JP3255104B2 - Image forming method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an image forming method for forming a color image by an electrophotographic method, an electrostatic recording method, or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an electrophotographic image forming method, first, an electrophotographic photosensitive member is charged by the charger, and the electrophotographic photosensitive member is imagewise exposed by the image exposing device. To form an electrostatic latent image. Next, the electrostatic latent image is developed by a developing device filled with toner, and a color image is formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member by the toner. Then, the color image is transferred onto the transfer material. The color image formed on the transfer material by the electrophotographic method is smoothed when the color toner is heated and fixed. Has a different glossiness. Also, depending on the type of the binder resin in the color toner, the method of heat fixing, etc.,
It is known that the viscosity of a toner at the time of heat fixing changes, and the glossiness of a color image changes. However, the preference for the glossiness of a color image varies depending on the type of image, the purpose of use, and the like, and is diverse. For a photo original such as a person or a landscape, a higher gloss image is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining a clear image. It is rare.

[0003] For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
JP, JP-A-3-2765, JP-A-63-25
No. 9575 discloses that a high gloss image is obtained by selecting a toner material, fixing conditions, and the like using a color copying machine. However, according to the techniques described in these publications, the glossiness of the image portion due to the toner can be increased, but the glossiness of the non-image portion cannot be increased, and the glossiness on the transfer material cannot be made uniform. Further, unevenness of the colored toner remains on the image surface and does not become smooth as in silver halide photography or printing, so that a smooth texture cannot be obtained.

In order to solve the above problems, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 63-58374, 4-27867, 4-204670, and 5-23
No. 2840, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-72696, etc.
An apparatus for transferring and fixing a transparent toner in addition to a color toner on a transfer material has been proposed.

However, when the transparent toner is developed over the entire surface of the image, in the case of an image having a high image density, the toner is offset to the heat fixing roll at the time of heat fixing, or the image is developed by an amount corresponding to the development of the colored toner. Since unevenness remains, a smooth high-quality image cannot be obtained, or the image is developed on the color toner, a large amount of transparent toner is consumed, and wasteful resources are used. In addition, the offset in the fixing is likely to occur when a transparent toner is transferred and fixed by using a printing art paper having a relatively smooth surface coated with a resin as a transfer material.

Further, when developing the transparent toner into a part of the image, the developing position of the transparent toner is not sufficiently controlled. For example, when a dot screen is used as a structure of an image signal for developing a colored toner or a transparent toner, since the image gap between the dots has a complicated shape, the transparent toner is developed only in the gap. It is difficult to do. For this reason, the surface structure of the image is not smooth, and a high-quality image such as a silver halide photograph or printing cannot be obtained. Also,
Even in the case of a device using an analog screen as the structure of the image signal for developing colored toner or transparent toner,
When the screen angle is different for each color toner image signal, the gap where the color toner is not developed has a complicated shape, and it is difficult to develop the transparent toner only in the gap. For this reason, the surface structure of the image is not smooth, and a high-quality image such as a silver halide photograph or printing cannot be obtained.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and achieve the following objects. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide an image in which the image surface is smooth over the entire image, which can provide a smooth and high-quality image, has no offset to the fixing roll, and does not depend on the image density. It is an object of the present invention to provide a color image forming method capable of uniformly reproducing the glossiness on a transfer material and eliminating wasteful transparent toner consumption.

[0008]

As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, a transparent toner is used in addition to a colored toner, and the developing position of the transparent toner is accurately controlled to accurately develop the toner in the gap between the colored toners. It has been found that it is important to complete the present invention.

That is, according to the image forming method of the present invention, an electrostatic latent image having a line structure aligned in the same direction on an image carrier is formed for each color.
Formed in, and the color developed with a plurality of color toners and transparent toner the electrostatic latent image, and transferring the developed developed image to a transfer member to an image forming method for forming an image, the color toner Transparent toner image signal based on maximum image signal
ON / OFF of laser light for exposure by generating
And developing the transparent toner between the lines of the colored toner.

