JPH05329469A - Crude refuse treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the mounting of a crude refuse housing container to the outside of the device while preventing the leakage of hot air during the operation by providing the crude refuse housing container for housing the dried crude refuse and a stop valve for discharging the crude refuse which communicates and shuts off the flank of a drying container and the crude refuse housing container. CONSTITUTION:This crude refuse treatment device has a crushing, dehydrating and transporting device 2 which crushes and dehydrates the crude refuse, the drying container 3 which houses the crushed and dehydrated crude refuse, the crude refuse housing container 5 which houses the dried crude refuse and the stop valve 17 for discharging the crude refuse which communicates and shuts off the flank of the drying container 3 and the crude refuse housing container 5. The device has also a combustion furnace 7, a first heat exchanger 8 which is formed around this combustion furnace 7, a second heat exchanger 9 for the waste gas of the combustion furnace 7 and an air supply pipe 22 for combustion and air supply pipe 23 for drying which supply the air by a blast fan 10. The drying container 3 and the first heat exchanger 8 are connected by the hot air supply pipe 19. A filter 4 and an air discharge pipe 20 for drying are disposed in the outlet of the drying container 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention aims to reduce the volume and quantity of food waste produced from food factories, hotels, restaurants, apartments, etc., prevent spoilage of the food waste, and fertilize the food waste. The present invention relates to a food waste processing device that can be reused as a raw material such as feed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, food waste from food factories, hotels, restaurants, multi-dwelling houses, etc. has a problem on the user side such as the occurrence of decay, an increase in the garbage storage area, and an increase in the collection fee of the processing company. In possession, on the processor side,
There are problems such as increased collection and transportation costs, labor shortages, etc., and also local governments have problems such as incinerators and landfill measures, so reducing the volume of garbage and reducing it are major issues. ing. To this end, the applicant of the present invention has filed Japanese Patent Application No. 2-28.
No. 5244 proposes, as a device for processing on the user side with a simple structure, a device for reducing the volume by a sanitary means, for example, by crushing, dewatering, and bagging garbage.

This will be described with reference to FIG. 101 in the figure
Is a hopper, 102 is a water pipe, 103 is a crushing dehydrator,
A dryer 104 has a stirring device 106 in a drying container 105 and a stirring motor 107 for rotating the stirring device 106. 1
08 is a switchgear, 109 is a storage tank or collection bag,
110 is a heat exchanger, 111 is a burner, 112 is a blower fan, and 113 is a deodorizing device.

The blower fan 112 is connected to the burner 111 by a combustion air supply pipe 114, and is connected to the lower part of the drying container 105 via a heat exchanger 110 by a drying air supply pipe 115. A drying air discharge pipe 116 is connected between the upper portion of the drying container 105 and the burner 111. The exhaust pipe 117 of the burner 111 is connected to the deodorizing device 113 via the heat exchanger 110. Also,
Temperature detectors TC1 and TC2 are provided in the drying air supply pipe 115 and the drying air discharge pipe 116, respectively.

The raw garbage is crushed and dehydrated by the crushing and dehydrating device 103 and sent to the dryer 104, while the outside air is sent to the burner 111 through the combustion air supply pipe 114 by the blowing fan 112. Air supply pipe 115 for drying
And is sent to the heat exchanger 110. The high temperature air burned in the burner 111 passes through the exhaust pipe 117 and the heat exchanger 11
0, the air flowing through the drying air supply pipe 115 is heated, the heated air is sent into the drying container 105 to heat the food waste, and the moist air that has absorbed the moisture of the food waste is discharged to the air for drying. It is sent to the burner 111 via the pipe 116 and used as combustion air. Then, in order to dry the water activity to a predetermined value, the combustion amount is controlled by the temperature of the temperature detector TC1 in the drying air supply pipe 115, and the dry state is controlled by the temperature of the temperature detector TC2 in the drying air discharge pipe 116. Trying to figure out.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional food waste processing apparatus, when taking out food waste from the drying container 105, the storage tank 109 is connected to the bottom of the drying container 105. There is a problem in that after the drying is completed, the device must be stopped and then the opening / closing device 108 must be opened to store food waste in the storage tank 109. This is the drying container 105 during operation of the device.
This is because the internal pressure inside is as high as about 100 mmAq, so that hot air flows out of the drying container 105 and adversely affects the inside of the apparatus.

