JP3381971B2 - Garbage processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to reducing the volume and weight of garbage such as food left from food factories, hotels, restaurants, employee cafeterias, apartment houses, and the like. To prevent garbage from spoiling,
Further, the present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus for making garbage reusable as a raw material such as fertilizer and feed. [0002] In recent years, the above-mentioned garbage such as garbage has caused problems on the user side, such as decay, an increase in the garbage storage area, and an increase in the handling fee of the processor. Have problems such as increased collection and transportation costs, labor shortages, etc., and local governments have problems such as incinerators and landfill measures. It has become a challenge. To this end, the present applicant has filed Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 3-285036 to reduce the volume of garbage,
A garbage disposal system has been proposed to reduce weight and prevent rot, and to make it reusable for raw materials such as fertilizer and feed. Referring to FIG. 4, the garbage processing apparatus is generally composed of a hopper 51 for charging garbage, a crushing and dewatering apparatus 52, a drying vessel 53, a deodorizing furnace 55 having a burner 54, a first heat exchanger. 56, a second heat exchanger 57, a blower fan 58, and filters 59 and 60. The crushing and dewatering device 52 is a chopper type crushing machine, and is a screw-type compression conveying section 52 driven by an electric motor (not shown).
a, a cutter 52b and a perforated plate 52c. In the drying container 53, a stirrer 63 having a rotating shaft 61 driven by an electric motor (not shown) and a cutting blade 62 provided on the rotating shaft 61 is provided. Drying container 5
A refuse storage container 64 is attached to the lower part of 3, and an opening / closing lid 65 is disposed above the drying container 53 directly above. The opening / closing lid 65 is opened / closed by an electric motor (not shown). When the burner 54 and the blower fan 58 are operated, the outside air is heated by the air passing through the exhaust pipe 68 in the heat exchanger 56, and is supplied into the drying vessel 53 through the hot air supply pipe 66. The high-temperature air is insulated and cooled by coming into contact with the garbage in the drying container 53, and the humid air having absorbed the garbage moisture is sent to the heat exchanger 57 via the drying air discharge pipe 67, where it is sent to the heat exchanger 57. After being heated by the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe 68, it is sent to the burner 54. This heated air is used as combustion air in the deodorizing furnace 55, and the odor contained in the discharged air is heated and decomposed and exhausted to the outside. On the other hand, garbage is stored in the hopper 51
And crushed and dewatered by the crushing and dewatering device 52,
The garbage is sent into the drying container 53 and is stirred in the drying container 53 by the stirring device 63. The garbage dried in the drying container 53 is stored in the garbage storage container 64 by opening the opening / closing lid 65. You. [0005] By the way, garbage is a mixture of various foods, and the factors of rot and odor generation differ depending on the water activity aw of each food. Here, the water activity aw is: aw = steam pressure of food / saturated steam pressure of air. It is said that drying is preferably performed so that the water activity aw is about 0.2 to 0.6. This is because, if the water activity is too small, the lipid is oxidized to accelerate the deterioration. Therefore, it is necessary to dry the water activity to a predetermined value. Therefore, the inlet temperature T of the drying vessel 53
_The amount of combustion in the deodorizing furnace 55 is controlled so that _IN is constant, and the drying state is grasped at the outlet temperature T _OUT of the drying container 53. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows a psychrometric chart, where t is the dry bulb temperature (° C.) and X is the absolute humidity (x
g / kg Air) and ψ indicate relative humidity (%).
For example, if the water activity of garbage is to be dried to 0.3, the relative humidity of the humid air at the outlet of the drying container 53 is set to 30.
