JP3234469B2 - Turning work vehicle - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turning work vehicle such as a backhoe, and more particularly, to an arrangement layout of left and right crawler type traveling devices and a swivel provided on the traveling device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art On a left and right crawler-type traveling device, a swivel is arranged so as to be able to swivel around a vertical swivel axis, and an upper structure comprising a seat, an engine and the like is mounted on the swivel. A turning work vehicle equipped with a backhoe device on the front side of the turning table is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-125.
It is known in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 744.

[0003]

In this prior art, a turning diameter centered on a turning center of a rear portion of the upper structure is set within a range of a vehicle width regulated by the crawler type traveling device. The rear part of the body does not collide with an obstacle when turning, so that excavation work can be performed without worrying about the rear.

[0004] However, in this conventional technique, the pivot axis coincides with the center of the crawler-type traveling device in the longitudinal direction of the crawler, and the ground contact length before and after the crawler from the axis is set to be equal. Therefore, during excavation work by the backhoe device (working machine) mounted on the front of the swivel table, the ground contact length utilizing the weight of the machine body is not sufficient, and the machine body floats or slides due to the excavation reaction force. As a result, there is a difficulty in securing a large excavating power.

In order to solve this problem, if the crawler-type traveling device is increased in size to secure an increase in the ground contact length, the turn performance in a narrow work area is deteriorated, and it is difficult to perform trenching work in an alley or the like. Was. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to secure a large excavating force by devising the layout of the traveling device and the swivel table without increasing the size of the traveling device.

[0006]

According to the present invention, a swivel base 3 is arranged on left and right crawler type traveling devices 2R and 2L so as to be swivelable about a vertical swivel axis Q. Turning vehicle equipped with an upper structure 5 composed of a seat 4, an engine E, etc., and a dozer device 10 between the left and right crawler type traveling devices 2R and 2L and on the front side in the traveling direction. In order to achieve the above object, the following technical measures are taken.

That is, according to the present invention, the turning axis Q is
Positioned between the left and right crawler type traveling devices 2R and 2L and shifted from the center of the crawler longitudinal direction toward the dozer device 10, the crawler contact length L1 in the first half of the turning axis Q
And the crawler contact length L2 of the second half is increased, and according to this,
When the excavating operation is performed by the backhoe device 11 provided on the front side of the crawler-type traveling device 2R, the crawler-type traveling device 2R,
The ground contact with 2L is sufficiently ensured, and the crawler length does not need to be substantially increased, so that the turn performance is not impaired (claim 1).

Further, in the present invention, the traveling motors 9R, 9L of the left and right crawler traveling devices 2R, 2L are arranged on the winding portion on the side where the crawler contact length L2 is long. According to this, the traveling motor 9
The forward driving force by the R and 9L is exerted by the tensile action on the ground contact side of the crawler belt 8, and the running performance can be improved without slipping.

Further, according to the present invention, since the left and right crawler type traveling devices 2R and 2L can be expanded and contracted,
The left and right widths according to the excavation work can be freely selected (claim 3).

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the entire side surface of a turning work vehicle 1 exemplified by a backhoe, and FIG. In FIG. 2, a swivel 3 is disposed on the left and right crawler-type traveling devices 2R and 2L so as to be swivelable about a vertical swivel center Q.
An upper structure 5 including a seat 4 and an engine E is mounted on the upper side, and a dozer device 10 is mounted on the front side in the traveling direction.

The crawler-type traveling device is an elastic crawler in which a drive wheel (sprocket wheel) 6 and a driven wheel 7 are arranged in front and behind, and an elastic crawler belt 8 is wound around the both winding portions in an endless manner. The driving wheels 6 can be driven forward and reverse by the traveling motors 9R and 9L. The relationship between the upper structure 5 and the left and right crawler-type traveling devices 2R and 2L is based on the pivot axis Q
The right and left crawler type traveling devices 2R, 2R, as shown in FIG.
During 2L, in the embodiment, it is located at the center on the left and right, and is shifted to the front of the crawler longitudinal direction center P, that is, toward the dozer device 10, so that the first half crawler contact length L1 is shortened, And the traveling motors 9R and 9L are disposed on the winding portion on the crawler contact length L2 side.

A dozer device 10 is provided between the left and right crawler type traveling devices 2R and 2L. The dozer device 10 is mounted on the short side of the crawler contact length L1 and is the same as the dozer device 10. A backhoe device 11 is provided on the turntable 3 on the side. As shown in FIG. 3, the backhoe device 11 is provided with a turning bracket 11A protruding toward the front side of the turntable 3 through the turning axis Q and closer to the front than the center in the left and right direction. 13 is pivotally mounted, a base of a boom 14 is pivotally mounted on the boom bracket 13 via a horizontal shaft 15 so as to be vertically movable, and a bucket 17 is attached to a tip of the boom 14 via an arm 16. In addition, the backhoe device 11 includes a swing operation by a swing cylinder 18, a vertical movement by a boom cylinder 19, and an arm cylinder 20.
The excavation work is enabled by the bending operation by the buckling operation and the undulating operation by the bucket cylinder 21.