[0010]Image signal of transparent tonerIs the color toner
ofBiggestWhen the image signal indicates the ON state of the exposure laser beam,
The image signal of the transparent toner is an OF laser beam for exposure.
F state, and the color tonerBiggestImage signal
Indicates the OFF state of the exposure laser light, the transparent
Image signal indicates the ON state of the exposure laser beamLike
To generate a transparent toner image signalPreferably,
Also, with the analog screen generatorGenerate
Is preferred. Furthermore, the image signal of the transparent toner isCt
(%)CtSatisfy the following expression (1).
Is preferred.Ct = 100−a × Max (Cc, Cm, Cy, Ck) Equation (1) here,Cc (%), Cm (%), Cy (%), Cbk
(%) Are cyan toner, magenta toner, and yellow toner, respectively.
Low toner and black tonerImage signal for developing
And the function Max isCc, Cm, Cy, and Ckof
Represents a function to find the maximum value, and a isThe following relationshipsSatisfied
And1.3>a> 0.7  When the calculated value Ct ≦ 0, Ct = 0.The above formula
In (1), a satisfies the following relationship.
preferable. 1.2>a> 0.8 In the above formula (1), it is particularly preferable that a is 1.
Good.

In forming an electrostatic latent image having a line structure on an image carrier, an electrostatic latent image having a line structure formed for a color toner including a cyan toner, a magenta toner, and a yellow toner is formed. It is preferable that the line directions are all the same, and the laser beam diameter in the main scanning direction is preferably 2 to 5 times the particle diameter of the color toner.

Further, as the transparent toner, it is preferable to use a transparent toner containing inorganic fine particles and / or resin fine particles, and it is preferable that the color toner and the transparent toner have a volume average particle diameter of 4 to 8 μm.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

According to the color image forming method of the present invention, a step of forming an electrostatic latent image having a line structure on an image carrier (hereinafter, referred to as a latent image forming step) is performed. A step of performing color development using toner (hereinafter, referred to as a developing step) and a step of transferring the formed developed image to a transfer body (hereinafter, referred to as a transfer step).

<Latent Image Forming Step> The latent image forming step is a step of forming an electrostatic latent image on the electrophotographic photosensitive member by exposing the electrophotographic photosensitive member imagewise with the image exposing device. . In the present invention, in this latent image forming step, the ON / OFF of the exposure laser light is controlled by modulating the image signal of the transparent toner based on the image signal of the colored toner, and the transparent toner is formed between the lines of the colored toner. Develop the toner. For example, when the image signal of the colored toner indicates the ON state of the exposure laser light, the image signal of the transparent toner indicates the O state of the exposure laser light.
When the FF state is indicated and the image signal of the colored toner indicates the OFF state of the exposure laser light, it is preferable to modulate the image signal so that the image signal of the transparent toner indicates the ON state of the exposure laser light.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an image exposure device that can be used in the present invention. In this image exposure device,
An analog screen generator is used as a device for modulating an image signal. 1 has a scanner 1, an image processing device 2, an analog screen generator 14, a ROS optical unit 11, a photoreceptor 12, and a scanning start signal detector 13. The analog screen generator 14 has a D / A The ROS optical unit 11 includes a converter 3, a triangular wave generator 4, and a comparator 5. The ROS optical unit 11 includes a laser driver 6, a laser light source 7, a polygon mirror 8, a lens system 9, and a mirror 10.

In the image exposure device shown in FIG. 1, the image processing device 2 performs gradation correction, spatial frequency correction and color correction of the image signal read and digitized by the scanner 1 to produce a digital image signal. . This signal is modulated by the analog screen generator 14. That is, D /
The analog signal is converted into an analog signal of 0 to Vs (V) by the A converter 3, and the analog signal is compared with a triangular wave of 0 to Vs (V) generated by the triangular wave generator 4 by the comparator 5. Thus, an image signal modulated on the time axis can be obtained. The signal modulated by the analog screen generator 14 is modulated by the laser driver 6 into an On / Off signal of the laser light source 7. The modulated laser beam is scanned on the photoconductor 12 by the polygon mirror 8, the lens system 9, and the mirror 10, and is exposed in a line structure. A part of the light scanned by the polygon mirror is detected by a scanning start signal detector 13, and a scanning start signal is input to a triangular wave generator 4. The triangular wave generator 4 controls the phase of the triangular wave and outputs an image signal output synchronizing signal to the image processing device and the laser driver.

This analog screen generator has:
An apparatus characterized in that the phases of the triangular waves for forming the electrostatic latent image of the colored toner are all equal, and the phase of the triangular waves for forming the electrostatic latent image of the transparent toner is shifted by 180 degrees from that of the colored toner. Since the angles of the lines of the colored toner and the transparent toner are all equal, the colored toners are all developed on the same line, and the transparent toner has the function of being developed between the lines of the colored toner. It is particularly preferable as a device for modulating .

