JP3223508U - Sorting device - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a separation device that separates cans, bottles, and plastic bottles with a small device. A first transfer unit 12 into which an object is charged, a second transfer unit 21 that separates an iron can from a target with a magnet, a first recovery unit 25 that recovers an iron can, and a lower object A third transfer unit 31 that is aligned by being transferred by the transfer unit from above, and a fourth detector that detects the first detection unit 41 while moving the object and separates the container containing aluminum by the first removal unit 42 A transfer unit 44; a second recovery unit 46 for recovering a container containing aluminum; a fifth transfer unit 53 for separating the plastic bottle by the second removal unit 51 while moving the object; and a first unit for recovering the plastic bottle. 3 recovery unit 55 and a fourth recovery unit 64 for recovering the bins remaining on the second transfer unit 21. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a sorting device. In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus for separating cans, bottles, plastic bottles, and the like.

  Used cans, bottles, and plastic bottles are collected from vending machines and shops. These are separated and recycled. Conventionally, there has been an apparatus for separating these. A conventional sorting device (Patent Document 1) transports a large number of cans and bottles by a belt conveyor and sorts them. Many cans and bottles are placed on a belt conveyor and transported, while iron cans are separated by magnetism, aluminum cans are separated by a metal sensor, and finally the bins are collected.

JP-A-11-171303

  However, the conventional sorting apparatus is a large facility. Furthermore, the plastic bottle could not be separated. This invention makes it a subject to provide the sorting apparatus which sorts a can, a bottle, and a plastic bottle with a small apparatus.

  In order to solve the above problem, a first transfer unit into which an object is charged, a second transfer unit that separates an iron can from the object with a magnet, a first recovery unit that recovers the iron can, and the object A third transfer unit that aligns objects by transferring them from below to above with a transfer unit, and a first detection unit that detects an object while moving an object, and a first removal unit 42 separates a container containing aluminum. 4 transfer part, the 2nd recovery part which collects the container containing the above-mentioned aluminum, the 5th transfer part which separates a PET bottle in the 2nd removal part, moving a subject, and the 3rd which collects the above-mentioned PET bottle A separation device having a recovery part and a fourth recovery part for recovering the bin remaining on the second transfer part is used.

Moreover, the 1st transfer part into which an object is thrown in, the 2nd transfer part which isolate | separates an iron can with a magnet from the said object, the 1st collection | recovery part which collect | recovers the said iron can, The said object is planar. A third transfer unit that collects and aligns, a fourth transfer unit that detects the first detection unit 41 while moving the object and separates the container containing aluminum at the first removal unit, and collects the container containing aluminum. A second collection unit to perform,
A fifth transfer unit that separates the PET bottles by the second removal unit, a third recovery unit that recovers the PET bottles, and a bin that recovers the bins remaining on the second transfer unit while moving the object. A separation device having a collection unit.
In addition, as a unit attached to the transfer unit, a frame unit for aligning objects, a first detection unit for detecting aluminum, a first removal unit for removing a container containing aluminum, and a second removal for removing a plastic bottle A sorting device unit including

A first step of putting an object to be separated, a second step of separating and collecting the iron cans, a third step of aligning the objects, and a fourth step of separating and collecting the aluminum can or the paper pack having the aluminum foil. A separation method having a step, a fifth step of separating and recovering the PET bottle, and a sixth step of recovering the bottle is used.

  In the separation apparatus and method of the present invention, cans, bottles, and plastic bottles can be separated with a small apparatus. Furthermore, as an ability to separate cans, bottles, and plastic bottles, it can be sorted without over 90% error.

