JP3216971B2 - Transplant machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transplanter for planting vegetable seedlings in ridges or the like in a field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional transplanting machine includes a planting cylinder having an openable / closable opener at a lower portion and holding an inoculated seedling loaded from the upper portion with the opener. There is one in which a planting hole is formed by piercing and an opener is opened to plant a soild seedling.

When soil of a seedling adheres to the inside of a planting cylinder, the soil adheres to the soil, and the soiled seedling inserted from the upper part of the planting tube falls down inside the cylinder. May be clogged, for that, an opening is provided on the side of the opener, from this opening, for example, a spatula or a chisel is inserted into the inside of the opener to scrape the inner surface to drop the soil,
We try to prevent seedling collapse and soil clogging.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned conventional transplanter, since the opener pierces a ridge or the like to form a planting hole, its shape is tapered downward, and the opening provided on the side of the opener is formed. The lower edge of the portion is located on the inner side (inner side) of the opener than the upper edge. For this reason, during the process of loading the seedlings from the upper part of the planting tube and dropping the seedlings into the lower opener, the seedlings may be caught on the lower edge of the opening of the opener. There is a possibility that the soil of the attached seedlings may collapse, the seedlings may fall down in the cylinder, or the seedlings may be planted in the fallen state, which may hinder the planting of the seedlings.

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention holds the seedlings upright without being caught by the opening formed in the opener. An object of the present invention is to provide a transplanter that can appropriately plant seedlings.

[0006]

The technical means taken by the present invention to achieve the above object is that an opener 50 that can be opened and closed is provided at the lower part, and the soild seedling 28 charged from the upper part is opened by the opener 50. An opening 55 is provided on the side surface of the opener 50 for scraping off the soil adhered to the inner surface of the opener 50.
The lower edge 55a is formed outside the opener 50 from the upper edge 55b.

The seedlings 28 are planted at the time of descending, and the seedlings 28 are planted when the seedlings 28 are planted.
It is characterized in that it has an inner scraper portion 63 that enters the inside and scrapes down the adhered soil on the inner surface of the opener 50 downward. The present invention also includes a planting tube 49 having an openable / closable opener 50 at a lower portion and holding the soild seedling 28 inserted from above at the opener 50, and a side surface of the opener 50 An opening 55 for scraping off the soil adhering to the inner surface of the plant 50 is provided, and a lid 84 that can be opened and closed is provided so that the opening 55 can be closed when the seedling 28 is inserted into the planting tube 49. When the opening 55 is closed, the lower end 84a of the lid 84 overlaps the lower edge 55a of the opening 55 inside the opener 50.

The lid 84 is characterized in that the upper end thereof is rotatably supported at its upper end and the opening 55 is closed by its own weight. Furthermore, the seedling 28 is planted at the time of descent by providing the planting tube 49 so as to be able to move up and down, and the planting tube 49 is raised after the seedling 28 is planted, so that the opener 50
It is characterized in that it has an inner scraper portion 63 that enters the inside and scrapes down the adhered soil on the inner surface of the opener 50 downward.

[0009]

Since the lower edge 55a of the opening 55 formed on the side surface of the opener 50 is formed on the outer side of the opener 50 than the upper edge 55b, the seedlings 28 inserted from the upper part of the planting tube 49 can be used. The seedling 28 hardly gets caught on the lower edge 55a of the opening 55 in the process of falling inside and being held by the opener 50, and the seedling 28 can be held in an upright posture. Therefore, the seedlings 28 can be planted in an upright posture even when planting, and proper planting can be performed.

When the seedlings 28 are loaded into the seedling tube 49, an openable / closable lid 84 is provided so that the opening 55 formed in the opener 50 can be closed. The lower end 84a of the lid 84 is
Of the seedling 28 inserted from the upper part of the planting tube 49, falls in the tube and is held by the opener 50. ,
The lid 84 is not caught by the lower edge 55a of the opening 55.
, And the seedling 28 can be held in an upright posture. Therefore, the seedlings 28 can be planted in an upright posture even when planting, and proper planting can be performed.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 9 show a first embodiment of the present invention,
The vegetable transplanter 11 shown in FIG. 7 is a walking type having a steering handle 13 at the rear of a traveling vehicle 12, and runs in the longitudinal direction across a ridge 14 while covering a seedling 28 with a multi-film M. The ridges 14 are planted at predetermined intervals.

