JP3283895B2 - Motor with built-in electromagnetic clutch - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motor such as a spring return valve, a spring return damper, and a spring return shutter, which can be used for a forward operation when the power is turned on and a reverse operation when the power is turned off. Various emergency shutdown applications, motor output torque ON
The present invention relates to a motor that can be used for applications that require ON / OFF, and applications that require ON / OFF of a motor detent torque (non-excitation holding torque).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A spring is used for opening and closing a valve and a damper.
There is a return method. When this is performed using a motor, a reduction gear is generally attached to the motor, a segment gear or lever is attached to the reduction output shaft, and a valve or damper operation shaft is attached to the end of the lever. Attach the return spring to the lever. During the opening operation, the motor is energized,
When the valve or damper is opened against the spring and the power is turned off, the spring automatically returns to the closed state by the return force of the spring.

[0003] Generally, the motor used in this system is a hysteresis motor. Since the hysteresis motor has almost no rotor holding torque when no power is supplied, it is possible to reverse the lever, the speed reducer, and the motor by the spring force to return to the closed state even with the speed reducer.

[0004]

However, in the above system, in order to maintain the open state, the motor must be continuously energized so as to keep the lever in contact with the open stopper. As described above, continuous energization has caused a problem in motor temperature rise and reduction gear life.

[0005] As a spring return actuator, there are a direct acting type and a rotary type solenoid. However, although the speed is high, the thrust and the torque are small. The motor system can generate a large torque by using a speed reducer.

In the method in which the lever is brought into contact with the stopper, a motor in which a large current flows when the motor is locked cannot be used.
Further, a motor having a large rotor holding torque when no power is supplied could not be used.

[0007] The present invention has been made to solve these problems.

[0008]

According to the present invention, the rotor of the motor is separated into a rotating part and a rotating shaft. In addition, an electromagnetic clutch is provided to make the rotating part and the rotating shaft freely connectable and detachable.

As the motor, various types of motors can be used, and PM (permanent magnet) type pulse motors (stepping motors), synchronous motors (timing motors), HB (hybrid) type pulse motors and synchronous motors are available. Are suitable. However, the present invention is applicable to a motor having no coil, such as an ultrasonic motor.

[0010] The stator of the motor includes a coil for driving the rotor. There is also a coil for an electromagnetic clutch. As the electromagnetic clutch, energized ON type, energized OF
Either F type can be used.

A feature of the present invention resides in that the rotor of the motor is separated into a rotating portion and a rotating shaft, and the rotating portion and the rotating shaft can be freely coupled and separated by an electromagnetic clutch.

[0012]

The various functions of the motor according to the present invention will be described.

(A) The motor is not energized and the electromagnetic clutch is turned off. The motor shaft is free, and the shaft can be rotated lightly forward and reverse.

(B) Motor energization, forward rotation, electromagnetic clutch OFF The rotating part of the rotor idles around the shaft, and no output torque appears on the shaft.

The motor shaft is nearly free.

(C) Motor energization, reverse rotation, electromagnetic clutch OFF The rotating part of the rotor idles around the shaft, and no output torque appears on the shaft.

The motor shaft is nearly free.

(D) The motor is not energized and the electromagnetic clutch is ON. The rotating part of the rotor is connected to the shaft by an electromagnetic clutch.

A detent torque (non-excitation holding torque) appears on the motor shaft, and forward and reverse rotations become heavy. Can be used as a brake.

(E) Motor energization, forward rotation, electromagnetic clutch ON The rotating part of the rotor rotates in connection with the shaft.

The motor normal forward torque appears on the shaft.

(F) Motor energization, reverse rotation, electromagnetic clutch ON The rotating part of the rotor rotates in connection with the shaft.

The motor normal reverse torque appears on the shaft.

The motor of the present invention has the following (A)
Since there are six functions (F), these can be appropriately selected and used. In some cases, a forward rotation torque is generated, in some cases, a reverse rotation torque is generated, in some cases, a brake is used, and in some cases, a shaft is free.

[0025]

FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration diagram of the present invention as a first embodiment.