An apparatus for modulating an image signal according to the present invention;
Limited to analog screen generators
Use a digital screen generator
it can. In this case, the digital data of the color toner is transparent.
Image signal that modulates light toner.
In other words, transparent toner can be developed between lines of colored toner.
it can.

As the exposure light source, a known light source such as a semiconductor laser or a gas laser can be used.
The beam diameter of the exposure device in the main scanning direction on the photoreceptor surface is preferably twice or more and five times or less the average particle diameter of the color toner and the transparent toner. If the beam diameter is less than twice the average particle diameter, it is difficult to keep the beam diameter constant at the center and at the end of the photoreceptor, causing image density unevenness. On the other hand, if the beam diameter exceeds five times the average particle diameter, the edge shape of the line becomes wavy, and the line of the colored toner cannot be filled accurately by the line of the transparent toner. Here, the beam diameter refers to the diameter in the main scanning direction when the intensity of laser light having a Gaussian distribution is 1 / e ^{2 of the} maximum intensity.

It is preferable that the image signal Ct (%) for developing the transparent toner is determined as follows by the image processing apparatus. The image signal Ct (%) corresponds to the image area ratio per pixel. For example, one cycle of the analog screen generator is set to 100
% Indicates the ratio of the laser lighting time, and is controlled by a data signal input to the D / A converter 3 in FIG. Ct = 100−a × Max (C _{1 to} C _i ) Formula (1) where C _{1 to} C _i represent an image signal for developing each color toner, and the function Max is the maximum of C _{1 to} C _i . Represents a function to find a value. Further, a satisfies the relationship of the following expression (2), and 1.2>a> 0.8. Expression (2) When C ≦ 0 of the calculated value, C = 0.

<Developing Step> The developing step is a step in which an electrostatic latent image is developed by a developing device filled with transparent toner and colored toner, and a color image is formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member using the transparent toner and colored toner. Say. In the developing step of the present invention, there is no particular limitation except for using a transparent toner and a colored toner.

In the present invention, "transparent toner" means toner particles which do not contain a coloring material (color pigment, coloring dye, black carbon particles, black magnetic powder, etc.) for coloring by light absorption or light scattering. Means The transparent toner in the present invention is usually colorless and transparent, but depending on the type and amount of a fluidizing agent and a release agent contained therein, the transparency may be slightly lower, but substantially. It is colorless and transparent.

The transparent toner of the present invention contains at least a binder resin. The binder resin only needs to be substantially transparent, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. -Based resins, polystyrene-based resins, polyacrylic resins, other vinyl-based resins, polycarbonate-based resins, polyamide-based resins, polyimide-based resins, epoxy-based resins, and known resins used for general toners such as polyurea-based resins And copolymers. Among them, polyester resins are preferable because they can simultaneously satisfy toner characteristics such as low-temperature fixing property, fixing strength, and storage stability. Considering that the binder resin is used in combination with a heat roll fixing device, the binder resin has a weight average molecular weight of 5,000.
ポ リ エ ス テ ル 12000 polyester is preferred.

In order to obtain high glossiness and uniformity in the transparent toner, it is necessary to control the fluidity and chargeability of the toner. From the viewpoint of controlling the fluidity and chargeability of the transparent toner, it is preferable that inorganic fine particles and / or resin fine particles are externally added or adhered to the toner surface of the transparent toner. The inorganic fine particles are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and may be appropriately selected from known fine particles used as an external additive depending on the purpose. ,
Examples include titanium dioxide, tin oxide, and molybdenum oxide. Further, in consideration of stability such as charging property, those obtained by subjecting these inorganic fine particles to a hydrophobic treatment using a silane coupling agent, a titanium coupling agent, or the like can be used. The organic fine particles are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and may be appropriately selected from known fine particles used as an external additive depending on the purpose. Resin, polystyrene resin, polyacrylic resin, vinyl resin,
Examples thereof include a polycarbonate resin, a polyamide resin, a polyimide resin, an epoxy resin, a polyurea resin, and a fluorine resin. The average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles and the organic fine particles is particularly preferably from 0.005 to 1 μm. If the average particle size is less than 0.005 μm, the inorganic fine particles and / or the fine resin particles may adhere to the surface of the transparent toner to cause aggregation and the desired effect may not be obtained. In such a case, it becomes difficult to obtain a higher gloss image.

