surface portion. In addition, it is also possible to configure the device by reversing the inside and outside of the rack and pinion from the one expressed in claim 2, such as providing a partial rack inward and providing a linear pinion inside so as to mesh with it. While possible.

The apparatus according to claim 3 is the apparatus according to claim 1 configured in a more special manner. That is, the two racks facing inward and outward are set at different positions with the same pitch circle radii R _i and R _o as in the above e) (however, the centers of both pitch circles correspond to the rail head). It is provided to match the center of curvature of the curved surface portion). In this way, the preferable peripheral velocities v _i and v _o of the inner and outer pinions meshing with the racks are v _o / v _i = R _o / R _i = for any curved surface part (and flat surface part). It becomes 1 ∴ v _o = v _i. Therefore, if both pinions are driven with v _o = v _i as described in f) above, the traveling frame maintains a favorable posture and smoothly for all curved surface portions and flat surface portions without changing the peripheral speed. Moving. The configuration is simple because there are no partial racks or additional pinions, but
After all, since there is no need to control the number of revolutions or change gears, there are advantages in the configuration and operability of the control system.

[0019]

1 and 2 show an automatic finishing apparatus 1 which is a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view conceptually showing the device 1 in operation, and FIG. 2 (a) is a front view of the device 1 as seen by cutting a main part at a plane (transverse section) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail A, And (b) is a side view of the device 1 viewed from the side of the rail A.

First of all, the apparatus 1 is shown in FIG.
Fixed frame 10, running frame 20, grinder 4 shown in
0, and the grinder operation unit 30 shown in FIG. Among these, the fixed frame 10 has a guide 10a integrated with the frame 10 deposited on the rail A in the vicinity of the welded portion Aa of the rail A as shown in (b), and is fixed by a bolt 10b or the like as shown in (a). It is fixedly installed by being locked. The traveling frame 20 is
Along the fixed frame 10 installed in this way, it moves around the head portion Ab (the uppermost tread surface shown in FIG. 3A and both side surfaces thereof) of the welded portion Aa. As shown in (b) of the traveling frame 20, the feeding mechanism 31, the copying roller 32, and the feeding frame 3 are provided.
3. A grinder operating unit 30 including a weaving mechanism 34 and the like is attached, and a grinder 40 having a rotary grindstone 41 is also provided. Therefore, grinder 4
0 is an appropriate feed (cut) sequentially by the operation unit 30
While carrying out the weaving and weaving, it moves around the welded portion Aa (head portion Ab) together with the traveling frame 20 to perform proper grinding finish. Note that the head Ab of the rail A is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), there are substantially vertical plane portions p on both left and right sides, and an uppermost plane portion (portion that can be regarded as a plane) q, and there is a curved surface portion having a radius of curvature r between them.

Now, if the head Ab of the rail A is properly finished by using the grinder 40 as described above,
Wherever the traveling frame 20 is, it is preferable that the feed direction of the grinder 40 is perpendicular to the surface of the head Ab (on the normal line to the surface). For that purpose, the angle (posture) of the traveling frame 20 with respect to the normal line of the surface needs to be constant during the movement along the frame 10. The automatic finishing device 1 has the following configuration in order to satisfy the condition for maintaining the posture of the traveling frame 20 while moving the traveling frame 20 by the single motor 25.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, an inward rack (inner teeth) 11 is formed on a surface of the fixed frame 10 which faces inward (a side surrounding the rail A), while an outward rack (surface) faces outward. The outer teeth) 12 are formed. Rack 11, 12
Of the rack 11 and the center of curvature of the curved portion of the rail A within the range of the curved portion of the radius of curvature r as shown in FIG. 2A. Concentric arcuate shape with center (pitch circle radius is R _i
・ R _o ). However, the plane portions p and q
For the range of, the inward rack 11 is made straight and is continuous to the portion of the pitch circle radius R _i , and the outward rack 1
1 has toothless recesses 12a and 12b respectively, and instead, linear partial outward racks 13 and 14 parallel to the inward rack 11 are separately provided. The racks 11, 12, 13, and 14 have the same tooth size (module).