The traveling vehicle 12 includes a main frame 15, a gantry 16 provided at a front end of the main frame 15, and the like. The main frame 15 is formed of a square pipe or the like, and has a front portion bent downward and fixed to a side portion of the gantry 16, and a rear portion bent upward to serve as an attachment portion of the steering handle 13. An engine 17 is mounted on the gantry 16, and the engine 17 is covered with a hood 18. A transmission case 19 is fixed to a rear portion of the gantry 16, and the power of the engine 17 is transmitted to the transmission case 19. .

Power from the inside of the transmission case 19 is supplied to a wheel transmission shaft 20 projecting to the left and right sides and to the wheel transmission shaft 2.
The first PT provided rearward from the left side and protruding left and right.
An O-shaft 21 and a second PTO shaft 22 projecting rearward and upward are taken out by three systems. The left and right ends of the wheel transmission shaft 20 support left and right drive wheels 24 (rear wheels) via a transmission case 23 that swings up and down around the axis.
The drive wheels 24 can be driven by the internal winding transmission 25. This drive wheel 24 rolls in the groove between the ridges 14. In addition, a pair of left and right front wheels 26 and a ridge height detection roller 27 are provided at a front portion of the traveling vehicle 12.

At the rear of the traveling vehicle 12, there is a transplant working part 29.
Is provided. The transplanting operation unit 29 includes a seedling supply device 30 and a planting device 48 for planting the soild seedlings 28 supplied from the seedling supply device 30 in the ridges 14 by the planting cylinder 49.
And a multi-film M in advance at a position where the seedlings 28 are to be planted.
A multi-film punching device 41 and the like for punching a transplantation hole are provided. The seedling supply device 30 is driven by the rotational power of the second PTO shaft 22, and the planting device 60 and the multi-perforation device 28
Are driven by the rotational power of the first PTO shaft 21.

The seedling supply device 30 is mounted on the main frame 15 and has a pot portion 39a where the soild seedling 28 is raised.
While transferring a large number of seedling trays 39 arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions, the planting device 48
At a predetermined seedling removal position, the seedlings 28 are taken out one by one by the seedling removal nails 31, and the soild seedlings 28 are transferred to the upper part of the planting device 48, and then dropped into the planting cylinder 49 for mounting. It is made to enter. The seedling tray 39 is made of resin, has flexibility, and has a large number of pot portions 39 arranged vertically and horizontally.
a is protruded from the rear surface, and each pot portion 39a
Seedlings 28 are raised.

A transmission shaft 33 connected to the second PTO shaft 22 is connected to a power receiving shaft 32 of the seedling supply device 30 via a universal joint, and the above operation is repeated by the power from the transmission shaft 33. It is. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the planting device 48 and the multi-film punching device 41 are provided with the first PT of the transmission case 19.
The device frame 34 supported on the O-shaft 21 to be able to swing up and down.
Provided above. The device frame 34 is mainly composed of left and right frames 34L, 34R having a square pipe shape, and a connecting frame 34A connecting the rear end portions of the left and right frames 34L, 34R. A bracket 36 is attached to the front end of the right frame 34R by a fixing tool such as a bolt 35.
The first PTO shaft 21 is inserted and supported by bearings 37 provided at the front end of the bracket 36 and the front end of the left frame 34L, and the bracket 36 is removed to travel through the apparatus frame 34. By removing it from the vehicle 12, the planting device 48 and the multi-perforation device 41 can be integrally removed from the traveling vehicle 12.

