JP3270179B2 - Underground structure that also serves as a foundation - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an underground structure which also serves as a dwelling foundation, and more particularly to an underground structure which forms an underground space serving as a basement or a parking lot.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the soaring land in an urban area and its suburbs, how to create a large number of living spaces in a limited space in a house has become a major issue.
In order to create a lot of living space from a certain land area, it is natural that the height of the house may be increased. In recent years, a house mainly having two stories has been replaced by a three story or four story house in recent years.

[0003] However, such an increase in height may not be allowed due to problems such as the right to sunshine depending on the circumstances of the surrounding housing, and construction costs are naturally high due to the need to sufficiently increase structural strength and the like. As a result, conventional low-rise housing (for example, two-story) is not available
In some cases, you may not be able to do so. Contrary to such an increase in height, it is also conceivable to expand the living space of the entire house by constructing a basement, and in recent years it has already been implemented in many houses.

[0004]

However, in the case of constructing a basement, it is usually difficult to design the basement separately from the foundation, and the construction cost is high due to the large amount of concrete to be cast. In other words, there is a problem that the construction period becomes longer because the curing period of the concrete becomes longer. Against this background, a technique for a prefabricated basement basement has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-33630). In this technology, precast reinforced concrete wall panels that integrally form a wall body and a part of the floor body are juxtaposed, and cast-in-place concrete is cast between the floor bodies to form a basement between the wall panels, The panel is used as a basis, and a house is built on it.

[0005] However, even with such a technique, after the precast reinforced concrete wall panels are installed, cast-in-place concrete is cast between them, so that the construction is performed in two stages, and the concrete to be the floor of the basement is constructed. Considering the curing period, there is a problem that the construction period cannot be sufficiently shortened. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a basement / underground structure that can sufficiently shorten the construction period and reduce the construction cost.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems Claim 1 of the present invention
Some of the underground / underground structures described are partially buried underground.
Concrete foundation for a house
The predetermined empty space is arranged on a part of the concrete fabric foundation.
Notch that allows the space to communicate with the outside world of the concrete fabric foundation
From the top of the concrete fabric foundation to the external ground surface
It is cut out to approximately the same height and is formed in the predetermined space.
The inside is excavated below the ground surface, and from the excavated bottom
Over the notch near the ground surface near the outside,
Precast concrete plate almost covering the bottom
Are installed diagonally, and the center of the inclination direction is from the bottom.
The object of the present invention is to be supported by an independent foundation extending upward . Claim 2
In underground structures, Con residential part is buried in the ground
A cleat fabric foundation is arranged surrounding a predetermined space, and
The fixed space is excavated below the ground surface, and the excavated bottom surface
The first that a precast concrete slab is installed in
An underground structure that also serves as a base and a second ground that also serves as a base according to claim 1.
The lower structure shares part of the concrete fabric foundation
Such that the concrete fabric is disposed adjacent to the shared fabric
The base is provided with a predetermined space in the first basement / underground structure.
And a predetermined space in the second basement / underground structure
Is formed as a means for solving the above-mentioned problem.

[0007]

According to basic combined underground structure according to claim 1, wherein in the present invention, leads to the outside by a notch Tokoro constant space is formed in the concrete fabric foundation, moreover precast co
Since the concrete plate is installed obliquely from the vicinity of the ground surface of the outside world, it is possible to freely enter and exit the outside world by passing the formed predetermined space through the cutout portion, and thus the predetermined space is, for example, a parking lot. Becomes possible. Ma
Precast concrete slab installed at an angle
Has its center in the direction of inclination upward from the excavated bottom
Supported by an extended independent foundation,
In order to maintain the support strength of the slope formed, the slope
Backfill excavated soil between the surface and
There is no need to cast them. According to the second combined use underground structure, the second combined use underground structure and the first combined use underground structure are disposed adjacent to each other, and a penetrating portion is formed therebetween. Before
By passing through a predetermined space in the first basement / underground structure, the second basement / underground structure is directly connected to the outside from the outside.
It is possible to get in and out of a predetermined space.

