JP3369834B2 - Biofilm filtration device - Google Patents
Biofilm filtration deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3369834B2 JP3369834B2 JP04823696A JP4823696A JP3369834B2 JP 3369834 B2 JP3369834 B2 JP 3369834B2 JP 04823696 A JP04823696 A JP 04823696A JP 4823696 A JP4823696 A JP 4823696A JP 3369834 B2 JP3369834 B2 JP 3369834B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- air
- tank
- filtration device
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明はBOD、アンモニア性
窒素、有機体窒素を含有する下水、し尿、産業廃水を対
象とした上向流生物膜濾過装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an upflow biofilm filter for sewage, human waste and industrial wastewater containing BOD, ammonia nitrogen and organic nitrogen.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】最近、浮上性の粒状濾材を用いた生物膜
濾過処理の開発が盛んに行われている。これらは被処理
水中の有機物、窒素を生物学的に処理するものである。2. Description of the Related Art Recently, a biofilm filtration process using a floating granular filter medium has been actively developed. These biologically treat organic matter and nitrogen in the water to be treated.
【０００３】図５は従来の生物膜濾過装置の一例を示す
概略図である。生物膜濾過装置は、第一番目に原水４を
上向流で通水する脱窒槽１を配置し、続いて硝化槽２を
配置し、硝化液の一部を前記脱窒槽１に戻し、BOD、窒
素を処理するようにしている。FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of a conventional biofilm filtration device. In the biofilm filtration device, first, a denitrification tank 1 for passing raw water 4 in an upward flow is arranged, followed by a nitrification tank 2, and a part of the nitrification solution is returned to the denitrification tank 1 for BOD. , Like to treat nitrogen.
【０００４】図５において、符号３は硝化槽循環液、符
号６は処理水である。脱窒槽１、硝化槽２には、それぞ
れ浮上性の粒状濾材が充填され、槽上部には濾材流出防
止を兼ねた集水板が設けられている。そして、原水を上
向流に通水し、硝化槽２では原水中のアンモニア性窒素
を硝化菌の作用で硝酸性窒素に酸化処理し、脱窒槽１で
は硝化液中の硝酸性窒素を脱窒菌の作用で原水中のBOD
成分を利用しながら窒素ガスに還元処理する。In FIG. 5, reference numeral 3 is a nitrification tank circulating liquid, and reference numeral 6 is treated water. The denitrification tank 1 and the nitrification tank 2 are each filled with a buoyant granular filter medium, and a water collecting plate also serving as a filter medium outflow prevention is provided at the upper part of the chamber. Then, the raw water is passed upward, the nitric acid tank 2 oxidizes the ammoniacal nitrogen in the raw water into nitrate nitrogen by the action of the nitrifying bacteria, and the denitrification tank 1 denitrifies the nitric acid nitrogen in the nitrification solution. Action of BOD in raw water
Reduction treatment to nitrogen gas is performed while utilizing the components.
【０００５】図６は従来の生物膜濾過装置の他の例を示
す概略図であり、一槽で窒素を除去する生物膜濾過装置
を示す。生物膜濾過装置は、嫌気部１′と好気部２′と
を備え、好気部２′でアンモニア性窒素を硝化し、硝化
により生じた硝酸性窒素を含む処理水の一部を嫌気部
１′で原水中のBODを利用して循環水中の硝酸性窒素を
除去するようにしている。FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing another example of a conventional biofilm filtration device, showing a biofilm filtration device for removing nitrogen in one tank. The biofilm filtration device includes an anaerobic part 1'and an aerobic part 2 ', and nitrifies ammoniacal nitrogen in the aerobic part 2', and a part of the treated water containing nitrate nitrogen produced by nitrification is anaerobic part. In 1 ', BOD in raw water is used to remove nitrate nitrogen in circulating water.