When the heat fixing means is a heat roll fixing, it is preferable to add a release agent in order to prevent offset to the fixing roll. The release agent is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and may be appropriately selected from known materials used as the release agent depending on the purpose. , A polyethylene resin, a polypropylene resin and the like.

The particle size of the transparent toner is not particularly limited. However, considering that the transparent toner has a function of faithfully reproducing an electrostatic latent image by the exposure device, the particle size is 4 μm or more and 8 μm or more.
μm or less is desirable.

The colored toner of the present invention contains at least a binder resin and a colorant, and examples thereof include a cyan toner, a magenta toner, a yellow toner, and a black toner. The composition, average particle size, and the like of the color toner are appropriately selected from a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention. Examples of the binder resin include those exemplified as the binder resin in the transparent toner. Further, considering that the binder resin is used in combination with a heat roll fixing device, the binder resin is preferably a polyester having a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 12,000. The colorant is not particularly limited as long as it is a colorant generally used for toner, and is selected from known per se cyan pigments or dyes, magenta pigments or dyes, yellow pigments or dyes, black pigments or dyes. it can. Preferably, in order to enhance the effect of obtaining high gloss, it is important to suppress irregular reflection at the interface between the pigment of the colorant and the binder.
Combination with a coloring agent in which a pigment having a small particle diameter, which is disclosed in JP-A No. 2, is highly dispersed is effective. The particle size of the color toner is not particularly limited, but considering that the color toner has a function of faithfully reproducing the electrostatic latent image by the exposure device, it is considered that 4
It is desirably not less than μm and not more than 8 μm. The colored toner of the present invention may be appropriately produced or may be a commercially available product.

The transparent toner and the color toner are used after being combined with an appropriately selected carrier known per se to form a developer. Further, as a one-component developer, a means for forming a charged toner by frictionally charging with a developing sleeve or a charging member and developing according to an electrostatic latent image can also be applied.

<Transfer Step> The transfer step is a step of transferring a color image formed on an electrophotographic photosensitive member with a transparent toner and a color toner onto a transfer material. The color image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member may be directly transferred onto a transfer material, or may be once transferred onto an intermediate transfer member and then onto a transfer material. The transfer order of the transparent toner and the colored toner in the color image is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
First, the transparent toner is adhered on the electrophotographic photosensitive member or the intermediate transfer member, and then charged again,
An operation such as exposure is performed, and development is performed using the color toner. This operation may be repeated by the number of color toners to form a developed image with a plurality of toners on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and then the plurality of toners may be collectively transferred onto the transfer material. Further, after the image developed by the colored toner is first transferred onto the transfer material, the transparent toner may be transferred onto the transfer material. In this case, a color toner image having a line structure is transferred onto these transfer materials, and a transparent toner having a line structure is transferred to a gap between the lines.

<Image Forming Apparatus> As described above, in the color image forming method of the present invention, a step of forming an electrostatic latent image having a line structure on an image carrier, and applying the electrostatic latent image to a colored toner and a transparent toner A color developing process, and a process of transferring the formed developed image to a transfer body.In the process of forming an electrostatic latent image having a line structure on the image carrier, an image signal of a color toner is formed. There is no particular limitation as long as the ON / OFF of the exposure laser beam is controlled by modulating the image signal of the transparent toner based on this, and the transparent toner can be developed between the lines of the colored toner. Sho-63-5837
The image formation can be performed using a known color image forming apparatus as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4 (1994) -208.

In order to form a color image on the transfer material using the transparent toner and the color toner charged and mixed with a known carrier, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-5837
A known device such as that described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4 can be used. For example, the color image forming apparatus used in the present invention includes an electrophotographic photoreceptor, a charger, a developing device, a transfer device, a fixing device, and the like. It may have a container or the like.

