CN220012339U - Multifunctional biological filter - Google Patents
Multifunctional biological filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN220012339U CN220012339U CN202321333822.2U CN202321333822U CN220012339U CN 220012339 U CN220012339 U CN 220012339U CN 202321333822 U CN202321333822 U CN 202321333822U CN 220012339 U CN220012339 U CN 220012339U
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- denitrification
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- nitrification
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- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 109
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 13
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a multifunctional biological filter, which relates to the technical field of sewage treatment and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, a nitrifying filter and a denitrifying filter of the biological filter are respectively arranged, the occupied area is large and the cost is high. The biological filter improves the sewage treatment efficiency, reduces the occupied area and has the operation cost which is greatly lower than that of the traditional biological filter.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a multifunctional biological filter.
Background
The biological filter is a biological reaction structure filled by specific filler, wherein the filler can provide living space with structural support function for microorganisms, and sewage can be purified by the biological physiological function through contacting with the microorganisms enriched on the surface of the filler. The biological filter is characterized by integrating biological oxidation and physical interception filtration, and has the advantages of large volume load, short hydraulic retention time, less capital investment, high water quality and the like without arranging a secondary sedimentation tank.
However, the traditional biological filter also has certain disadvantages: a. because the generation proliferation period of the denitrifying heterotrophic bacteria and the nitrified autotrophic bacteria is different, the required environmental conditions are different, the nitrification and the denitrification can not be realized in the same filter tank at the same time, and the aeration biological filter tank and the denitrification biological filter tank are required to be arranged in a grading way, so that the occupied area and the investment cost are increased; b. the filter materials in the filter tank are arranged in a grading manner, the diameters of the filter materials are sequentially reduced from bottom to top, the filter materials with small particle diameters at the upper part are easy to run off along with water outlet, the treatment effect is reduced, and the subsequent process is adversely affected; c. the traditional biological filter adopts a long-handle filter head for distributing water and gas, the construction is complex, and the filter material of the filter is easy to be blocked and hardened.
Patent CN 211570248U discloses a biological filter, which comprises a water inlet regulating tank, a nitrifying filter tank, a denitrifying filter tank and a water outlet regulating tank which are sequentially connected in series; the inside of the nitrifying filter is sequentially provided with a first packing layer and a second packing layer along the water flow direction, the inside of the denitrifying filter is sequentially provided with a third packing layer, a fourth packing layer and a fifth packing layer along the water flow direction, and all the packing layers consist of packing with the particle size of 1-5 mm. The nitrifying filter and the denitrifying filter of the biological filter are respectively arranged, so that the occupied area and the investment cost are increased, and the biological filter is not economical.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a multifunctional biological filter, which solves the problems of large occupied area and high cost of the nitrifying filter and the denitrifying filter of the biological filter in the prior art, effectively removes ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen and suspended matters in wastewater, improves the treatment efficiency of the wastewater, reduces the occupied area, reduces the capital cost, simultaneously reduces the energy consumption of the biological filter and greatly reduces the operation cost compared with the traditional biological filter.
The utility model provides a multifunctional biological filter, which comprises a biological filter body, an air supply mechanism and a water supply mechanism, wherein a denitrification region, a nitrification region and a pipe distribution region are arranged in the biological filter body, the nitrification region and the denitrification region are sequentially and vertically arranged above the pipe distribution region, the water supply mechanism comprises a water distribution pipeline and a water supply pump, the water distribution pipeline is connected with the water supply pump and extends into the pipe distribution region, the air supply mechanism comprises a fan, an upper air distribution pipeline and a lower air distribution pipeline, the upper air distribution pipeline and the lower air distribution pipeline are connected in parallel and then are connected with the fan, control valves are arranged at the inlet ends of the upper air distribution pipeline and the lower air distribution pipeline, the upper air distribution pipeline extends to the lower side of the nitrification region, the lower air distribution pipeline extends into the pipe distribution region, and a water outlet is arranged at the top of the denitrification region.
As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the biological filter further comprises a first filter plate and a second filter plate, wherein the first filter plate and the second filter plate are respectively and horizontally arranged at the lower side of the denitrification region and the lower side of the nitrification region, and the peripheries of the first filter plate and the second filter plate are connected with the inner wall of the biological filter body.
