JP3350832B2 - Fire detection method and fire detection device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire detecting apparatus for detecting a fire using, for example, an optical fiber, and more particularly to a fire detecting apparatus for performing a differential fire detecting operation based on data from an optical fiber.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been a fire detecting sensor disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-73400 for detecting a fire using an optical fiber. This is provided with an optical fiber as a sensor unit, and a light emitting and receiving unit for detecting pulsed laser light having an output equal to or greater than the Raman threshold from the input end of the optical fiber and detecting backscattered light from within the optical fiber, The position on the optical fiber and the temperature at that position are measured based on the temperature dependence of the intensity of the backscattered light and the time difference from the time when the pulsed light is incident, and a fire is determined only based on the measured temperature.

A conventional fire detection device using an optical fiber uses the above-described fire detection sensor to detect a fire. When a fire exceeds a predetermined temperature, the fire is detected at a constant temperature. It was due to a formula operation.

[0004]

Conventionally, fire detectors used in fire detection equipment generally include a constant-temperature spot-type fire detector (mainly a bimetal or the like),
There are various types of differential spot type fire detectors (mainly using air chambers, etc.) and differential distribution type fire detectors (mainly using air tubes, etc.). Each of the sensors has advantages and disadvantages, and an optimal sensor is selected and used based on the installation location in the building. Therefore, in the conventional fire detection device as described above, when an optical fiber is used as a sensor,
There was a problem that the optimum fire discrimination based on the installation location could not be performed.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an optical fiber is used as a sensor.
It is an object of the present invention to obtain a fire detection method and a fire detection device capable of performing an optimal and effective fire discrimination based on an installation location.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fire detecting method for measuring a temperature at each position on an optical fiber which is double-installed in a fire monitoring area and one of which is covered with a heat insulating material. Then, specify the range on the optical fiber not covered with the corresponding heat insulating material and the range on the optical fiber covered with the corresponding heat insulating material, calculate the difference value at each corresponding position, and calculate the difference value. And detecting a fire based on a preset fire discrimination value.

A fire detecting method according to a second aspect of the present invention measures a temperature at each position on an optical fiber, which is doubly provided in a fire monitoring area and one of which is covered with a heat insulating material, to measure a corresponding heat insulating material. Specify the range on the optical fiber that is not covered with the optical fiber and the range on the optical fiber that is covered with the heat insulating material, calculate the average value for each range, calculate the difference value between them, and calculate the difference value and the A fire is detected based on the set fire discrimination value.

A fire detecting device according to a third aspect of the present invention is an optical fiber which is double-installed in a fire monitoring area and one of which is covered with a heat insulating material, and measures the temperature at each position on the optical fiber. Measuring means, and when the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means, the area on the optical fiber not covered with the corresponding heat insulating material and the area on the optical fiber covered with the heat insulating material And calculating means for calculating a difference value at each corresponding position, and detecting a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire discrimination value.

A fire detecting apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is a fire detecting apparatus comprising: an optical fiber which is double-installed in a fire monitoring area and one of which is covered with a heat insulating material; Measuring means for measuring at intervals, and when the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means, the area on the optical fiber not covered by the corresponding heat insulating material and the area covered by the heat insulating material An arithmetic means for designating a range on the optical fiber, calculating an average value for each range, calculating a difference value between them, and detecting a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value. It is provided.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the temperature at each position on the optical fiber, which is doubly attached to the fire monitoring area and one of which is covered with the heat insulating material, is measured, and is covered with the corresponding heat insulating material. The range on the optical fiber not covered and the range on the optical fiber covered with heat insulating material are specified, and the difference value at each corresponding position is calculated, and the difference value and the preset fire discrimination value are calculated. A fire is detected based on the fire.

In the second invention, the temperature is measured at each position on the optical fiber which is doubly attached to the fire monitoring area and one of which is covered with the heat insulating material, and is covered with the corresponding heat insulating material. The range on the optical fiber that does not exist and the range on the optical fiber covered with heat insulating material are specified, the average value is calculated for each range, the difference value of the calculated average value is calculated, and the difference value is calculated And a fire is detected based on the preset fire discrimination value.

In the third aspect of the present invention, the optical fiber is double-attached to the fire monitoring area, one of the optical fiber is covered with a heat insulating material, and the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means for a predetermined time. Measured at intervals, when the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means by the calculating means, the area on the optical fiber that is not covered with the corresponding heat insulating material and the area covered with the heat insulating material The range on the optical fiber is designated, the difference value at each corresponding position is calculated, and a fire is detected based on the difference value and a preset fire discrimination value.