【０００６】脱窒槽、硝化槽を分離したケ−ス（図
５）、一槽にしたケ−ス（図６）のいずれにおいても、
通水に伴い、捕捉したＳＳ(浮遊物質)の蓄積と生物膜の
成長によりろ層が閉塞し、通常洗浄が必要となる。一般
的には、生物膜濾過処理では水より重い濾材を使用する
ケ−スが多く、洗浄方法は濾過槽下部から空気を供給し
て行う空気洗浄工程や濾過槽下部から水を供給して行う
水洗浄工程、また、空気洗浄と水洗浄を同時に行う空
気、水同時洗浄工程等を組み合わせて洗浄が行われる。
一方、浮上性の濾材を有する濾過装置に適用する場合、
空気は濾過槽下部から通気し、水は濾過槽上部より下向
流で通水することになる。In both the denitrification tank, the case in which the nitrification tank is separated (FIG. 5), and the case in which it is a single tank (FIG. 6),
When water is passed, the filter layer is clogged due to the accumulation of trapped SS (suspended substances) and the growth of biofilms, which usually requires washing. Generally, in the biofilm filtration process, there are many cases where a filter material heavier than water is used, and the cleaning method is an air cleaning step in which air is supplied from the lower part of the filter tank or water is supplied from the lower part of the filter tank. Washing is performed by combining a water washing step, and an air and water simultaneous washing step in which air washing and water washing are performed at the same time.
On the other hand, when applied to a filter device having a floatable filter medium,
Air is aerated from the lower part of the filter tank, and water flows downward from the upper part of the filter tank.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述した浮上性の濾材
は、水に浮くため、水より重い濾材に比べて洗浄時の空
気量、水量は少なくて済む長所がある。大粒径例えば粒
径5mm以上の濾材を使用した場合、ＳＳ捕捉は表層濾過
から体積濾過に変わり、槽全体を有効に使え、急激な濾
抗上昇もなくなり、洗浄頻度も少なくなる傾向にある。
しかしながら、ＳＳ以外の脱窒菌、BOD酸化菌、硝化菌
等の菌体の増殖に起因した生物膜の肥大による濾材同士
の合体が著しくなった場合は、濾材自体が水よりも軽い
ため、通常の槽底部から空気洗浄、槽上部からの水洗浄
だけでは、水よりも重い濾材に比べると通常の場合と逆
に洗浄水量、空気量を多く使わなければならなかった。Since the above-mentioned levitation filter medium floats on water, it has an advantage that the amount of air and the amount of water at the time of cleaning can be smaller than those of a filter medium that is heavier than water. When a filter material having a large particle size, for example, a particle size of 5 mm or more is used, SS trapping is changed from surface layer filtration to volumetric filtration, the entire tank can be effectively used, a rapid increase in filtration resistance is eliminated, and the frequency of cleaning tends to be low.
However, when the combination of filter media due to the enlargement of biofilm due to the growth of bacterial bodies such as denitrifying bacteria other than SS, BOD oxidizing bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, etc. becomes remarkable, the filter media itself is lighter than water, It was necessary to use a large amount of washing water and air, contrary to the usual case, when washing the air from the bottom of the tank and washing the water from the top of the tank, as compared with a filter medium that is heavier than water.