The traveling frame 20 is provided with a plurality of pinions that mesh with the rack, and these are driven by a single motor 25 with a speed reducer. As the pinion, as shown in FIG. 1, the above-mentioned inward rack 11
An inner pinion 21 that meshes with the outer pinion 22, an outer pinion 22 that meshes with the outward rack 12, and a partial rack 13.1.
A straight pinion 23 that meshes with the 4 is provided. The outer pinion 22 and the straight pinion 23 are integrally superposed and directly connected to the output shaft of the motor 25, and the inner pinion 21 is connected via two gears 24 having the same number of teeth. Pinion 21.
22 and 23 mesh with the racks of the same module, so that the modules are the same, and since the two intermediate gears 24 have the same number of teeth, the rotation speeds are also the same. However, regarding the diameter (pitch circle diameter), the inner pinion 2
1 and the straight pinion 23 have the same diameter,
The diameter of the outer pinion 22 is
The pitch circle of the rack 11 and 12 radius R _i · R _o based on the R _o
/ R _i times the diameter. Since all the pinions 21, 22 and 23 have the same rotation speed, the ratio of the diameter is nothing but the ratio of the peripheral speed of the pitch circle. Further, since the power is transmitted through the meshing of the two gears 24, the inner pinion 21, the outer pinion 22, and the straight pinion 2
The direction of the peripheral speed with respect to 3 is symmetrical, and racks 11, 12, and 13
・ Common to 14

When the traveling frame 20 moves around the head part Ab of the rail A, the inner pinion 21 always keeps the inward rack 1.
Although the outer pinion 22 is engaged with the outer pinion 22 only in the range corresponding to the curved surface portion (the radius of curvature r),
The straight line pinion 23 meshes with the partial rack 13 or 14 instead in the plane part pq. In the curved portion, the inner pinion 21 and the outer pinion 22 mesh with the inward rack 11 and the outward rack 12, respectively, and the peripheral speed ratio of both pinions 21 and 22 (v _o /
v _i ) is the ratio of the pitch radii of the racks 11 and 12 (R _o /
It is extremely smooth because it is equal to R _i ). The inner pinion 21 and the straight pinion 2 in the plane portion pq
3 and inward rack 11 and partial rack 1 respectively
The state of meshing with 3 · 14 is also smooth because they mesh at the same peripheral speed on parallel racks. Moreover, the tangent direction of the racks 11, 12, 13, 14 is
Since it always forms a right angle with the direction of the normal line to the surface of the head Ab of the rail A, such pinion 21, 22, 23
The direction of the traveling frame 20 moved by the
It is always kept at a constant angle to its normal above. Needless to say, when the traveling frame 20 moves while maintaining a constant posture in this way, it is possible to accurately and easily manage the cutting (cutting) and the pitch feed of the grinder 40 by the grinder operating unit 30, and it is possible to achieve an appropriate grinding finish. It is possible.

Next, FIG. 3 shows an automatic finishing apparatus 2 as a second embodiment of the present invention. This device 2 is also composed of a fixed frame 60, a traveling frame 70, a grinder 90, a grinder operating part 80, etc., and is used in the same manner as the device 1 shown in FIGS. Grind Ab. The traveling frame 70 is also driven by one motor 75 and moves around the head Ab while maintaining a constant posture. However, because of the structure of the device 1, a rack on the fixed frame 60 and a pinion in the traveling frame are provided. About.

First, regarding the rack, two racks 61 and 62 facing inward and outward are divided into positions on the front and back sides of a fixed frame 60 formed in an arcuate shape as in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A. ,
Moreover, the tooth tips are provided so that the diameters and positions of the pitch circles are the same while the orientations of the tooth tips are opposite to those facing inward and outward. These are continuously provided over the entire circumference of the head part Ab of the rail A, that is, in correspondence with both the curved surface part and the flat surface part, and the direction in which the teeth are aligned is perpendicular to the normal line to the head part Ab everywhere. is there.

