JP3347989B2 - How to remove and replace window frames of existing concrete buildings - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for replacing a window frame provided in a frame of an existing or existing concrete building, a method for removing a window frame when replacing a window frame, and a new window frame. And installation method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Window frames are sometimes replaced due to, for example, renewal or change from an iron sash frame to an aluminum sash frame. Around the window frame, that is, a gap between the window frame and the peripheral wall surface of the opening of the concrete frame in which the window frame is arranged, is filled with mortar for filling these gaps. It is necessary to remove the mortar in order to remove the mortar. Conventionally, the mortar has been crushed by hitting and hitting the mortar with a cone like an electric pick, and the mortar has been removed. However, this involves the generation of loud noise and vibration.

After removing the window frame, an anchor bolt for fixing a new window frame to the frame is implanted in the frame. Conventionally, these holes are formed using a drill, and it is desirable that the drilling is also performed under low noise and low vibration.

[0004]

Such noises and vibrations cause physical and mental distress to residents and users of the building in use, and also cause the operation of facilities and equipment in the building or the operation thereof. Serious adverse effects on operation. In particular, this is remarkable in buildings such as hotels and hospitals. For this reason, when replacing the conventional window frame, there are cases where the work time is restricted or the work is practically impossible.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for removing a window frame or installing a window frame for replacing a window frame with low noise, preferably further with low vibration.

[0006]

First, in order to remove the window frame provided at the opening of the frame of the existing concrete building, at least one of the indoor and outdoor surfaces is placed on the mortar around the frame. Open and the skeleton and the mole
At least one opening that contacts the boundary with the barrel is formed, for example, using a drill or by ultrasonic cutting.
Next, the opening is filled with a swelling agent, and after the mortar is crushed by volume expansion of the swelling agent, crushed pieces of the mortar are removed, and then the window frame is removed.

After removing the window frame, a plurality of holes are formed in the surface of the frame defining the wall surface of the opening, for example, using a drill or by ultrasonic cutting. Next, an anchor member is implanted in each hole. Further, a new window frame is arranged in the opening, and after fixing the window frame to the anchor member, a new mortar is filled between the new window frame and the skeleton to form a window frame. Exchange.

[0008]

According to the present invention, the expanding agent filled in the opening formed in the mortar exerts an expansion pressure on the mortar when the volume expands with time in the opening. The inflation pressure causes the mortar portion on the side of the opening (the side of the window frame) opposite to the skeleton as a reaction force support using the high-strength skeleton as a reaction force support, and as a result, A part of the window frame is curved, and cracks occur in the low strength side portion. That is, it is crushed. This fracturing phenomenon proceeds quietly and slowly and with little vibration. This allows the mortar around the window frame to be crushed under very low levels of noise and vibration. Further, by forming an opening in the mortar by applying an ultrasonic cutting method in which the cutting resistance of the blade is significantly reduced, the work required for crushing the mortar can be further reduced under low noise and low vibration. It can be carried out.

Further, when the ultrasonic cutting process is applied to the piercing of the skeleton after removing the window frame from the opening of the skeleton, the piercing can be performed more quietly than the piercing by using a drill. It can be performed in a lower vibration environment. As a result, hospitals that are not restricted by time and regardless of the type of building, for example, are particularly required to be quiet,
Window frames can be exchanged at hotels, libraries, and the like.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown a part of an existing or existing concrete building 10 to which the reinforcing method according to the present invention is applied. A window frame 16 made of a sash frame made of iron, aluminum, or the like is provided in an opening 14 of a concrete wall 12 which is a part of the frame of the building 10.
Is installed.

The illustrated opening 14 is composed of two parts which are continuous with each other and have different cross-sectional shapes, that is, an outdoor part having a small sectional shape and an indoor part having a large sectional shape. It is located on the indoor side. As the opening in which the window frame is installed, there is an opening formed of one having the same cross-sectional area in the indoor and outdoor directions, in addition to the example illustrated. The present invention can be applied to a window frame installed in any of the openings.

The window frame 16 is fixed to the wall 12 via a plurality of anchor members 18 implanted in the wall 12 defining the peripheral wall surface of the opening 14. The mortar 20 filling the gap between the window frame 16 and the peripheral wall surface of the opening 14 is filled. The window frame 16 is adhered to the peripheral wall surface (wall 12) of the opening 14 via a mortar 20 surrounding the window frame 16. In the figure, reference numeral 22 indicates a caulking material packed between the window frame 16 and a part of the peripheral wall surface of the opening 14 of the wall 12 on the outdoor side of the window frame 16, and reference numeral 24 indicates On the indoor side, the window frame 16
5 shows a picture frame extending along the opening edge of FIG. Further, code 2
Reference numerals 6, 28, and 30 denote a heat insulating material disposed along the indoor surface of the wall 12, a board covering the indoor surface of the wall 12, and an adhesive for directly bonding the board 28 to the heat insulating material 26, respectively. .

