JP2676128B2 - Complex building - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an RC building on the first floor,
The present invention relates to a composite building that prevents leakage of water and improves workability and earthquake resistance in a building whose second floor is a wooden structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a building in which an RC building is used as a first floor and a wooden building is built on the first floor as a second floor, but such a building has a ceiling slab a. After casting and curing, the water repelling part b is placed and cured on the ceiling slab a,
A base c is placed and fixed on the upper surface of the water return section b, and a waterproof material e is laid from the external slab d to the water return section b.
Although the boundary between the first floor and the second floor is waterproofed, it takes a lot of work because the water repelling part b is placed after the ceiling slab a is placed, and it is waterproofed after a long period of construction. If the waterproof function of the material e deteriorates, there is a drawback that the ceiling slab a and the water return portion b leak water from the joint portion f.

Further, a general building foundation has a flat contact portion with respect to the ground, lacks integration with the ground, and is extremely weak against rolling such as an earthquake. Although it is a structure separate from the building foundation and has an upward opening consisting of a floor and a peripheral wall, even if the interior and exterior side surfaces of the structure are waterproofed, the floor and peripheral walls are striking. Water leaks from the joints, and a large number of separators that maintain the intervals of the formwork used during construction are regularly left in the embedded state on the completed peripheral wall. However, there is a drawback that a gap is generated between the separator and the concrete forming the load bearing wall, which is the peripheral wall portion, and water leaks from the embedded portion of the separator.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention improves the waterproof property at the boundary between a wooden building and an RC building and improves the workability, and also prevents the occurrence of dew condensation on the surface of the interior material of the RC wall surface. In addition to further improving the earthquake resistance and firmly supporting the building, the size of the underfloor storage for the room is expanded to make effective use of the land, and the leakage of water from the ground surface to the underfloor storage and the ground is also promoted. It is intended to provide a composite building that is designed to prevent it.

[0005]

In view of the problems such as water leakage at the boundary between the first and second floors and the workability of the ceiling slab, which is based on the above-mentioned conventional technique, the present invention provides an exterior of the concrete slab on the first floor. A height difference is provided between the slab and the inner slab so that the water on the outer slab does not leak to the inner slab and the above-mentioned drawbacks are not solved.

Further, in view of the problem that the building foundation and the ground are vulnerable to rolling due to the lack of integration, the foundation slab is driven on the down digging ground of the excavation part and the foundation beam is erected on the inner surface side of the excavation part. By integrating the upper part of the foundation beam with the building foundation, the building foundation and the foundation beam can be constructed at the same time, and at the same time, a part of the foundation beam of the building foundation will be immersed in the ground to strengthen the entire foundation. Therefore, the above drawbacks are not solved.

Also, in view of the problem of water leaking from the joint portion and the separator buried portion, a water-stopping material is interposed in an outer joint portion where the foundation beam is erected on the foundation slab, or occurs when the foundation beam is constructed. By embedding a water-stopping material in a recess near the separator, the water-stopping material is completely swelled and completely waterproofed, thereby eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages.

[0008]

In the present invention, the step inside the concrete slab is provided so that the internal slab which is the building area on the second floor is higher than the external slab which is outside the building area. Completely prevent water leakage to the slab,
Further, an air layer formed by adhering to the wall surfaces of the outer wall and the inner wall as a base material of the interior part of the RC structure reduces the temperature difference between the inside and the outside to prevent dew condensation on the surface of the interior material. The upper part of the foundation beam in the underground storage built inside will be projected upward from the ground surface and integrated with the building foundation to make the entire building foundation seismic resistant.

Further, a waterproofing material is buried in the outer peripheral joint portion where there is a danger of water leakage and the separator embedding position of the foundation beam to make it waterproof.

In addition, the R of the first floor, which is the solid foundation of the building
The C building is made of one box for earthquake-proof structure, and the entire floor under the floor of the first floor is made of concrete (solid foundation slab) to block moisture from the ground.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, in which 1 is a composite building according to the present invention, and the composite building 1 has an RC building 2 (reinforced concrete building) on the first floor. The wooden structure 3 is constructed on the second floor.

A large number of RC structures 2 are erected vertically and horizontally on the ground surface A, and a part of the seismic foundation 4 is buried in the ground.
Is constructed on a building foundation 5 having, and the seismic resistant foundation 4 digs the ground surface A into a square shape to provide an excavated portion B, and
The whole area of the excavated ground C, which is the bottom of the excavated portion B, is provided with the split chestnut ground engineering section 6, and the concrete 7 is thrown thinly on the entire upper surface of the split chestnut ground engineering section 6 so as to have a flat surface. After placing and curing the foundation slab 8 on the abandoned concrete 7, the water blocking material 10 is placed on the outer circumferential joint 9 of the foundation slab 8 and along the inner surface of the excavated portion B so as to contain the water blocking material 10. And the base beams 11 and 11a in the shape of a square wall are projected from the ground surface A to be erected and constructed, and the internal space formed by the base beams 11 and 11a and the base slab 8 constitutes an underfloor storage 12. There is.

