JP3227695B2 - Waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to garbage, sludge,
About treatment <br/> management system of waste treatment sewage contained in the waste such as manure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When treating waste such as garbage, there is known a method of treating the garbage by fermentation or by utilizing microorganisms.
In JP-A-57-123883, a screw conveyor is provided in a fermenter, and waste is stirred and fermented by the screw conveyor. A method of fermenting organic waste by supplying air and supplying oxygen has been proposed, and various methods of treating waste with aerobic microorganisms are known.

By the way, garbage discharged from kitchens and the like contains a large amount of water such as washing water and water used for cooking, and this water is rich sewage containing nutrients.
If this eutrophic sewage is discharged as it is, it will have an adverse effect on the natural environment such as rivers and lakes, and must be treated.

In order to treat the sewage, a heat treatment method for separating water in the sewage using a drying oven, a treatment method using microorganisms, and the like are used. In each of these methods, an apparatus is used. There is a disadvantage in that the size becomes large, the processing takes time, and the efficiency is low.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a processing <br/> equipment of waste can be efficiently separating water from sewage contained in the waste.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems] processing apparatus according to claim 1,
Treatment of waste and a processing tank for biochemical treatment, waste with a fouling and water treatment device that processes the wastewater contained in waste
In the apparatus , the sewage treatment apparatus is connected to the treatment tank.
And a filter for separating wastewater contained in the waste
Filter means, and the filter means
An input pipe for sending waste from which water has been separated to the treatment tank,
A vacuum chamber into which the sewage that has passed through the filter means is fed;
Means, pressure reducing means for reducing the pressure in the vacuum chamber, heating means for heating the vacuum chamber, and liquefaction means for feeding the steam generated by heating the sewage under reduced pressure in the vacuum chamber and liquefying the steam. And after the generation of the steam
Concentrated sewage returned to the treatment tank
A steam is generated from the sewage in a state where the boiling point is lowered by the reduced pressure, water is separated, and the separated water is liquefied by the liquefaction means. Also,
Before entering the treatment tank by filtration,
Water can be separated and the water content of the waste in the treatment tank can be adjusted to a state suitable for microorganisms, and the concentrated sludge from which the water has been separated by the sewage treatment apparatus is biochemically treated by the treatment tank. .

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIGS. 1 to 20 show an embodiment of the present invention. The processing apparatus of the present invention is an annihilation type processing apparatus capable of substantially eliminating wastes. A reduced portion 3 that reduces downward is provided at a lower portion, a small-diameter cylindrical portion 4 is provided below the reduced portion 3, and a lower portion of the small-diameter cylindrical portion 4 is closed by a bottom plate portion 5. Further, a flange 2A is provided around the upper edge of the cylindrical portion 2,
A cover 6 is provided on the flange 2A, and the cover 6 is fixed to the upper opening of the fermenter 1 by a fastener 7 such as a bolt and a nut. A seal packing 8 is provided between them to seal the inside of the fermenter 1.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a support cylinder 11 is fixedly inserted into the center of the lid 6 so as to be inserted therethrough.
A blade rotating cylinder 12 serving as a rotary driving body is provided inside the bearing 13.
The blade rotating cylinder
Inside 12, a central rotary cylinder 14 made of a pipe is rotatably provided by a bearing 15. An upper fixed cylinder 16 communicating with the central rotary cylinder 14 is provided at an upper portion of the support cylindrical body 11, and a screw conveyor 17 is disposed in the upper fixed cylinder 16 and the central rotary cylinder 14. Conveyor 17
The upper end of the screw conveyor 17 is rotatably provided by a bearing member 18, and the screw conveyor 17 is rotationally driven by a hydraulic motor 19 and a gear group 20 provided in the upper fixed cylinder 16.

A spiral wing 21 is provided on the outer surface of the central rotary cylinder 14, and a driven gear 22 is provided above the central rotary cylinder 14, and a hydraulic motor is mounted on the driven gear 22 via a reduction gear group 23. The rotation of 24 is transmitted, and the center rotating cylinder 14 and the spiral blade
21 constitutes the ascending transfer means 25 for sending the waste H upward.