【０００８】本発明は、上述の事情に鑑みなされたもの
で、洗浄時の空気量及び水量を低減できるとともに洗浄
頻度が少ない生物膜濾過装置を提供することを目的とす
る。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a biofilm filtration device that can reduce the amount of air and water during washing and that is less frequently washed.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の目的を達成するた
め本発明は、充填層に浮上性の濾材を充填し、原水を上
向流にて通水する上向流生物膜濾過装置において、充填
層内で水平方向に水流と空気を噴出する噴出管を設け、
槽内液をポンプにて前記噴出管に供給可能にすると共に
該配管に空気配管を接続したことを特徴とするものであ
る。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an upflow biofilm filtration device in which a packed bed is filled with a buoyant filter medium and raw water is passed in an upward flow. provided jet pipe for jetting water flow and air horizontally within the packed bed,
The liquid in the tank can be supplied to the jet pipe by a pump, and an air pipe is connected to the pipe.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】以下、本発明に係る生物膜濾過装置の一実施
例を図１乃至図４を参照して説明する。図１は本発明の
生物膜濾過装置の概念図である。生物膜濾過装置は濾材
充填部７を備えており、濾材充填部７の上部には濾材流
出防止用の集水板８が設けられている。濾材充填部７に
洗浄水を供給する洗浄水供給管１１′は充填部上部に配
置されている。洗浄配管１１は槽底部から引き出され、
ポンプ１２を経由して充填部に設置してある噴出管１４
に接続されている。空気配管１０はポンプ吐出側に接続
され空気と水ががよく混合できるようになっている。空
気配管１０にはブロワー９が設置されている。また、空
気配管１０は濾過槽底部にも接続され、通常の空気洗浄
用として使用することができる。なお、符号１３は洗浄
水排出口である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the biofilm filtration device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of the biofilm filtration device of the present invention. The biofilm filtration device is provided with a filter medium filling section 7, and a water collecting plate 8 for preventing the filter medium outflow is provided above the filter medium filling section 7. A cleaning water supply pipe 11 'for supplying cleaning water to the filter material filling section 7 is arranged above the filling section. The cleaning pipe 11 is pulled out from the bottom of the tank,
Jet pipe 14 installed in the filling section via the pump 12
It is connected to the. The air pipe 10 is connected to the pump discharge side so that air and water can be mixed well. A blower 9 is installed in the air pipe 10. The air pipe 10 is also connected to the bottom of the filtration tank and can be used for normal air cleaning. Reference numeral 13 is a wash water outlet.
【００１１】図２は図１のＡ部詳細を示す図である。図
２に示す噴出管１４は多方向に分岐した構造を有してい
る。噴出管は図２に示すように多方向に分岐した場合、
一方向の場合のどちらのケ−スも利用できる。噴出管の
分岐は装置の大きさ、SS捕捉性により使い分ける。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing details of the portion A of FIG. The ejection pipe 14 shown in FIG. 2 has a structure branched in multiple directions. When the ejection pipe is branched in multiple directions as shown in Fig. 2,
Either case for the unidirectional case can be used. The branch of the ejection pipe is used properly depending on the size of the device and the SS trapping property.
【００１２】図３及び図４は噴出管の種々の構造を示す
図である。噴出管１４は図３に示すように槽鉛直方向に
複数分岐させ、自動弁１５の開閉により任意に洗浄水、
洗浄水＋空気を供給できる。さらに装置が大規模化した
場合には図４に示すように噴出管１４を槽水平方向に複
数分岐させ、自動弁１５の開閉により任意に洗浄水、洗
浄水＋空気を供給できる。自動弁１５は全部が一括して
開閉する場合と、タイマ−１６により順次開閉できる場
合とどちらかをを選択できるようになっている。なお、
自動弁については電磁弁、電動弁等が利用でき、弁開閉
の駆動も電気以外に空気圧を利用したものでも使用でき
る。3 and 4 are views showing various structures of the ejection pipe. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of jet pipes 14 are branched in the vertical direction of the tank, and an automatic valve 15 is opened / closed to arbitrarily wash water,
Can supply cleaning water + air. Further, when the apparatus becomes large-scale, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of jet pipes 14 are branched in the horizontal direction of the tank, and the automatic valve 15 is opened / closed to optionally supply washing water or washing water + air. The automatic valve 15 can be opened or closed all at once or can be opened or closed sequentially by a timer-16. In addition,
As the automatic valve, a solenoid valve, a motor-operated valve, or the like can be used, and a valve that opens and closes can be driven by air pressure in addition to electricity.
【００１３】浮上濾材の洗浄工程は水と空気を利用し、
空気は濾槽下部より供給し、水は濾槽上部から供給す
る。The step of cleaning the floating filter medium uses water and air,
Air is supplied from the lower part of the filter tank, and water is supplied from the upper part of the filter tank.