Further, the water blocking material 10 has a swelling property which absorbs moisture in the concrete constituting the foundation slab 8 and the foundation beams 11, 11a ...

The foundation slab 8 and foundation beams 11, 11a
The waterproof sheet 13 is attached to the outer surface of the base material, and the space between the foundation slab 8 and the foundation beams 11, 11a and the ground surface A is dug in with earth and sand.

The above-mentioned foundation slab 8 and foundation beams 11, 11a.
In the construction of ..., In addition to providing the water blocking material 10 on the outer peripheral joints 9 from the viewpoint of water leakage prevention, a waterproof admixture is mixed in the concrete constituting these.

Reference numerals 14, 14a ... Are separators that are regularly buried and left in the foundation beams 11, 11a ... When the foundation beams 11, 11a ... Are constructed. The separators 14, 14a. Screw parts 15, 15a ... are screwed to the screw parts 15, 15a.
The wooden concrete (not shown) that was screwed into the a ... is cured, the mold is removed from the mold, and then the wooden concrete is removed. When the wooden concrete is removed, both ends of the separators 14 and 14a are exposed and the foundation beam 1
1, 11a ... Dimples 16 and 16a appear on both inner and outer surfaces.

A mortar adhesive 17 is applied to the recesses 16 and 16a, and a water blocking material 10 having a swelling property is wound around the screw portions 15, 15a ...
Water-blocking material 10 is buried by coating on 6 and 16a.

Next, the outer wall body 19 and the inner wall body 19a are erected on the building foundation 5, and the inner wall body 19 on the foundation beams 11, 11a.
Inside the a, the floor that is erected above the surface A
An entrance 21 that can be opened and closed between the room and the underfloor storage 12 is provided at an appropriate position of 20.

Reference numeral 22 is a concrete slab that constitutes the ceiling of the RC building 2.
Is to be built on the outer wall body 19 and the inner wall body 19a that are erected on the building foundation 5, and is an area for constructing the wooden structure 3 and an outer slab 23 outside the inner slab 23. The concrete slab 22 is divided into slabs 24, and the concrete slabs 22 are formed in the shape of bent slabs having step portions 25 at the divisions, and the inner slab 23 is formed into the outer slab 24.
The height is set higher and the haunch 26 is provided on the back surface of the step portion 25. Also, the outer wall body 19 is arranged outside the step portion 25.
It is constructed so that the outer slab 24 is supported downward.
You.

Further, the overlapping dimension X of the inner slab 23 and the outer slab 24 becomes larger in proportion to the weight of the upper wooden structure 3, and when the beam 27 passes through the overlapping portion, the haunch 26 is shown in FIG. It is provided as shown.

Reference numeral 28 is a moisture-proof sheet which serves as a base material for the interior portion 29 of the RC building 2. The moisture-proof sheet 28 is a two-layer sheet made up of a urethane sheet 30 and an aluminum sheet 31, and the urethane sheet 30 is an outer wall. It is attached so as to contact the wall surfaces of the body 19 and the inner wall body 19a, and the furring strips 32, 32a on the moisture-proof sheet 28.
Are fixed horizontally and vertically with a predetermined interval, and an interior material 33 such as a veneer plate is fixed to the upper surfaces of the furring strips 32, 32a ... to form an interior portion 29.

At the opening of the inner wall 19a, the moisture-proof sheet 28 is formed so as to surround the end surface 34 of the wall forming the opening.
, And a finishing material 35 such as a frame and a kamoi is fixed on it.

The outer surface of the outer wall body 19 has an exterior 36 such as a spray.
37 is an exhaust portion provided above the outer wall body 19, the exhaust portion 37 of the outer wall body 19 corresponding between the concrete slab 22 and the ceiling portion 38 constructed below the concrete slab 22. It is provided in place.

Reference numeral 39 is a waterproof sheet for preventing water from entering the upper surface of the concrete slab 22. The waterproof sheet 39 is attached over the entire surface of the outer slab 24 and extends above the step 25 and The slab 24 is projected outward from the outer wall body 19 on the first floor, and the parapet 40 is formed above the outer peripheral portion of the outer slab 24 so as to form a wide balcony 41 by the parapet 40 and the outer slab 24. doing.

The second-floor wooden structure 4 is constructed on a base 42 fixed along the step 25 of the concrete slab 22.