A flange-shaped fixing bracket 31 is fixed to a lower portion of the blade rotating cylinder 12, and the fixed bracket 31 is
As shown in FIG. 7, arm members 32 having a substantially triangular planar shape are provided at regular intervals. In this example, three arm members 32, 32, and 32 are provided at 120 degree intervals, and the arm members 32 are arranged at 60 degrees with respect to the center of rotation. At the lower part of the arm body 32, a blade body 34 is attached by a bolt 33.
Is inserted into the hole 33A of the blade body 34. 5 to 7
As shown in the figure, the blade body 34 is provided with a plurality of outer frame blades 35 along the inner surface of the fermenter 1, and in this example, three outer frame blades 35, 35, 35 are provided in the rotation direction, and the outer frame blades are provided. An outer rotating cylinder 37 having substantially the same shape as the small-diameter cylindrical portion 4 is disposed outside the spiral wing 21. The outer rotating cylinder 37 and the outer frame blade 35 are each
First, second, third, and fourth horizontal blades 38, 38A, 38B, 38C radially provided in correspondence with 5, 35, 35 are connected, and the horizontal blades 38, 38A, 38B, 38C are two vertical blades.
An oblique blade 40 is provided on the first horizontal blade 38. When the wastes H are put into the fermenter 1 containing the bacterial bed K, the combined height of the wastes K may be almost equal to that between the first and second blades 38 and 38A. it can. The vertical blades 39, 39 are connected by arc-shaped frame plates 41, 42, respectively. The blade body 34 is formed by welding flat plate-shaped blades 38, 38A, 38B, 38C, 39, and 40 into a frame shape having a plurality of openings 43 by welding. , 42 are welded, and the oblique blade 40 is welded.
Is welded to a position deviated from other cross welds 44. The frame plates 36, 41 and 42 are connected to the blade rotating cylinder 12
Are formed in an arc shape centered at. Each of the blades 38, 38A, 38B, 38C, 39, 40 has a thickness edge directed in the rotation direction, and is provided orthogonal to the rotation direction.
It has a relatively thin plate shape.

A vertical cavity 45 is formed in the outer rotary cylinder 37. The hollow 45 has upper and lower openings 45A and 45A.
B, and the ascending transfer means 25 is disposed in the hollow portion 45 thereof. The outer rotating cylinder 37 includes the blade body 33,
33, a plurality of holes 46 are formed, and the lower end of the outer rotary cylinder 37 is provided with a gap from the reduced portion 3. 47 are provided.

The blade body 34 has a plurality of first to fourth air supply pipes 51, 51A, 51B, 51 formed in a ring shape.
C are provided integrally, and the first to fourth air supply pipes 51, 51A, 51B, 51C are provided below the first horizontal blade 38 and above the second horizontal blade 38A, respectively. The second air supply pipe 51A is provided along the vertical blade 39 between the second and third horizontal blades 38A and 38B, and the fourth air supply pipe 51A is provided on the third horizontal blade 38B. Tube 51
C is provided on the fourth blade 38C.
Air supply pipe 51C is provided. The air supply pipes 51, 51A, 51B, 51C are connected at one place by vertical connecting vertical pipes 52, 52A, 52B, 52C, and these connecting vertical pipes 52, 52A, 52B, 52C are flat pipes. The connecting vertical pipes 52, 52A, 52B, 52C are flexible pipes 53.
Is connected to a connecting pipe 54 provided in the lid 6.
Further, the first to fourth air supply pipes 51, 51A, 51B,
A plurality of outlets 56 are provided at the lower part of 51C at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The blade body 34 is driven to rotate reciprocally within a range of approximately 60 degrees by a telescopic drive unit 61 such as a hydraulic cylinder. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, the distal end side of the main body 61 </ b> A of the telescopic drive unit 61 is attached to the mounting frame 62 of the lid 6.
Are rotatably connected to each other by a rotation shaft 63,
The distal end of the telescopic tube 61B is connected to the connecting portion of the blade rotating cylinder 12.
64 is rotatably connected to a rotation shaft 65. Therefore, when the expansion / contraction drive means 61 expands / contracts, the main body 61A swings, and the blade rotating cylinder 12 is driven to reciprocate.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, reference numeral 71 denotes a hopper having an opening / closing lid 72 at an input port.
A crusher 73 is provided at the lower part of the crusher. This crusher 73
Is provided with a pair of rotary drive shafts 74, 74A, a plurality of crushing blades 75, 75A are provided on the rotary drive shafts 74, 74A at intervals in the axial direction, and the crushing blades 75, 75A overlap each other. And the pair of rotary drive shafts 74, 74A are
The rotary drive means is driven to rotate in the opposite directions as indicated by arrows, and the crushed waste H falls between the two rotary drive shafts 74 and 74A to drop below. The crushing blades 75 and 75A have a thickness of about 50 mm.

