JP3331003B2 - Ice storage method for multiple tanks in ice thermal storage system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for storing ice in a plurality of tanks in an ice thermal storage system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When cooling and heating by circulating cold and hot water stored in a heat storage tank to a water-side heat exchanger of a fan coil unit and a water heat source heat pump unit disposed in a building, the cooling heat during cooling is stored. Ice heat storage systems that store ice in a tank have attracted particular attention in recent years because even small-scale devices can store a large amount of cold heat.

The ice stored in the heat storage tank in such an ice heat storage system is classified into an ice block and a sherbet according to the type of the ice to be generated and used. I. P. F. (The filling rate of ice) can be increased, and the heat storage efficiency can be improved.

In producing such sherbet-like ice, for example, JP-A-63-217171, JP-A-63-231157, and JP-A-1-11468.
In the technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2 (1993) -210, a method and an apparatus for continuously generating supercooled water have already been proposed. According to these known techniques, the supercooled water is continuously discharged into the air from the discharge port of the heat transfer tube of the supercooler, and the discharged flow collides with a supercooling release unit such as a collision plate to apply an impact. Thus, sherbet-like ice can be continuously and efficiently generated as a slurry state with water (ice / water slurry).

On the other hand, recently, the demand for large-scale heat storage equipment has been increasing in response to an increase in demand. However, when there is no room to install a large-capacity single heat storage tank, a so-called underground slab is used. A multi-tank type heat storage tank has been proposed. This is, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, small tanks 51, 52, 53,
The heat transfer tank 54 is communicated with communication pipes 55, 56, and 57 to constitute one heat storage tank as a whole. In order to store the sherbet-shaped ice in such a communication type multi-tank type heat storage tank, the following method which is conventionally called a serial sequential ice storage method is employed.

First, a pump 58 is provided from the most downstream small tank 54.
The water taken in by the supercooler 59 is turned into supercooled water in the supercooler 59 and discharged into the air, and the supercooled water is converted into ice / water slurry by the subcooling canceling means 60. Thereafter, the ice / water slurry is transported to the transport pipe 61 and branch pipes 62, 63, 64, and 65 branched from the transport pipe 61, and is distributed therefrom to the small tanks 51, 52, 53, and 54. However, each of these branch pipes 62, 63, 64, 6
5 includes switching valves 62a, 63a, 64a, and 65, respectively.
a, and each of these switching valves 62a, 63
By appropriately operating a, 64a, and 65a, first, supply of ice / water slurry and ice storage are started only to the small tank 51 on the most upstream side, and thereafter, as the ice volume of the ice-water phase becomes almost full, , Switching valves 62a, 63a,
The supply of ice / water slurry and the storage of ice were sequentially shifted to the small tanks 52, 53, 54 by switching between 64a and 65a.

[0007] By accumulating ice in this way, each of the small tanks 51, 52, 53, 54 has, as shown in FIG.
In the above-mentioned ice storage order, a state where the ice volume in the ice-water phase is large was created, and finally, ice heat storage under a very large ice volume was achieved.

[0008]

However, the following problems arise in the above-described serial sequential ice storage method. In other words, when storing sherbet-shaped ice in the tank, the pressure loss of water passing through the ice layer in the tank increases with the progress of ice storage, and the internal pressure of the tank increases. According to the method, the water level in the upstream tank connected by the communication pipe rises due to the rise in the tank pressure accompanying the increase in the amount of ice storage. However, since the water corresponding to the rise in the water level is supplied from the downstream tank of the ice storage tank, the water in the downstream tank, specifically, the small tank 54 on the most downstream side in FIG. The water level drops.

When the inventors of the present invention actually conducted experiments on the communicating multi-tank type heat storage tank shown in FIG. 5, the results shown in the graph of FIG. 6 were obtained. This graph shows the measured value of the water level change in each tank. As is clear from this graph, the water level in the most downstream small tank 54 is significantly reduced. In a place where only a tank with a shallow water depth can be installed, the number of small tanks connected to each other is limited, and the capacity of the entire heat storage tank cannot be increased.