【００１４】ここで濾材が生物膜の肥大あるいは流入Ｓ
Ｓの捕捉により、合体して洗浄時にほぐれにくくなった
場合、空洗、空水洗時に噴出管１４より洗浄水、洗浄水
＋空気を導入する。空水洗時は、噴出管１４からは洗浄
水のみ、水洗時は、噴出管１４から洗浄水＋空気を導入
する。Here, the filter medium is a biofilm swelling or inflow S
When S is trapped and it becomes difficult to loosen during cleaning, the cleaning water or the cleaning water + air is introduced from the ejection pipe 14 during the air cleaning or the air cleaning. At the time of washing with air, only the washing water is introduced from the jet pipe 14, and at the time of washing with water, the washing water + air is introduced from the jet pipe 14.
【００１５】次に本発明と従来法の比較例を示す。直径
500mm、高さ5000ｍｍの透明塩ビ製の実験装置が２基、
図５に示すフロ−と同じ配置になっている。この系列が
２系列（本発明、従来法）ある。充填材は粒径5mmの浮
上濾材を使用し、脱窒槽、硝化槽各々に２mの充填をし
た。対象廃水は下水の初沈越流水である。硝化菌、脱窒
菌が各槽の濾材に十分付着した定常状態下で本発明と従
来法それぞれの方法にて洗浄を行った。洗浄は濾過抵抗
が100〜200cmＨ2Ｏ以上になった時点で行った。この時
の浮上濾材は合体した状態になっていた。Next, a comparative example of the present invention and the conventional method will be shown. diameter
Two 500mm, 5000mm high transparent PVC experimental equipment,
It has the same arrangement as the flow shown in FIG. There are two series (the present invention and the conventional method). As the filler, a floating filter medium having a particle diameter of 5 mm was used, and 2 m were filled in each of the denitrification tank and the nitrification tank. The target wastewater is the first settling runoff of sewage. Washing was performed by the method of the present invention and the conventional method under a steady state in which nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria were sufficiently adhered to the filter media in each tank. The washing was performed when the filtration resistance became 100 to 200 cmH 2 O or more. At this time, the floating filter medium was in a united state.
【００１６】従来法では、濾材が合体していない状態で
洗浄を行った時は、水洗、空水洗時の空気量は0.2〜0.3
m3/(m2・min)、水洗量は0.8〜1.2m3/(m2・min)程度であ
る。しかし、濾材が合体し、濾過抵抗が100〜200cmH2O
以上となったこのケースでは従来法の系列の空気量は0.
5〜0.8m3/(m2・min)、水洗量1.5〜2.5m3/(m2・min)の条
件で洗浄が必要となった。一方、本発明では空気量は0.
2m3/(m2・min)、水洗量は0.8m3/(m2・min)必要であっ
た。このように本発明は濾材が合体したケースにおいて
も空気量、水洗量は通常の場合と変わらず洗浄が可能で
あった。尚、本発明の噴出管からの空気量、水洗量は上
記値の中に含まれている。In the conventional method, when washing is carried out in a state where the filter media are not united, the amount of air at the time of washing with water and washing with empty water is 0.2 to 0.3.
m 3 / (m 2 · min), the amount washed with water is about 0.8 to 1.2 m 3 / (m 2 · min). However, the filter media coalesces and the filtration resistance is 100-200 cmH 2 O.
In this case, the amount of air in the conventional method is 0.
Cleaning was required under the conditions of 5 to 0.8 m 3 / (m 2 · min) and the amount of washing with water 1.5 to 2.5 m 3 / (m 2 · min). On the other hand, in the present invention, the amount of air is 0.
2m 3 / (m 2 · min) and the amount of washing with water needed 0.8m 3 / (m 2 · min). As described above, according to the present invention, even in the case where the filter media are combined, the amount of air and the amount of water to be washed are the same as those in the usual case, and the washing can be performed. The amount of air from the jet pipe and the amount of water washed in the present invention are included in the above values.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、洗
浄時にろ層内に設置した噴出管より水流＋空気を水平方
向に導入することで、濾材が合体し濾過抵抗が高くなっ
た時の洗浄時の空気量、水量が従来法の半分以下に低減
できると同時に洗浄頻度も従来法より格段に少なくでき
る。According to the present invention described above, according to the present invention, the Rimizu flow + air by jet pipe installed in filtration layer by introducing in the horizontal direction during the cleaning, the filter media coalesce filtration resistance becomes high The amount of air and water during cleaning can be reduced to less than half that of the conventional method, and at the same time the cleaning frequency can be significantly reduced compared to the conventional method.