The electrophotographic photosensitive member is not particularly limited and may be a known one, and may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure and a function-separated type. Further, the material may be an inorganic material such as selenium or amorphous silicon, or an organic material. Examples of the charger include a known charger such as a conductive or semiconductive roller, a brush, a film, contact charging using a rubber blade, or the like, corotron charging using a corona discharge, or scorotron charging. Can be Examples of the image exposure device include a known optical system device that can expose a known light source such as a gas laser beam in addition to a semiconductor laser beam into a desired image.
Examples of the developing device include a known developing device having a function of attaching toner to an electrophotographic photosensitive member using a brush, a roller, or the like. However, the developing device in the color image forming apparatus of the present invention has a function capable of performing development using a transparent toner and a colored toner (C, M, Y, K). As such a developing device, for example, a developing device including a transparent toner developing device, a cyan toner developing device, a magenta toner developing device, a yellow toner developing device, and a black toner developing device provided on an upper peripheral portion of a rotating body is exemplified. . Examples of the transfer device include a known transfer charger such as a contact transfer device using a transfer belt or a transfer roller, a corotron transfer device using corona discharge, and a scorotron transfer device. As the fixing device, for example, a heating roll fixing device that melts and deforms the toner using a heating roll and a pressure roll to fix the toner is used. From the viewpoint of obtaining a smooth image surface structure, it is preferable to use an oven fixing device, a radiant fixing device, or the like.

Hereinafter, the color image forming method of the present invention will be described together with the image forming apparatus. FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing an example of a color image forming apparatus that can be used in the color image forming method of the present invention. The color image forming apparatus illustrated in FIG. 2 includes an image forming unit and a heat fixing unit,
The image forming unit includes a charger 27 as the charger.
An organic photoreceptor 12 as the electrophotographic photoreceptor, illumination 21 as the image exposure device, a color scanner 1, an image processing device 2, a laser light source 7, and an optical system (ROS) 11;
A yellow developing device 29, a magenta developing device 30, a cyan developing device 31, a black developing device 32, and a transparent toner developing device 36 are used as the developing devices, and a transfer drum 33 is connected to the organic photoconductor 12 as the transfer charger. Respectively. The heat fixing means has a heat roll fixing device 37 as a fixing device.

When making a color copy using the color image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 2, an original 21 to be copied is illuminated 21 and the reflected light is color-separated by a color scanner 1 and image-processed by an image processing apparatus 2. The image data of the color toner and the image data of the transparent toner obtained by performing the processing and performing the color correction are converted into a modulated laser beam using the laser light source 7 for each color. The laser beam is applied to the organic photoreceptor 12 a plurality of times for each color to form a plurality of electrostatic latent images. The plurality of electrostatic latent images are formed by using four colored toners of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black and a transparent toner, and these are formed into a yellow developing device 29, a magenta developing device 30, a cyan developing device 31, and a black developing device 3.
2, and development is performed in order by the transparent toner developing device 36. Then, the developed color toner image is transferred from the organic photoreceptor 12 onto a transfer material 34 such as a sheet by a transfer corotron 35 and heat-fixed by a hot roll fixing device 37. As described above, a color image is formed on the transfer material 34.

[0036]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[Preparation of Developer, etc.] (1) Transparent Toner Developer A linear polyester obtained from terephthalic acid / bisphenol A ethylene oxide adduct / cyclohexanedimethanol as a binder resin (molar ratio = 5: 4: 1, Tg = 62
C., Mn = 4500, Mw = 10000), pulverized with a jet mill, and then classified with an air classifier to produce transparent fine particles with d50 = 7 μm. The following two types of inorganic fine particles A and B were attached to 100 parts by weight of the transparent fine particles using a high-speed mixer. Inorganic fine particles A are S
iO ₂ (hydrophobic treatment of the surface with a silane coupling agent, average particle size 0.05 μm, addition amount 1.1 parts by weight). The inorganic fine particles B are TiO ₂ (hydrophobized surface with a silane coupling agent, average particle size 0.02 μm, refractive index 2.5, added amount 1.4 parts by weight). As a carrier, a particle size of about 50 μm coated with a styrene methyl methacrylate copolymer
A two-component developer for a transparent toner is prepared by adding a transparent toner at a ratio of 8 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the carrier using spherical ferrite particles of m and mixing with a turbuler shaker mixer. did.

(2) Color toner developer Color toner developer is manufactured by Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd .: AC
A cyan developer, a magenta developer, a yellow developer, and a black developer for color were used. The average particle size of the colored toner was 7 μm.

Example 1 A modified A-color 630 manufactured by Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. equipped with an image exposure device incorporating an analog screen generator shown in FIG. 1 was used as an image forming apparatus. Art paper (Shin Oji Paper Co., Ltd.)
Was used to form an image. In addition, A-colo
The r630 remodeled machine has the same configuration as the above-described color image forming apparatus of FIG. 2, and performs the same operation as the operation of the image forming apparatus shown in FIG.