Further, in order to carry out the above-described method of serially storing ice in series, the switching valves 62a, 63a, 64a, 65
a is necessary, but the upper part of the underground slab sewage tank generally used as a heat storage tank is provided to a machine room, etc.
For this reason, these switching valves are provided for the transfer pipe 61 and the branch pipe 62
It has to be installed in each aquarium along with the above, and it becomes special specification such as waterproof, and there is a problem in terms of construction and cost.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a method of storing ice in a plurality of tanks in parallel and simultaneously, instead of the above-described conventional method of serially storing ice in series. It is intended to solve the problem. In this case, if ice is not uniformly stored in each of the plurality of water tanks, for example, if ice is stored only in a specific water tank, a required amount of heat storage may not be secured. Therefore, in the present invention, when ice is stored in parallel and simultaneously, a configuration for surely storing ice uniformly is newly added.

A specific configuration of the present invention will be described below. A supercooler installed outside a heat storage tank for storing heat source water for air conditioning generates supercooled water, and the supercooled release means generates the supercooled water from the supercooled water. In the ice heat storage system that supplies the converted ice / water slurry to the heat storage tank and stores the ice in the ice / water slurry in the heat storage tank, the heat storage tank is a plurality of tanks including a plurality of independent small tanks. , upon蓄氷by supplying the ice-water slurry into the plurality tank, and to simultaneously supply the ice-water slurry for each small tank for constituting the multiple tanks, further the supply, release supercooling Change by means
Ice / water slurry after being replaced is supplied to each of the small tanks
It is characterized in that performed through the ice supply pipe orifice is provided in the supply pipe at the location of the previous step. this
In this case, an independent intake pipe is connected to each of the small tanks,
The structure is such that the withdrawn water is continuously supplied to the subcooler.
May be implemented.

[0013]

In the present invention, each of the small tanks constituting the plurality of tanks is an independent water tank, and ice and water slurry are supplied to each of these small tanks simultaneously, so to speak, in parallel, so as to accumulate ice. Has become. Therefore, during the ice storage process in the middle, a difference in the amount of ice storage may occur between the small tanks due to a difference in pipe resistance of a supply pipe connected to each small tank. However, in a small tank having a large amount of ice storage, the resistance of water to pass through the ice increases, so that a large amount of ice / water slurry flows into the small tank having a small amount of ice storage and low resistance. As a result, ice is finally stored uniformly in each of the small tanks.

[0014] Furthermore, in the present invention, upon supplying the ice-water slurry for each small tanks, ice-Myzus
Since the rally is performed through an ice supply pipe provided with an orifice in the supply pipe at a position before the supply to each of the small tanks, the inside of the ice supply pipe does not block, and the uniformity is ensured for each small tank. It can store ice.

In this manner, ice / water slurry is supplied to each of the small tanks so as to be parallel and simultaneously, and finally ice is uniformly stored in each of the small tanks. There is no need to particularly provide a switching valve in the branch pipe, which was required in the method.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of main components of an ice storage facility for carrying out the present embodiment. 1
Is a plurality of tanks composed of four small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5, each of which is independent and all have the same volume, as is apparent from FIG.

At the bottom of each of these small tanks 2, 3, 4, 5
For example, intake spaces 2a, 3a, 4a, and 5a configured as closed spaces by a mesh for separating ice nuclei are formed. Each of these intake spaces 2a, 3a, 4a, 5
a, each with an independent intake pipe 6, 7,
8 and 9 are connected to the bottom of each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5, and the water in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 taken by these intake pipes 6, 7, 8, and 9 is provided. Is configured to be continuously supplied to a supercooler 12 outside the heat storage tank 1 by a pump 11 through one transfer pipe 10.

The supercooler 12 has a so-called shell-and-tube type heat exchanger in which a plurality of tubes (heat transfer tubes) 13 are arranged in a cylindrical shell in the axial direction. Has one end open into the inlet header section 14 of the subcooler 12, and the other end open to the atmosphere. The frozen brine is circulated in the shell. With such a configuration, the water in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 to be passed through the respective tubes 13 is supercooled to 0 ° C or less by heat exchange with the frozen brine. Water is discharged from the other end of each tube 13 into the atmosphere.

The supercooled water discharged into the atmosphere as described above is configured to fall into the vertical pipe 15 serving as the subcooling canceling means. This vertical pipe 15 is a vertical pipe having an inner diameter sufficient to receive the discharge flow of the supercooled water, and has a trumpet-shaped receiving portion 16 formed at an upper end thereof, and a transport pipe at a lower end thereof. It leads to 17. With this configuration, the supercooled water discharged into the atmosphere from the supercooler 12 is converted into an ice / water slurry by fine ice and water having fluidity by an impact when dropped into the vertical pipe 15. Is supplied to the transport pipe 17.