Flow chart of sorting according to the first embodiment Side view of sorting apparatus of embodiment 1 Side view of the second and third regions of the sorting apparatus according to the first embodiment. Plan view of second region of sorting apparatus of embodiment 1 (A)-(c) Sectional drawing of 3rd area | region of Embodiment 1, (d) Plan view of 3rd area | region of Embodiment 1. FIG. (A)-(d) Side view of 4th area | region of Embodiment 1. FIG. (A)-(c) Side view of 5th area | region of Embodiment 1. FIG. (A)-(b) Sectional drawing of 4th, 5th area | region of the sorting apparatus of Embodiment 1, (c) Plan view of 4th, 5th area | region of the sorting apparatus of Embodiment 1. FIG. Plan view of sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 2 (A) Plan view of the sorting apparatus of Embodiment 3, (b) Surface temperature of the paper pack and aluminum can immediately after heating, (c) Surface temperature of the paper pack and aluminum can at the sixth transfer section, (A)-(b) Top view of the sorting apparatus of Embodiment 4 Plan view of sorting apparatus of embodiment 5 The top view which shows the classification apparatus which attaches the classification apparatus unit of Embodiment 5.

(Embodiment 1)
(Whole process)
FIG. 1 is a flowchart, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.
First step: In the insertion step, first, the collected objects to be sorted (iron cans, aluminum cans, bottles, PET bottles, etc.) are put into a sorting device. The first transfer unit 12 sends the object.
In the second step: separation of the iron can, the object is transferred by the second transfer unit 21, and the iron can is recovered by the magnetic unit 17. Deliver objects other than iron cans to the third step. Note that iron objects other than iron cans are also collected in this step.

Third step: In the alignment step, the objects are aligned. In the subsequent steps, the object advances in one row.
Fourth step: In aluminum can separation, aluminum is detected from the object by a sensor, and the aluminum can is taken out and collected. The remaining objects, such as bottles and plastic bottles, are passed to the fourth step. In addition, the object containing aluminum other than an aluminum can is also collect | recovered at this process. Note that objects such as resin containers other than plastic bottles and plastic containers are also collected in this step.

In the fifth step: PET bottle separation, the PET bottle is taken out and collected from a bottle, a PET bottle or the like. Separate the bottle and bottle with air pressure. The remaining bins and the like are passed to the fifth step.
Sixth step: In the bin collection, the remaining bins are collected.
In addition, although demonstrated with an aluminum can, the paper pack containing an aluminum foil may be included and the container containing aluminum may be shown. The same applies below.
(Overall structure)

(First region 11)
In the first region 11, there is a first transfer unit 12. For example, a belt conveyor. Objects such as iron cans, aluminum cans, bottles, and plastic bottles are placed and transported. The belt conveyor is arranged in the horizontal direction. Gradually put on the belt conveyor so that the objects are not sent together.

(Second region 12)
FIG. 3 is a side view of the second region 23 and the third region 32. FIG. 4 is a top view of the second region 23.
In the second area 23, there is a belt conveyor as the second transfer unit 21. The second transfer unit 21 is disposed to be inclined in the vertical direction. The belt 24 moves clockwise between the two rotating shafts. The belt 24 has a plurality of protrusions 26 at regular intervals.

  The protrusion 26 moves from below to above as the belt 24 moves. Some objects are lifted from below by the protrusions 26. Examples of the object include an iron can 4, an aluminum can 3, a bottle 1, and a plastic bottle 2. Since the object is fed by a certain amount by the protrusion 26, it is possible to avoid clogging in a later process.

There is a magnetic unit 27 on the rotating shaft above the second transfer unit 21. The magnetic part 27 has a magnet inside, and an object including iron such as an iron can is attracted to the magnetic part 27. As a result, the iron can and the like are dropped to the first recovery unit 25. The object that does not contain iron is supplied to the receiving portion 36 of the third region 32.
The first region 11 and the second region 23 are preferably separated separately. If it is not divided, the object may be hardened and may not proceed smoothly.