[0008]

1 and 2 show an embodiment in which the basement / underground structure according to the present invention is applied to a structure in a cold region. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a concrete cloth foundation. . The concrete fabric foundation 1 has an inverted T-shaped cross section composed of a footing 2 and a rising portion 3 rising from the foot. The foundation is higher in a cold region than in a warm region in consideration of frost damage. The rising part 3 is formed high, and is buried deep in the ground. In this example, only the footing 2 of the concrete fabric foundation 1 is formed by ordinary cast-in-place so as to divide the building into a number of squares, and the rising portion 3 is formed by a precast concrete slab. is there. Of the spaces surrounded and partitioned by the cloth foundation 1, spaces other than the predetermined spaces A and B adjacent to each other are backfilled. It is needless to say that the footing 2 may be precast concrete.

The predetermined spaces A and B are not backfilled,
Therefore, the bottom surface is substantially at the same level as the bottom surface of the footing 2. The predetermined space A serves as a basement, and rectangular plate-shaped precast concrete plates 4 are arranged side by side on the bottom surface without any gap. These precast concrete slabs 4 may be made of general concrete, but it is preferable to use lightweight aerated concrete because the heat insulating effect can be enhanced. In addition, these precast concrete slabs 4 ...
Is placed with a slight gap between it and the footing 2 of the cloth foundation 1 as shown in FIG. 2. The gap between the footing 2 and the footing 2 is filled with mortar or the like, and the ground is placed in the predetermined space A. It is not exposed. In addition, precast version 4
Prior to the installation, the bottom surface on which these are placed is previously flattened and, of course, is subjected to a known waterproofing process, for example, a process of laying a waterproof sheet. Further, the cloth foundation 1 surrounding the predetermined space A
Also, a waterproof sheet 5 is pasted on a surface opposite to the predetermined space A in advance, and thereby a prevention process is performed.

The predetermined space B serves as a parking lot, and the cloth base portion 1a opposite to the predetermined space A is arranged so as to be the outermost of the entire foundation. It has become an open space facing the outside world, that is, the yard or road after building a house. Further, the cloth base portion 1a is formed with a cutout portion 6 which is cut out in a rectangular shape from the upper end to the vicinity of the outer ground surface. This notch 6
Is a doorway for entering and exiting the predetermined space B from outside, and has a width that allows at least one vehicle to enter and exit.

In the predetermined space B, precast concrete plates 7 are arranged diagonally in parallel from the bottom surface to the cloth base portion 1a in which the notch 6 is formed so as to cover the bottom surface in the predetermined space B. is set up. That is, these precast concrete slabs 7 are arranged such that the lower end thereof is in contact with the side surface of the footing 2 of the cloth base portion 1b separating the predetermined space A and the predetermined space B, and the upper end portion is formed of the cloth base portion 1a. It is placed and installed in the notch 6. These precast concrete slabs 7 are arranged side by side without any gaps as in the previous case, and the center in the direction of inclination is supported by an independent foundation 8 provided on the bottom surface of the predetermined space B.

Further, a part of the rising portion 3 penetrates through the cloth base portion 1b which divides the predetermined space A and the predetermined space B so as to allow passage therebetween. Installed. Further, a ceiling material 11 made of a precast concrete plate or the like is laid over the cloth foundation 1 surrounding the predetermined spaces A and B serving as basements or parking lots as shown in FIG. Is fixed by an anchor bolt (not shown) or the like buried therein.