When making a color copy using the color image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 2, first, an original 21 to be copied is illuminated with illumination 21, and the reflected light is color-separated by the color scanner 1, and the image is processed by the image processing apparatus 2. The image data of the color toner and the image data of the transparent toner obtained by performing the processing and performing the color correction are converted into a modulated laser beam using the laser light source 7 for each color. The laser beam is applied to the organic photoreceptor 12 a plurality of times for each color to form a plurality of electrostatic latent images. The plurality of electrostatic latent images are formed by using four colored toners of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black and a transparent toner, and these are formed into a yellow developing device 29, a magenta developing device 30, a cyan developing device 31, and a black developing device 3.
2, and development is performed in order by the transparent toner developing device 36. Then, the developed color toner image is transferred from the organic photoreceptor 12 onto a transfer material 34 such as a sheet by a transfer corotron 35 and heat-fixed by a hot roll fixing device 37. As described above, a color image is formed on the transfer material 34. As the light source 7, a semiconductor laser having a wavelength of 780 ηm was used. The beam diameter in the main scanning direction is adjusted to be 30 μm.
The image signal of the color toner is converted by the image processing device 2 into an AC signal.
400d in the same way as the normal image processing of color630
pi, generated as an 8-bit digital signal, D / A
The signal was converted into an analog signal of 0 to 1 V by the converter 3. Then, it was compared with the triangular wave adjusted to 0 to 1 V by the comparator 5 to obtain a time-modulated image signal. This is input to the laser driver 6 and the laser light O
The control of n / Off was performed. The modulated laser light was scanned on the photosensitive member by an optical system such as a polygon mirror 8, a lens 9, and a mirror 10. The cycle of the triangular wave is adjusted so as to form an image of 200 lines on the photoconductor 12. Further, the light beam reflected from the end of the polygon mirror 8 is detected by the scanning start signal detector 13 and input to the triangular wave generator 4 and the image processing device 2 as a scanning start signal, and the formation of the triangular wave and the output of the image signal are performed. Started. As a result, the laser beam is exposed from a fixed position on the photosensitive member 12 for each scanning line, so that a line image aligned in the same direction as the moving direction of the transfer material 34 was formed. Also, since the same triangular wave is generated at the same timing regardless of the color of the colored toner, the direction of the parallel line is the same for each color.
An overlapped colored toner image was formed on the transfer material 14. On the other hand, an 8-bit digital signal for transparent toner development was generated by the image processing device 2 from the image signal for each color read from the scanner so as to satisfy the following expression (3). Ct = 100−Max (Cc, Cm, Cy, Ck) (3) where Cc, Cm, Cy, and Ck are image signals (%) of cyan toner, magenta toner, yellow toner, and black toner, respectively. , Max (a, b,
c) is a function for finding the maximum value of a to c. When the above-described scanning start signal is input to the triangular wave generator 4, an output of a triangular wave having a phase different from the triangular wave of the color toner by 180 degrees and having the same period is output to the image processing apparatus 2 and the laser driver 6. Output. The image signal is modulated into an analog signal by the D / A converter 3, compared with a triangular wave by the comparator 5, input as a time-modulated signal to the laser driver 6, and the laser On / Off control is started. The laser beam is applied to the polygon mirror 8 and the optical system 11 such as the lens 9 and the mirror 10 in the same manner as for the color toner.
Scanning on the photosensitive member 12. At this time, since the lines of the transparent toner are 180 degrees out of phase with the lines of the colored toner, the transparent toner was developed and transferred only between the lines of the colored toner. The weight of the colored toner to be developed is
For each color, 0.7 (mg) at the image signal Cin = 100% portion
/ Cm ² ), and the development amount of the transparent toner in the image signal Cin = 100% portion was 1.0 (mg / cm ² ).