A drive shaft 75 is rotatably supported by left and right bearings 77 fixed to the apparatus frame 34. A sprocket 78 is provided at the left end of the drive shaft 75, and a transmission chain 80 is wound around the sprocket 78 and a sprocket 79 provided at the left end of the first PTO shaft 21, so that the rotational power of the engine 17 is supplied. The power is transmitted to the drive shaft 75, and the power from the drive shaft 75 is transmitted to the planting device 48 and the multi-perforation device 41. Therefore, the planting device 48 and the multi-perforation device 4
1 is driven by the same drive shaft 75, thereby simplifying the apparatus and reducing the cost. The sprocket 7
8, 79 and the transmission chain 80 are covered with a chain case 81, and the chain case 81 is provided with an adjusting roller 82 for adjusting the tension of the chain 80. A pressure-reducing / covering roller 38 is provided at the rear of the device frame 34, and the rear end of the device frame 34 is suspended by the main frame 15, and follows the height of the ridges 14 so as to follow the height of the ridge 14. Can be swung up and down.

The multi-film perforating apparatus 41 includes a gas burner type perforating means 42. The perforating means 42 is vertically movable via a parallel link 43 so as to be vertically movable.
It is connected to. The perforation means 42 is provided with a gas pipe connecting portion 47 for connecting a gas supply pipe so as to protrude forward. A cam roller 44 is pivotally attached to the upper link 43a of the parallel link 43. The cam roller 44 rolls on the outer periphery of a disk-shaped flat cam 45 provided on a drive shaft 75.
Alternatively, the cam roller 44 may be biased by a biasing means such as a tension spring.
Is pressed in a direction of pressing the outer periphery of the cam 45.

A concave portion is formed in a part of the cam 45 in the circumferential direction. When the cam roller 44 falls into the concave portion, the perforating means 42 moves down, and the heating means provided at the lower end of the perforating means 42 is provided. By pressing the body 46 against the multi-film M, a transplant hole is made in the multi-film M. Further, the cam 45 is formed so as to raise the perforating means 42 immediately after perforating the multi-film M, and the other parts except the recess hold the perforating means 42 at the standby position of the ascending limit. To this end, it is formed in an outer peripheral shape whose distance from the axis of the drive shaft 75 is substantially constant.

The planting device 48 comprises a planting tube 49 which pierces the ridge 14 in order to plant the seedlings 28 supplied from the seedling supply device 30 on the ridge 14 at predetermined intervals. A swing link mechanism 71 for vertically moving the cylinder 49 up and down and moving it back and forth is mainly constituted. Swing link mechanism 71
Has a first parallel link 72 whose upper end is pivotally supported by the device frame 34 so that the lower end can freely swing back and forth, and pivotally connects a swing plate 73 to the lower end of the first parallel link 72; The front end of the second parallel link 74 is pivotally connected to the swing plate 73, and the planting cylinder 49 is pivotally connected to the rear end of the second parallel link 74. The distal end of a crank arm 76 provided on a left-right drive shaft 75 provided on the device frame 34 is pivotally connected to the upper link 74a of the second parallel link 74.

Accordingly, the power from the first PTO shaft 21 rotates the crank arm 76 via the drive shaft 75, so that the first and second parallel links 72 and 74 cause the planting cylinder 49 to move up and down and back and forth. , So as to draw a substantially elliptical trajectory 70 so that the planting tube 61 does not move substantially forward with respect to the field when the planting tube 49 is pierced into the ridge 14 while traveling. Has become.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG.
The upper part is a cylindrical body having an opening having a rectangular shape in plan view, and the lower part is provided with a pair of front and rear openers 50 that can be opened and closed in the front and rear direction with the mounting pin 51a as a fulcrum. The opener 5
Numeral 0 indicates that the opening and closing of the link 51 is enabled by the operation of the opening and closing link 51. When the opener 50 enters the ridge 14 at the bottom dead center of the locus 70 of the planting tube 49, the opener 50 forms a planting hole in the ridge 14, and is interlocked to the opener 50 and the device frame 34. It is opened back and forth by the tool 69 so that the soil seedling 28 can be planted in the planting hole. In addition, the front and rear openers 50 are
Tension spring 5 so that it always closes when
6 is energized. Further, the opening / closing link 51 of the opener 50 is provided with a stopper bolt 54 for limiting the opening degree of the opener 50.