At the lower part of the crusher 73, an oblique cylinder is provided.
A screw conveyor 77 for feeding waste H upward is provided in the cylindrical body 76, and the screw conveyor 77 is driven to rotate by a hydraulic motor 78 on the upper side. A branch pipe 79 is provided at the upper part of the cylindrical body 76, the branch pipe 79 is connected to the upper part of the closed tank 80, and the lower part of the closed tank 80 and the lower part of the fermenter 1 are connected by the input conduit 81, The input conduit 81 is inclined so as to be slightly lower toward the fermenter 1 side. In this input line 81, waste H
Conveyor 82 that feeds the fermenter 1 into the fermenter 1 is provided.
The screw conveyor 82 is driven by a hydraulic motor 83, also in the closing pipe 81 located on the carry-out side of the screw conveyor 82 on-off valve 85 is al provided.

As shown in FIG. 10, an exhaust pipe 91 is connected to the lid 6 at a plurality of points. As shown in FIG. 11, the exhaust pipe 91 is connected to a closed tank 93 of a moisture removing device 92.
An air supply blower 94 for supplying outside air is diagonally branched and connected in the middle of the exhaust pipe 91. The water removal device 92
Is provided with a heat exchanger 95 for cooling the air discharged from the fermenter 1 in the closed tank 93 and liquefying the water contained as steam in the air, and the liquefied water is Collect at the bottom. Further, in the closed tank 93, an exhaust pipe 97 is provided branching via an on-off valve 96,
At the tip of the exhaust pipe 97, a combustion processing device 98 is provided. The combustion processing device 98 performs combustion processing by mixing a combustion gas such as propane gas and air containing odor from the closed tank 93.

The closed tank 93 and the air supply pipes 51, 51
A, 51B, and 51C are connected by a return pipe 99. In the return pipe 99, a heating means 100 such as an electric heater for heating air passing through the return pipe 99 is provided. Downstream, a blower 101 for feeding air into the fermenter 1 is provided. The fermenter 1, the exhaust pipe 91, the closed tank 93, and the return pipe 99 constitute a closed path 102 which is closed from the outside.

As shown in FIG. 9, the rotary drive shaft 74 of the crusher 73 is provided with a torque limiter 121 as foreign matter detecting means. The tip of a comb-shaped scraper 122 is inserted and arranged between the plurality of crushing blades 75 and 75A, and the scraper 122 is inclined. Also, a take-out opening is provided on the side of the hopper 71 corresponding to the scraper 122.
123 is provided, and a cover plate 124 is provided at the outlet 123 so as to be openable and closable. An engaging portion 125 is provided on the other end of the crushing blades 75 and 75A in the rotational direction.
When a metal foreign object such as a spoon or a fork is caught between the crushing blades 75 and 75A, the torque of the rotating shafts 74 and 74A changes. The torque limiter 121 detects this torque, and a control device (not shown). The rotation shafts 74, 74A
Rotates in the reverse direction, and foreign matter is scraped by the
It is sent to the side 122, falls outside along the scraper 122, and the collected foreign matter is taken out from the outlet 123.

The upper fixed cylinder 16 is provided with a branch pipe 141, and a separating means 142 is provided at the tip of the branch pipe 141. The separating means 142 includes a case 143 having one side communicating with the branch pipe 141. The case 143 is fixed to the lid 6, and the cylindrical body 144 is attached to the other side surface 143A of the case 143.
Is fixed, and the bearing member
6 is provided rotatably, and a rotating shaft 147 is
Are provided so as to be able to rotate and reciprocate in the length direction. A transmission groove 146A is formed in the inner surface of the bearing member 146 in the longitudinal direction, and a longitudinal transmission groove 147A is formed in the outer surface of the rotating shaft 147.
A, and as shown in FIG. 12, the transmission grooves 146 A,
A plurality of small balls 148 are arranged between 147A. The rotary shaft
A mounting plate 149 is provided at the tip of 147, and a cylindrical filter 150 made of stainless steel or the like is detachably provided on the mounting plate 149. The cylindrical filter 150 has a plurality of holes 150A formed in the periphery thereof, and an opening 151 is formed on the branch pipe 141 side. Further, the cylindrical filter
On the other side of 150, a cover plate 152 is integrally provided.
52 is detachably fitted to the mounting plate 149, and the cover plate 152
The fixing member 155 is inserted into the locking hole 154 formed in the ring
Engage. As shown in FIG. 14, the fixing member 155 has a slide hole 156 formed in the mounting plate 148, a slide rod 157 inserted into the slide hole 156, and an elastic member such as a coil spring inserted into the slide hole 156. The slide rod 157 is urged outward by a machine 158. Further, an L-shaped hole 159 communicating with the slide hole 156 is formed in the mounting plate 148, and a long hole 159A of the L-shaped hole 159 is aligned with the slide hole 156. A lever 160 inserted through 159 is fixed to the slide rod 157.
Note that a plurality of the locking holes 154 and the fixing members 155 are provided. As shown in FIG. 16, a double-opening opening / closing lid 161 is provided on the upper portion of the case 143. When the opening / closing lid 161 is opened, the cylindrical filter 150 can be taken in and out. Then, the lever 160 is operated to move the slide rod 157 against the urging of the ammunition 158, and the lever 160 is locked in the short hole 159B of the L-shaped groove 159. The tip of the slide rod 157 comes off from the hole 154.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 17, the base end of the bearing member 146 is housed in a transmission case 162, and a driven gear 163 is provided on the bearing member 146.
A drive gear 164 is provided on the motor shaft 165, and the motor shaft 165 is rotated by a hydraulic motor 166 serving as a rotation driving means. A cam groove 167 having the same width in the longitudinal direction is provided at the base end of the bearing member 146, and a corrugated cam groove 168 is provided on the motor shaft 165 corresponding to the cam groove 167.
A shaft 169 orthogonal to these is provided between the motor shaft 165 and the motor shaft 165, the shaft 169 is rotatably provided on the transmission case 162, and the transmission piece 170 is rotatably provided on the shaft 169. 170, the cam groove 167 and the corrugated cam groove 168
The transmission rollers 167A and 168A which are engaged with are provided rotatably. The cam groove 167, the wave cam groove
A cam mechanism 171 for converting rotation into a linear reciprocating motion is constituted by the 168 and the transmission piece 170, and the cam mechanism 171 and the hydraulic motor 166 constitute a swing drive means 172.