[0013] In the fourth invention, the optical fiber is double-attached to the fire monitoring area, one of which is covered with a heat insulating material, and the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means at a predetermined time interval. When the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means by the calculating means, the area on the optical fiber not covered with the corresponding heat insulating material and the heat insulating material are covered. A range on the optical fiber is specified, an average value is calculated for each range, a difference value between the calculated average values is calculated, and a fire is detected based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value. Is done.

[0014]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a fire detecting device according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a microprocessor (MPU) for controlling the entire apparatus, 1
1 is a ROM in which a program for performing a fire detection operation is stored, 12 is a RAM that stores data such as temperature when the fire detection operation is performed, 13 is an input device for inputting fire detection setting items and the like, 14 Has a light projecting unit and a light receiving unit such as a laser for obtaining backscattered light from the optical fiber 15, and a processing device that controls the light projecting unit and the light receiving unit and measures a position on the optical fiber 15 and a temperature at the position. Measurement unit (SE
, 16 is an interface that captures the position measured at SE14 and the temperature at that position, and 17 is a transmitting / receiving unit (hereinafter referred to as T) that transmits and receives signals such as a fire signal to and from a fire receiver or the like.
The reference numeral 18 denotes a heat insulating material that is folded back from the middle of the optical fiber 15 to the monitoring area, and is covered by one of the optical fibers 15 installed in a double manner.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of this embodiment. First, in this embodiment, as shown in Table 1, for a plurality of setting items DTn, a distance on the optical fiber 15 is set as Dm as a fire monitoring range, and a distance DS of a start point and a distance DE of an end point are set. Monitoring range D
A fire discrimination method and an address ADn for S to DE are set, and the fire discrimination method is FDL (constant temperature spot type), FDP (differential spot type), FDT (differential distribution type), and FDX (constant temperature type). Distribution type) is preset in the ROM 11 according to the environment of the monitoring range, and the FDP and F
In the setting items for which DT is set, the monitoring ranges DS to D
E is divided into a range DFS to DFE not covered by the heat insulating material 18 and a range DSS to DSE covered by the heat insulating material 18, and the optical fiber 15 is folded back.
The range covered with the heat insulating material 18 corresponding to the range DFS to DFE not covered with the heat insulating material 18 is DSE to DSS.

[0016]

[Table 1]

When the power is turned on, the apparatus is initialized (S100), a start command is sent to SE14 (S101), and time is waited for measuring the temperature on the optical fiber 15 in SE14 (S102). ), The entire distance Dm on the optical fiber 15 and its temperature Tm are read from the SE 14 (S103), and the data of the read distance Dm and its temperature Tm are stored in the RAM 12. Thereafter, the setting item DTn is subjected to the fire discrimination processing from the first DT1. First, n is set to "0" (S104), 1 is added to n (S105), and DS and DE of DTn or D
FS and DFE and DSS and DSE are read (S106), and S1
The total number CE of the temperature measurement points between DS and DE or between DFS and DFE read out at 06 is calculated (S107).

The method of determining the setting item DTn is FD.
L is determined (S108). If the determination method is FDL in S108, the FDL routine is entered (S10).
9) If the determination method is not FDL in S108, it is determined whether the determination method of the setting item DTn is FDP (S108).
110), if the discrimination method is FDP in S110, FDP
The routine is entered (S111), and the discrimination method is F in S110.
If it is not DP, it is determined whether or not the determination method of the setting item DTn is FDT (S112). If the determination method is FDT in S112, the FDT routine is started (S113).
If the determination method is not FDT in S112, the setting item DT
It is determined whether the determination method of n is FDX (S11).
4) If the discrimination method is FDX in S114, the FDX routine is started (S115), and the discrimination method is FDP in S114.
Otherwise, it is determined that the setting of the discrimination method is bad, and TR
A signal indicating a setting error is transmitted from X17 (S11).
6).

And FDL, FDP, FDT, FDX
When any of the routines is completed or a signal indicating a setting error is sent, it is determined whether the setting item DTn is equal to or greater than the last setting item DTE (S117).
If not, the process returns to S105 to perform a fire determination process for the next setting item. If DTn is equal to or greater than DTE in S117, a predetermined timing is set in S101 to keep the activation interval of SE14 constant every 15 seconds, for example.
And the above operation is repeated.