Next, the obtained images were evaluated as follows. Table 1 shows the evaluation results. <Evaluation of Smoothness> The smoothness of the image surface was evaluated by measuring the surface roughness of a process black image in which cyan, magenta, and yellow image signals had Cin = 50%.
For the measurement, use a surface roughness meter “Perthometer C5
D "(Perthen) was used. Needle tip diameter 2μm
Scan speed 0.5 mm / sec, measurement length 1.0 mm, measurement pitch 1 μm, cutoff 0.8 mm
The ten-point average roughness Rz _i (μm) was determined under the above measurement conditions. This is perpendicular to the scan at a measurement pitch of 5 μm,
The process was repeated 50 times to obtain Rz _{1 to} Rz ₅₀ , and the average value was defined as Rz (μm). The average value was calculated using an image analysis apparatus “SAS-2010” (manufactured by Meishin Koki Co., Ltd.). The evaluation was performed according to the following criteria. ×. . . . When Rz is 5 μm or more Δ. . . . 2.5 μm or more and less than 5 μm ○. . . . When less than 2.5μm

<Evaluation of Offset> The evaluation of the offset to the fixing roll was carried out on the process black image produced by setting the image signal Cin of each color of cyan, magenta and yellow to 100% by the above-mentioned method. Was calculated and evaluated with an image obtained by developing the transparent toner. O indicates that no offset has occurred, Δ indicates that a small amount of offset has occurred, but no defect such as offset toner adheres to the image is observed,
A sample in which a defect such as the attachment of offset toner was observed on the image was evaluated as x.

<Evaluation of graininess> The evaluation of graininess was 2 × 2
The evaluation was carried out by visual evaluation using uniform cyan images having image signals of 10%, 50%, and 100% in cm. 20
The following five-stage evaluation was performed on the human evaluators. 1. 1. very coarse, 2. coarse texture; Normal 4. 4. Fine-grained Next, the average value was determined and evaluated according to the following criteria. ×. . . . When the average value is less than 2 Δ. . . . In the case of 2 or more and less than 4 ○. . . . 4 or more

<Evaluation of color reproducibility>
-Write 404 "(manufactured by X-rite).
The image density of an image obtained by developing the magenta toner and the transparent toner was measured based on the magenta image signal of 50% and the transparent toner image signal obtained by the above-described method, and evaluated according to the following criteria. ×. . . . Less than 0.8 △. . . . 0.8 or more and less than 1.0 ○. . . . 1.0 or more

<Sensory Evaluation of Image> Sensory evaluation of the whole image was performed by visual evaluation of a portrait of a person. The following five-level evaluation was performed on 20 evaluators. 1. Very bad 2. Bad 3. Normal 4. Good 5. Very good Next, the average value was obtained and evaluated according to the following criteria. ×. . . . When the average value is less than 2 Δ. . . . In the case of 2 or more and less than 4 ○. . . . 4 or more

<Measurement of Glossiness Difference> Glossiness (gloss) of an image is measured by “Gloss Meter GM-26”.
D "(manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory). The incident angle of light on the image was 75 degrees. In the evaluated images,
50% each of a uniform cyan image having a cyan image signal of 10%, 50%, and 100% developed with a transparent toner using the transparent toner image signal obtained by the above-described method, a cyan image signal, a magenta image signal, and a yellow image signal. %, And developing the transparent toner using the transparent toner image signal obtained by the above-described method. The process gray image, cyan image signal, magenta image signal, and yellow image signal are each defined as 100%, and the colored toner is developed. The process black image and the color toner image signal in which the transparent toner is developed by the transparent toner image signal obtained by the above method are all 0%, and only the transparent toner is obtained by the transparent toner image signal obtained by the above method. The developed image was used. Then, the maximum value of the gloss difference between these images is obtained,
The evaluation was performed according to the following criteria. ×. . . . When the difference in glossiness is 30 or more Δ △. . . . When the difference in glossiness is 15 or more and less than 30 ○. . . . When the difference in glossiness is 15 or less

The molecular weight was measured using gel permission chromatography. Tetrahydrofuran was used as the solvent. The average particle diameter of the toner was measured using a Coulter counter, and the weight average d50 was applied.

Example 2 A color image was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the beam diameter in the main scanning direction of the laser was changed to 40 μm. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.

(Embodiment 3) Image signal Ct of transparent toner
A color image was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that (%) was calculated by the following formula (4) by image processing. Table 1 shows the evaluation results. Ct = 100−0.7 × Max (Cc, Cm, Cy, Ck) (4) where Cc, Cm, Cy, and Ck are image signals (%) of cyan toner, magenta toner, yellow toner, and black toner, respectively. And Max (a, b,
c) is a function for finding the maximum value of a to c.