As a preferable scheme of the utility model, the denitrification region comprises a supporting layer, a denitrification filter layer and a denitrification region protection layer, wherein the denitrification filter layer and the denitrification region protection layer are sequentially and vertically arranged above the supporting layer, the upper gas distribution pipeline extends into the denitrification region protection layer, and the backwash water outlet is correspondingly arranged on the side wall of the denitrification region protection layer.
As a preferable scheme of the utility model, the nitrification zone comprises a nitrification filter material layer, a nitrification zone protection layer and an effluent weir, wherein the nitrification zone protection layer is arranged on the upper side of the nitrification filter material layer, the effluent weir is arranged on the upper side of the nitrification zone protection layer, and a water outlet is arranged on the effluent weir.
As a preferred scheme of the utility model, the biological filter body comprises a first tank body and a second tank body, wherein the second tank body is connected to the upper side of the first tank body, the cross-sectional areas of the first tank body in the vertical direction are equal, the cross-sectional area of the second tank body is gradually increased from bottom to top, the denitrification region is arranged in the first tank body, and the nitrification region is arranged in the second tank body.
As a preferable scheme of the utility model, the water outlet is connected with the water distribution pipeline through a circulating pipeline.
As a preferable scheme of the utility model, a carbon source adding device is arranged on the water distribution pipeline and is used for adding a carbon source to the denitrification region.
As a preferable scheme of the utility model, the height of the supporting layer is 20-30cm, the height of the denitrification filter layer is 100-300cm, and the height of the denitrification region protection layer is 50-80cm.
As a preferable scheme of the utility model, the height of the nitrifying filter layer is 200-400cm, and the height of the nitrifying zone protective layer is 50-80cm.
As a preferable scheme of the utility model, the filter material in the denitrification filter layer is biological ceramsite or expanded clay, the diameter of the filter material in the denitrification filter layer is 4-6mm, the filter material in the nitrification filter layer is volcanic rock, and the diameter of the filter material in the nitrification filter layer is 2-4mm.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following positive effects:
the multifunctional biological filter provided by the utility model comprises a biological filter body, an air supply mechanism and a water supply mechanism, wherein a denitrification region, a nitrification region and a pipe distribution region are arranged in the biological filter body, the nitrification region and the denitrification region are sequentially and vertically arranged above the pipe distribution region, the water supply mechanism comprises a water distribution pipeline and a water supply pump, the water distribution pipeline is connected with the water supply pump and extends into the pipe distribution region, the air supply mechanism comprises a fan, an upper air distribution pipeline and a lower air distribution pipeline, the upper air distribution pipeline and the lower air distribution pipeline are connected in parallel and then are connected with the fan, control valves are arranged at the inlet ends of the upper air distribution pipeline and the lower air distribution pipeline, the upper air distribution pipeline extends to the lower side of the nitrification region, the lower air distribution pipeline extends into the pipe distribution region, and a backwash outlet is arranged at the top of the denitrification region. When the multifunctional biological filter is in operation, sewage is conveyed to a pipe distribution area in the biological filter body through a water distribution pipeline by a water supply pump, the sewage flows upwards to a denitrification area, and denitrifying bacteria reduce nitrate nitrogen in the sewage and return water in the denitrification area into nitrogen which overflows from the water to complete a denitrification process, so that organic matters and nitrate nitrogen are removed; the sewage flows upwards to the nitrification zone, nitrifying bacteria in the nitrification zone are used for removing ammonia nitrogen and partial residual organic matters, and meanwhile most suspended matters in the sewage are intercepted in the process of passing through the nitrification zone and the denitrification zone, so that the sewage is clarified, and the sewage flows out of the biological filter body from the top of the nitrification zone. According to the multifunctional biological filter, the nitrification area is arranged above the denitrification area, and the two biological reaction areas are arranged in the same biological filter body, so that the nitrification/denitrification function is realized in one filter, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen and suspended matters in wastewater are effectively removed, the sewage treatment efficiency is improved, the occupied area is reduced, and the capital cost is reduced. In addition, the biological filter enables the water inlet and the backwash water to share the same water supply mechanism, the same air supply mechanism is adopted for providing aeration and providing air backwash, the fan is used as an aeration fan in normal operation, and is used as a backwash fan in backwash, so that electric equipment is reduced, the energy consumption of the biological filter is reduced, and the operation cost is greatly lower than that of the traditional biological filter. Furthermore, the denitrification region and the nitrification region can respectively perform regular back flushing, the cleaned sewage is respectively discharged from a back flushing water outlet at the top of the denitrification region and the top of the nitrification region, the cleaning is simple and convenient, the equipment maintenance cost is low, and the high-efficiency operation of the equipment is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multifunctional biofilter of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the water distribution pipeline and the air distribution pipeline in the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the first filter plate and the second filter plate in the present utility model.