An opening 143 is formed at the lower part of the case 143.
B is provided, and a dropping path 173 as return means is formed between the opening 143B and the lid 6.

Next, the operation of the fermentation treatment apparatus will be described. In this fermentation treatment apparatus, about 1000 to 1500 kg of the bacterial bed K is put into the fermenter 1, and about 500 kg at a time. The fermentation process is performed by inputting waste H. The bacterial bed K is a carrier for microorganisms, and uses sawdust and the like. First, the opening / closing lid 72 of the hopper 71 is opened and the waste H is introduced into the inside, and the waste H is pulverized by the pulverizer 73. In the pulverizer 73, metal foreign matters and the like are separated by the detection of the torque limiter 121. The waste H crushed by the crusher 73 is transferred to the closed tank 80 by the screw conveyor 77, and the waste H collected in the closed tank 80 is carried into the fermenter 1 by the screw conveyor 82, and a predetermined amount of waste When H is carried into the fermenter 1, the on-off valve 85 is closed. Next, when the ascending transfer means 25 is driven,
The waste H rises up the cavity 45 in the outer rotary cylinder 37, and the cavity H
45 is sent out from the upper opening 45A, and the cavity
The waste H is sucked into the cavity 45 from the lower opening 45B of the cavity 45, and the waste H and the bacterial bed K move from above to below outside the cavity 45. In this case, the waste H outside the cavity 45
The bacterial bed K moves downward along the reducing portion 3 and tends to solidify under the blade body 34 due to a load received from above. However, when the expansion / contraction driving means 61 is driven, the outer rotary cylinder 37 reciprocates, A tooth portion 47 is provided at the lower end of the outer rotary cylinder 37, and the rotating tooth portion 47 cuts the lump, so that the lower waste H and the bacterial bed K are smoothly sucked into the hollow portion 45.
Also, when the telescopic drive means 61 is driven and the telescopic rod 61B expands and contracts, the blade body 34 rotates approximately 30 degrees clockwise and 30 degrees counterclockwise from the position before rotation,
The blade body 34 is driven to reciprocate in a range of approximately 60 degrees, which is a predetermined angle, and one blade body 34 stirs the waste H and the bacterial bed K in a range of approximately 120 degrees (θ).
In this case, the fermenter 1 has a blade rotating cylinder 12 as a center,
Since the blade body 34 having the angle θ of 60 degrees is provided,
By rotating by 30 degrees in the forward and reverse directions from the position before the rotation, the waste H and the bacterial bed K of the entire fermenter 1 are stirred,
By driving the ascending transfer means 25 and the blade body 34, the input waste H and the bacterial bed K are uniformly mixed. At the same time as the blade body 34 is stirred, the air supply pipes 51, 51A, 51B, 51
Air is blown out from the outlet 56 of C, and oxygen is supplied into the waste H and the bacterial bed K. In this case, a plurality of blades 38, 38
Since A, 38B, and 38C move so as to cut through the bacterial bed K containing the waste H, the bacterial bed K containing the waste H is not compacted, and the waste material is compared with the conventional stirring. The bacterial bed K containing H is hard to solidify, and the torque required for the reciprocating rotation drive of the blade body 34 can be reduced. In addition, since the plurality of air supply pipes 51, 51A, 51B, and 51C are reciprocated and driven to blow air into the bacterial bed K containing the waste H together with the blade body 34, the waste H is contained. Oxygen is supplied to the entire bacterial bed K. Further, air is supplied to the bacteria bed K containing the waste H in the outer rotary cylinder 37 through the hole 46. Then, when the waste H starts to be decomposed, the temperature of the bacterial bed K rises due to the fermentation heat, for example, the temperature rises to about 60 to 70 ° C.,
Although the viscosity of the microbial bed K increases, the thin plate-shaped blade body 34 having a plurality of openings 43 is reciprocally driven to rotate, so that the reaction force associated with the rotation can be reduced, and the waste H
Can be agitated so as to cause convective transport to the bacterial bed K containing. The blade rotating cylinder 12 is reciprocatingly driven at a low speed, and reciprocates in a range of 120 degrees per minute, for example.