【図１】本発明に係る生物膜濾過装置の一実施例を示す
概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a biofilm filtration device according to the present invention.
【図２】図１のＡ部詳細を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing details of a portion A in FIG.
【図３】噴出管の一例を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an ejection pipe.
【図４】噴出管の他の例を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of the ejection pipe.
【図５】従来の生物膜濾過装置の一例を示す概略図であ
る。FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of a conventional biofilm filtration device.
【図６】従来の生物膜濾過装置の他の例を示す概略図で
ある。FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing another example of a conventional biofilm filtration device.
１ 脱窒槽 １′ 嫌気部 ２ 硝化槽 ２′ 好気部 ３ 硝化槽循環液 ４ 原水 ５ 空気配管 ６ 処理水 ７ 濾材充填部 ８ 集水板 ９ ブロワー １０ 空気配管 １１ 洗浄水配管 １１′洗浄水供給配管 １２ ポンプ １３ 洗浄水排出口 １４ 噴出管 １５ 自動弁 １６ タイマー 1 denitrification tank 1'anaerobic part 2 Nitrification tank 2'Aerobic part 3 Nitrification tank circulating liquid 4 Raw water 5 air piping 6 treated water 7 Filter media filling section 8 water collecting board 9 Blower 10 Air piping 11 Cleaning water piping 11 'Wash water supply pipe 12 pumps 13 Wash water outlet 14 Spout pipe 15 Automatic valve 16 timer
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 七森 祐子 東京都大田区羽田旭町11番１号 株式会 社 荏原製作所内 (56)参考文献 特開 平７−47382（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−66194（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−202197（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Inventor Yuko Nanamori 11-1 Haneda-Asahicho, Ota-ku, Tokyo Stock market Inside the EBARA CORPORATION (56) Reference JP-A-7-47382 (JP, A) JP-A-4-66194 (JP, A) JP-A-3-202197 (JP, A)
Claims (3)
上向流にて通水する上向流生物膜濾過装置において、充
填層内で水平方向に水流と空気を噴出する噴出管を設
け、槽内液をポンプにて前記噴出管に供給可能にすると
共に該噴出管に空気配管を接続したことを特徴とする上
向流生物膜濾過装置。1. A filled with filter media flying characteristics to the filling layer, in upflow biological membrane filtering device that passed through the raw water in upflow, jetting for jetting water flow and air horizontally within the packed bed An upflow biofilm filtration device, characterized in that a pipe is provided, the liquid in the tank can be supplied to the jet pipe by a pump, and an air pipe is connected to the jet pipe.
とを特徴とする請求項１に記載の上向流生物膜濾過装
置。2. The upflow biofilm filtration device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the ejection pipes are branched in multiple directions.
あるいは鉛直方向に複数配置し、前記配管ラインを槽内
循環液供給配管と接続し、前記複数の噴出管に自動弁に
より一括及び分割に循環液を供給可能にすることを特徴
とする請求項１又は２に記載の上向流生物膜濾過装置。3. A plurality of piping lines including the ejection pipes are arranged in a horizontal direction or a vertical direction, the piping lines are connected to a circulating liquid supply pipe in a tank, and the plural ejection pipes are collectively and divided by an automatic valve. The upflow biofilm filtration device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the circulating liquid can be supplied.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04823696A JP3369834B2 (en) | 1996-02-09 | 1996-02-09 | Biofilm filtration device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04823696A JP3369834B2 (en) | 1996-02-09 | 1996-02-09 | Biofilm filtration device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09215987A JPH09215987A (en) | 1997-08-19 |
| JP3369834B2 true JP3369834B2 (en) | 2003-01-20 |
Family
ID=12797817
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP04823696A Expired - Fee Related JP3369834B2 (en) | 1996-02-09 | 1996-02-09 | Biofilm filtration device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3369834B2 (en) |
-
1996
- 1996-02-09 JP JP04823696A patent/JP3369834B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH09215987A (en) | 1997-08-19 |
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