The transport pipes 17 are provided with supply pipes 18, 19, and 2 whose supply ports are located at the bottoms of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively.
0 and 21 are connected. And each of these supply pipes 1
8, 19, 20, 21 are all of the same diameter, and orifices 18a, 19a, 20a, 21a are respectively provided at the positions of the pre-stages where they are supplied into the small tanks 2, 3, 4, 5. I have. Each of these orifices 18a, 19a, 20
a and 21a have the same configuration, and have a configuration in which an orifice plate having a hole having a diameter of 40 mm at the center of a disk having a thickness of 2 mm and a diameter of 180 mm is sandwiched by flanges, and the hole is provided for each supply pipe. Each supply pipe 18, 1
9, 20, 21 are provided. Each of these orifices 18a, 19a, 20a, 21a in this embodiment is
Although having a resistance value of 400 mmAq by the above configuration, for example, between the uppermost stream and the lowermost branch, that is, the supply pipe 18
An orifice having a resistance of 5 to 6 times the pressure loss difference between the pressure and the supply pipe 21 can be used.

The ice storage facility for carrying out the present embodiment has the above-described configuration. When the ice making and ice storage operation is usually performed at night, the operation of the pump 11 causes the operation of each small tank 2. ,
The water in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 is uniformly taken from each of the water intake pipes 6, 7, 8, and 9 from 3, 4, and 5, and the taken water is supplied to the supercooler 12. Is done.

The supercooler 12 converts the supplied water into supercooled water and discharges the supercooled water into the atmosphere. The discharged supercooled water is in a supercooled state by an impact when dropped into the vertical pipe 15. Is released, and an ice / water slurry is generated. The generated ice / water slurry is supplied to each of the small tanks 2, 3, and 2 through the transport pipe 17 and the supply pipes 18, 19, 20, and 21.
4 and 5, and ice is supplied simultaneously to each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, 5
Ice is stored inside.

In this case, even if a difference in the amount of ice storage occurs between the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 due to a difference in pipeline resistance or the like in the course of the ice storage, a small tank with a large amount of ice storage. In such a case, since the pressure loss due to ice increases, in such a case, the amount of ice stored is still small, and ice flows into a small tank having a small pipe resistance. That is, since the ice is always supplied to the small tank having a small ice storage amount, each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, 5,
Even if there is a slight difference in the amount of ice stored between each other, ice is finally stored almost uniformly in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5.

By actually operating the ice storage equipment, each small tank 2,
When the ice storage conditions for each of 3, 4, and 5 were examined, the graph shown in FIG. 2 was obtained. The graph shown in FIG. 2 shows the flow rate of the ice / water slurry to each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 during the ice storage process.
It can be confirmed from this graph that the ice / water slurry is supplied to 3, 4, and 5.

It was also confirmed that the orifices 18a, 19a, 20a, and 21a provided in the supply pipes 18, 19, 20, and 21 did not block. Conventionally, when a valve used for the purpose of adjusting the flow rate in a pipe line is used, when the opening degree is small, the valve is closed with ice, but when the orifice is used as described above, the valve does not close. Therefore, uniform ice storage in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 is reliably performed.

The amount of ice stored in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 was determined by the ratio of the amount of ice to the amount of water in the tank (IPF), and the results are as shown in the table of FIG. Thus, it can be seen that almost the same amount of ice was stored in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5. In addition, the ice storage amount was obtained by defrosting the ice in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5, and from the amount of heat taken out.

On the other hand, water is taken from each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 at the same time by the water intake pipes 6, 7, 8, and 9.
The water level change in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, 5 is not large, and therefore, the number of small tanks to be installed is not limited. By the way, the above ice storage equipment was actually operated, and each small tank 2, 3,
When the water level change was examined for each of 4, 5 and 6, the graph shown in FIG. 4 was obtained. As can be seen from this graph, the water level in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 is stable, and the storage level as shown in the conventional serial sequential system, for example, as shown in the graph of FIG. There is no increase in the water level difference in the tank with the progress of ice. Therefore, there is no limit to the number of tanks to be installed.
As a result, it is possible to increase the number of small tanks and realize an extremely large capacity as the entire heat storage tank.