(Third region 13)
The 3rd area | region 32 (3rd transfer part 31) is demonstrated with reference to Fig.5 (a)-FIG.5 (d).
The third transfer unit 31 is fixed obliquely so as to stand against the fourth region 43 (fourth transfer unit 44). In the third transfer part 31, a plate-like moving part 33 and a plate-like non-moving part 34 constitute one set, and two sets constitute a groove-shaped receptacle that narrows downward in the hollow. In the groove, an iron can 4, an aluminum can 3, a plastic bottle 2, a bottle 1 and the like are received.

The surface of the moving unit 33 moves. For example, a belt conveyor. The surface does not slip. The surface is rubbery, and the objects to be separated do not slide. In particular, it is preferable that unevenness is provided on the surface without slipping further.
On the other hand, the surface of the non-moving part 34 does not move and is a surface with low frictional resistance. For example, the surface is polished with a metal plate. Sorted objects are easy to slide on.

  An iron can 4, an aluminum can 3, a plastic bottle 2, and a bottle 1 (hereinafter, an object) are placed below the third transfer unit 31. The surface of the moving part 33 moves upward. The object moves upward. At this time, the object existing on the surface of the non-moving part 34 slides to the moving part 33.

  As the third transfer unit 31 is moved upward, the number of objects existing on the surface of the non-moving unit 34 decreases. At the final upper end of the third transfer unit 31, the objects to be sorted are in one row. Sorted objects can be passed to the fourth region 43 in one row. Not all need to be in one row. Even if there are several cases of two rows, it can be narrowed down to one row by a metal plate such as a guide at the entrance of the fourth region 43 portion. The objects to be sorted are aligned in the longitudinal direction. However, even if they are not completely aligned, they can narrow their mouths and align their directions when passing to the next area.

  In FIG. 5A, the width d of the surface of the moving unit 32 that contacts the object to be sorted is smaller than one or more of the widths (diameters) of the objects to be sorted. This is because the objects to be sorted are arranged in a line. The width of the object to be sorted is preferably considered as an average width.

It is preferable to provide a gap 33 between two sets of the moving part 33 and the non-moving part 34. Dust and the like can be excluded from the gap 33. The gap 33 is smaller than the minimum width of the object to be sorted.
Where the third transfer unit 31 receives the object to be sorted, a receiving unit 36 is arranged. It is wider than the non-moving part 34 and can receive a large number of sorted objects. The receiving part 36 is plate-like like the non-moving part 34, and the non-moving part 34 may be extended.

(Fourth region 43)
The 4th field 43 is explained using Drawing 6 (a)-Drawing 6 (d). 6A to 6D are side views of the fourth region 43. FIG. In the fourth region 43, aluminum-related objects such as aluminum cans are separated and recovered from objects such as aluminum cans, plastic bottles, and bottles. Aluminum-related objects include those that use aluminum foil in paper packs.

  In FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, an object such as the aluminum can 3 is sent by the fourth transfer unit 44 in the fourth region 43. The first detector 41 detects that the aluminum can 3 is made of aluminum. Thereafter, when the first removal unit 42 is reached in FIG. 6C, the aluminum can 3 is removed from the fourth transfer unit 44 with the compressed air and collected (FIG. 6D).

You may exclude the aluminum can 3 from the 4th transfer part 44 with a pin, a rod, etc. instead of compressed air.
(Fifth region 15)
The fifth region 52 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7A to FIG. 7C are side views of the fifth region 52. A fifth removal unit 52 is provided in the fifth region 52. In the fifth region 52, the PET bottle 2 and the like are separated and collected from the PET bottle 2, the bottle 3, and the like.

  FIG. 7A shows a state in which the PET bottle 2 is sent to the fifth region 52 by the fifth transfer unit 53. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7B, the plastic bottle 2 is sent to the second removal unit 51. At this time, the plastic bottle 2 is dropped from the fifth transfer unit 53 by the air pressure from the second removal unit 51. Although the 2nd removal part 51 has always put out the compressed air, it may detect the plastic bottle 2 and the bottle 3, and may blow out compressed air each time.