In the figure: 1. a biological filter body; 11. a first tank portion; 12. a second tank portion; 2. a gas supply mechanism; 21. a blower; 22. a lower gas distribution pipeline; 23. an upper gas distribution pipeline; 3. a water supply mechanism; 31. a water supply pump; 32. a water distribution pipeline; 33. a carbon source adding device; 41. a first filter plate; 42. a second filter plate; 5. a cloth area; 6. a denitrification zone; 61. a support layer; 62. a denitrification filter layer; 63. a denitrification region protective layer; 7. a nitration zone; 71. a nitrifying filter material layer; 72. a nitrifying zone protective layer; 73. and a water outlet weir.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present utility model, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "head," "tail," and the like are merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the utility model based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The following describes the embodiments of the present utility model in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Example 1:
the multifunctional biological filter provided by the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-3, comprises a biological filter body 1, an air supply mechanism 2 and a water supply mechanism 3. The biological filter body 1 is internally provided with a denitrification region 6, a nitrification region 7 and a cloth region 5, and the nitrification region 7 and the denitrification region 6 are sequentially and vertically arranged above the cloth region 5. The water supply mechanism 3 comprises a water distribution pipeline 32 and a water supply pump 31, and the water distribution pipeline 32 is connected with the water supply pump 31 and extends into the water distribution pipe section 5. The air supply mechanism 2 comprises a fan 21, an upper air distribution pipeline 23 and a lower air distribution pipeline 22, wherein the upper air distribution pipeline 23 and the lower air distribution pipeline 22 are connected in parallel and then connected with the fan 21, control valves are arranged at the inlet ends of the upper air distribution pipeline 23 and the lower air distribution pipeline 22, and the fan 21 can supply air for the upper air distribution pipeline 23 and the lower air distribution pipeline 22 respectively. The upper gas distribution pipeline 23 extends to the lower side of the nitrifying zone 7, the lower gas distribution pipeline 22 extends into the gas distribution zone 5, and a backwash water outlet is arranged at the top of the denitrification zone 6. The upper air distribution pipeline 23 and the lower air distribution pipeline 22 are both connected with a total air supply pipeline and connected with the fan 21 through the total air supply pipeline. As shown in fig. 2, the water distribution pipes 32 and the lower water distribution pipes 22 are staggered in the water distribution area 5.
When the multifunctional biological filter is operated, sewage is conveyed to the pipe distribution area 5 in the biological filter body 1 through the water distribution pipeline 32 by the water supply pump 31, the sewage flows upwards to the denitrification area 6, and the denitrification bacteria reduce nitrate nitrogen in the sewage and return water in the nitrification area into nitrogen and overflow from the water to complete a denitrification process, so that organic matters and nitrate nitrogen are removed; the sewage flows upwards to the nitrification zone 7, nitrifying bacteria in the nitrification zone 7 are used for removing ammonia nitrogen and part of residual organic matters, and meanwhile most suspended matters in the sewage are intercepted in the process of passing through the nitrification zone 7 and the denitrification zone 6, so that the sewage is clarified, and the sewage flows out of the biological filter body 1 from the top of the nitrification zone 7.