The rotating shaft (shaft) 1 is for an electromagnetic clutch .
When the coil 20 is energized ON / OFF, the coil 20 becomes free at some time, and is connected to the rotor 8 at some time to generate an output torque. The front bearing 2 and the rear bearing 7 support the rotating shaft 1.

The front bearing 2 is fixed to the front flange 3,
The rear bearing 7 is fixed to the rear flange 6.

The structure of the stator (stator) 4 differs depending on the type of motor. In the case of an electromagnetic motor, a drive coil is provided, and in the case of an ultrasonic motor, piezoelectric ceramic is used.
In the case of an electromagnetic motor, the stator generates a rotating magnetic field or a moving magnetic field, and drives the rotor 8 to rotate through the rotating gap 13. The structure of the rotor 8 differs depending on the type of the motor, similarly to the stator.

A rotor (core) 8 that rotates by acting on a rotating magnetic field or a moving magnetic field of the stator is fixed to the rotor spacer 9, and the inner diameter portion is fitted to the shaft 1 through the gap 14 through the gap. And can be moved in the thrust direction with respect to the shaft 1. A first clutch piece 10 is fixed to the rotor spacer 9.

The second clutch piece 11 to be connected to and separated from the first clutch piece 10 is fixed to the shaft 1. A return coil spring 12 is disposed between the first clutch piece 10 and the second clutch piece 11.

An electromagnetic clutch coil for operating the coupling and disengagement of the first clutch piece 10 and the second clutch piece 11 is provided on the stator 4 .

Reference numeral 13 denotes a rotational clearance between the stator 4 and the rotor 8, and reference numeral 15 denotes a clutch clearance when the first and second clutch segments are separated.

According to the present invention, the output torque can be taken out from the shaft 1 by the combination of the ON / OFF of the energization of the motor coil and the ON / OFF of the electromagnetic clutch, as described in the section of the operation, or the free torque can be obtained. Or to take out the detent torque.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention for a PM pulse motor and a synchronous motor.

The part A in FIG. 2 has a motor outer diameter of φ35 (mm).
The product is equivalent to the capacitor type synchronous motor "PTM-24M manufactured by Nippon Pulse Motor Co., Ltd.", and the part B is an electromagnetic clutch.

The stator 4 of the motor has a set of stator coils 16 and 17, which are connected and used as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 18 denotes a phase-advancing capacitor, and reference numeral 19 denotes a switch for switching between forward rotation, reverse rotation and stop (neutral) of the motor.

The rotor 8 has an outer diameter of φ16 (mm), NS24
It is a pole ferrite rotor.

Taking this motor for AC100V as an example, the output torque is 120/125 at 50/60 (HZ).
(G-cm). The capacitor is 0.23 (μF).

The non-excitation detent torque (holding torque) of this motor is 25 (g-cm). This non-excitation detent torque appears on the shaft 1 only when the electromagnetic clutch 5 is turned on.

The shaft free torque when the motor coil is turned off and the electromagnetic clutch coil is turned off is only the friction torque of the shaft 1 and is about 3 (g-cm).

The shaft free torque has a negligible value compared to the motor output torque and the detent torque.

The stator and the tooth pole structure of the synchronous motor are conventionally known.

The inner diameter of the stator of the electromagnetic clutch 5 is a pair of rings having an L-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 2, and the right magnetic pole of the stator of the electromagnetic clutch 5 is the second clutch piece 11 on the magnetic circuit. However, the first clutch piece 10 is disposed to be shifted to the left by a dimension C with respect to the left magnetic pole of the electromagnetic clutch 5.

With such a configuration, the electromagnetic clutch 5
When the coil 20 is energized, the second clutch piece 11, that is, the integrated shaft 1 does not move in the thrust direction,
Only the first clutch segment 10, that is, the rotor 8 moves in the thrust direction, and the rotor 8 and the shaft 1 are connected. In this manner, the motor 1 is very easy to use because the shaft 1 does not move due to the movement inside the motor due to the appearance of the motor.

The energization of the electromagnetic clutch coil may be either AC or DC.

