JPH0360453B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a block seedling transplanter that automatically transplants block seedlings into ridges.

(Prior art) As a conventional transplantation machine of this type, there is a
There is one disclosed in Publication No. 190302. In this prior art, a swinging frame that moves up and down reciprocally by a crank rotation shaft and a swinging arm is provided with a seedling receiver that receives unit block ridges from a seedling supply device, and a seedling receiver is provided at the bottom of the seedling receiver. Between the opening/closing part and the crank rotating shaft, there is a spring mechanism that normally springs to open the implanted opening/closing part, and a predetermined spring mechanism that moves in conjunction with the crank rotating shaft to move the swinging frame from the upward stroke to the downward stroke. Within this range, a cam mechanism is provided to forcibly close the implanted opening/closing part against the above-mentioned elastic force.

The rotation direction of the crank rotation shaft is opposite to the rotation direction of the drive wheel of the transplanter, and the rotation locus of the planting opening/closing part at the bottom of the seedling receiver is approximately crescent-shaped, descending forward into the furrow. rush into.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the above-mentioned prior art, the lower part of the seedling receptor moves forward into the furrow in a nearly crescent-shaped trajectory, and the forward movement of the transplanter also joins the movement of the seedling receptor. The lower part has to move forward a long distance in relation to the ridge from the beginning to the end of the plunge, creating a hole several times larger than the block seedling to be transplanted, making it difficult for the plant to take root, and receiving a lot of resistance from the ridge soil, making it difficult to carry out the work. It was difficult to improve performance.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention solves the problems of the prior art by connecting the crank arm 46 that drives the seedling receiver 5 to the drive wheel 9.
By rotating the seedling receiving tube 5 in the same direction and moving the lower part of the seedling receiving tube 5 to draw a substantially elliptical trajectory B, and moving the seedling receiving tube 5 in the opposite direction to the forward direction of the moving body 10 in the ridge 4, the seedling receiving tube 5 is moved. All of these problems can be solved by configuring the ridges to move in and out approximately perpendicularly to the ridges 4.

That is, the specific configuration of the problem solving means in the present invention includes a feeding mechanism 3 for block seedlings 2; and a seedling receiver 5 having an opening/closing lid 7 at the bottom and receiving block seedlings 2 supplied from the feeding mechanism 3. A drive that has a support rod 48 that supports the seedling receiver 5, a crank arm 46 and a swing rod 47 connected to the support rod 48, and moves the lower part of the seedling receiver 5 up and down into the ridge 4. a mechanism 6; a lid opening/closing mechanism 8 that opens the opening/closing lid 7 when the lower part of the seedling receiver 5 enters the ridge 4; In a block seedling transplanter equipped with a mobile body 10 having a ring 9, the drive mechanism 6 rotates the lower part of the seedling receiver 5 in a substantially elliptical shape with respect to the mobile body 10, and the drive mechanism 6 rotates the lower part of the seedling receiver 5 in a substantially elliptical shape with respect to the mobile body 10, At the bottom of the ridge 4, a crank arm 46 is mounted to move the mobile body 10 in the direction opposite to the forward direction of the mobile body 10.
is characterized in that it is rotated in the same direction as the drive wheel 9.

(Function) A crank arm 46 and a swinging rod 47 are connected to the support rod 48 that supports the seedling receiver 5, and when the crank arm 46 rotates in the same direction as the drive wheel 9, the lower part of the seedling receiver 5 rotates vertically in a long substantially elliptical trajectory B, the lower part of the substantially elliptical trajectory B plunges into the ridge 4, and the seedling receiver 5 moves in the opposite direction to the forward direction with respect to the moving body 10. and mobile aircraft 1
Since 0 is moving forward, its movement speed and seedling receiver 5
If the moving speed of the lower part is equal, the seedling receiver 5 will move along the ridge 4.
The seedling receiver 5 does not move forward or backward, but only moves up and down, and even if there is a slight speed difference, the seedling receiver 5 enters and leaves the ridge 4 almost vertically, and the lid can be opened and closed while it is in the ridge 4. The mechanism 8 is activated and releases the block seedlings 2 into the furrow.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 to 6, a transplanter 1 is a block tube 2.
a feeding mechanism 3, a seedling receiver 5 that receives block seedlings 2 from the feeding mechanism 3 and transplants them into the furrow 4, and a drive mechanism 6 that reciprocates the seedling receiver 5 between the feeding mechanism 3 and the furrow 4. and an opening/closing lid 7 provided at the bottom of the seedling receiver 5.
A mobile body 10 that supports these mechanisms 3, 6, and 8 and has drive wheels 9 is provided.

The mobile body 10 has a shaft support 1 on a frame 12.
3 is fixed, and the axle 1 of the drive wheel 9 is fixed to this shaft support 13.
A shaft support rod 15 is swingably extended rearward from the axle 14, and a tail wheel 1 is attached to the rear end of the shaft support rod 15.
6 is provided, and this pivot rod 15 and frame frame 12
A height adjustment rod 17 is provided between the two. Reference numeral 18 denotes a handle projecting rearward and upward from the frame 12. A motor 20 (or engine) and a battery of the drive mechanism 6 are mounted on the front part of the frame 12.
A drive shaft 21 is supported at the center, and power is transmitted from the motor 20 via a winding transmission means 22. The motor 20 also has a winding transmission means 23.
The wheels 9 are driven through. Note that the axle 14 may transmit power via the drive shaft 21.