On the other hand, independent foundations (not shown) are appropriately disposed in the other portion of the cloth foundation 1, and floor materials (not shown) made of a wooden panel or the like are provided on the cloth foundation 1 and the independent foundation. ) Is suspended and fixed. Then, an upper house is built on the floor material and the ceiling material 11 so as to be fixed to the cloth foundation 1 by anchor bolts or the like, so that the predetermined space A is a basement and the predetermined space B is a parking lot. Housing to be built. In addition, the predetermined space A to be the basement
In the inside, of course, the side surface of the rising portion 3 of the cloth foundation 1 serving as the peripheral wall is subjected to a waterproofing treatment and a heat insulating treatment, and further, a known interior finish is further performed thereon. After similar processing is performed on the floor, floor finishing such as flooring is performed. Further, in the predetermined space A, of course, stairs and the like are provided so as to pass through the ceiling material 11 thereon and to enter and exit the living space on the basement floor.

Further, in the predetermined space B serving as a parking lot, for example, a buckle is embedded in the precast concrete slab 7 so that the vehicle does not go down to the fabric base portion 1b, or a slope is provided so that the vehicle does not slip when leaving. It is a matter of course that a non-slip is provided on the floor, and a drain (not shown) so that even if rainwater enters, it is discharged.
And so on. Further, a door (not shown) such as a shutter is attached to the notch 6 of the cloth base portion 1a, and a drain groove (not shown) for preventing rainwater from flowing into the parking lot is provided outside the door. Have been.

In order to construct such an underground structure that also serves as a foundation, first, a hole for the concrete fabric foundation 1 is excavated at a predetermined position where the foundation 1 is to be placed, and a predetermined space A, B
And the bottom surface thereof is set at the same level as the hole for the foundation 1. Next, assemble the formwork into the hole for foundation 1,
After arranging the reinforcement, the concrete is cast to form the footing 2 of the cloth foundation 1, and the precast concrete slab is erected on a predetermined position of the footing 2 before hardening to form the cloth foundation 1.
After completing the above, while removing the formwork of the cloth foundation 1 further,
The holes for the cloth foundation 1 other than the predetermined spaces A and B are backfilled.

Prior to backfilling, predetermined spaces A, B
Of course, the cloth foundation 1 surrounding the is subjected to a waterproof treatment as appropriate. Further, a precast concrete slab in which a notch 6 is formed in advance is used for the cloth base portion 1a on the opposite side to the predetermined space A, and a cloth base portion 1b that separates the predetermined space A and the predetermined space B is used. ,
A precast concrete slab in which a through portion 9 is formed in advance is used.

Next, precast concrete slabs 4 are arranged in parallel on an excavated surface which is a predetermined space A, and mortar is provided between the precast concrete slabs 4 and between the precast concrete slabs 4 and the footing 2 of the cloth foundation 1. And so on. In addition, precast concrete slab 4
When arranging in parallel, an L-shaped steel or the like may be placed in advance on the excavated surface for leveling, and a precast concrete slab 4 may be laid thereon. In this case, for example, a through hole is formed in the precast concrete slab 4 in advance, and mortar is poured into the space below the precast concrete slab 4 from the through hole to fix the precast concrete slab 4. Is preferred.

On the other hand, after the independent foundation 8 is formed in the predetermined space B in advance, the precast concrete slabs 7 are arranged obliquely side by side with one of the precast concrete slabs 7 being bridged over the notch 6. In addition,
This precast concrete slab 7 also has a notch 6 and an independent foundation 8 between it and the footing 2.
The space between the top and the top is filled with mortar and fixed. After that, the ceiling material 11 and the floor material are laid on the cloth foundation 1, and the house is further constructed thereon. The predetermined spaces A and B are furnished with a basement and a parking lot, respectively.

In the base / underground structure having such a structure, the upright portion 3 of the cloth base 1 is also used as a peripheral wall to form a basement and a parking lot. The construction period can be shortened as compared with the case of constructing a parking lot, and the amount of concrete placed is reduced, so that material costs are reduced . Precast concrete slab 7
Is supported by an independent foundation 8 at the center in the direction of inclination.
Formed on the underside of precast concrete 7
Backfilling excavated soil in concrete space, concrete, etc.
It is not necessary to cast
In both cases, the amount of concrete placed is reduced, and material costs are also reduced.
It is reduced. Therefore, the construction cost as a whole is greatly reduced. In addition, since the floor of the basement or the parking lot is formed by simply installing the precast concrete slabs 4 and 7 instead of casting the cast-in-place concrete as in the related art, the floor is quickly formed after the cloth foundation 1 is formed. The formation can be performed, and therefore, there is almost no inconvenience that the construction is interrupted due to concrete curing. Further, since the through portion 9 is formed between the predetermined spaces A and B,
After putting the car in the parking lot on a rainy day, you can enter the house through the basement, which is extremely convenient without getting wet in the rain.