With the present invention configured as described above, if the combination of energization ON / OFF, forward / reverse rotation ON / OFF, and electromagnetic clutch ON / OFF of the motor coil is selected, as described in the above-described operation section, It is possible to select and use six functions (A) to (F).

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention for a one-way rotary shaded synchronous motor.

Part A is a motor, Japan Pulse Motor Co., Ltd.
It is equivalent to PTM-12E. Part B is an electromagnetic clutch.

The stator 4 incorporates two shaded copper plates, which are not shown in the drawing. Reference numeral 20 denotes an electromagnetic clutch coil.

First clutch piece 10, second clutch piece 1
1. The operation of the return coil spring 12 is the first and second
This is the same as described in the embodiment.

If the present invention is used with the one-way rotating motor configured as described above, the output shaft 1 can be controlled by a combination of ON / OFF of the motor rotation and ON / OFF of the electromagnetic clutch.
From there, at some point, take out the motor output torque, at some point, make a brake using detent torque,
In some cases, it is possible to selectively use the shaft free.

FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention for an HB type pulse motor and a synchronous motor.

This type of motor is called a slow thin type in terms of its basic structure, and has two to five phases.
The present invention can be applied to any phase HB motor.

The two-phase motor is used as a bidirectional rotary synchronous motor for a single-phase AC power supply according to the connection diagram shown in FIG.

The stator 4 has a stator coil 21. The rotor is composed of cores 22 and 23 and a ring-shaped magnet 24.
It has.

As described above, the energization ON / OFF of the motor coil
The first and second clutch pieces 10 and 11 are coupled / separated by the combination of OFF, motor forward / reverse rotation ON / OFF, and electromagnetic clutch coil 20. As explained, (A) ~
(F) Six functions can be selectively used.

FIG. 6 shows a fifth embodiment using the motor of the present invention.

In this example, a 90-degree operation angle valve such as a ball valve and a butterfly valve is used, and a spring return structure is used when the power is turned off.

The motor 25 with a built-in electromagnetic clutch has been described in the second embodiment.

The output shaft of the motor 25 has a reduction ratio of 1/50
And a pinion gear 27 is mounted on the output shaft of the speed machine, and the speed is reduced to 1/10 by using a segment gear 28. The segment gear 28 is provided with a return spring 32.

To explain by taking AC 100V, 50 (Hz) as an example, the output torque of the motor alone is 120 (g-c).
m), the output torque of the speed reducer 26 is 3.1 (kg-c
m). The output torque of the valve operating shaft 30 serving as the segment gear output shaft is 28 (kg-cm).

On the other hand, the detent torque (non-excitation holding torque) of the motor alone is 25 (g-cm), and in the case of a normal motor without an electromagnetic clutch, the segment gear is turned when the motor is turned off. If so, the detent torque of the reduction gear and the motor alone becomes the load,
If there is no torque of 28 (kg-cm) or more, it cannot be turned.

In the motor according to the present invention, the motor shaft can be made free by the electromagnetic clutch 31 and the friction torque of the motor alone shaft can be reduced to about 3 (g-cm) when the motor is free. 0.4 (kg-cm) or more.

This return torque is set so that the required valve closing torque, which is the spring tension of the return spring coil (or spring) 32 or the like multiplied by the radius R of the segment gear, has a margin.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

When the valve opening / closing operation switch 33 is turned on using the power supply of AC 100 V, the coil 34 of the electromagnetic clutch 31 is energized, and the rotor of the motor is connected to the motor output shaft by the clutch.

At the same time, the power supply passes through the closed contact of the full-open signal limit switch 35 and energizes the motor coil 36 as shown in the connection diagram of FIG. 3 (omitted in FIG. 6) to drive the motor, and the pinion gear 27 is used for return. The segment gear 28 is operated in the opening direction against the spring 32 to open the valve. When the valve operates 90 ° and is fully opened, the fully open signal limit switch 35 is turned off.

