JP3376723B2 - Apparatus for dispersing powders - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for spraying granular or powdery fertilizers or seeds on a field. 2. Description of the Related Art An apparatus for dispersing powders and granules is provided with a plurality of hoppers containing powders and granules, and the powders in the respective hoppers are fed by respective feeding rollers and sprayed on a field. It is made to be done. In addition, each hopper is provided with a discharge port, and when the spraying operation is completed, the powder particles remaining in the hopper are collected from these discharge ports. [0003] Therefore, in the conventional apparatus, when collecting the remaining powdery material, containers are placed under respective discharge ports to individually perform the collecting operation. The present invention is intended to improve this and collect the powder in the hopper collectively. [0004] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention is to solve the above problems, feeding B in the hopper 19 containing the particulate material -
A feeding port 21c for dropping the powder and granules fed out by the ram 22 and an openable and closable outlet 52a for taking out the powder and particles remaining in the hopper 19 are provided. A blower tube 46 is provided for spraying to the outlet 5
Recovery pipe 49 is provided to recover the granular material in 2a, spraying air pressurized by the blower 18 of the respective blower tube 46 is reached as provided powdered or granular material from the air chamber 17
In the apparatus, a powder particle dispersing apparatus is provided in which the air flow path is changeable so that the air pressurized by the blower 18 is supplied to one end of the collection pipe 49. [0005] The apparatus for dispersing the powdery and granular materials configured as described above,
Each discharge port 52a is closed, and the air pressurized by the blower 18 is sent from the air chamber 17 to only the respective blower pipes 46 to perform the work of dispersing the granular material. Then
The powders in the hopper 19 are quantitatively fed out by the respective feeding rollers 22, reach the respective blowing pipes 46 from the respective outlets 21c, and are widely spread from the outlets to the fields. When the spraying operation is completed, the hopper 1
If powder particles remain in 9, they are taken out as follows. Open each outlet 52a, and blower 1
The air pressurized in 8 is sent to one end of the collection pipe 49. Then, the powder particles remaining in the hopper 19 reach the inside of the collection pipe 49 from the respective outlets 52a, and the collection pipe 4
It is sent to the other side by air flowing through the inside 9 and is collectively collected at the other side of the collection pipe. As described above, according to the present invention, the hopper 19
There is an effect that the powdery granules remaining inside are collectively collected at one place. Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG.
As described above, a fertilizer applicator (one of the powder and granule dispersing apparatuses of the present invention) for spraying granular fertilizer on a riding-type seedling transplanter is mounted to provide a seedling planter with a fertilizer applicator. This seedling transplanter is configured as follows. [0009] A seedling plant 3 is connected to the traveling body 1 by links 2 and 2 to form a riding type seedling planting machine. The traveling vehicle body 1 includes a pair of left and right front wheels 5 and rear wheels 6 before and after the machine base 4, respectively.
Are driven by an engine (not shown) below the seat 7 in the center. The seedling plant 3 is provided with a gear box 8 at the center, a seedling stand 9 provided on the front ascending and driven to reciprocate left and right, and a float 10 arranged thereunder for sliding on a mud surface. And a seedling rod 11 which is turned after the seedling mounting table 9 in a circular orbit in the vertical direction to cut off the seedlings on the seedling mounting table 9 and transplant it to the mud surface where the float 10 is leveled. ing.
It should be noted that four mat-shaped collective seedlings are placed side by side on the seedling mounting table 9. The float 10 is composed of a center float at the center and side floats on both sides of the center. The center float is used to level the two places on the left and right where the planting rod 11 transplants the seedlings. Level one of them. The seedling planting rod 11 is composed of a set of two seedlings that are alternately transplanted.
The pairs are arranged side by side and have four rows. Prop 12
Extends upward from the rear end of the machine base 4, and the ends of the links 2, 2 are rotatably attached to the ends by horizontal pins. The rear ends of the links 2 and 2 are rotatably attached to the work machine frame 13,
A gear box 8 is attached to a lower portion of the working machine frame 13 so as to swing around a rolling shaft in the front-rear direction.
The tip of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is attached to the machine base 4, and a piston rod 15 protruding from the hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected to the arm 16 of the upper link 2.
The rear end of the seedling 2 moves up and down, and the seedling planting apparatus 3 moves up and down while maintaining the same posture. A horizontally elongated air chamber 17 is fixed to the upper end of the column 12 behind the seat 7. A blower 18 is attached to the left end of the air chamber 17 when viewed from behind, and a motor 18
The rotation of a rotates the impeller in the blast chamber 18b, and the intake pipe 18c
The air sucked from the air is pressurized and sent into the air chamber 17. As shown in FIG.