The present invention solves the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a food waste processing apparatus capable of taking out a food waste storage container to the outside of the apparatus while preventing hot air from leaking even during operation. And

[0008]

To this end, the food waste processing apparatus of the present invention comprises a crushing / dehydrating / conveying device 2 for crushing and dehydrating food waste, and a drying container 3 for storing the crushed / dewatered food waste.
A raw garbage storage container 5 for storing dried raw garbage, an open / close valve 17 for discharging raw garbage that connects and disconnects the side surface of the drying container 3 and the raw garbage storage container 5, a combustion furnace 7, and the combustion furnace 7. A first heat exchanger 8 formed around the air, a second heat exchanger 9 that exchanges heat with the exhaust gas of the combustion furnace 7, and a blower fan 10
A combustion air supply pipe 22 and a drying air supply pipe 2 for supplying air to the combustion furnace 7 and the first heat exchanger 8 by
3, a hot air supply pipe 19 connecting the drying container 3 and the first heat exchanger 8, a filter 4 arranged at the outlet of the drying container 3, a second heat exchanger 9 and a combustion furnace 7. A drying air discharge pipe 20 to be connected is provided. It should be noted that the numbers added to the above-mentioned configurations are for comparison with the drawings for easy understanding, and the configurations of the present invention are not limited thereby.

[0009]

In the present invention, the outside air is heated by the heat of the combustion furnace 7 through the first heat exchanger 8 and is supplied into the drying container 3 through the hot air supply pipe 19, and this hot air is supplied to the drying container 3
The moist air, which is adiabatically cooled by contacting with the food waste inside and absorbs the water content of the food waste, is sent to the second heat exchanger 9 through the drying air discharge pipe 20, where the exhaust pipe 21 is discharged. After being heated by the passing exhaust gas, it is sent to the combustion furnace 7. On the other hand, the food waste is thrown into the hopper 1 and conveyed in the direction of the drying container 3 while being crushed and dehydrated by the crushing / dehydrating / conveying device 2, and the open / close valve 15 for supplying the garbage is opened to put the food waste into the drying container 3. When the raw garbage is supplied and a predetermined amount of raw garbage is supplied into the drying container 3, the open / close valve 15 for feeding raw garbage is closed, and the raw garbage is stirred and dried by the stirring member 16 in the drying container 3 to be dried. The finished garbage is opened / closed valve 17 for discharging garbage
The container is stored in the waste container 5 by opening. Then, even during operation, the raw garbage is stored in the raw garbage storage container 5 by opening the raw garbage discharging opening / closing valve 17 by the electric motor M ₄ , and immediately after the storage, the raw garbage discharging opening / closing valve 17 is opened. Since it is closed, it is possible to take out the food waste container 5 to the outside of the device while preventing leakage of hot air even during operation.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a food waste processing device according to the present invention. The food waste processing apparatus according to the present invention is roughly composed of a hopper 1 for inputting food waste, a crushing / dewatering conveying device 2, a drying container 3, a filter 4, a food waste storing container 5, a combustion furnace 7 having a burner 6, and a combustion furnace 7. A first heat exchanger 8, a second heat exchanger 9, and a blower fan 1 formed around the
0, fuel tank 11, fuel pump 12, ignition device 13,
The control device 14 is included.

The burner 6 is supplied with fuel from the fuel tank 11 by the fuel pump 12, and is supplied with combustion air by the blower fan 10 through the combustion air supply pipe 22. Further, the first heat exchanger 8 is supplied with drying air by the blower fan 10 through the drying air supply pipe 23.

The crushing / dehydrating / conveying device 2 is driven by an electric motor M ₁ and crushes / dehydrates the food waste from the hopper 1 and conveys it to the drying container 3. An open / close valve 15 for feeding food waste, which is opened / closed by an electric motor M _2, is provided between the crushing / dehydrating / conveying device 2 and the lower side surface of the drying container 3.

A stirring member 16 driven by an electric motor M ₃ is provided in the drying container 3. On the side surface of the drying container 3, there is provided an open / close valve 17 for discharging food waste which is slidably opened / closed by an electric motor M ₄ , and a discharge pipe 5 a, so that the dried food waste can be discharged into the storage container 5. A hot air supply pipe 19 is connected to the upper part of the drying container 3, and hot air is supplied into the drying container 3 via the blower fan 10 and the first heat exchanger 8. A filter 4 and a drying air discharge pipe 20 are connected to a position facing the hot air supply pipe 19 in the upper part of the drying container 3, and the drying air is exhausted from the combustion furnace 7 in the second heat exchanger 9. After being heated by the exhaust gas of 21, the air is supplied into the combustion furnace 7 as combustion air.