At this time, if the return spring extends and increases from the initial closing value of 10 (kg-cm) to 15 (kg-cm), the valve operating shaft torque due to the motor output torque becomes 28 (kg). kg-cm), the valve is fully opened with a torque of 13 (kg-cm).

When the limit switch 35 is turned off, the power supply to the coil 36 of the motor 25 is turned off. However,
Since the operation switch 33 is ON, the electromagnetic clutch 31
The energization of the coil 34 is continued, and the motor detent torque (non-excitation holding torque) 25 (g-cm) is 28 (kg-cm) at the valve operating shaft by back calculation of the reduction gear efficiency.
Because of this, the valve cannot be pulled back by the return spring, and the valve can be kept fully open even when the motor is turned off.

As a matter of course, the time from valve closing to valve opening is short (30 seconds at 50 Hz, 25 seconds at 60 Hz).
Therefore, the long holding time does not require energization of the motor, does not generate heat of the motor, and has the advantage that the power consumption of the electromagnetic clutch is small.

When the operation switch 33 is turned off, the energization of the coil 34 of the electromagnetic clutch 31 is cut off. When the clutch is disengaged, the motor shaft becomes free, and the holding torque from the motor on the valve operation shaft is 3. 4 (kg-cm), the return torque 15 (kg-cm) of the return spring 32 prevails, and the valve is returned to the fully closed state at a stretch (in FIG. 6, the pinion gear 27 is shifted 90 ° from the GH output shaft). Figure.)

The structure of the electromagnetic clutch described above is not limited to the structure described in each embodiment.

[0073]

According to the present invention, the detent torque (non-excitation holding torque) of the motor can be positively used. Detent torque can be used as holding brake force. Unlike the hysteresis motor, it is not necessary to keep the motor energized during the holding state, and power consumption can be reduced.

The rise in motor temperature can be reduced.

Since there are no moving parts in the holding state, the motor and the speed reducer are very little worn, and the reliability is improved.

Since the electromagnetic clutch is housed in the motor case, dust can be prevented and the reliability is high.

Since the motor of the conventional spring return mechanism can be replaced by the motor of the present invention, no major modification is required for the mechanism.

The basis of the present invention is to separate the rotor of the motor into a rotating part and a shaft, and to connect and separate them by a clutch. Therefore, the present invention can be used for motors of various operating principles. Utilizing this technical idea, the present invention can be applied to various types of spring return mechanisms from ultra-small to medium-sized and super-large.

Not only for the spring return mechanism, but also for applications requiring ON / OFF of the motor output torque, and applications for turning ON / OFF the output torque from the motor shaft by turning the clutch ON / OFF even if the rotor is rotating. The present invention can be used in various applications such as applications requiring ON / OFF of detent torque.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional side view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional side view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a connection diagram of a bidirectional rotary synchronous motor for a single-phase AC power supply.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial sectional side view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a main part of a fifth embodiment using the motor of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: rotating shaft 2: front bearing 3: front flange 4: stator 5: electromagnetic clutch 6: rear flange 7: rear bearing 8: rotor 9: rotor spacer 10: first clutch piece 11: second clutch piece 13: Rotation gap 14: Sliding gap 15: Clutch gap 16: Stator coil 17: Stator coil 18: Capacitor 19: Changeover switch 20: Electromagnetic clutch coil 21: Stator coil 22: Rotor core 23: Rotor core 24: Magnet 30: Valve operating shaft 32: Return spring 33: Operation switch 35: Fully open signal limit switch

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A stator, a rotor, and a rotation supporting the rotor.
In a motor including a rotating shaft, the rotor is an NS multipole rotor, and
And is supported movably in the thrust direction.
, The first clutch piece is fixed and opposed to the first clutch piece.
The second clutch piece to be fixed to the rotating shaft, and
An electromagnetic clutch for attracting and coupling the clutch piece and the second clutch piece to each other.
An elastic member for separating the coil for suction and its suction connection,
The motor is not energized and the electromagnetic clutch coil is energized
Sometimes a predetermined detent by the NS multipole rotor on the rotation axis
A motor with a built-in electromagnetic clutch, which generates torque to stop rotation of the rotating shaft .