The reaction in the denitrification zone is carried out under anaerobic conditions, denitrifying bacteria are heterotrophic bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria live in aerobic water or sand layers, and only if the supply of water and oxygen is satisfied, the denitrifying bacteria can survive. In the sewage treatment process of the biological filter, the control valve at the inlet end of the upper gas distribution pipeline 23 is opened, the control valve at the inlet end of the lower gas distribution pipeline 22 is closed, the fan 21 only supplies gas for the upper gas distribution pipeline 23, so that the nitrifying area is in an oxygen supply state, the denitrifying area is in an oxygen-free state, and the reaction requirements of all areas in the biological filter are met.
When the multifunctional biological filter is used for backwashing the denitrification region 6, a control valve at the inlet end of the lower gas distribution pipeline 22 is opened, and compressed air is adopted for backwashing alone, so that a large amount of biological films adhered to the surface of the filter material of the denitrification region 6 are peeled off; then, a water supply mechanism 3 is adopted to provide backflushing water, so that air and water are combined for backflushing, the backflushing water can bring the peeled biological film out of a tank from a backflushing water outlet at the top of a denitrification region 6, and under the combined action of compressed air, a filter material layer of the denitrification region 6 is loosened and slightly expanded, so that the biological film is easier to be washed away by the water, the backflushing strength of the water can be reduced, and the backflushing water quantity is reduced; and finally, a water supply mechanism 3 is adopted independently to wash with water, and the filtering layer of the denitrification region 6 is washed clean. When the multifunctional biological filter of the embodiment backflushes the nitrifying region 7, a control valve of the upper air distribution pipeline 23 is opened, a large amount of biological films adhered on the surface of a filter material of the nitrifying region 7 are peeled off by compressed air, then a water supply mechanism 3 is adopted to provide backflushing water from the bottom of the denitrifying region 6, gas and water combined backflushing is carried out, and backflushing water flows out of the biological filter body 1 from the top of the nitrifying region 7.
The multifunctional biological filter of the embodiment realizes the nitrification/denitrification function in one filter by arranging the nitrification region 7 above the denitrification region 6 and arranging two biological reaction regions in the same biological filter body 1, effectively removes ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen and suspended matters in wastewater, improves the treatment efficiency of the wastewater, reduces the occupied area and reduces the construction cost. In addition, the biological filter enables the water inlet and the backwash water to share the same water supply mechanism 3, the same air supply mechanism 2 is adopted for providing aeration and air backwash, the fan 21 is used as an aeration fan in normal operation, and is used as a backwash fan in backwash, so that electric equipment is reduced, the energy consumption of the biological filter is reduced, and the operation cost is greatly lower than that of the traditional biological filter. Furthermore, the denitrification region 6 and the nitrification region 7 can respectively perform regular back flushing, the cleaned sewage is respectively discharged from a back flushing water outlet at the top of the denitrification region 6 and the top of the nitrification region 7, the cleaning is simple and convenient, the equipment maintenance cost is lower, and the efficient operation of the equipment is ensured.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the multifunctional biological filter of the present embodiment further includes a first filter plate 41 and a second filter plate 42, the first filter plate 41 and the second filter plate 42 are respectively horizontally disposed at the lower side of the denitrification region 6 and the lower side of the nitrification region 7, and the peripheries of the first filter plate 41 and the second filter plate 42 are connected with the inner wall of the biological filter body 1. The first filter plate 41 and the second filter plate 42 respectively play a role in bearing and supporting the denitrification region 6 and the nitrification region 7, and simultaneously play a role in filtering sewage, and the second filter plate 42 has a role in blocking filter materials in the denitrification region 6.
As shown in fig. 3, the first filter plate 41 and the second filter plate 42 adopt perforated plates, and long-handle filter heads are not required to distribute water and gas, so that the filter tank is not easy to block and runs more stably compared with the traditional water and gas distribution mode provided with the long-handle filter heads.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the denitrification region 6 comprises a supporting layer 61, a denitrification filter layer 62 and a denitrification region protection layer 63, the denitrification filter layer 62 and the denitrification region protection layer 63 are sequentially and vertically arranged above the supporting layer 61, the upper gas distribution pipeline 23 extends into the denitrification region protection layer 63, and the backwash water discharge outlet is correspondingly arranged on the side wall of the denitrification region protection layer 63. The support layer 61 is disposed over the first filter sheet 41 and the second filter sheet 42 is disposed over the denitrification region protection layer 63. The denitrifying bacteria are attached to the filter material of the denitrification filter layer 62, and can fully contact and react with the sewage passing through. Preferably, the height of the supporting layer 61 is 20-30cm, the height of the denitrification filter layer 62 is 100-300cm, and the height of the denitrification region protection layer 63 is 50-80cm. Preferably, the filter material in the denitrification filter layer 62 is biological ceramsite or expanded clay, and the diameter of the filter material in the denitrification filter layer 62 is 4-6mm.