Granular fertilizer is put in a hopper 19 having a letter shape, and a pair thereof is joined at an upper portion, and a single lid 20 is provided on these to be openable and closable. The two sets are provided side by side
A plurality of four hoppers 19 are arranged side by side. The hopper 19 at the left end (the others are the same or symmetrical) will be described below. As shown in FIG. 3, when viewed from behind, a narrow feeding path 21 extends downward from the center of the hopper 19. A feeding roller 22 is provided in the middle, and both sides of the roller 22 are bulged to form a clutch chamber 21a and a groove width adjusting chamber 21b. A feed roller 22 having a plurality of feed grooves 22a, 22a,... (FIG. 4), in which the wall surface of the groove width adjusting chamber 21b and one support shaft 23 extend into the feed path 21, and the left side of the cylindrical surface is opened. Are rotatably supported by the support shaft 23. The drive shaft 24 is inserted from the right wall surface of the clutch chamber 21a, and the left end thereof is rotatably supported by the axis of the support shaft 23. The clutch 25 having a claw 25a on the left side is pressed by the right spring 26, and the claw 25a engages with the claw 22b, so that the feeding roller 22 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. The shifter 27b projects eccentrically from the operation shaft 27 rotated by the knob 27a, and the rotation causes the shifter 27b to move left and right. When the shifter 27b engages with the groove 25b on the cylinder surface of the clutch 25 and moves to the right, the clutch 25 moves to the right against the spring 26, pulls the pawl 25a away from the pawl 22b, and moves to the left. The clutch 25 is moved to the left by a spring 26 to engage the pawl 25a with the pawl 22b. Spring 2
6, the right side of the clutch 25 and the clutch chamber 2
1a with the inside surface made of rubber or other flexible material
A shoe 28 is provided to protect the spring 26. That is, when the lower end of the feed path 21 is clogged with fertilizer, the overflowed fertilizer may enter the spring 26 and cause the spring 26 to malfunction, but the above configuration eliminates the risk. A gear 29 is screwed into a male screw 23a of the support shaft 23. When the gear 29 rotates, the gear 29 moves left and right by the lead of the male screw 23a. A plurality of protrusions 30a, 30a
.. Protrude from the adjustment wheel 30 to the right, and each
are engaged with and cover the feeding grooves 22a, 22a. The right end of the gear 29 is rotatably engaged with the adjusting wheel 30, and when the gear 29 moves left and right as described above, the adjusting wheel 30 moves left and right, and the feeding grooves 22a, 22a of the feeding roller 22. The width of ... is expanded and contracted so that the amount of fertilizer fed out per unit time can be adjusted. As shown in FIG. 2, an adjusting shaft 31 is provided laterally behind the feed-out path 21 and fixed to the wide gear 32,
32 engages with the gears 29, 29, and the handle 3
When the adjustment shaft 31 is turned at 3, the gears 29, 29... Move left and right while rotating. As shown in FIG.
A gear box 34 is provided at an intermediate portion of the column 12, and after the rotation of the engine is introduced by a transmission shaft 35, the gear box 34 is separated and taken out into two paths of a seedling planting shaft 36 and a fertilizing shaft 37 (FIG. 2). FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the transmission shaft 38 is supported laterally below the rear of the adjustment shaft 31, and the ratchet 39 at the center of the transmission shaft 38 supports the transmission shaft 38.
The arm 39a protrudes backward, and the arm 37a of the fertilizer application shaft 37 and this arm 39a are connected by the rod 40.
When the arm 37a turns by this rotation, the arm 39a swings and the transmission shaft 38 rotates intermittently. A single drive shaft 24 drives a pair of feed rollers 22 at both ends as described above. Therefore, a pair of drive shafts 24, 24 are used, and the sheaves 41, 41 are fixed to their respective intermediate portions, and the sheaves 42, 42 fixed to the transmission shaft 38 and the sheaves 41, 41 are adjusted. The belts 43, 43 are wound around, and the intermittent rotation of the transmission shaft 38 is driven by the drive shafts 24, 2
4 has been transmitted. In addition, the adjusting band 43 is a synchro belt having a tooth profile on the inner surface, and the cylindrical surfaces of the pulleys 41 and 42 are also provided with tooth profiles that mesh with this. Further, when the adjustment shaft 31 is arranged within the circle of the adjustment band 43 (FIGS. 4 and 5), the overall configuration is simplified. The wheel 41 can be divided as shown in FIG. In other words, the drive shaft 24 and the wheel 41 are configured to be divided into two right and left parts, and the divided drive shafts 24a, 24a are arranged with their ends separated. Further, the divided sheaves 41a, 41a are connected to the respective drive shafts 24a.
a, 24a so as to be slidable in the axial direction.