On the left side of the backhoe device 11, the control device 22 includes an operation lever 22a and an operation pedal 22b, and a stepping portion 3A on the upper surface of the swivel base 3 is located on a horizontal line to form a flat stepping portion 23. ing. As shown in FIG. 1, the shape of the upper structure 5 in plan view is such that the rear surface 5A is a circular shape centered on the turning center Q when the swivel 3 turns, and is a crawler that can be expanded and contracted in the left-right direction. It is formed in an upright shape having an arc curve having a radius equal to or less than の of the full width when the shape traveling devices 2R and 2L have the maximum width. Therefore, even when the swivel 3 turns, the rear surface 5A of the upper structure 5 does not protrude outward in the width direction from the crawler type traveling devices 2R and 2L. That is, the turning vehicle 1 is configured as a so-called small rear turning type, and the driver does not need to use a nerve behind the seat 4 even when performing a task involving turning, and can concentrate on the task. It is.

Further, the left side face 5B and the right side face 5C of the upper structure 5 are formed in straight upright shapes parallel to each other. These elevation shapes are formed by cutting a part of a circle centered on the turning center Q. Therefore, when the backhoe device 11 is directed in the traveling direction of the crawler type traveling devices 2R and 2L, Left side 5B and right side 5C
The upper spaces of the crawler type traveling devices 2R and 2L are opened at both side portions of.

The crawler type traveling devices 2R and 2L are
The width of the left and right sides can be changed, but when the width is the narrowest, the width is approximately the same as the body width. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the height dimension S from the getting on / off section 23 to the step portion 3A on the upper surface of the crawler type traveling apparatus and the vertical dimension H of the crawler type traveling apparatuses 2R and 2L are the same or the same. It is formed so as to have similar dimensions. Therefore,
Step part 3A on the upper surface of crawler type traveling device 2R, 2L
When going up and down through the crawler-type traveling device, the step size (foot raising / lowering width) is substantially the same between above and below the upper surface of the crawler type traveling device, so that it is possible to easily go up and down
The control device 22 is provided with a handrail 22B that can be used when getting on and off.

On the other hand, near the front surface 5D of the upper structure 5 (see FIG. 3), the backhoe device 11 and the steering device 22 are arranged in the width direction so as to be separated from each other.
D is formed in an upright shape having an arc curve similar to that of the rear surface 5A. The swing shaft 12 of the backhoe device 11 is positioned in the vicinity of the arc curve, and a swing cylinder 18 is provided at a lower portion of the getting on / off portion 23 (inside the swivel base 3) as shown in FIGS. Is provided.

For this reason, the getting on and off portion 23 can be formed on the swivel 3 in such a manner as to pass substantially straight in the width direction thereof, and the swivel 3 can be got on and off from either the left or right. I have. The seat 4 is mounted on a hood 24 that covers the engine E and the engine auxiliary device 25. As described above, the backhoe device 11 and the steering device 22 are arranged in the width direction so that the seat 4 is arranged on the left side of the hood 24 so as to correspond to the steering device 22.

Under such circumstances, inside the hood 24, the radiator 25, which is bulky as a height dimension and has a large limit in securing a ventilation opening, is provided at a portion corresponding to the right side of the seat 4. They are arranged. Also, in relation to the arrangement of the radiator 25, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the left side of the upper structure 5 (the lower left side of the seat 4).
Muffler 26, hydraulic pump 27, fuel tank 2
8 are arranged in an overlapping manner in the vertical direction, and an engine E is arranged between the arrangement portion and the radiator 25 so that the whole is arranged side by side in one row.

These facts, as described above, turn table 3
It plays an important role in making the passage through the boarding section 23 straight, and furthermore, the boarding section 23
It is also useful for securing sufficient walking space. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 25A denotes a blow-out type fan attached to the radiator 25, and 29 denotes an air cleaner.

The swivel 3 has a drive shaft 30 as shown in FIG.
With the turning motor 30 having A in a downward state,
It is possible to make a full turn around the turning center Q, and the turning center Q at this time is, as shown in FIG.
The backhoe device 1 is set so as to be deviated from the center position P in the longitudinal direction (traveling direction) of R and 2L toward the side where the driven wheel 7 and the dozer device 10 are arranged.
When the work 1 is directed toward the dozer device 10 side, the ground contact length of the crawler type traveling device projecting backward (rightward in FIG. 1) behind the turning center Q is longer. As a result, the effective contact area required for excavation work or the like can be increased, and the load balance can be maintained by the dozer device 10, so that the contact force increases and the workability increases.

That is, in the initial stage of excavation by the backhoe apparatus 11, the excavation is performed after the bucket 17 is located farther from the body and touches the ground. , 2L, the ground contact length on the rear side is lengthened to shift the center of gravity of the machine backward, thereby preventing the floating. On the other hand, when the excavation progresses and the bucket 17 goes deep and excavates, The aircraft is dragged by force.
It is prevented by grounding.