%. If the outside air temperature is 30 ° C. and the relative humidity is 80% (point A in the figure), this is heated to 120 ° C. (T _IN ) along the iso-absolute humidity line B by the first heat exchanger 56. (Point C in the figure), the adiabatic cooling line D
In the steady state, the air becomes saturated at the point E of 40 ° C. As the drying of the garbage proceeds and the water activity decreases, the outlet air temperature rises and the temperature 65 ° C. at the point F where the relative humidity crosses 30% becomes the outlet temperature T _OUT of the drying container 53. That is, in order to make the water activity of the garbage 0.3, the drying may be terminated when the temperature of the temperature sensor T _OUT reaches the temperature at the point F. However, in the above-mentioned conventional garbage processing apparatus, hot air flowing from the hot air supply pipe 66 to the drying air discharge pipe 67 in the drying vessel 53 is dried. Hot air and garbage are not sufficiently mixed, and the amount of heat of the hot air is exhausted without being sufficiently used for drying, resulting in a decrease in drying efficiency and processing speed. ing. In order to solve this problem, the present inventor has disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-138528 an apparatus for increasing the contact time between hot air and garbage to increase the drying efficiency and the drying processing speed. Has been proposed. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1A is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 1B is a transverse sectional view. A hot air supply pipe 66 and a drying air discharge pipe 67 are arranged diagonally on the upper surface of the drying container 53 so that the direction in which the hot air flows is the same as the rotation direction of the stirring device 63. However, this method has a disadvantage that the object to be dried is likely to be scattered in the drying air discharge pipe 67, and the clogging of the filter is increased. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, it is conceivable to arrange the hot air supply pipe 66 and the drying air discharge pipe 67 on the same side on the upper surface of the drying container 53, but in this method, the hot air supply pipe 66 is provided. There is a problem that the hot air from the heater is short-circuited and flows to the drying air discharge pipe 67. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and prolongs the contact time between hot air and garbage, clogs a filter due to scattering of a material to be dried on the exhaust side, and exhausts hot air on the exhaust side. It is an object of the present invention to provide a garbage disposal apparatus capable of preventing a short circuit to the garbage and increasing a drying efficiency and a drying processing speed. [0010] To this end, the garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention is provided with a drying container 3 for accommodating garbage and a side surface of the drying container 3. Garbage supply device 2 for supplying to the drying container 3, a stirring device 16 rotatably provided in the drying container 3, a hot air supply port 3b and a hot air exhaust port 3c formed near the upper portion of the drying container 3, and a hot air supply. A partition plate 39 is provided between the port 3b and the hot air exhaust port 3c, and the rotation direction of the stirring device 16 is made the same as the direction in which hot air is supplied from the hot air supply port 3b into the drying container 3. And The number added to the above configuration is
This is for comparison with the drawings to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and the configuration of the present invention is not limited in any way. In the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG.
Since the rotation direction of the stirring device 16 is set to be the same as the direction of the hot air flowing from the hot air supply port 3b to the hot air exhaust port 3c via the inside of the drying vessel 3, the contact time between the hot air and the garbage becomes longer. The amount of heat of the hot air can be sufficiently used for drying, the drying efficiency and the drying processing speed can be increased, and a partition plate 39 is provided between the hot air supply port 3b and the hot air exhaust port 3c. As a result, clogging of the filter due to scattering of the matter to be dried on the exhaust side is reduced,
Prevent short circuit of hot air to exhaust side. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention. A garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention generally includes a hopper 1 for inputting garbage, a garbage supply device 2, a drying container 3, a filter 4, a garbage container 5, a combustion furnace 7 having a burner 6, and a combustion furnace 7. Heat exchanger 8, second heat exchanger 9, blower fan 1 formed around
0, fuel tank 11, fuel pump 12, ignition device 13,
It comprises a control device 14. The hopper 1 for putting garbage has an opening / closing lid 15. A garbage supply device 2 having a piston 36 is attached to a lower portion of the hopper 1, and a lower portion of the garbage supply device 2 is connected to the drain valve 18. In the garbage supply device 2, the cylinder 33 is connected to the opening 3a on the lower side surface of the drying container 3, and the piston 36 is driven by the electric motor M1 to convey garbage from the hopper 1 into the drying container 3. In the drying container 3, a stirring device 16 driven by the electric motor M2 is provided. At the bottom of the drying container 3,
A garbage discharge opening / closing lid 17 is provided so that dried garbage can be discharged to the storage container 5. A hot air supply pipe 19 is connected to an upper portion of the drying container 3, and hot air is supplied into the drying container 3 through the blower fan 10 and the first heat exchanger 8. A filter 4 and a dry air discharge pipe 20 are connected to the upper part of the drying vessel 3 at a position facing the hot air supply pipe 19, and the dry air passes through the exhaust pipe 21 from the combustion furnace 7 in the second heat exchanger 9. After being heated by the exhaust gas, the air is supplied into the combustion furnace 7 as combustion air. The burner 6 is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank 11 by a fuel pump 12 and is supplied with combustion air by a blower fan 10 through a combustion air supply pipe 22. Further, drying air is supplied to the first heat exchanger 8 by the blowing fan 10 through the drying air supply pipe 23. The first and second heat exchangers 8 and 9, the hot air supply pipe 19, and the like are covered with a heat insulating material 27. A flame detection sensor 24 is provided in the combustion furnace 7, and temperature sensors T _IN and T _OUT are provided on the inlet side and the outlet side of the drying vessel 3, respectively.