Further, the waste H such as garbage has a high water content, generates heat as the fermentation progresses, and increases the moisture in the waste H. The water content of garbage is the sum of the moisture contained in the solid content and the moisture content of the solid content, which is different from the water content of the soup or juice, washing water or cooking water. Such as water used for During the fermentation of the waste H, the air passing through the return pipe 99 is:
Preheated to about 30 to 60 degrees by heating means 100,
The heated air is blown out from the outlet 56 by the drive of the blower 101, and thereby the bacterial bed K containing waste H is discharged.
Is heated. Due to the heat applied by the heating means 100 and the fermentation heat of the waste H, the air in the upper part of the fermenter 1 contains steam. When the blower 101 is driven, a negative pressure is generated on the exhaust pipe 91 side, and the air in the fermenter 1 is sucked into the closed tank 80 side. A blower 94 for supplying outside air is provided in the middle of an exhaust pipe 91 connecting the fermenter 1 and the closed tank 93. The blower 94 sends outside air toward the closed tank 93, and
In 80, the air is cooled by the heat exchanger 95, and the moisture of the steam is separated as water. Outside air is supplied to the closed passage 102 by the blower 94, and the supplied air is burned in the combustion processing device 98. In this way, the outside air is fed into the fermenter 1 by the blower 94 to supply oxygen necessary for fermentation, while the air containing the odor from the fermenter 1 is burned to be deodorized. Then, in the fermenter 1, when the waste H is fermented and decomposed by the activity of the aerobic microorganisms, water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and the like are generated, and the odor due to these is eliminated by the combustion treatment.

Further, weight measuring means provided on the support leg 131
At 132, the weight of the fermenter 1 is measured and observed. First,
After the waste is put, the weight of the fermenter 1 is measured, and the above-described stirring and air supply are performed.
Is measured, and the fermentation state is confirmed based on the weight. That is, the input waste such as garbage is, for example, 8
If the water content is 5% or more, the amount of water in the fermenter 1 becomes excessive, the activity of the aerobic microorganisms is stopped, and the progress of the fermentation is hindered. The weight of the fermenter 1 does not decrease as compared with the case where it is performed. Further, even when a large amount of foreign matter is mixed in the waste, the foreign matter does not ferment. Therefore, after the fermentable waste is fermented, the weight of the fermenter 1 does not decrease. Therefore, by monitoring the weight of the fermenter 1, the fermentation state can be confirmed.

After the waste H is fermented as described above, if the residual waste accumulates in the bacterial bed K, before the next waste H is charged, the bacterial bed K in the fermenter 1 is separated by the separating means 142.
From the waste. For example, the residual waste includes ash after waste fermentation, lignin that is not decomposed, cellulose, vinyl, and the like. First, the screw conveyor 17 is driven to transfer the bacterial bed K upward, and then into the cylindrical filter 150 from the branch pipe 141. At this time, the hydraulic motor
The rotation of the bearing member 146 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 147 by a plurality of small balls 148, and the cylindrical filter 150 rotates. In addition, the transmission piece 170 swings about the shaft 169 by the engagement between the corrugated cam groove 168 and the transmission roller 168A, and the rotation shaft 147 moves in the longitudinal direction by the engagement between the transmission roller 167A and the cam groove 169. Rocks. In this way, the cylindrical filter 150
Simultaneously rotate and oscillate in the length direction.
A, falls from the fallway 173 into the fermenter 1,
Residual waste larger than the hole 150 A
Is captured by In this case, due to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the cylindrical filter 150, the bacterial bed K becomes
Large amount of the bacterial bed K can be treated efficiently, and the cylindrical filter 150 swings in the axial direction, so that it can be treated efficiently without clogging. it can. Further, even if the bacterial bed K is fed into the cylindrical filter 150 in a state where the sawdust and the like are solidified, the bacterial bed K falls into the fermenter 1 after being finely sieved by rotation and rocking. Return to a state suitable for biochemical treatment. When the separation operation is completed, the opening / closing lid 161 is opened, the cylindrical filter 150 is removed, and the residual waste accumulated inside is discarded.