A scraper means 59 is provided on the rear side of the planting tube 49. When the planting tube 49 is inserted into the ridge 14 and the seedling 28 is planted, it is moved upward by the swinging link mechanism 71. The soil attached to the outer surface and the inner surface of the opener 50 is scraped off. The scraper means 59 includes an operating arm 62 pivotally supported by a support member 60 projecting upward at a rear portion of the apparatus frame 34 via a pin 61 so as to be able to swing back and forth, and an inner and outer scraper fixed to a lower end of the operating arm 62. Parts 63 and 64 and a roller-like guided part 6 provided at an intermediate part in the vertical direction of the operation arm 62.
5 and a guide part 68 fixed to the cylinder above the planting cylinder 49
And so on. The operating arm 62 is connected to the connecting frame 34A of the device frame 34 by a tension spring 66 and is urged rearward. Further, the mounting frame 34 has a stopper for regulating the urging position of the operating arm 62 rearward. 67 are provided.

The inner and outer scraper portions 63 and 64 project from the lower end of the operating arm 62 to the inside 2 in the left-right direction.
It is arranged behind the planting cylinder 49. The scraper portions 63 and 64 are made of an elastically deformable member such as rubber or resin, and are disposed so as to slightly overlap in the front-rear direction. The guide portion 68 is a plate member formed in a substantially rectangular shape in a side view, and when the planting cylinder 49 rises from the bottom dead center and moves backward,
Engaging with the guided portion 65 of the operating arm 62, the operating arm 62 is pulled forward against the tension spring 66, and thereafter the inner and outer scraper portions 6 are opposed to the rising of the planting tube 49.
3, 64 are formed to move downward.

A cutout opening 55 is formed in the upper portion on the rear side of the front and rear openers 50 so that the inner scraper 63 of the scraper means 59 can enter the inside of the opener 50 from outside. In the opening 55, the lower edge 55a is located behind the upper edge 55b, that is, outside the opener 50, and the lower edge 55a is formed so as to extend slightly rearward. A portion below the edge 55a is formed in a mountain-like shape toward the inside of the opener 50.

The operation of the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. The arrow A indicates the traveling direction (transplant direction) of the transplanter 11, and the left side of the drawing indicates the rear side of the transplanter 11. The soild seedling 28 taken out from the seedling tray 39 of the seedling supply device 30 by the seedling take-out claw 31 is dropped from above into the planting cylinder 49 moved near the top dead center by the swinging link mechanism 71 (see FIG. 1). ). At this time, seedling 2
8 is an opener 50 from the top to the bottom of the planting tube 49.
And is held by the opener 50,
Since the opening 55 provided in the opener 50 is formed so that the lower edge 55a is located outside (rearward) of the upper edge 55b, the seedling 28 that has dropped onto the lower edge 55a of the opening 55
Is hardly caught and falls down in the cylinder, and is held by the opener 50 in an upright posture. The opener 50 is provided with a lower edge 55 a of the opening 55.
Since the lower portion is curved toward the inside of the opener 50, even when the seedling 28 is inserted into the planting tube 49 in an inclined state, the falling seedling 28 is re-established to an upright posture without being damaged. It can be guided downward.

After the seedling tube 49 receives the seedling 28 near the top dead center, the seeding tube 49 is lowered by the swinging link mechanism 71 and pierces the ridge 14 at the bottom dead center to cut the planting hole. (See FIG. 2). Then, the opener 50 is opened by the action of the interlocking tool 69, and the seedling 28 is planted in the planting hole. At this time, since the seedling 28 held by the opener 50 maintains an upright posture, it can stand upright when planting and perform appropriate planting.