It is connected to the. Further, a sensor 25 for detecting the opening and closing of the opening / closing lid 15 of the hopper 1 and a sensor 26 for detecting the piston position of the garbage supply device 2 are provided, and are connected to the control device 14, respectively. The sensor 25 includes the opening / closing lid 15.
When the is not closed, it plays a role of stopping the operation or starting. This is because air leaks from the hopper 1 when the opening / closing lid 15 is open, the pressure balance of the air is disturbed, an appropriate amount of combustion air is not supplied to the burner, and odor, soot, CO, HC, etc. are generated. Because you do.
Further, the sensor 26 sets the movement range of the piston 36, and the setting of the amount of garbage is performed by changing the operating time of the piston per operation. FIG. 2 shows an example of a specific configuration of the garbage disposal apparatus in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2A is a front view showing the inside.
(B) and (C) are views seen from the B direction and the C direction in FIG. (A), respectively. Note that the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. In the figure, 30 is a housing, 31 is a speed reducer for the electric motor M2, and 32 is a transmission belt or a chain for transmitting the power of the electric motor M1 to the garbage supply device 2. FIG. 3 shows the details of the drying container 3, wherein FIG. 3A is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view as viewed in the direction of the arrow along the line. FIG. The stirring device 16 provided in the drying container 3 includes a rotating shaft 37, a plurality of stirring members 38 fixed around the rotating shaft 37, a speed reducer 31 and an electric motor M2 connected to the rotating shaft 37. Consisting of a stirring member 3
8 is rotated in the direction of the arrow in the figure. On one side of the upper surface of the drying container 3, a hot air supply port 3 is provided.
b and the hot air exhaust port 3c are formed close to each other,
The hot air supply pipe 19 is connected to b, and the filter 4 and the dry air discharge pipe 20 are connected to the hot air exhaust port 3c.
The rotation direction of the stirring device 16 is set to be the same as the direction of the hot air flowing from the hot air supply port 3b through the drying container 3 to the hot air exhaust port 3c. In addition, hot air supply port 3b
And the hot air exhaust port 3c, the partition plate 39 is inclined (angle α) from one corner of the drying container 3 toward the rotation axis 37.
Is provided. Of course, the partition plate 39 is provided so as not to collide with the stirring member 38. The reason for inclining the partition plate 39 at the angle α is that the drying object is easily brought into contact with the partition plate 39, so that heat is taken from the partition plate 39, the partition plate 39 is heated by hot air, and the heat escapes to the exhaust side. This is to prevent that. Next, a method of treating garbage according to the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described. When the burner 6 and the fan 10 are operated, the outside air is supplied to the drying air supply pipe 23.