[0025] processor of waste having such a treatment tank 1, in the present invention, there is provided a sewage treatment apparatus 18.

Here, FIG. 18 will be described. FIG.
Is a graph in which the vertical axis represents the percentage of moisture weight and the horizontal axis represents the number of days.
The initial water content of the bacterial bed was 35%. Further, 500 kg of garbage is put into the fermenter 1 once a day. The symbol x indicates a water content of 80%, the symbol * indicates a water content of 70%, and the symbol △ indicates garbage with a water content of 60%.
When garbage with a high water content is introduced, the fermentation heat that evaporates the water does not occur, so that the moisture content of the bacteria bed and the garbage exceeds 65% in about 4 days and becomes anaerobic. This indicates that bacteria such as aerobic microorganisms dormant. Incidentally, the fermentation heat is heat generated during fermentation. Also, here, the moisture content of the bacterial bed and the garbage is the ratio of the weight of water to the total weight, and in this example, the weight of the water contained in the sawdust before drying, and the weight of the garbage before drying. The sum of the weight of water contained in the solid content and the weight of other water in the garbage is included in the total weight of the bacteria bed and garbage, that is, the dry weight of the sawdust and the sawdust before drying. It is a percentage obtained by dividing the weight of the water, the dry weight of the garbage, the weight of the water contained in the solid content of the garbage before drying, and the weight of the other water in the garbage. The other water is water of soup or juice, washing water, or water used for cooking as described above. In the description of the present embodiment, the water content of the garbage and the water content of the waste H indicate the ratio of the weight of water to the total weight.

In FIG. 19, the vertical axis represents the heat energy (Kca).
l), the horizontal axis is a graph showing the water content of garbage, and the lower right graph is the vertical axis, the thermal energy of fermentation of 500 Kg of garbage (hereinafter referred to as combustion heat), and the horizontal axis is the garbage waste. The moisture content is taken, and the thermal efficiency μ of garbage is 100%, 50%,
40% are shown. Assuming that the heat of combustion of general garbage is about 4400 Kcal / Kg, this heat of combustion is obtained by fermenting solids in the garbage (the solids excluding the water contained therein). In the present invention, the heat contained in the solid waste of the garbage and the water separate from the solid are converted into steam in the fermenter 1 using the heat of combustion. I try to return to the water outside. And the water that liquefied this steam,
Wastewater can be used without any impurities. Further, referring to FIG. 19, the garbage 500 having a water content of 60%
In Kg, the solids content is 40% and the solids content is 200%.
It becomes Kg, and 200Kg is multiplied by 4400Kcal / Kg to have a heat of combustion of 8.8 × 10 5 Kcal. When the water content of garbage is 100%, the solid part is 0% because the solid part is 0%, and the heat of combustion is 0Kcal. . Also, in consideration of the loss of heat or the like escaping from the fermenter 1 to the outside, the graphs show the cases where the thermal efficiency of the combustion heat available for evaporating the water in the fermenter 1 is 50% and 40%, respectively.

On the other hand, in FIG. 19, the graph shown by the bold line ascending to the right shows the evaporation heat required for water evaporation of 500 Kg of garbage on the vertical axis, and the water content of the garbage on the horizontal axis. %, The water is 300 Kg and the heat of evaporation of water is 574.9 Kcal / Kg at 40 ° C. Therefore, to evaporate 300 Kg of water, about 1.724 × 1
A heat of evaporation of 0.5 Kcal is required. The graph of the thin line falling to the right shows the bacterial bed 15 having a specific heat of 0.3 Kcal / Kg.
The heat required to increase the temperature of 00 Kg from 0 ° C. to 40 ° C. is added to the thick line graph. Therefore, when the thermal efficiency is about 50% as shown in FIG.
In order to evaporate water only by the heat of combustion of garbage, the moisture content must be 7
Only 6-78% or less garbage can be processed.
However, garbage discharged from kitchens contains a large amount of water, such as washing water and water used for cooking.
In some cases, garbage with a moisture content of 99% must be treated. Also, when the water content of the garbage increases, the bacterial bed in the fermenter 1 becomes anaerobic and the activity of microorganisms decreases.
It was adjusted to 0%.