Then, when removing the tuners 43 from the trolley 41, the tuners 4
1a, 41a can be opened to the left and right, and the adjustment band 43 can be removed from between the drive shafts 24a, 24a, which facilitates maintenance. Further, a roller 44 is provided on the adjustment shaft 31 (FIG. 7), and the back of the adjusting band 43 is brought into contact with the adjusting wheel 4 to adjust the adjusting band 4.
3 can be bypassed from the adjusting shaft 31. As shown in FIG. 4, a brush 45 is provided on the rear side of each of the feed rollers 22 so that the tips of the brushes come into contact with the cylindrical surface, and scrapes off the fertilizer overflowing from the grooves 22a. It has become. The brush 45 can make the upper layer denser and the lower layer coarser. When particles like herbicides spray small powders,
With the conventional rough-flocked brush 45, there is a possibility that the powder may pass between the bristles and cannot be evenly dispersed, but the above configuration eliminates such a possibility. .. Extend from the air chamber 17 to the rear through the lower portions of the respective delivery paths 21, 21,. The lower ends of the delivery paths 21, 21, ... become narrower in the front-rear, left-right directions, and become delivery ports 21c, 21c ... which are open to the respective blower tubes 46, 46 .... Follow
Each of the outlets 21c, 21c,.
Blast pipes 46, 46...
They are provided in rows. Four grooves 47 are float 1
0 (FIG. 1), and the rear ends of the blower tubes 46, 46... And the respective groove generators 47 are connected by flexible hoses 48. Therefore, when the fertilizer in the hoppers 19, 19,... Is fed by the feeding grooves 22a, 22a with the rotation of the feeding rollers 22, 22,. … Fall into the blower tubes 46, 46. Then, the fertilizer is swept away from the air chamber 17 by the wind flowing through the air ducts 46, 46,..., And reaches the groove generator 47 through the respective hoses 48. Is sprayed into the ditches made in the mud. As shown in FIG. 8, the recovery pipe 49 is connected to the pay-out path 21,
21 ... is provided horizontally long after the right end.
Is connected to the vertical pipe 17a of the air chamber 17. A valve 51 for opening and closing a flow path to the vertical pipe 17a is provided at the inlet thereof, and the flow path can be opened and closed by rotating the lever 51a. The air chamber 17 is preferably made of steel so as to also serve as a mounting member such as the hoppers 19, 19,..., And the collection pipe 49 is preferably made of plastic to prevent corrosion by fertilizer. The lower part of the hoppers 19, 19 and the collection pipe 49
Are connected by discharge pipes 52, 52,.
… Fertilizer remaining in each discharge pipe 52, 52 ...
Through the adapted flow outlet 52a at the lower end, from 52a ...... into the collecting tube 49 (FIG. 4). Follow
Each of the outlets 52a, 52a,.
The collection pipe 49 which collects is provided in series. Valve 5
, 53 are provided in the respective discharge pipes 52, 52,..., And are rotated by operation of levers 53a, 53a, so that the discharge ports 52a, 52a,.
It should be noted that a slide valve can be used instead of the butterfly valve 53 in the figure. Also, a plurality of valves 53, 53,.
It is convenient to make the... Operate simultaneously. As shown in FIG. 9, a bag 54 is detachably provided at the left end of the collection tube 49. The upper half of the bag 54 can be made of a mesh 54a so that air can easily escape. That is, when the fertilizer spraying operation is completed, the passage in the air chamber 17 is supplied to the right end of the collection pipe 49 by opening the passage by the valve 51, and the passage is opened by the valves 53, 53. … The fertilizer remaining inside is poured into the collection pipe 49. Then, the fertilizer is sent to the left by the wind and flows into the bag 54. This bag 54
Remove and collect the remaining fertilizer. At this time,
.. Have stopped rotating. An air chamber 17 and a collection pipe 49 are connected to the discharge port of the blower 18 and the blower 18 is switched by a valve.
Pressurized air discharged from the air chamber 17 or the recovery pipe 4
It can be made to flow selectively to eight. The collection pipe 49 may be inclined so that the fertilizer take-out port is lowered.