Although the plastic bottle 2 is blown by the compressed air, the output of the second removal unit 51 needs to be set so that the bottle 1 is heavy and is not blown. Since the bottle 1 is heavy in terms of density and the plastic bottle 2 is light in terms of density, only the plastic bottle 2 can be set with compressed air.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 7C, the PET bottle 2 is excluded from the fifth transfer unit 53.

Here, it is preferable that the 5th transfer part 53 inclines. 8A and 8B are cross-sectional views. From the state of FIG. 8A, the second removing unit 51 removes the PET bottle 2 from the fifth transfer unit 53 by air pressure. As a result, FIG.
Further, since the fifth transfer portion 53 is inclined, the aluminum can 3, the bottle 1, and the plastic bottle 2 can move toward a certain side and are stabilized.

FIG. 8C shows a plan view of the fifth transfer unit 53. The conveyance plate 55 is connected. The lower surface of the conveyance board 55 is hold | maintained at a rail, and the conveyance board 55 moves because a rail moves. The transport plate 55 is a flat surface and moves with the object to be sorted placed on the upper surface. There is little change in the object to be sorted, and the fourth area 43 and the fifth area 52 are easily separated.
The fourth transfer unit 44 preferably has the same structure as the fifth transfer unit 53.

(Sixth region 16)
As can be seen in FIG. 2, the sixth region 61 collects the bin 1 and the like that have not been separated and collected in the previous region from the fifth transfer unit 53. It is only necessary to arrange the box of the fourth recovery unit 64 at the end of the fifth transfer unit 53. An elastic body such as a cushion may be provided in the collection box so that the bin 1 at the time of collection is not broken.

  The separation apparatus 100 according to the embodiment can cope with a case where the aluminum can 3, the bottle 1, or the like is deformed. The order of separation may be changed. However, the bin 1 is finally collected. Any of the iron can 4, the aluminum can 3, the bottle 1, and the PET bottle 2 may be omitted.

The iron can 4 is not only for beverages but may be a food can (fish, meat, etc.). The PET bottle 2 includes not only beverages but also PET bottles such as seasonings. The aluminum can 3 and the bottle 1 include those for various uses.
In this method and apparatus, when the above four types were classified, 95% or more could be definitely classified. In a generally used separation apparatus, it is about 50%.

(Embodiment 2) Vertical arrangement Embodiment 2 will be described with reference to FIG. Matters not described are the same as those in the first embodiment. FIG. 9 is a plan view of the sorting apparatus 200. Matters not described are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The difference from the first embodiment is that the first region 11 and the second region 23 are arranged perpendicular to the third region 32.

  From the second area 23 to the third area 32, the objects to be sorted are sent in a lump. In the third region 32, the objects to be sorted are arranged linearly one by one.

  At this time, it is preferable that the separation target is supplied in parallel with the linear direction in which the separation target is arranged in the third region 32. In the second region 23, a certain amount of the object to be sorted is conveyed by the protrusion 26 perpendicular to the traveling direction. At this time, the objects are arranged in parallel with the protrusions 26. It is preferable that the parallel direction is parallel to the linear direction in which the objects are aligned in the third region 32 without clogging.

As a result, the traveling direction of the second region 12 and the traveling direction of the third region 13 are perpendicular. Thereby, in the 3rd field 13, a subject is arranged in a straight line smoothly.
(Third Embodiment) Aluminum Pack FIG. 10A is a diagram showing a sorting apparatus 300 according to a third embodiment. FIG. 10A is a plan view of the sorting device 300.
Explain the difference. Matters not described are the same as in the first and second embodiments.
In the third embodiment, not only the aluminum can 3 but also the aluminum can 3 and a paper pack using aluminum foil are separated. Currently, in order to improve the preservability of paper packs, a paper pack in which an aluminum foil is inserted is sold. For example, it is a paper pack of seasonings such as a paper pack of liquor and a cooking millin. It is also being used in beverage paper packs.