(Embodiment 4) Image signal Ct of transparent toner
A color image was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that (%) was calculated by the following equation (5) by image processing. Table 1 shows the evaluation results. Ct = 100−1.3 × Max (Cc, Cm, Cy, Ck) (5) where Cc, Cm, Cy, and Ck are image signals (%) of cyan toner, magenta toner, yellow toner, and black toner, respectively. And Max (a, b,
c) is a function for finding the maximum value of a to c.

Comparative Example 1 A color image was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no transparent toner was used. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.

Comparative Example 2 A color image was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the image signal Ct for developing the transparent toner was set to Ct = 100% over the entire image area. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.

Comparative Example 3 A color image was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the phase of the triangular wave to be compared with the image signal of the transparent toner was the same as the phase of the triangular wave of the colored toner.

Comparative Example 4 A color image was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the line screen was changed to a square dot screen. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the color images of the above Examples and Comparative Examples.

[0055]

[Table 1]

[0056]

According to the image forming method of the present invention, it is possible to reproduce a smooth, high-quality color image having a uniform gloss, good graininess, a high color tone, and a high degree of image irrespective of the image density in an electrophotographic system. Now you can. In addition, the image form of the present invention
Method does not waste transparent toner.
No.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of an image exposure device that can be used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing an example of a color image forming apparatus that can be used in the color image forming method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 scanner 2 image processing device 3 D / A converter 4 triangular wave generator 5 comparator 6 laser driver 7 laser light source 8 polygon mirror 9 lens system 10 mirror 11 ROS optical unit 12 photoconductor 13 scanning start signal detector 14 analog screen generator DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Illumination 27 Charger 29 Yellow developing device 30 Magenta developing device 31 Cyan developing device 32 Black developing device 33 Transfer drum 34 Transfer material 35 Transfer corotron 36 Transparent toner developing device 37 Hot roll fixing device

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-9-200551 (JP, A) JP-A-4-338984 (JP, A) JP-A-10-55085 (JP, A) JP-A-6-175461 (JP) JP-A-9-30039 (JP, A) JP-A-7-266614 (JP, A) JP-A-10-90955 (JP, A) JP-A-10-213942 (JP, A) 5-265287 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G03G 13/01 G03G 15/01-15/01 117

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] An electrostatic latent image according to claim 1 image bearing parallel line aligned in the same direction on the body structure is formed for each color, and the color developed with a plurality of color toners and transparent toner the electrostatic latent image, the developed developed image to an image forming method for forming an image transferred to the transfer member by generating an image signal of the transparent toner based on the maximum of the image signals of the color toner, the exposure laser beam oN /
An image forming method comprising controlling OFF and developing a transparent toner between lines of colored toner. Wherein when the maximum image signal of the color toner indicates the ON state of the exposing laser beam, the image signal of the transparent toner indicates the OFF state of the exposure laser beam, and the maximum of the color toner The image signal turns off the exposure laser light
When indicating the state, the image signal of the transparent toner is set so that the image signal of the transparent toner indicates the ON state of the exposure laser beam.
The image forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that to produce a. 3. The image forming method according to claim 1, wherein the image signal of the transparent toner is generated by an analog screen generator. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of color toners are cyan toner,
4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a magenta toner and a yellow toner are formed, and the lines of the electrostatic latent image having a line structure formed for the color toner are all in the same direction. Item. 5. The image forming method according to claim 1, wherein the laser beam diameter in the main scanning direction is 2 to 5 times the particle diameter of the color toner. 6. An image signal of the transparent toner is represented by Ct (%).
And Ct satisfies the following expression (1)
The image according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Forming method.Ct = 100−a × Max (Cc, Cm, Cy, Ck) Equation (1) here,Cc (%), Cm (%), Cy (%), Cbk
(%) Are cyan toner, magenta toner, and yellow toner, respectively.
Low toner and black tonerImage signal for developing
And the function Max isCc, Cm, Cy, and Ckof
Represents a function to find the maximum value, and a isThe following relationshipsSatisfied
And1.3>a> 0.7  When the calculated value Ct ≦ 0, Ct = 0. 7. The image forming method according to claim 1, wherein said transparent toner contains inorganic fine particles and / or resin fine particles. 8. A color toner and a transparent toner having a volume average particle diameter of 4 to 8 μm.
The image forming method according to any one of the above. 9.Wherein a satisfies the following relationship:
The image forming method according to claim 6, wherein 1.2>a> 0.8 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein a is set to 1.
Item 7. The image forming method according to Item 6.