At the beginning of excavation when the backhoe device 11 is turned in the opposite direction to the dozer device 10, the dozer device 10 is used as an outrigger to shift the center of gravity of the machine body forward and raise the body. Prevent,
Dragging of the fuselage during excavation is prevented by increasing the contact length behind the crawler, and there is no concern about the contact force here. Therefore, also in this case, there is no problem in workability.

In general, it is sufficient to increase the overall length of the crawler-type traveling device in order to increase the ground contact force. However, the increase in the length of the crawler-type traveling device increases the small turning radius at the time of a traveling turn, and also increases the work efficiency. This leads to an increase in the size and weight of the vehicle 1 as a whole. Therefore, it can be said that the eccentricity of the turning center Q as described above is a suitable measure.

A counter weight 31 is provided on the rear side of the swivel 3. This counterweight 31
Has a height that rises further from the lower surface level of the swivel base 3 beyond the upper surface line of the getting on / off portion 23, and a connection portion between the swivel base 3 and the hood 24 is formed by a smooth curve. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the upper surface of the swivel base 3 is formed on a flat stepping portion 3A located on a horizontal line, and the upper edge of the counterweight 31 is one step higher and parallel to the step portion 3A. The lower edge of the closed bonnet 24 is formed in a curved receiving portion 31A, the front edge of the counterweight 31 extending from the receiving portion 31A is formed in a curved stepped portion 31B vertically intersecting the step portion 3A. 24A to the step 3
A, the receiving part 31A and the curved step part 31B can be placed in a shape suitable for the curved part 31B.

The bonnet 24 is made of a sheet metal press or resin, and is mounted on a counterweight 31 whose rear side is made of a casting through hinge means 32 having an opening / closing fulcrum 32A so as to be freely opened and closed. When it is closed, the engine E and the engine auxiliary device (for example, the radiator 25) are entirely covered, and when opened, the engine E and the engine auxiliary device 25 are covered.
It is formed to have a size that allows the entire area to be opened, so that inspection and repair work is easy and maintenance is good.

Since the opening / closing fulcrum 32A of the hinge means 32 is positioned above the line of the step portion 3A and is provided (hidden) inside the counterweight 31, the bonnet for the swivel 3 is provided. When the lock 24 is closed, the gap between the swivel 3, the counterweight 31, and the hood 24 can be made as small as possible.
In addition, a chamfer (tapered portion 31C) is formed on the upper edge of the rear end of the counterweight 31 to escape interference with the hood 24 that opens and closes. 24). Therefore, the bonnet 24 is suitable for improving the waterproof and dustproof performance of the engine part without causing a sense of incongruity in appearance.
By mounting an elastic sealing material 24B on the lower edge 24A of the bonnet 2, it is possible to reliably prevent engine noise from leaking.
By supporting the 4 on the counterweight 31, it is easy to apply the entire coating of the bonnet 24, and there is an advantage that even if the bonnet 24 is repeatedly opened and closed, paint baldness and the like can be prevented.

The inside of the counterweight 31 is bored to form a hydraulic oil tank 33.
3, a reserve tank 34 is provided on the upper part as an upwardly projecting shape, and a battery 35 is provided side by side with the tank 34. With these arrangements, the engine section in the bonnet 24 is well fitted. In addition, since it leads to the compactness, it has a beneficial effect on securing the shape and space of the above-mentioned getting on and off portion 23.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 36 denotes a bonnet 2
Reference numeral 4 denotes a stopper, 37 indicates a canopy,
Since the bonnet 24 is fully open, the counterweight 31 is erected from both outer surfaces.

[0029]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, excavation workability can be greatly improved while the traveling turn can be made small without increasing the size of the crawler type traveling device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a backhoe showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a backhoe.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an upper structure.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the upper structure.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an arrangement of an engine and engine accessories.

FIG. 6 is a view on arrow AA of FIG. 3;

[Explanation of symbols]

 2R, 2L Traveling device 3 Turntable 4 Seat 5 Upper structure E Engine Q Turning center L1, L2 Contact length

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP 4-4-944 (JP, U) JP 4 37654 (JP, U) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02F 9/08 E02F 9/00 E02F 9/02

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] The right and left crawler type traveling devices (2R) (2R)
L), a swivel (3) is arranged so as to be swivelable about a vertical swivel axis (Q), and the swivel (3) is composed of a seat (4), an engine (E) and the like. A turning work vehicle equipped with an upper structure (5) to be mounted and mounting a dozer device (10) between the left and right crawler type traveling devices (2R) and (2L) and on the front side in the traveling direction. The turning axis (Q) is connected to the left and right crawler-type traveling devices (2
R) and (2L) and shifted from the center in the longitudinal direction of the crawler toward the dozer device (10), the crawler contact length (L1) in the first half of the pivot axis (Q) is short, and A turning work vehicle characterized by having a long crawler contact length (L2). 2. The left and right crawler type traveling devices (2R) (2R).
The turning work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the traveling motor (9R) (9L) of (L) is disposed on the winding portion on the side where the crawler contact length (L2) is longer. 3. A left and right crawler type traveling device (2R) (2R).
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein L) is scalable.
Or the turning work vehicle according to 2.