A temperature sensor T ₁ is provided in the combustion furnace 7, and a hot air supply pipe 19 and a drying air discharge pipe 20 are provided.
Are provided with temperature sensors T ₂ and T ₃ , respectively, and are connected to the control device 14, respectively.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing an embodiment of the concrete structure of the food waste processing apparatus in FIG. Housing 25
A hopper 1 having an opening / closing lid 1a and a handle 1b therein,
Crushing and dehydrating and conveying device 2, which is driven by an electric motor M ₁ .
A drying container 3, a filter 4, a food waste storage container 5, a food waste supply opening / closing valve 15 opened and closed by an electric motor M ₂ , a food waste discharging on-off valve 17, and an exhaust pipe 21 are provided. The raw garbage storage container 5 can be pulled out to the outside of the housing 25.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are side views seen from the directions A and B of FIG. 2, respectively. In FIG. 3A, the combustion furnace 7, the second heat exchanger 9, the electric motor M ₄ for slidingly driving the garbage discharge on-off valve 17, the electric motor M for driving the rotating shaft 16a of the stirring member 16 (FIG. 1).
₃ , a drying air discharge pipe 20, a combustion air supply pipe 22, and a control panel 26 are shown, and in FIG. 3B, a blower fan 10 and a drying air supply pipe 23 are further shown.

FIG. 4 is a rear view seen from the direction C of FIG. 3B, showing the burner 6, the hot air supply pipe 19, and the drying air exhaust pipe 2.
0, a combustion air supply pipe 22, and a drying air supply pipe 23 are shown.

The method of treating food waste according to the present invention having the above structure will be described. When the combustion furnace 7 and the blower fan 10 are operated, the outside air is heated by the heat of the combustion furnace 7 from the drying air supply pipe 23 through the first heat exchanger 8, and the drying container 3 passes through the hot air supply pipe 19. Supplied within.
This high-temperature air is adiabatically cooled by coming into contact with food waste in the drying container 3, and the moist air that has absorbed the water content of the food waste is sent to the second heat exchanger 9 via the drying air discharge pipe 20. Here, after being heated by the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe 21, it is sent to the combustion furnace 7. This heated air is used as combustion air in the combustion furnace 7, and the odor contained in the exhaust air is thermally decomposed and exhausted to the outside.

On the other hand, food waste is thrown into the hopper 1,
While being crushed and dehydrated by the crushing / dehydrating / conveying device 2 driven by the electric motor M _{1, the} crushing / dehydrating / conveying device 2 is conveyed in the direction of the drying container 3 and the electric motor M ₂ opens the open / close valve 15 for supplying the garbage to the inside of the drying container 3. When a predetermined amount of food waste is supplied to the drying container 3, the food waste supply on-off valve 15 is closed. The raw garbage is stirred and dried in the drying container 3 by the stirring member 16 driven by the electric motor M ₃ . The dried garbage is stored in the garbage container 5 by opening the open / close valve 17 for discharging the garbage by the electric motor M ₄ .

According to the present invention, even during operation, the garbage is opened / closed by the electric motor M ₄ for opening / closing valve 17 for discharging the garbage.
By opening the container, the food waste is stored in the food storage container 5, and the open / close valve 17 for discharging food waste is closed immediately after the storage. Therefore, the food waste storage container 5 is prevented from leaking during operation while the food waste storage container 5 is outside the device. Can be taken out.

Next, a method of controlling the food waste processing apparatus of the present invention will be described. Garbage is a mixture of various foods,
The factors that cause the decay and odor are the water activity aw of each food.
Depends on Here, the water activity aw is: aw = water vapor pressure of food / saturated water vapor pressure of air. It is said that it is preferable to dry so that the water activity aw becomes about 0.2 to 0.6. This is because if the water activity is too low, the deterioration of the lipid is promoted by the oxidation of the lipid. Therefore, it is necessary to dry so that the water activity reaches a certain value. Therefore, the inlet temperature T _IN of the drying container 3
The combustion amount in the combustion furnace 7 is controlled so that the temperature is constant, and the dry state is grasped by the outlet temperature T _OUT of the drying container 3.

This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows a moist air diagram, where t is the dry-bulb temperature ° C, X is the absolute humidity, and ψ is the relative humidity.