  The paper pack using the aluminum foil is excluded from the fourth transfer unit 44 by the first removal unit 41 as in the case of the aluminum can 3.

In order to separate the aluminum can 3 and the paper pack using the aluminum foil, first, a heating unit 73 is provided at the beginning of the fourth region 43. An object moving from above is heated.
FIG. 10B is a front view showing surface temperatures of the paper pack (left side) and the aluminum can 3 (right side) using the aluminum foil immediately after being heated by the heating unit 73. The left is a paper pack and the right is an aluminum can.
The object is heated by the heating unit 73. Thereafter, when the detection unit 41 determines that the object contains aluminum, the first removal unit 42 removes the object, and the object is sent to the sixth transfer unit 70.

The second detector 72 detects that the object has come, and the detector 73 measures the temperature of the object (thermosensor) (FIG. 3C). The detection unit 73 may be eliminated and temperature measurement may be performed constantly. What has a temperature higher than a certain threshold is a paper pack using aluminum foil. Those below a certain threshold are aluminum cans. This is because aluminum cans are easy to cool and the temperature is low, whereas paper packs using aluminum foil are hard to cool because aluminum is inside.
FIG. 10C is a front view illustrating the surface temperatures of the paper pack using the aluminum foil and the aluminum can 3 in the sixth transfer unit 70. The left is a paper pack and the right is an aluminum can. It can be seen that the temperature of the aluminum can is considerably lower than that of the paper pack. Can be identified by temperature.
On the basis of the above, any one is removed by the third removal unit 73 to the fifth collection unit 75. The remaining object is collected from the sixth transfer unit 70 to the sixth collection unit 71.
The second detector 72 is not essential because the first detector 41 can be substituted.

Note that the heating unit 73 also heats the object other than the aluminum 3.
The heating unit 73 is preferably a far infrared heater. Warm from above the object.
Near-infrared heaters heat up rapidly, causing problems such as liquid scattering. With ceramic heaters, the temperature difference was difficult. After heating, it could be selected in about 1-2 seconds.
In addition, although the 6th transfer part 70 was provided separately from the 4th transfer part 44, you may provide in the 4th transfer part 44. FIG.
In this case, it is necessary to provide two removal units.
It should be noted that the third embodiment can be realized by a retrofit unit in the first and second embodiments.
The heating unit 73 and the third removal unit 73 are attached as a unit. It is preferable that the fifth recovery unit 75, the sixth recovery unit 71, the second detection unit 72, and the sixth transfer unit 70 are provided. Not required.

(Embodiment 4) Multi FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B are plan views of sorting apparatuses 300 and 400 according to Embodiment 4, respectively.
Differences from the first embodiment will be described. Matters not described are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In FIG. 11A, the second region 12 and subsequent ones are divided into two for one of the first regions 11.
In FIG. 11 (b), the second region 12 is divided into two for one of the first regions 11, and each of the second regions 12 is further divided into two. Each of the third and subsequent areas 13 is one line.

In the sorting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, when sorting the target object, the speed of each transfer unit may be increased. However, each balance problem causes clogging of objects and misclassification.
For this reason, in this example, a plurality of lines in which the second region 12 or the third region 13 and thereafter are separated are constructed. Each recovery unit is set to one between two lines so that it can be easily recovered.

(Fifth Embodiment) Attaching to Conventional Device FIG. 12 is a plan view of a sorting device 500 according to a fifth embodiment.
Differences from the first embodiment will be described. Matters not described are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The first region 11 is the same as that in the first embodiment.
Unlike the first embodiment, the second region 23 has a roll-shaped magnetic unit 27 at the top, and rotates to pull up the iron can 4 and collect it in the first recovery unit 25.
In the third region 32, the frame portion 80 is narrowed to collect objects in a plane and aligned in a line.
Narrow the passage in the transport direction to collect and align the objects.
The fourth region 43 and the subsequent steps are the same as those in the first embodiment.
Further, there may be one transfer unit in common with each region, or there may be a transfer unit for each region.