Next, the operation of the FDL routine will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the FDL routine. First, when the FDL routine starts, the FD
A reference value SL for determining a fire in L is read from a storage area set in the ROM 11 or the like (S120), and the distance DS of the start point of the area to be determined is set as Dm (for example, the distance D1 in the setting item DT1) ( S121), distance D
The temperature Tm of m is read (S122). Then, it is determined whether or not the read temperature Tm is larger than the reference value SL (S123).
Is stored in the RAM 12 (S124).
It is determined whether Dm is equal to the end distance DE (for example, the distance D4 in the setting item DT1) (S125). Also,
If it is not large in S123, the process proceeds to S125.

If Dm is not equal to the end distance DE in S125, Dm is set to the next distance and the process returns to S122 (S126). If Dm is equal to the end distance DE in S125, a fire signal is stored in the RAM 12. Is determined (S127). If it is determined in S127 that the fire signal is stored, the address AD of the setting item DTn is determined.
n (for example, the address AD1 in the setting item DT1), a fire signal is transmitted from the TRX 17 to the signal line together with the address ADn, and the FDL routine ends (S12).
8). If it is determined in S127 that the fire signal is not stored, the FDL routine ends.

Next, the operation of the FDP routine will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the FDP routine. First, when the FDP routine starts, the FD
The reference value SP for the fire discrimination at P is read from the storage area set in the ROM 11 or the like (S130), and the distance DFS of the start point of the discrimination area not covered with the heat insulating material 18 is set as Dm1 ( For example, in the setting item DT2, the distance D5) is determined (S131), and the heat insulating material 1 in the area to be determined is determined.
The distance DSS of the start point of the range covered by 8 is set as Dm2 (for example, the distance D12 in the setting item DT2) (S13).
2) The temperature Tm1 of the distance Dm1 and the temperature Tm2 of the distance Dm2 are read (S133).

Then, a temperature difference ΔTm between Tm1 and Tm2 is calculated (S134), and it is determined whether or not the temperature difference ΔTm calculated in S134 is larger than the reference value SP (S135).
If it is 35, the fire signal is stored in the RAM 12 for the distances Dm1 and Dm2 (S136), and it is determined whether or not Dm1 is equal to the end distance DFE (for example, the distance D8 in the setting item DT2) (S137). . If it is not large in S135, the flow shifts to S137.

If Dm1 is not equal to the end point distance DFE in S137, Dm1 is set to the next distance (S138),
m2 is set to the next distance, the process returns to S133 (S139), and S1
If Dm1 is equal to the end point distance DFE at 37, the RAM 12
It is determined whether or not a fire signal is stored in (S14)
0), if it is determined in S140 that the fire signal is stored, the address ADn of the setting item DTn (for example, the address AD2 in the setting item DT2) is read out, and the fire signal is sent from the TRX 17 to the signal line together with the address ADn,
The FDP routine ends (S141). Also, S14
If it is determined that the fire signal is not stored at 0, FDP
The routine ends.

Here, D (m +
1) In contrast to 1, the distance Dm2 is set to D (m-1) 2 as the next distance because the optical fiber 15 is folded and installed twice as described above. .
In the case of the same direction, D (m + 1) 1 and D (m + 1) 2 are set. This may be distinguished by setting, or may be determined by comparing the start point and the end point as a range.

Next, the operation of the FDT routine will be described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the FDT routine. First, when the FDT routine is started, the FD
The reference value ST for the fire discrimination at T is read from the storage area set in the ROM 11 or the like (S150), and the distance DFS of the start point of the area to be discriminated not covered by the heat insulating material 18 is set as Dm1 ( For example, the setting item DT3 performs the distance D13) (S151), and ΔT for calculating the sum of the temperatures measured between DFS and DFE of the setting item DTn.
F is set to “0” (S152), and the temperature Tm1 of the distance Dm1 is read (S153).

Then, Tm1 is added to ΔTF (S15).
4) It is determined whether or not Dm1 is equal to the distance DFE of the end point (for example, the distance D16 in the setting item DT3) (S155).
If Dm1 is not equal to the end distance DFE at 155, Dm1
Is set to the next distance, and the process returns to S153 (S156), and is repeated until all the temperatures measured between DFS and DFE are added. Then, if Dm1 is equal to the end point distance DFE in S155, the addition of all the temperatures measured from DFS to DFE has been completed, so ΔTF is divided by the total number of temperature measurement points CE from DFS to DFE, and from DFS The average temperature TFAV of the temperature during DFE is calculated (S157).