In the present embodiment, the RC which is the first floor
The wooden building 3 was built on the building 2; however, it is not limited to this method, and it is also possible to build an S building (steel building) on the RC building 2 which is the first floor. Is.

The building foundation 5 may be a solid foundation as shown in FIG. 1 or a cloth foundation as shown in FIG. 2. In the case of the solid foundation as shown in FIG. In the center of the foundation slab 43 that constitutes the underfloor of the building, a drainage section 44 that communicates with the ground via the split chestnut industry section 6 is provided, and the drainage section 44 is also provided.
The soil is put in.

Next, the operation of the composite building according to the present invention will be described. A step 25 is provided on the concrete slab 22 and the upper surface of the inner slab 23, which is the construction area of the wooden structure 3 which is the second floor, is the construction area. Since it is higher than the external slab 24 that is outside, it is possible to prevent water leakage such as rainwater from the external slab 24 to the internal slab 23 side, and also the external slab 24 that becomes the roof part on the first floor
Is a flat roof or balcony 41, and a large opening from the floor can be formed on the second floor, and the distance between the opening and the adjacent house is widened by the flat roof or balcony 41 to increase the amount of light.

Further, since the moisture-proof sheet 28, which is a two-layer sheet of the urethane sheet 30 and the aluminum sheet 31, is attached as a base material for the interior portion 29 of the RC building 2, the interior material 33 is directly attached to the outer wall body. It does not come into direct contact with the inner wall 19 and the inner wall 19a.
By forming an air layer between the outer wall body 19 and the inner wall body 19a, the air layer alleviates the temperature difference between the inside and the outside to prevent dew condensation on the surface of the interior material 33, and the outer wall body 19 and the inner wall body 19a. Even if dew condensation occurs on the wall surface, the moisture passes through between the wall surface and the aluminum sheet 31 of the moisture-proof sheet 28, passes through the ceiling portion 38, and is discharged from the exhaust portion 37 to the outside.

The foundation slab 8 which is a part of the building foundation 5
And foundation beams 11, 11a, etc. are immersed in the ground to form the earthquake-resistant foundation 4 to improve the earthquake resistance, and the foundation slab 8 and foundation beams 11, 11
The outer peripheral joint portion 9 and the foundation beams 11, 11a ... The foundation beams 11, 11a ... In which the embedded separators 14, 14a.
By embedding the water blocking material 10 in the recessed portions 16 and 16a on both sides of the water blocking material 10, the water blocking material 10 absorbs moisture in concrete,
It swells to close those gaps and completely waterproof it.

If the building foundation 5 is a solid foundation, 1
The RC building 2 on the floor consists of one box including the building foundation 5 to further improve the seismic resistance, and the underfloor on the first floor is the foundation slab 43 of the concrete building foundation 5 from the ground. If the drainage part 44 is provided in the central part of the foundation slab 43 under the floor in a large room, the rainwater entering from the ventilation hole (not shown) of the building foundation 5 will not be accumulated under the floor and the ground will not be collected. Can be discharged to.

[0032]

In summary, the present invention constructs a first floor part which partially or wholly constitutes an RC building on a building foundation, and at the same time, it is constructed on a concrete slab above the RC building.
In a building that constructs a wooden structure that is a floor, an internal slab 23 that supports the wooden structure 3 in a concrete slab 22 is set higher than an external slab 24 outside the internal slab 23 via a step 25. At the same time, since the haunch 26 is provided on the back surface of the step portion 25, the step portion 25 can permanently prevent leakage of rainwater or the like from the outer slab 24 to the upper surface of the inner slab 23 and the inner slab 23 and the outer slab 24. Can be constructed at the same time to improve workability, and since the haunch 26 is provided, the strength of the boundary portion between the inner slab 23 and the outer slab 24 can be improved.

Further, since the moisture-proof sheet 28 is adhered to the wall surface as a base material of the interior portion 29 of the RC building 2 and the interior material 33 is fixedly mounted on the moisture-proof sheet 28, a space between the interior material 33 and the wall surface is provided. Since the air layer does not cause dew condensation on the surface of the interior material 33, adhesion of mold or stains to the interior material 33 can be prevented, and the furring strips 32, 32
a ... and the finishing material 35 such as a frame and a kamoi does not directly contact the wall surface, and since the moisture-proof sheet 28 is a two-layer sheet shape of the urethane sheet 30 and the aluminum sheet 31, the outer wall body 19 and the inner wall body 19 are formed.
Even if dew condensation occurs on the wall surface of a, the aluminum sheet 31 of the moisture-proof sheet 28 shuts off and the moisture is discharged to the outside from the exhaust portion 37, whereby the furring edges 32, 32a due to the above-mentioned moisture and the finishing material 35. Can prevent corrosion.