As shown in FIG. 2, for replacement of the window frame 12, a part of the indoor board 28 and the heat insulating material 26 is removed in advance, so that the mortar 20 around the window frame 16 is removed.
The surface 32 on the indoor side is exposed.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
At 0, a plurality of openings 34 that open to the surface 32 are formed. In the case where the cross-sectional shape of the opening 14 of the wall 12 is unchanged between the indoor side and the outdoor side, the opening 34 to be provided is
The mortar 20 may be open to both the outdoor surface and the indoor surface.

The openings 34 are provided between the wall 12 and the mortar 2.
Window frame 1 along a boundary 36 with
6 are provided. Each opening 12 is provided so as to contact a boundary 36 . Thereby, as described later, cracks 40 can be generated in the portion between these openings and the window frame 16, that is , most of the mortar 20 by the action of the expansion pressure described later. However, the invention is not limited to the illustrated example.
The number of the openings 34 can be set to at least one, and the openings 34 can be provided at any positions as long as they are open to the surface of the mortar 20. Wall 12 and mortar 20
May be formed by shaving both of them, and both of them may define the opening 34.

The opening 34 has a shape such as a through-hole penetrating the mortar 20 in the thickness direction, that is, the indoor / outdoor direction, a hole extending the most part of the mortar 20 as shown in FIG. Having. The arrangement of the through holes and the arrangement of the holes may be regular or irregular, respectively. Further, the through holes and the holes may be mixed, or through holes or holes having different diameters may be mixed. Further, the through-hole and the hole may be in any direction regardless of the extension direction. That is, these axes may be either horizontal or non-horizontal, or they may be orthogonal or non-orthogonal to the surface of wall 12.

The openings 34 are formed by drilling holes in the mortar 20 or by performing ultrasonic cutting on the mortar layer 20. The formation of the opening 34 by the ultrasonic cutting is performed by rotating a spindle (not shown) having a tip provided with a grindstone or a wheel (not shown) having a peripheral surface provided with a grindstone around each axis. Rotate to apply the cutting force of the whetstone to the mortar 20,
In addition, the spindle and the wheel are ultrasonically vibrated during this time.

The direction in which the ultrasonic vibration is applied is the axial direction of the spindle, and the emission direction of the wheel. The frequency and amplitude of the ultrasonic wave at this time are, for example, 20 kHz and 55 kHz, respectively.
Set to μm. By applying (superimposing) the ultrasonic vibration, the cutting resistance of the grindstone is significantly reduced. Therefore, compared to the case of using the drill, the noise level and the vibration generated when the opening 34 is formed are significantly smaller in the case of the ultrasonic cutting. More specifically, at a distance of several meters, the noise level is such that cutting noise or grinding noise is inaudible and almost vibration-free.

As a specific apparatus for forming the opening by the ultrasonic cutting, for example, a "hand-held rotary tool" described in Utility Model Registration No. 3019063 can be used. In this tool, a horn is attached to a tip of an ultrasonic vibrator rotatably supported in an outer case, and a grindstone is attached to a tip of the horn. When the ultrasonic vibrator is driven to rotate around its axis, the horn and the grindstone rotate around these axes. By operating the ultrasonic vibrator, ultrasonic vibration can be generated in the axial direction of the horn. By pressing the grindstone against the surface of the mortar 20 to rotate the grindstone and apply ultrasonic vibration to the grindstone, the opening 34 can be formed with almost no noise and vibration.

Next, an expanding agent 38 is inserted into each of the formed openings 34.
Fill. The swelling agent 38 is preferably formed by mixing water with an agent mainly composed of an inorganic compound mainly composed of quick lime and silicate (for example, "Blyster" manufactured by Onoda Co., Ltd.), Reacts with water (hydration reaction) so that its volume expands with time.

Other examples of the expanding agent include calcined dolomite, magnesia, ordinary Portland cement-blast furnace slag-bauxite-gypsum, alumina cement-lime-gypsum, and the like.

Due to the volume expansion of the expanding agent 38 in each of the openings 34, the peripheral wall surface of each of the openings 34 receives an inflation pressure in a direction perpendicular to the opening 34 (in the radial direction of the through hole or hole). This inflation pressure is caused by the wall 12 as a reaction force support, the mortar portion between the openings 34, which is a structural weakness of the mortar 20, and the window, which is a structural weakness of the opening 34 and the wall 12. The mortar is concentrated on the mortar portion between the defined space of the frame 16, and therefore, a large strain and a crack 40 are generated in these portions. At this time, the window frame 16 is curved as shown by the imaginary line. As a result, mortar 20
Is crushed.