Then, the distance DSS of the starting point of the area covered with the heat insulating material 18 in the area to be determined is set as Dm2 (for example, the distance D22 in the setting item DT3) (S159), and the distance DSS to DSE in the setting item DTn is set. Is set to "0" (S159), and the temperature Tm2 of the distance Dm2 is read (S160).

Then, Tm2 is added to ΔTS (S16
1) It is determined whether or not Dm2 is equal to the distance DSE of the end point (for example, the distance D17 in the setting item DT3) (S162).
If Dm2 is not equal to the end distance DSE at 162, Dm2
Is set to the next distance, and the process returns to S160 (S163), and is repeated until all the temperatures measured between DSS and DSE are added. If Dm2 is equal to the end point distance DSE in S162, the addition of all the temperatures measured from DSS to DSE is completed. Therefore, ΣTS is divided by the total number of temperature measurement points CE from DSS to DSE, and from DSS An average temperature TSAV of the temperatures during the period DSE is calculated (S164).

Then, the average temperature TFAV and the average temperature TSAV
Is calculated (S165), and it is determined whether or not the temperature difference ΔTAV calculated in S165 is greater than the reference value ST (S166).
It is stored in the AM 12 (S167), and it is determined whether or not a fire signal is stored in the RAM 12 (S168).
If it is not large in S6, the flow shifts to S168. And S
If it is determined at 168 that the fire signal is stored, the address ADn of the setting item DTn (for example, the setting item DT3)
Then, the address AD3) is read out, a fire signal is sent from the TRX 17 to the signal line together with the address ADn, and the FDT routine ends (S169). If it is determined in step S168 that no fire signal is stored, the FDT routine ends.

Next, the operation of the FDX routine will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the FDX routine. First, when the FDX routine starts, the FD
A reference value SX for fire determination in X is read from a storage area set in the ROM 11 or the like (S170), and the distance DS of the start point of the area to be determined is set as Dm (for example, the distance D23 in the setting item DT4) ( S171) ΔT for calculating the sum of the temperatures measured between DS and DE of the setting item DTn is set to “0” (S172), and the distance Dm is set.
Is read out (S173).

Then, Tm is added to ΔT (S17).
4) It is determined whether or not Dm is equal to the end distance DE (for example, the distance D26 for the setting item DT4) (S175).
If Dm is not equal to the end distance DE at 175, Dm
Is set as the next distance and the process returns to S173 (S176), and is repeated until all the temperatures measured between DS and DE are added. Then, if Dm is equal to the end point distance DE in S175, addition of all the temperatures measured from DS to DE is completed, so ΔT is divided by the total number of temperature measurement points CE from DS to DE, and from DS to DS. Average temperature T of the temperature during DE
AV is calculated (S177).

Then, the average temperature TAV calculated in S177
Is greater than the reference value SX (S178).
If it is large in S178, the fire signal is stored in the RAM 12 (S179), and it is determined whether or not the fire signal is stored in the RAM 12 (S180). If it is not large in S178, the process proceeds to S180. If it is determined in S180 that the fire signal is stored, the address ADn of the setting item DTn (for example, the address ADn of the setting item DT4)
4) is read out, and the fire signal is output to TR together with the address ADn.
X17 is sent to the signal line, and the FDX routine ends (S181). If it is determined in S180 that the fire signal is not stored, the FDX routine ends.

In this embodiment, since the fire discrimination processing is performed by the optimum fire discrimination method according to the environment of the plurality of monitoring ranges on the optical fiber, more temperature information can be obtained from the optical fiber and the monitoring range can be obtained. By using a differential fire detection method according to the environment, fire detection can be performed earlier than in the conventional case where only a constant temperature method is used to detect a fire. Since the differential type fire discrimination process is performed by using a fiber and covering one of the optical fibers with a heat insulating material, the differential type fire can be quickly discriminated and accurate fire judgment can be performed.

In this embodiment, one fire discrimination method is set in one monitoring range.
The same monitoring range may be set for a plurality of n's, and different fire discrimination methods may be set for each, so that a plurality of fire discrimination methods may be set for one monitoring range. In this embodiment, the setting item DTn is stored in the ROM 11 in advance.
Has been described as being set to
The information may be set in the RAM 12 or the like, or another storage medium such as an EEPROM, an IC card, or a floppy disk may be used. The setting items DTn are set in the monitoring ranges DS to DE.
Although the discrimination method is set for, a plurality of reference values may be prepared and their levels may be set. By doing so, it is possible to set the optimum discrimination method and the optimum level for each range.