The denitrification region protection layer 63 is a water layer with a certain height, on one hand, a certain space is provided for the micro-expansion state of the filter material in the filtering layer of the lower denitrification region during backwashing, so as to prevent the filter material from running off, and on the other hand, a collection space is provided for backwashing wastewater, and meanwhile, the filter material in the denitrification region 6 is prevented from entering the upper nitrification region 7 during backwashing.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the nitrification zone 7 includes a nitrification filter layer 71, a nitrification zone protection layer 72, and an effluent weir 73, the nitrification zone protection layer 72 is disposed on the upper side of the nitrification filter layer 71, the effluent weir 73 is disposed on the upper side of the nitrification zone protection layer 72, and a water outlet is disposed on the effluent weir 73. The nitrifying filter layer 71 is provided on the second filter sheet 42. Preferably, the height of the nitrifying filter layer 71 is 200-400cm and the height of the nitrifying zone protection layer 72 is 50-80cm. The filter material in the nitrifying filter layer 71 is volcanic rock, and the diameter of the filter material in the nitrifying filter layer 71 is 2-4mm. An effluent weir 73 is located on the upper side of the nitrifying zone protective layer 72 for effluent.
The nitrification region protection layer 72 is a water layer with a certain height, on one hand, a water layer space with a certain height is formed at the upper part of the nitrification filter material layer 71, filter materials of the nitrification filter material layer 71 are prevented from running off during backwashing, a space for installing the water outlet weir 73 is reserved, and the system produced water is collected and conveyed to the next process section through the water outlet weir 73.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the biofilter body 1 includes a first tank body 11 and a second tank body 12, and the second tank body 12 is connected to an upper side of the first tank body 11. The cross-sectional areas of the first tank portions 11 in the vertical direction are equal. The cross-sectional area of the second tank portion 12 gradually increases from bottom to top. The denitrification region 6 is arranged in the first tank body 11, and the nitrification region 7 is arranged in the second tank body 12. The first cell body 11 is cylindrical or rectangular parallelepiped, and the second cell body 12 is inverted conical or chamfered.
The sewage is filtered at constant speed when passing through the denitrification region 6, the sewage is filtered at variable speed when passing through the nitrification region 7, the cross-sectional area of the nitrification region 7 is gradually increased from bottom to top, and the hydraulic retention time ratio of the denitrification region 6 to the nitrification region 7 is 2:1-5:1. The flow rate of sewage is reduced from bottom to top when the sewage passes through the nitrifying zone 7, so that the flow rate of the sewage when the sewage passes through the water outlet weir 73 is reduced, and the sewage is prevented from flushing the filter material out of the biological filter body 1.