Further, the ground surface A is dug down to provide the excavated portion B,
The foundation slab 8 is cast on the downhole C of the excavation part B, and the foundation beams 11, 11a ... are erected on the outer periphery joint 9 on the foundation slab 8 on the inner surface side of the excavation part B. The upper parts of 11, 11a ... Are integrated with the building foundation 5, and the swelling waterproofing material 10 is interposed in the outer peripheral joint 9 and the foundation beams 11, 11a.
Since the swellable waterproofing material 10 is buried in the recesses 16 and 16a on both sides of the foundation beams 11 and 11a where the separators 14 and 14a buried in a are located, it is built in the ground. The integrated foundation beams 11, 11a ... Are integrated with the building foundation 5, so that the foundation beams 11, 11a ... And the foundation slab 8 forming the underfloor storage 12 are also used as the foundation 5,
Can be fixed to the ground surface A, the excavated part B, and the excavated ground C to improve the earthquake resistance.

In addition to the original purpose of supporting the building, the building foundation 5 has foundation beams 11, 11a on the same vertical plane.
... and by constructing the wall 11, all the internal space of the foundation beams 11, 11a which also serve as the building foundation 5 can be utilized as the underfloor storage 12, and as a result, the entire underfloor storage 12 of the room can be stored under the floor.
The land can be used effectively.

Further, the water blocking material 10 swells at the location of water leakage in the underfloor storage 12, and the foundation slab 8 and foundation beam 11,
Since the gaps around the outer peripheral joint portion 9 between the 11a ... and the base beams 11, 11a ... Are closed, the leakage of water to the inside of the underfloor storage 12 can be waterproofed.

The outer wall of the RC building 2 which is the first floor
Since 19 is constructed outside the step portion 25, the external sl
The outer wall body 19 is positioned between the peripheral edge of the bump 24 and the step portion 25.
Therefore, under the balcony 41 formed by the external slab 24
A series of RC building 2 without a separate support column
Balcony with outer wall 19 built in the process
41 can be supported downward. Further, since the building foundation 5 is a solid foundation, the first floor including the building foundation 5 is a completely RC-made box body, so that further earthquake resistance can be improved and the entire floor below the floor is Building foundation 5 Foundation slab 4
3 and thereby protected from moisture from the ground made, especially if large room, the base slab 43 center, is provided with the <br/> drainage unit 44 for communicating with the ground, the building foundation 5 vent (Fig. Since rainwater and the like that have entered from (not shown) can be discharged from the drainage section 44 to the ground, the moisture resistance at the bottom of the floor is improved, and
This is a great practical effect in that it can prevent corrosion of wooden pulling, joists and the like that compose the floor 20 of the first floor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a composite building according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite building of another embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a boundary between the first floor and the second floor.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of another embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of an inner wall having an opening.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a main part of a building foundation.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a cross section of a main part of a building foundation of another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an earthquake-resistant foundation (underfloor storage).

FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a joint portion of a foundation slab and a foundation beam.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a buried portion of a separator.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of an essential part of a conventional method of constructing a building on a concrete slab.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Wooden structures 5 Building foundations 8 Foundation slabs 9 Peripheral joints 10 Water-stopping materials 11, 11a… Foundation beams 14, 14a… Separators 16, 16a… Indentations 22 Concrete slabs 23 Internal slabs 24 External slabs 25 Steps 26 Haunches 28 Moisture-proof sheet 29 Interior part 33 Interior material

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first floor part of which is partially or wholly an RC building is constructed on a building foundation, and a second floor wooden building is constructed on a concrete slab above the RC building. In a building, an internal slab that supports a wooden structure in a concrete slab is set higher than a step portion than an external slab outside the internal slab,
A haunch is provided on the back surface of the step portion, and a moisture-proof sheet is adhered to the wall surface as a base material for the interior part of the RC construction, and the interior material is fixedly mounted on the wall, and the ground surface is dug down to provide an excavated portion. , While placing a foundation slab on the excavated ground of the excavation part, standing the foundation beam on the outer peripheral joint on the foundation slab on the inner surface side of the excavation part, and integrating the upper part of the foundation beam with the building foundation, the construction was embedded with interposed a water stopping material with swelling properties to the outer peripheral punch joints, water stop material having a swelling property to the recessed portion of the both sides of the basic beams buried separator footing beams is located
In the building, the outer wall of the RC building, which is the first floor,
A complex building characterized by being constructed outside the step . The method according to claim 2] building foundation together with a solid foundation, the
The composite building according to claim 1, wherein a drainage portion communicating with the ground is provided in the center of the foundation slab .