FIG. 13 shows an example of a conventional sorting apparatus 600. In this apparatus, there is only a transfer apparatus, and it is a conventional apparatus that separates by hand 81. The mechanism may be set on the transfer device.
That is, the sorting device 600 includes the first collection unit 25, the magnetic unit 27, the frame unit 80, the first detection unit 41, the first removal unit 42, the second removal unit 51, the second collection unit 46, and the third collection unit 55. The fourth recovery unit 64 is incorporated as a unit.
However, since there is a conventional apparatus in which the first recovery unit 25 and the magnetic unit 27 are already provided, it is possible to attach other units as a unit.
Further, the second collection unit 46, the third collection unit 55, and the fourth collection unit 64 are not essential.
(Note)
The above embodiments can be combined. For example, the fifth embodiment and the second embodiment may be combined.
Although explained with an iron can, an aluminum can, a bottle, and a PET bottle, at least one of them can be operated (operated) by a separation device.

  As a sorting device, it can be used to sort objects to be sorted in a wide variety of fields.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bottle 2 Plastic bottle 3 Aluminum can 4 Iron can 9 Collection | recovery part 11 1st area | region 12 1st transfer part 21 2nd transfer part 23 2nd area | region 24 Belt 25 1st collection | recovery part 26 Protrusion 27 Magnetic part 31 3rd transfer part 32 Third area 33 Moving part 34 Non-moving part 36 Receiving part 41 First detection part 42 First removal part 43 Fourth area 44 Fourth transfer part 46 Second recovery part 51 Second removal part 52 Fifth area 53 Fifth transfer Unit 55 third recovery unit 61 sixth region 62 non-moving unit 64 fourth recovery unit 70 sixth transfer unit 71 sixth recovery unit 72 second detection unit 73 third removal unit 74 third detection unit 75 fifth recovery unit 80 Frame part 81 Person 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 Sorting device

Claims (9)

A first transfer unit into which an object is placed;
A second transfer unit for separating the iron can with a magnet from the object;
A first recovery unit for recovering the iron can;
A third transfer unit that aligns the objects by transferring them from below to above using a transfer unit;
A fourth transfer unit that detects the first detection unit while moving the object and separates the container containing aluminum at the first removal unit;
A second recovery part for recovering the container containing aluminum;
A fifth transfer unit for separating the plastic bottle at the second removal unit while moving the object;
A third collection unit for collecting the plastic bottle;
And a fourth collection unit for collecting the bins remaining on the fifth transfer unit. A first transfer unit into which an object is placed;
A second transfer unit for separating the iron can with a magnet from the object;
A first recovery unit for recovering the iron can;
A third transfer unit for collecting and aligning the objects in a plane;
A fourth transfer unit that detects the first detection unit while moving the object and separates the container containing aluminum at the first removal unit;
A second recovery part for recovering the container containing aluminum;
A fifth transfer unit for separating the plastic bottle at the second removal unit while moving the object;
A third collection unit for collecting the plastic bottle;
And a fourth collection unit for collecting the bins remaining on the fifth transfer unit. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first transfer unit, the second transfer unit, the third transfer unit, the fourth transfer unit, and the fifth transfer unit are arranged in this order. The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the second transfer unit is arranged such that a belt conveyor is inclined in a vertical direction. The sorting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the second transfer unit has a protrusion for placing the object on the surface of the belt conveyor. The first transfer unit and the second transfer unit are arranged in a straight line,
The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the third transfer unit is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the straight line. The sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a sixth transfer unit is further connected to the fourth transfer unit to separate an aluminum can and a paper pack having an aluminum foil. 8. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one of the first transfer units is connected to two or more of the second transfer units. 9. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one of the second transfer units is connected to two or more of the third transfer units.