After the seedlings 28 have been planted, the planting tube 49 is slightly raised rearward by the swinging link mechanism 71, and the guide portion 68 of the scraper means 59 provided on the planting tube 49 is
It engages with a guided portion 65 provided on the operating arm 62 (FIG. 3).
reference). When the planting cylinder 49 further rises, the guided portion 65 rolls or slides on the guide portion 68, and the operating arm 62 swings forward against the tension spring 66 and is drawn. The inner scraper portion 63 is the opening 5 of the opener 50.
5, the inner scraper 63 and the outer scraper 64 sandwich the inner and outer surfaces of the opener 50 (see FIG. 4).

Then, the inner and outer scraper portions 63 and 64 move downward to scrape the soil adhering to the inner and outer surfaces of the opener 50 downward as the planting cylinder 49 rises from this state. Like that. Therefore, the seedling 28
Each time one is planted, the attached soil can be removed by the scraper means 59 so that the soild seedling 28 can always be held in the upright posture without falling in the planting tube 49. After the adhered soil is dropped, the inner scraper portion 63 is pulled out of the seeding tube 49 by raising the seeding tube 49, and the operating arm 62 is pulled back again by the tension spring 66 and received by the stopper 67. On the other hand, the planting cylinder 49 closes the opener 50 near the top dead center, the seedling 28 is again supplied from the seedling supply device 30, and the above operation is repeated.

FIGS. 10 to 12 show a second embodiment of the present invention, which is formed on the opener 50 of the planting tube 49 when the seedling 28 is loaded into the planting tube 49. Opening 5
5 is provided with a cover 84 that can be closed so as to be freely opened and closed. The lid 84 is formed of a rectangular plate, and covers the opening 55 from the inside of the opener 50.
The upper end of the opening 55 is pivotally supported by a pivot pin 85 provided on the opening / closing link.
The inside of the opening 55 is closed by its own weight.

By providing the lid 84, the seedlings 28 inserted from the upper part of the planting tube 49 can drop along the lid 84 without being caught by the opening 55 at the lower edge. Thus, the seedling 28 can be planted on the ridge in an upright state, as in the first embodiment.

After the seedlings 28 are planted, when the inner scraper portion 63 of the scraper means 59 enters the inside of the opener 50 through the opening portion 55, as shown in FIG. By pressing against the outer surface of the lid 84, the lid 84 opens to the inside of the opener 50, and the inner scraper portion 63 is opposed to the rise of the planting cylinder 49.
Is lowered, the lid 84 again closes the opening 55 by its own weight.

As described above, by providing the lid 84,
The seedlings 28 can be planted in an upright position,
The scraper section 59 of the scraper means 59 is prevented from entering the opener 50. The lid 84 in the second embodiment can be biased in the closing direction of the opening 55 by winding a helical spring around, for example, a pivot pin 85. In this case, the side end or lower end of the lid 84 is used. Pivotally with a pivot pin to be able to rotate left and right or up and down,
The opening 55 may be closed. Also,
The lid 84 may be mechanically opened and closed by a cam mechanism or the like as the planting cylinder 49 moves up and down. Further, the lid 84 can be opened and closed vertically along the inner surface of the opener 50. In this case, the lid 84 is opened and closed in conjunction with the vertical movement of the planting tube 49, for example. Can be.
However, by closing the lid 84 by its own weight by pivotally supporting the upper end as in the second embodiment, the opening 55 can be opened and closed without providing a special opening and closing mechanism. Cost can be reduced.

The cover 84 can be made of a material such as rubber or resin that can be elastically deformed. In this case, the cover 84 is fixed without pivotally supporting the inner scraper 63.
Is elastically deformed when pressed against the lid 84, and the opening 55
May be opened, and when the inner scraper 63 descends, the opening 55 may be closed by its elastic recovery.

The present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments. For example, the tension spring 66 of the scraper means 59 is a coil spring, but may be a coil spring provided around the pin 61. Alternatively, the stopper 67 may be provided with a bolt to be adjustable. Further, the transplanter according to the first, third and fourth aspects of the present invention may not be provided with the scraper means as shown in the first and second embodiments. In addition to the above, for example, a spatula or a chisel may be used to insert the inside of the opener 50 to scrape off the attached soil.