If the water activity of food waste is dried to 0.3, the relative humidity of the humid air at the outlet of the drying container 3 is set to 3
It should be 0%. For example, if the temperature of the outside air is 30 ° C. and the relative humidity is 80% (point A in the figure), this is heated to 120 ° C. (T _IN ) along the iso-absolute humidity line B by the first heat exchanger 8. (Point C in the figure), inside the drying container 3, the adiabatic cooling line D
It is cooled along with it and becomes saturated air at point E at 40 ° C. in a steady state. When the food waste is heated and the water activity decreases, the outlet air temperature rises and the temperature 65 ° C. at the point F where the relative humidity intersects 30% becomes the outlet temperature T _OUT of the drying container 3. That is, in order to make the water activity of the garbage equal to 0.3, the drying may be terminated when the temperature of the temperature sensor T ₃ becomes T _OUT .

When various experiments were conducted using the above apparatus and control method, the inlet temperature T _{IN of the} drying container was 100 to 300.
High thermal efficiency at ℃, preferably about 200 ℃, therefore,
It turned out that the drying time is faster. The reason why the thermal efficiency decreases with increasing temperature is that the heat loss from the wall surface increases. The thermal efficiency mentioned here is the ratio of the latent heat of vaporization at the outlet of the drying container to the total amount of heat at the inlet of the drying container.

[0025]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a crushing / dehydrating / conveying device for crushing and dehydrating food waste, a drying container for storing the crushed and dehydrated food waste, and a dried food waste A food waste storage container to be stored, a food waste discharge on-off valve that connects and disconnects the side surface of the drying container and the food waste storage container, a combustion furnace, and a first heat exchange formed around the combustion furnace. , A second heat exchanger for exchanging heat with exhaust gas of the combustion furnace, a combustion air supply pipe and a drying air supply pipe for supplying air to the combustion furnace and the first heat exchanger by a blower fan A hot air supply pipe connecting the drying container and the first heat exchanger, and a drying air discharge pipe connecting the filter arranged at the outlet of the drying container, the second heat exchanger and the combustion furnace. Because of the configuration, it prevents hot air from leaking even during operation. It is possible to take out the garbage container while on the outside of the apparatus.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a food waste processing device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a specific configuration 1 of the food waste processing device in FIG.
Front view showing an embodiment

3A and 3B are side views seen from directions A and B of FIG. 2, respectively.

FIG. 4 is a rear view seen from the direction C in FIG. 3B.

FIG. 5 is a moist air diagram for explaining the method of treating food waste of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a conventional food waste processing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Hopper for inputting garbage, 2 ... Crushing / dehydrating transporting device,
3 ... Drying container 4 ... Filter, 5 ... Garbage storage container, 5a ... Discharge pipe, 6
... Burner, 7 ... Combustion furnace 8 ... First heat exchanger, 9 ... Second heat exchanger, 10 ... Blower fan 11 ... Fuel tank, 12 ... Fuel pump, 13 ... Ignition device, 14 ... Control device 15 Open / close valve for supplying food waste, 16 ... Stirring member, 17 ... Open / close valve for discharging food waste 19 ... Hot air supply pipe, 20 ... Air discharge pipe for drying, 21 ... Exhaust pipe 22 ... Air supply pipe for combustion, 23 ... Drying Air supply pipes M ₁ , M ₂ , M ₃ , M ₄ ... Electric motors, T ₁ , T ₂ , T
₃ … Temperature sensor

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Akihiro Yamane 1-3-1 Nishitsurugaoka, Oi-cho, Iruma-gun, Saitama Tonen Research Institute

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A crushing / dehydrating / conveying device for crushing and dehydrating food waste, a drying container for storing the crushed and dehydrated food waste, a food waste storage container for storing dried food waste, and a side surface of the drying container. An open / close valve for discharging food waste that connects and disconnects the food storage container, a combustion furnace, a first heat exchanger formed around the combustion furnace, and heat exchange with exhaust gas of the combustion furnace. The second heat exchanger, the combustion air supply pipe and the drying air supply pipe for supplying air to the combustion furnace and the first heat exchanger by a blower fan, the drying container and the first heat exchanger are connected. An apparatus for treating food waste, comprising: a hot air supply pipe, a filter disposed at the outlet of the drying container, a drying air discharge pipe connecting the second heat exchanger and the combustion furnace.