With respect to the opening 34, the formation position, shape, and extension of the opening 34 are considered in consideration of the range or distance limit over which the inflation pressure of the inflation agent 38 can effectively reach, that is, the range or distance limit at which the crack 40 can occur. Direction, mutual interval, size, depth, etc. can be set. Therefore, in order to crush the mortar 20, the formation of the opening 34 in the mortar and the filling of the expanding agent into the opening may be performed only once, or may be performed a plurality of times.

The portion where the crack 40 has occurred can be removed as a crushed piece by applying a relatively small external force. Since the mortar 20 is crushed by the static expansion effect of the expanding agent 38 over time, there is almost no generation of noise and vibration.

After removing all the crushed pieces of the mortar 20,
The exposed anchor member 18 is blown, for example, and the window frame 16 is removed from the opening 14 in the wall.

Next, a plurality of holes 42 (FIG. 4) which are open in the peripheral surface are formed on the wall 12 which defines the peripheral surface of the opening 14 exposed by the removal of the mortar 20, at intervals. The hole 42 is formed by the same method as that for forming the opening 34 in the mortar 20, that is, by using the drill or the ultrasonic cutting method. When the ultrasonic cutting is performed, the formation of the holes 42 can be performed with little noise and little vibration.

An anchor member 44 is implanted in each hole 42 (FIG. 4). In the illustrated example, each hole 42 has an anchor member 44.
Is partially inserted, and each anchor member 44 is fixed to the wall 12 using a synthetic resin adhesive.

Thereafter, a new window frame 46 is fitted into the opening 14 and positioned in the opening 14.
Is welded to the anchor member 44 (FIG. 5). Next, window frame 4
By filling a new mortar 48 in the gap between the mortar 6 and the wall 12 and closing it, the replacement of the window frame is substantially completed.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, a caulking material 50 is disposed for waterproofing as before the window frame is replaced, thereby sealing the boundary between the window frame 46 and the mortar 48 on the outdoor side. Also, on the indoor side, a heat insulating material 5
2 is refilled, the board 54 for covering the heat insulating material 26 is fixed to the heat insulating material 26 using the adhesive 54, and a frame 56 extending along the window frame 46 is provided if necessary.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a window frame arranged at an opening of a wall which is a part of a skeleton of a concrete building.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an opening formed in a mortar surrounding a window frame.

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the window frame and the mortar, showing a state in which a crack has occurred in the mortar.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of an opening showing a state in which an anchor member is inserted into a hole formed in a frame and fixed to the hole.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the opening with a new window frame installed.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of an opening after repairing a feature on the indoor side.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Concrete building 12 Frame (wall) 14 Opening 16 Window frame 20 Mortar 32 Mortar surface 34 Opening 38 Expanding agent 42 Hole 44 Anchor member 46 New window frame

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (56) References JP-A-61-257588 (JP, A) JP-A-61-246489 (JP, A) JP-A-7-136818 (JP, A) JP-A-7-136818 156135 (JP, A) JP-A-62-29689 (JP, A) JP-A-62-131082 (JP, A) JP-A-5-133113 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. ⁷ , DB name) E06B 1/56 E04G 23/02 E04G 23/08 B28D 1/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for removing a window frame from an opening of an existing concrete building for replacement of a window frame which is installed in a frame of the existing concrete building and which is surrounded by mortar. Forming at least one opening that is open on at least one surface of the indoor side or the outdoor side and that is in contact with a boundary between the skeleton and the mortar;
A method for removing a window frame, comprising filling the opening with a swelling agent, causing the mortar to be crushed by volume expansion of the swelling agent, removing crushed pieces of the mortar, and removing the window frame. 2. The removal method according to claim 1, wherein the opening is formed by performing ultrasonic cutting on the mortar. 3. A periphery is installed in the opening of the skeleton of the existing concrete Buildings is a method of replacing surrounded the window frame with mortar, said mortar, on at least one surface of the indoor side or outdoor side Forming at least one opening that is open and in contact with a boundary between the skeleton and the mortar; filling the opening with an expansive agent to cause crushing of the mortar by volume expansion of the expansive agent; Removing crushed pieces, removing the window frame, forming a plurality of holes opened on the surface of the frame defining the wall surface of the opening, implanting an anchor member in each hole, the opening Installing a new window frame, fixing the window frame to the anchor member, and filling a new mortar between the new window frame and the skeleton. How to change the frame. 4. The replacement method according to claim 3, wherein the opening is formed by performing an ultrasonic cutting process on the mortar. 5. The replacement method according to claim 3, wherein the hole is formed by subjecting the body to ultrasonic cutting.