Is heated by the heat of the combustion furnace 7 in the first heat exchanger 8 and supplied into the drying vessel 3 through the hot air supply pipe 19. The high-temperature air is insulated and cooled by contacting the garbage in the drying container 3, and the humid air absorbing the garbage moisture is sent to the second heat exchanger 9 via the drying air discharge pipe 20. Here, after being heated by the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe 21, it is sent to the combustion furnace 7. This heated air is supplied to the combustion furnace 7
In this case, the odor contained in the exhaust air is heated and decomposed and exhausted to the outside while being used as combustion air. On the other hand, the garbage is put into the hopper 1,
The garbage is supplied from the opening 3a into the drying container 3 by being pushed by the piston 36 of the garbage supply device 2 driven by the electric motor M1. The amount of the garbage to be supplied is set by the movement amount or the operation time of the piston 36 in accordance with a command from the control device 14. The garbage is removed from the electric motor M2 in the drying container 3.
Is crushed, stirred and dried by a stirring device 16 driven by the The dried garbage is stored in the garbage storage container 5 by opening the discharge opening / closing lid 17. With this configuration, during operation, the hopper 1 is
Is shut off from the drying container 3 and hot air in the drying container 3 does not blow out into the hopper 1, so that additional garbage can be added during operation. In the present invention, since the rotating direction of the stirring device 16 is made to be the same as the direction of the hot air flowing from the hot air supply port 3b to the hot air exhaust port 3c through the inside of the drying vessel 3, the hot air and the garbage are removed. The contact time with the air becomes longer, the amount of heat of the hot air can be sufficiently used for drying, and the drying efficiency and the drying processing speed can be increased. That is, the drying processing speed is determined by the amount of water (absolute humidity) in the exhaust gas in the drying container 3, and as this value is larger, the drying processing speed is higher, and high-efficiency operation can be performed. Also,
Since the partition plate 39 is provided between the hot air supply port 3b and the hot air exhaust port 3c, clogging of the filter on the exhaust side can be reduced, and short-circuit of the hot air to the exhaust side can be prevented. While the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, in the above embodiment,
Although the partition plate 39 is provided so as to be inclined toward the rotation shaft 37, the partition plate 39 may be provided in a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 37. As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the contact time between hot air and garbage is extended, the filter is clogged on the exhaust side, and hot air is discharged to the exhaust side. Short circuits can be prevented, and drying efficiency and drying processing speed can be increased.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a garbage processing apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a specific configuration 1 of the garbage processing apparatus in FIG.
An example is shown, wherein FIG. (A) is a front view showing the inside, and FIGS. (B) and (C) are views seen from the B direction and the C direction in FIG. (A), respectively. FIG. 3 shows details of the drying container of FIG. 1, and FIG.
(B) is a cross-sectional view as viewed in the direction of the arrow along line BB of FIG. A, and FIG. (C) is a cross-sectional view of FIG. It is sectional drawing seen in the arrow direction along the line. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional garbage processing apparatus. FIG. 5 is a psychrometric chart for explaining a garbage disposal method. 6A and 6B show a drying container for explaining the problem of the present invention, wherein FIG. 6A is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 6B is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. is there. 7A and 7B show a drying container for explaining the problem of the present invention. FIG. 7A is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. is there. [Description of Signs] 1 ... Hopper for putting in garbage, 2 ... Garbage supply device, 3
... drying container 3b ... hot air supply port, 3c ... hot air exhaust port, 4 ... filter,
5: Garbage storage container 6: Burner, 7: Combustion furnace, 8, 9: Heat exchanger, 10: Fan for blowing 16: Stirrer, 19: Hot air supply pipe, 20: Dry air discharge pipe, 37: Rotating shaft 38: stirring member, 39: partition plate

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Akihiro Yamane 1-3-1 Nishitsurugaoka, Oi-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama Pref. 58-16891 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B09B 3/00-5/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] A drying container for storing garbage, a garbage supply device provided on a side surface of the drying container and supplying garbage into the drying container, A stirring device rotatably provided in the drying vessel; a hot air supply port and a hot air exhaust port formed in the vicinity of the upper portion of the drying vessel; and a partition plate provided between the hot air supply port and the hot air exhaust port. Wherein the direction of rotation of the stirring device is the same as the direction of hot air flowing from the hot air supply port to the hot air exhaust port through the inside of the drying vessel.