Therefore, in order to treat sewage contained in garbage, the present invention includes the following sewage treatment apparatus 181. FIG. 20 shows a sewage treatment apparatus 181.
1 is provided with a sewage tank 182 for storing sewage, which is connected to the charging line 81 by a first line 183, and the first line 183 has a first on-off valve 184. Is provided. The first pipe 183 is connected to a lower part of the input pipe 81, and a filter means for separating sewage contained in the waste H is provided in the input pipe 81.
81A is provided, the filter means 81 A is made of such a wire mesh, sewage filter means 81A contained in waste H
And the solids in the waste H are sent to the fermenter 1 by the screw conveyor 82. Further, the sewage tank 182 is provided with a second pipeline.
A second on-off valve is connected to the vacuum chamber 186 from the sewage tank 182 side by a second conduit 185.
187, a branch pipe 189 provided with an on-off valve 188, and a pressure pump 190 serving as a pressure means are provided. The vacuum chamber 186 is a vacuum tank, and a heating means 192 for heating the chamber 186 is provided. A condenser 194 as liquefaction means is connected to the vacuum chamber 186 by a third conduit 193, and the third conduit 193 has an on-off valve 19.
5 and a third on-off valve 197 are provided . Before Kifuku condenser 194, which has or place a stainless steel plate (not shown) inside the cooling passage 194 A, or the stainless steel plate is cooled by the cooling pipes, drainage tank for this condenser 194 The drainage tank 198 is connected to a drainage pipe 199 for discharging the internal water, and the drainage pipe 199 is provided with an on-off valve 200 for drainage. The condenser 194 is connected to an exhaust pipe 201 for discharging the internal air.
An exhaust opening / closing valve 202 and a vacuum pump 203 as a pressure reducing means are provided. Further, a return line 204 is provided between the lower part of the vacuum chamber 186 and the upper part of the fermenter 1,
The return line 204 is provided with an opening / closing valve 205 and a return pump 206 as a pressure feeding means. An exhaust on-off valve 195 and a pump 195 are provided. Then, the first and second pipes 183 and 185 and the pressure pump 190 are used to feed the wastewater feeding means
07, and the return line 204 and the return pipe 2
06 constitutes the concentrated sewage return means 208.

When the water content of the waste H in the closed tank 80 is high, the on-off valves 184, 187, 197, 201 are opened and the pump 190 is driven to drive the waste water into the vacuum chamber 186.
In this case, the sewage contained in the waste H passes through the filter means 81A and flows into the first pipe 183, and at the same time, the vacuum pump 203 is driven and the vacuum chamber 186 is driven.
And the heating means 192 is driven. In this case, the inside of the vacuum chamber 186 has a degree of vacuum of about 60 mmHg, preferably not more than 60 mmHg.
Hg range, thereby lowering the boiling point. For example, at a vacuum degree of 60 mmHg, the water content of the sewage vaporizes at 60 ° C,
This steam is liquefied by the condenser 194 and accumulates in the drain tank 198, and the air liquefied and removed is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 201 to the outside. Furthermore, the heating means performs heating at about 70 ° C. slightly higher than the dropped boiling point. On the other hand, concentrated sewage concentrated by evaporation is accumulated in the vacuum chamber 186, the on-off valve 205 is opened, and the return pump 206 is driven to return the wastewater into the fermenter 1.
The sewage treatment device 181 may be driven after the sewage is stored in the sewage tank 182 in advance. Branch pipes 189, 19
6 is used for cleaning the pipeline. The vacuum chamber 18
According to the performance of 6, the degree of vacuum can be in the range of 50 to 150 mmHg.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, a fermenter, which is a treatment tank for performing biochemical treatment of waste H, according to the first aspect.
1, stain that processes the wastewater contained in waste H water treatment apparatus
181 , the wastewater treatment equipment
The storage 181 is connected to the fermenter 1 and is included in the waste H.
Filter means 81A for separating wastewater
Waste from which sewage is separated by this filter means 81A
A feed line 81 for feeding H to the fermenter 1 and a filter means 81A
A vacuum chamber 186 which is fed into the sewage that has passed through the, this
Sewage feeding means 207 for sending sewage to the vacuum chamber 186, and a vacuum pump 203 as a pressure reducing means for reducing the pressure in the vacuum chamber 186.
And heating means 192 for heating the vacuum chamber 186, and steam generated by heating the sewage under reduced pressure in the vacuum chamber 186, and a condenser 194 for liquefying the steam.
And the concentrated sewage obtained after the generation of steam is returned to the fermenter 1
With concentrated sewage return means 208, which generates steam from sewage in a state where the boiling point is lowered by reduced pressure,
Since the water is separated and the separated water is liquefied by the condenser 194, the water in the sewage can be efficiently separated and treated. Fermentation by filter means 81A
Before being put into the tank 1, waste water is separated from the waste H, the water content of the waste H in the fermenter 1 can be adjusted to a state suitable for microorganisms, and water is separated by the waste water treatment device 181. The concentrated sludge can be biochemically treated in the fermenter 1.