The inside of the gear box 34 can be configured as shown in FIG. That is, the gear 35a is integrally provided at the rear end of the transmission shaft 35, and the fertilizer application shaft 37 extends rearward from this. The gear 55 meshes with the gear 35a, and the tip of the seedling shaft 36 is rotatably attached to the gear 55. A fertilizer application clutch 56 is provided at the front end of the fertilizer application shaft 37 so as to slide only in the axial direction, is pushed forward by a spring 57, and its pawl 56a is engaged with the pawl 35b of the gear 35a to rotate the transmission shaft 35 to rotate the fertilizer application shaft. 3
It is transmitted to 7. Cam 56 on the cylinder surface of fertilizing clutch 56
b is provided, and when the end of the pin 58 hits,
6, the claw 56a moves away from the claw 35b, and the rotation of the fertilizer application shaft 37 stops. A planting clutch 59 is provided at the front end of the seedling-planting shaft 36 so as to slide only in the axial direction.
Engages with the claw 55a of the gear 55, and the rotation of the transmission shaft 35 reaches the seedling plant 3 via the seedling shaft 36. Cam 5
9b is provided on the cylindrical surface of the planting clutch 59, and the pin 6
When the tip of 1 comes in contact, the planting clutch 59 moves backward against the spring 60, the claw 59a separates from the claw 55a, and the seedling axle 36
The rotation of is stopped. The pins 58 and 61 are connected to a lever 62 as shown in FIG. That is, the lever 62 is fixed to the interlocking shaft 63, and the interlocking shaft 63 is rotated by the operation. The lever 62 includes “raised”, “fixed”,
Five positions of "lower", "planting" and "fertilizer" are provided in this order from upper right to lower left. Planting clutch cam 64 and fertilizing clutch cam 65 are linked shaft 6
It is fixed to 3. Pins 58 and 61 are connected to tips of a pair of arms 66 and 67 rotatably provided around a shaft, and rollers 68 and 69 in the middle of the pins 58 and 61 are used to connect the planting clutch cam 6.
4 and the fertilizer application clutch cam 65, and the pins 58 and 61 are moved up and down by operating the lever 62. When the lever 62 is positioned at the "up" position, the oil discharged from the pump (not shown) is fed into the hydraulic cylinder 14, and the seedling plant 3 is raised. Lever
When the cylinder 62 is in the “fixed” position, a valve (not shown) between the pump and the hydraulic cylinder 14 becomes neutral, the oil is trapped in the hydraulic cylinder 14, and the height of the seedling transplanter 3 is increased. Kept in position. When the lever 62 is set to the "down" position, the oil in the hydraulic cylinder 14 returns to the tank and the seedling plant 3 descends. The descent is stopped when the float 10 comes into contact with the mud surface. When the lever 62 is positioned at the "planting" position, the pin 61 separates from the cam 59b, the seedling shaft 36 rotates, and the seedling planting apparatus 3 operates. When the lever 62 is positioned at “fertilizer application”, the pin 61
The pin 58 separates from the cam 56b at the same time when it is separated from the cam 9b, the fertilizer application shaft 37 rotates, and the feeding rollers 22, 22,...

[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a side view of a seedling planter with a fertilizer device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged rear view showing a part of the transmission; FIG. 3 is an enlarged cut-away rear view of a part thereof. FIG. 4 is a cut-away side view of a part thereof. FIG. 5 is a cut-away side view of a part of the transmission; FIG. 6 is a cutaway rear view of a part of another transmission; FIG. 7 is a cutaway side view thereof. FIG. 8 is a rear view of a part of the seedling planter with the fertilizer application device. FIG. 9 is a rear view of a part thereof. FIG. 10 is a cutaway side view of a part thereof. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the operation portion. [Explanation of symbols] 17 air chamber 18 blower 19 Hopper 21c Departure exit 22 Feeding roller 46 air duct 49 Collection tube 52a outlet

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-5-56712 (JP, A) JP-A-5-276818 (JP, A) JP-A-3-50813 (JP, U) (58) Survey Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01C 15/04

Claims (1)

(57) Claims 1. A powder outlet discharged from the feed roller 22 to the hopper 19 containing the powder and a dropout 21c and a powder remaining in the hopper 19. provided openable outlet 52a for taking out the granules, each of Repetitive outlet 21c blower tube 46 is provided for spraying the granular material in the field, the discharge port 52
a is provided with a collection pipe 49 for collecting the powder and granules, and is provided for the powder pressurized by the blower 18 to reach the respective blow pipes 46 from the air chamber 17 for dispersing the powder and granules.
In the installation, the air pressurized by the blower 18 is
An apparatus for dispersing a granular material, wherein an air flow path is changeable so as to be supplied to one end of the powdery and / or granular material 9.