Preferably, the water outlet is connected to the water distribution line 32 by a circulation line. After the sewage is purified by the denitrification region 6 and the nitrification region 7, the sewage flows out of the biological filter body 1 through the water outlet weir 73, part of the effluent can flow into the water distribution pipeline 32 through the circulating pipeline in a circulating way, enters the biological filter body 1 for denitrification reaction and is circularly purified, and when the sewage meets the requirements, the sewage is discharged out of the system through the water outlet.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, a carbon source adding device 33 is provided on the water distribution pipeline 32, and the carbon source adding device 33 is used for adding a carbon source to the denitrification region 6. The denitrifying bacteria are heterotrophic bacteria, and organic matters with certain concentration are needed to be used as carbon sources in the denitrification reaction, so that specific carbon sources in the water body are needed to be maintained, the additional carbon sources needed in the denitrification process can be solutions of substances such as methanol, acetic acid, sodium acetate or glucose, and the like, and the solutions are stored by a carbon source storage tank and accurately added into the anoxic denitrification region 6 according to calculation requirements by a carbon source adding pump.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, but the scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can make several variations and modifications without departing from the inventive concept, and it is intended to cover the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. The multifunctional biological filter is characterized by comprising a biological filter body (1), an air supply mechanism (2) and a water supply mechanism (3), wherein a denitrification region (6), a nitrification region (7) and a pipe distribution region (5) are arranged in the biological filter body (1), the nitrification region (7) and the denitrification region (6) are sequentially and vertically arranged above the pipe distribution region (5), the water supply mechanism (3) comprises a water distribution pipeline (32) and a water supply pump (31), the water distribution pipeline (32) is connected with the water supply pump (31) and extends into the pipe distribution region (5), the air supply mechanism (2) comprises a fan (21), an upper air distribution pipeline (23) and a lower air distribution pipeline (22), the upper air distribution pipeline (23) and the lower air distribution pipeline (22) are connected in parallel and then are respectively provided with a control valve at the inlet ends of the upper air distribution pipeline (23) and the lower air distribution pipeline (22), the upper air distribution pipeline (23) extends into the water distribution region (5), and the water distribution pipeline (22) extends into the water outlet (6) of the water outlet of the denitrification region (6);
the denitrification region (6) comprises a supporting layer (61), a denitrification filter material layer (62) and a denitrification region protection layer (63), the denitrification filter material layer (62) and the denitrification region protection layer (63) are sequentially and vertically arranged above the supporting layer (61), the upper gas distribution pipeline (23) extends into the denitrification region protection layer (63), and the backwash water outlet is correspondingly arranged on the side wall of the denitrification region protection layer (63);
the nitrification region (7) comprises a nitrification filter material layer (71), a nitrification region protection layer (72) and a water outlet weir (73), the nitrification region protection layer (72) is arranged on the upper side of the nitrification filter material layer (71), the water outlet weir (73) is arranged on the upper side of the nitrification region protection layer (72), and a water outlet is arranged on the water outlet weir (73).
2. A multifunctional biological filter according to claim 1, further comprising a first filter plate (41) and a second filter plate (42), wherein the first filter plate (41) and the second filter plate (42) are respectively horizontally arranged at the lower side of the denitrification region (6) and the lower side of the nitrification region (7), and the peripheries of the first filter plate (41) and the second filter plate (42) are connected with the inner wall of the biological filter body (1).
3. The multifunctional biological filter according to claim 1, wherein the biological filter body (1) comprises a first tank body (11) and a second tank body (12), the second tank body (12) is connected to the upper side of the first tank body (11), the cross-sectional areas of the first tank body (11) in the vertical direction are equal, the cross-sectional area of the second tank body (12) is gradually increased from bottom to top, the denitrification region (6) is arranged in the first tank body (11), and the nitrification region (7) is arranged in the second tank body (12).
4. A multifunctional biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the water outlet is connected to the water distribution line (32) by a circulation line.
5. A multifunctional biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that a carbon source adding device (33) is arranged on the water distribution pipeline (32), and the carbon source adding device (33) is used for adding a carbon source to the denitrification region (6).
6. A multifunctional biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the supporting layer (61) is 20-30cm, the height of the denitrification filter layer (62) is 100-300cm, and the height of the denitrification zone protection layer (63) is 50-80cm.
7. A multifunctional biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the nitrifying filter layer (71) is 200-400cm and the height of the nitrifying zone protective layer (72) is 50-80cm.
8. The multifunctional biological filter according to claim 1, wherein the filter material in the denitrification filter layer (62) is biological ceramsite or expanded clay, the diameter of the filter material in the denitrification filter layer (62) is 4-6mm, the filter material in the nitrification filter layer (71) is volcanic rock, and the diameter of the filter material in the nitrification filter layer (71) is 2-4mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321333822.2U CN220012339U (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Multifunctional biological filter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202321333822.2U CN220012339U (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Multifunctional biological filter |
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| CN220012339U true CN220012339U (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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| CN202321333822.2U Active CN220012339U (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | Multifunctional biological filter |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220012339U (en) |
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2023
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