Also, as an effect of the embodiment, since the vacuum chamber 186 is used at a degree of vacuum of 60 mmHg or less, the devices such as the vacuum chamber 186, the decompression means and the heating means 192 are relatively simple and small in size. Thus, vaporization and separation of water can be performed efficiently. In addition, since the crusher 73 is provided with the torque limiter 121 as foreign matter detecting means, metal foreign matter or the like that stops rotating between the crushing blades 75 and 75A is not fed into the fermenter 1 and the sewage separation device 181. . Further, since the waste is transferred upward by the ascending transfer means 25, the waste can be introduced from the lower side of the fermenter 1, and the garbage discharged from the kitchen or the like can be introduced without lifting. it can. Also,
Since the weight measuring means 132 for measuring the weight of the fermenter 1 is provided, the fermentation state of the waste H can be confirmed by its weight. If the weight does not decrease, the water content in the fermenter 1 is excessive. Then, the on-off valve 85 is opened, and the wastewater in the fermenter 1 can be treated by the wastewater treatment device 181.
Furthermore, since the fermenter 1 has a shape in which the lower part contracts,
The waste H does not stay around the bottom plate unlike the cylindrical shape.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, various decompression means can be used as long as the vacuum chamber can be made negative pressure. Further, various types of treatment tanks can be used as long as the wastes are treated biochemically. Furthermore, the present invention is applicable to the treatment of various wastes such as household waste and industrial waste, and in addition to the fermentation treatment shown in the examples, the waste is subjected to biochemical treatment by aerobic microorganisms. Anything that can be used can be used.

[0034]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the waste is biologicalized.
It is treated and the treatment tank for biological treatment, the sewage contained in waste
In the processing apparatus of the waste and a that fouling water treatment device,
The sewage treatment apparatus is connected to the treatment tank, and the
Has filter means to separate sewage contained in waste
And the wastewater was separated by this filter
An input pipe for sending waste to the treatment tank, and the filter
And a vacuum chamber in which sewage is fed which has passed through the means, this
A sewage feed means for sending the sewage to the vacuum chamber, a decompression means for depressurizing the vacuum chamber, a heating means for heating the vacuum chamber, and a method for heating the sewage in the vacuum chamber under reduced pressure to generate Liquefied means for liquefying the vapor, and the concentration obtained after the generation of the vapor
It is intended and a concentrated sewage returning means for returning the sewage in the treatment tank, it is possible to provide a processing device of the waste can be efficiently separating water from sewage contained in the waste.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a processing tank showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view of a blade body and an air supply pipe showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a processing tank showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a blade body showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of an arm body showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a blade body and an air supply pipe showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the expansion / contraction drive unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a partially cut-out hopper showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a crusher showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a processing apparatus showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a processing tank and a water removing device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a processing tank illustrating a separating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a separating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an engagement state between a bearing member and a support shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a front view of a fixing member showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a case of a separating means showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a cam mechanism showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a graph showing the relationship between the percentage of water weight and the lapse of days according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a graph showing the relationship between the heat energy and the water content of garbage showing one example of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory view of a sewage treatment apparatus showing one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Fermentation tank (treatment tank) 81 Input line 81A Filter means 181 Sewage treatment equipment 186 Vacuum chamber 192 Heating means 194 Condenser (liquefaction means) 203 Vacuum pump (decompression means) 207 Sewage feed means 208 Concentrated sewage return means

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C02F 1/04 B09B 3/00 B65F 5/00 C02F 11/10

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A treatment tank for biochemically treating waste,
And a fouling water treatment apparatus that processes the wastewater contained in waste
Waste water treatment device , wherein the sewage treatment device
Wastewater connected to the treatment tank and contained in the waste
A filter means for separating the filter;
The waste from which wastewater has been separated by means is sent to the treatment tank.
That a feeding pipe line, a vacuum chamber sewage is fed which has passed through the filter means, the stain in the vacuum chamber
Sewage feeding means for sending water, decompression means for decompressing the vacuum chamber, heating means for heating the vacuum chamber,
The vapor of the sewerage generated by heating under reduced pressure in a vacuum chamber is fed, and liquefying means for liquefying the steam, before
The concentrated wastewater obtained after the generation of the steam is returned to the treatment tank
Characterized by comprising concentrated sewage return means
Processing apparatus of thing.