[0036]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the temperature is measured at each position on the optical fiber which is doubly attached to the fire monitoring area and one of which is covered with the heat insulating material. Therefore, the range on the optical fiber not covered with the corresponding heat insulating material and the range on the optical fiber covered with the heat insulating material are designated, and the difference value at each corresponding position is calculated. Since a fire is detected based on a preset fire discrimination value, the fire discrimination in the specified range on the optical fiber in the monitoring area using the optical fiber can be performed by the differential spot type operation. Perform at the same time as the measurement,
This has the effect of enabling early fire detection and accurate fire determination.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the fire monitoring area is
The temperature at each location on the optical fiber that is heavily attached and one of which is covered with insulation is measured, and the area on the optical fiber that is not covered with the corresponding insulation and the optical fiber that is covered with insulation The upper range is specified, the average value is calculated for each range, the difference value between the calculated average values is calculated,
Since the fire is detected based on the difference value and the preset fire discrimination value, the fire discrimination in the designated range on the optical fiber in the monitoring area using the optical fiber is performed by the differential distribution type. It is possible to perform the fire detection at an early stage by performing the operation simultaneously with the measurement of the temperature, thereby providing an effect that an accurate fire judgment can be made.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the optical fiber is doubly attached to the fire monitoring area, one of the optical fiber is covered with the heat insulating material, and the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is determined by the measuring means. It is measured at time intervals, and when the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means by the calculating means, the area on the optical fiber which is not covered with the corresponding heat insulating material and the area covered by the heat insulating material. Since the range on the optical fiber is specified, the difference value at each corresponding position is calculated, and a fire is detected based on the difference value and a preset fire discrimination value. Fire detection in the specified range on the optical fiber in the monitoring area using the differential spot type operation can be performed simultaneously with temperature measurement, and early fire detection can be performed, making accurate fire judgment In It has the effect of that.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the optical fiber is doubly provided in the fire monitoring area, one of which is covered with the heat insulating material, and the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means for a predetermined time. Measured at intervals, when the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means by the calculating means, the area on the optical fiber that is not covered with the corresponding heat insulating material and the area covered with the heat insulating material The range on the optical fiber is specified, an average value is calculated for each range, a difference value between the calculated average values is calculated, and a fire is determined based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value. As it is detected, the fire detection in the specified range on the optical fiber in the monitoring area using the optical fiber should be performed at the same time as the temperature measurement by differential distribution type operation, and early fire detection Can be accurate It has the effect that it is possible to perform the fire determination.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fire detection device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an overall operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of an FDL routine.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation of an FDP routine.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of an FDT routine.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation of an FDX routine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Microprocessor (computing means) 11 ROM 12 RAM 13 Input device 14 Measuring part (measuring means) 15 Optical fiber 16 Interface 17 Transmitting and receiving part 18 Thermal insulation

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for measuring the temperature at each position on an optical fiber, which is doubly attached to a fire monitoring area and one of which is covered with a heat insulating material, to measure the temperature on an optical fiber which is not covered with a corresponding heat insulating material.
Specify range and range on fiber optics covered with insulation
And calculating a difference value at each corresponding position, and detecting a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire discrimination value. 2. A method for measuring the temperature at each position on an optical fiber, which is doubly attached to a fire monitoring area and one of which is covered with a heat insulating material, to measure the temperature on the optical fiber which is not covered with a corresponding heat insulating material.
Specify range and range on fiber optics covered with insulation
To calculate the average value for each range and calculate the difference value.
And a fire detection method for detecting a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire discrimination value. 3. An optical fiber which is double-attached to a fire monitoring area and one of which is covered with a heat insulating material, measuring means for measuring a temperature at each position on the optical fiber, and said measuring means When the temperature at each location on the optical fiber was measured, the optical fiber not covered by the corresponding insulation was measured.
Area on the fiber and the area covered by the insulation
Box to specify the difference value at each corresponding position.
And a calculating means for detecting a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire discrimination value. 4. An optical fiber, which is doubly attached to a fire monitoring area and one of which is covered with a heat insulating material, measuring means for measuring a temperature at each position on the optical fiber at predetermined time intervals, When the temperature at each position on the optical fiber is measured by the measuring means, the optical fiber not covered with the corresponding heat insulating material is measured.
Area on the fiber and the area covered by the insulation
Specify the box, calculate the average value for each range, and
A fire detection device comprising: a calculation means for calculating a difference value and detecting a fire based on the difference value and a preset fire determination value.