Further, as described above, each of the small tanks 2, 3,.
Since the ice is uniformly stored with respect to 4 and 5, there is no need to provide a switching valve necessary for distributing the ice / water slurry as in the above-described conventional technology, which is preferable in terms of construction and cost.

The small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 themselves are not connected to each other as in the prior art, but are installed independently. Therefore, as shown in FIG. It is not always necessary to make the small tanks adjacent to each other, so that the degree of freedom of the installation place is increased, and the space in the building can be used effectively. Also, since piping work for communicating the small tanks with each other is not required, the amount of work as a whole can be reduced.

Although illustration is omitted, the cold and hot water intake when the cold and hot water stored in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 is used as the heat source water of the load side heat exchanger, Circulation may be performed by taking water in each of the small tanks 2, 3, 4, and 5 and collecting the water in one pipe and supplying it to the load side heat exchanger. By the circulation pipe system having the same configuration as that of the transport pipe 17 and the distribution pipe supply pipes 18, 19, 20, and 21, the small tanks 2,
What is necessary is just to return to 3, 4 and 5 in parallel.

[0030]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. First, ice can be uniformly stored in each of the small tanks without increasing the water level change in each of the small tanks, so that the number of tanks to be installed is not limited. Therefore, a large-capacity ice storage system can be obtained. In addition, since ice and water slurry is supplied into each of the small tanks and ice is stored through an ice supply pipe having an orifice, ice can be reliably and uniformly stored without blocking the pipeline. . Since the small tanks are independent of each other, the degree of freedom of the installation place of the small tank is increased, and the space in the building can be effectively used. In addition, there is no need for a switching valve for distributing ice / water slurry to each small tank, and there is no need for piping for communicating the small tanks with each other. I can do it.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of main ice storage equipment for implementing an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a change in flow rate of ice / water slurry supplied into each small tank in an example.

FIG. 3 is a table showing an ice storage amount for each small tank in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a water level change in each small tank in the example.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of main ice storage equipment for implementing an ice storage method according to a conventional technique.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a change in water level in each of the small tanks during ice storage according to the related art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thermal storage tank 2, 3, 4, 5 Small tank 6, 7, 8, 9 Intake pipe 10 Transport pipe 11 Pump 12 Supercooler 15 Vertical pipe 17 Transport pipe 18, 19, 20, 21 Supply pipe 18a, 19a, 20a , 21a orifice

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Kazuyoshi Yoshida 1-3-1 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Tokyo Electric Power Company (72) Inventor Yoshiteru Seki 1594-7 Arakawa-oki, Ami-cho, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Moriya Mitsuru 4-6-1 Iriya, Zama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture 1-112 Higashi-Kenzama Heights (12) Inventor Tadashi Matsumoto 3-14-50 Tsumadakita, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa A-103 Corp Honatsugi A-103 (72) Inventor Sakae Kikuchi 1-3, Garden Town Minami-Atsugi, Atsugi City, Atsugi City, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Tokio Konogi 49-3-201 Matsugaya, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo Examiner Hiroyuki Kondo (56) References JP-A 5-1834 (JP, A) JP-A-3-99140 (JP, A) JP-A-6-249472 (JP, A) JP-A-6-249473 (JP, A) JP-A-4-332356 (JP, A) JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Hei 6-28525 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F24F 5/00 102 F28D 20/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A supercooler, which is provided outside a heat storage tank for storing a heat source water for air conditioning, generates supercooled water, and converts the ice / water slurry converted from the supercooled water by a supercooling canceling means. The ice in the ice / water slurry is supplied to the heat storage tank,
In the ice heat storage system that stores the heat in the heat storage tank, the heat storage tank is a plurality of tanks composed of a plurality of independent small tanks,
Upon To蓄氷by supplying the ice-water slurry into the plurality tank, and to simultaneously supply the ice-water slurry for each small tank for constituting the multiple tanks, further the supply, supercooling releasing means Converted by
Before the ice / water slurry is supplied to each of the small tanks
And performing through the ice supply pipe orifice is provided in the supply pipe in position,蓄氷method to multiple tanks in ice thermal storage system. 2. An independent water intake pipe is connected to each of the small tanks.
Water is continuously supplied to the subcooler
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
Ice storage method for multiple tanks in the on-board ice thermal storage system.