In the above embodiment, the underground structure of the present invention is applied to an underground structure in a cold region. However, if the height of the upright portion of the cloth foundation is increased, the underground structure in a warm region can also be applied. Of course. In addition, the footing 2 of the fabric base 1 was formed by casting in place.
It is also possible to use a precast concrete slab having a through portion for concrete casting as a base, and to form concrete by partially casting concrete into the through portion.

[0021]

Basic shared underground structure according to claim 1, wherein in the present invention as described in the foregoing, through to the outside by a notch Tokoro constant space is formed in the concrete fabric foundation, yet the earth precast version outside of Since it is installed obliquely from the vicinity of the surface, the formed predetermined space passes through the cutout portion, so that it can freely enter and exit from the outside world. Therefore, the predetermined space can be used as, for example, a parking lot.
In addition, precast concrete plates installed at an angle
Extends upward from the excavated bottom
Supported by an independent foundation,
In order to maintain the support strength of the slope formed in the
Backfilling excavated soil with the bottom, concrete, etc.
There is no need to cast. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced. The underground structure that also serves as a base according to claim 2 , wherein the first underground structure that also serves as a base and the second underground structure that also serves as a base are arranged adjacent to each other, and a penetrating portion is formed therebetween. because there, before
By passing through a predetermined space in the second combined use underground structure, the first combined use use underground structure is directly
Predetermined can go in and out the space, thus for example the ones according to claim 1, wherein the parking, said first group of definitive
If the designated space in the basement / underground structure is a basement that leads to the house, the car can be put into the parking lot on a rainy day, and then enter the house through the basement. It is convenient.

[Brief description of the drawings]

Perspective view showing an embodiment of a basic combined subsurface structure of the present invention; FIG.

Side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a basic combined subsurface structure of the present invention; FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Concrete fabric foundation 2 Footing 3 Erect part 4, 7 Precast concrete plate 6 Notch 8 Independent foundation 9 Penetration A, B Predetermined space

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-2-248528 (JP, A) JP-A-57-33630 (JP, A) JP-A-59-15170 (JP, A) JP-A-2- 125071 (JP, A) JP-A-50-7340 (JP, A) JP-A-58-129946 (JP, U) JP-A-2-15958 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 29/00 E02D 27/10 E04H 1/02 E04H 6/02

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A concrete cloth foundation for a house, a part of which is buried in the ground, is disposed so as to surround a predetermined space, and a part of the concrete cloth foundation is surrounded by the predetermined space and the outside of the concrete cloth foundation. Is cut out from the upper end of the concrete fabric foundation to approximately the same height as the ground surface of the outside world, and the predetermined space is excavated below the ground surface, and the excavated bottom surface is formed. A precast concrete slab is installed obliquely so as to substantially cover the bottom surface from the vicinity of the outer surface of the ground in the notch portion, and a central portion in the inclination direction is extended upward from the bottom surface.
A basement / substructure that is supported by an independent foundation . 2. Concentrate for a house partially buried underground
A reed fabric base is arranged surrounding a predetermined space, and the
The space is excavated below the ground surface, and
Adjacent to precast concrete plate and the second basic combined underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the first base <br/> foundation combined subsurface structure formed by installed, share some of the concrete fabric foundation It is arranged to, in concrete fabric foundation is the shared, penetrations allowed to communicating the predetermined space in the a predetermined space second basic combined subsurface structure in the first basic combined subsurface structure is formed An underground structure that also serves as a foundation.