Regarding the pinions in the traveling frame 70, no special ones such as a straight pinion are attached, and the inner pinion 71 and the outer pinion 72 are engaged so as to mesh with the inward and outward racks 61 and 62, respectively. Is provided. Since the two pinions 71 and 72 are connected so that the sizes (diameters of pitch circles) are equal and the rotational speeds are also the same, the peripheral speeds of the two are always the same. By driving the pinions 71 and 72 by one motor 75, the traveling frame 70 smoothly keeps a constant angle with respect to the normal line that stands on the surface of the head Ab of the rail A while keeping a smooth angle around the head Ab. Move to. It is natural in the linear part corresponding to the flat part of the head part Ab, but also in the curved part, since the pitch circles of both the inward and outward racks 61, 62 are common (same diameter, same position), Both pinions 71
This is because the meshing point of 72 moves at the same angular velocity with respect to each rack 61, 62, and the line segment connecting the centers of both pinions 71, 72 is always kept at a right angle to the surface of the head Ab.

[0028]

The automatic finishing apparatus of the present invention has the same advantages as the conventional apparatus (see FIG. 4) that can automatically grind and finish the entire circumference of the rail head without requiring the heavy labor of a skilled worker. In addition, it has a remarkable effect in that it can be constructed at low cost and is particularly easy to use at a rail laying site. That is, 1) Since the traveling frame equipped with the grinder moves by using one motor as a drive source and a complicated control system is not required for the movement, the device can be constructed at low cost and is lightweight. If it is lightweight, it is naturally easy to carry the device from one weld to another. It is not necessary to use an expensive and heavy special motor such as a servo motor as the motor.

2) Since the control system is simple, there are few parts that require special attention in handling, it is hard to break down, and it is easy for an unfamiliar operator to operate, so when working in the rain or at night. Is extremely preferable for use including.

3) In the case of the apparatus of claim 2 or 3, the configuration of the control system is simpler and the operation is easier.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view conceptually showing an automatic finishing device 1 which is a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 (a) is a front view of the device 1 in which a main part is cut along a plane (transverse section) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail A, and FIG.
(b) is a side view of the device 1 as viewed from the side of the rail A.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing an automatic finishing device 2 which is a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a conventional automatic finishing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1.2 Automatic finishing device 10.60 fixed frame 11.61 Inward rack 12.62 Outward rack 13 ・ 14 Outward partial rack 20.70 running frame 21.71 Inner pinion 22.72 outer pinion 23 Outer pinion for straight line 25.75 motor 40/90 grinder A rail Aa weld Ab head

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kyoji Tsujita 3-1, 1-1 Higashikawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Inside the Kobe factory (72) Inventor Yasuhiro Yamazaki Higashi-kawasaki, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo 3-1-1, Kawasaki Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. Inside the Kobe Factory (72) Inventor Tadachi Yabuuchi 3-1-1, Higashikawasakicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Inside the Kobe Factory (56) 5-258340 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E01B 31/17

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fixed frame installed at a predetermined position with respect to the rail, a traveling frame supported by the fixed frame and moving around the rail head in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail, and the traveling frame. A rail welding part automatic finishing device having a grinder attached to a rail for grinding a rail head, and a pitch circle radius R _i centered on a curvature center of the curved surface part for grinding a curved surface part of the rail head.
Inward racks and outward racks having a pitch circle radius R _o are provided in the fixed frame, and inner and outer pinions that engage with the inward racks and the outward racks are provided in the traveling frame. The pinion is connected to one motor on the traveling frame via a power transmission means for setting the peripheral speeds v _i and v _o of each pitch circle as v _o / v _i = R _o / R _i. Rail welding part automatic finishing device. 2. In order to grind the plane portion of the rail head together, the above-mentioned inward rack is made straight in a range corresponding to the plane portion, while the outer rack is not provided with teeth in that range. Alternatively, a linear outward facing partial rack may be provided elsewhere in the range parallel to the inward facing rack, and in addition to the inner and outer pinions described above, a linear outer pinion that engages with the partial rack. 2. The linear frame outer pinion is connected to the motor via a power transmission member that makes the peripheral speed v _ox of the pitch circle equal to the peripheral speed v _i of the inner pinion. Rail welding part automatic finishing device. 3. The two racks facing inward and outward are attached to the fixed frame at different positions with equal pitch circle radii over the range corresponding to the entire circumference of the rail head, and these racks facing inward The rail welding portion automatic finishing device according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral speeds of the inner pinion and the outer pinion meshing with the outward racks are equal.