[0036]

According to the present invention, since the lower edge of the opening formed on the side surface of the opener is formed on the outer side of the opener than the upper edge, the seedlings inserted from the upper part of the planting tube can be removed. In the process of falling in the cylinder and being held by the opener, the seedling is hardly caught on the lower edge of the opening, and the seedling can be held in an upright posture. Therefore, when seedlings are planted, they can be planted in an upright posture, and appropriate planting can be performed.

Further, when the seedlings are loaded into the planting tube, an openable and closable lid is provided so that the opening formed in the opener can be closed, and the lower end of the lid is closed when the opening is closed. Since the seedlings inserted from the top of the planting tube fall through the tube and are held by the opener, Can fall along the lid without being caught on the lower edge of the opening, and can hold the seedling in an upright posture. Therefore, when seedlings are planted, they can be planted in an upright posture, and appropriate planting can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a planting tube and a scraper means in a first embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which soil seedlings are loaded into the planting tube.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the planting tube and the scraper means in the first embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state where the planting tube holds a soild seedling and pierces a ridge.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the transplanting cylinder and the scraper means according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which the transplanting cylinder is being lifted.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the planting cylinder and the scraper means in the first embodiment of the present invention, showing a state where the planting cylinder is raised and the scraper means operates.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing the planting cylinder and the scraper means according to the first embodiment of the present invention, showing a state where the planting cylinder is raised and the scraper means operates.

FIG. 6 is a rear view showing the planting cylinder according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an overall configuration diagram of the vegetable transplanter.

FIG. 8 is an overall schematic side view showing a seedling planting device and a multi-film punching device mounted on a device frame.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a seedling tube and scraper means according to a second embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which soil seedlings are loaded into the seeding tube.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a transplanting cylinder and scraper means according to a second embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the transplanting cylinder is raised and the scraper means operates.

FIG. 12 is a rear view showing a transplanting cylinder according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Transplanter 28 Soiled Seedling 49 Planting Cylinder 50 Opener 55 Opening 55a Lower Edge of Opening 55b Upper Edge of Opening 63 Inner Scraper 84 Cover 84a Lower End of Cover

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-115203 (JP, A) JP-A-5-276807 (JP, A) Fully open Showa 59-163317 (JP, U) Really open flat 3- 114910 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 54-108349 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01C 11/00-11/02 303

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] An opener (50) which can be opened and closed at a lower portion, and a soild seedling (28) charged from the upper portion is opened.
0), an opening (55) for scraping off soil adhered to the inner surface of the opener (50) is provided on a side surface of the opener (50); The lower edge (55a) of the opening (55) is connected to the upper edge (55).
b) An implanter characterized by being formed more outwardly of the opener (50). 2. A planting tube (49) is provided so as to be able to move up and down, and a seedling (28) is planted at the time of descending. After the planting (28) is planted, the planting tube (49) is raised to open the opening (55). ) Enters the inside of the opener (50) and opens the opener (5).
0) The transplanter according to claim 1, further comprising: an inner scraper section (63) for scraping down the adhered soil on the inner surface downward. 3. An opener (50) which can be opened and closed at a lower portion, and a soild seedling (28) inserted from the upper portion is opened.
0), an opening (55) for scraping off soil adhered to the inner surface of the opener (50) is provided on a side surface of the opener (50); Openable and closable lid (84) that allows opening (55) to be closed when loading seedling (28) into planting cylinder (49).
That the lower end (84a) of the lid (84) overlaps with the inside of the opener (50) of the lower edge (55a) of the opening (55) when the opening (55) is closed. Features transplanter. 4. The transplanter according to claim 3, wherein the lid (84) is rotatably supported at its upper end and closes the opening (55) by its own weight. 5. A planting tube (49) is provided so as to be able to move up and down, and a seedling (28) is planted at the time of descending, and after the planting (28) is planted, the planting tube (49) is raised to open the opening (55). ) Enters the inside of the opener (50) and opens the opener (5).
0) The transplanter according to claim 3, further comprising an inner scraper section (63) for scraping down the soil adhered to the inner surface downward.