The supply mechanism 3 is supported at the rear upper part of the frame 12, and is connected to a belt conveyor 2 to which power is transmitted from the drive shaft 21 via a winding transmission means 24.
It has 6.

The belt conveyor 26 is capable of loading and transporting the block seedlings 2, and is inclined slightly downward in the front, and behind and on the sides thereof, a seedling stand 27, which is also inclined downward in the front, is arranged. A large number of block seedlings 2 grown on a seedling stand 27 and a seedling raising box are placed, and a worker takes the block seedlings 2 from the seedling stand 27 and places them on the belt conveyor 26 artificially and randomly. still,
It is possible to arrange the block seedlings 2 in a line on the seedling stand 27 and automatically distribute them onto the belt conveyor 26 using an extrusion mechanism. It is also possible to configure so that the whole box is placed.

A pair of left and right stoppers 28 are provided at the front upper part of the belt conveyor 26 to guide and stop the movement of the block seedlings 2. The left and right stoppers 28 are supported by a pair of left and right mounting plates 29 which are fixed to the frame frame 12 so as to be able to adjust the interval therebetween, via front and rear rods 30 and 31, so as to be slidable in the left and right direction. The front and rear rods 30, 31 have springs 32 for returning the position.
33 are provided.

The distance between the front portions of the left and right stoppers 28 is gradually narrowed, and the block seedling 2 moves while pushing the left and right stoppers 28 apart against the spring 32. As a result, the block seedlings 2 are aligned and guided.

A guide rod 34 is protruded from one side of the mounting plate 29, and a sliding cam 3 is attached to the guide rod 34.
A push plate 36 fixed to 5 is fitted to guide linear movement. This pushing plate 36 has a pushing member 3 facing the front rod 30 of one stopper 28.
7 is attached via a nut 38 so that the facing position can be freely adjusted.

A fixed cam 41 and the sliding cam 35 are provided on the rotating shaft 40 at the front of the belt conveyor 26. Both cams 35, 41 have inclined cam surfaces 42 facing each other, and the fixed cam 41 rotates, the sliding cam 35 slides on the rotating shaft 40 in the left-right direction A, and brings the pushing member 37 into contact with the front rod 30 via the pushing plate 36. This allows the front rod 30
There is no escape, and the stopper 28 cannot slide.
Block seedling 2 will be stopped.

The speed at which the belt conveyor 26 conveys the block seedlings 2 is set faster than the planting speed, that is, the speed at which the seedling receiver 5 receives the block seedlings 2, and the stopper 28 acts to stop the block seedlings 2. The speed is synchronized with the seedling receiver 5, and at the same time when one block seedling 2 is supplied to the seedling receiver 5, the stopper 28 is activated to stop the movement of the subsequent block seedlings, and then the seedling receiver is fed. The block seedlings are held on the belt conveyor 26 until the cylinder 5 comes to receive them.

The pair of cams 35 and 41, the pushing plate 36, the pushing member 37, and the spring 39 for returning the sliding cam 35
A stopper operating mechanism 43 for deactivating the stopper 28 is constructed by the above.

A crank arm 46 is rotatably attached to the drive shaft 21, and a swinging rod 47 is provided in front of the crank arm 46.
The middle of the support rod 48 is pivotally connected to the crank arm 46, and the front part thereof is pivotally connected to the swing rod 47.

A seedling receiver 5 is attached and supported at the rear end of the support rod 48. The seedling receiver 5 has a cylinder body 5a which is triangular in side view, rectangular in rear view, and U-shaped in cross section, and an opening/closing lid 7 forming a front wall of the cylinder body 5a.

The cylinder body 5a has an upwardly expanding guide portion 5b at the top.
The lower end has a serrated portion 5c for facilitating entry into the soil, and has a shaft 49 near the upper portion thereof. The opening/closing lid 7 is formed of a spring plate or an iron plate, is pivotally supported by the shaft 49, and can be rotated to freely open and close the lower part of the seedling receiver 5, and is brought into the closed state as shown in FIG. By doing this, it is possible to hold the block seedlings 2 inside the seedling receiver 5, and by opening it, the seedling receiver 5 becomes a rectangular tube with a rectangular cross section that passes through the top and bottom, and the block seedlings 2 held therein can be held in the seedling receiver 5. It can be supplied falling into the ridge 4. This opening/closing lid 7
Since the opening is gradual, the block seedlings inside will slide down gently and will not fall so suddenly that their posture will change.

One end of an opening/closing rod 51 is connected to the front surface of the opening/closing lid 7, and the other end of this opening/closing rod 51 is slidably passed through a pivot shaft 52 provided in the middle of the swinging rod 47, and a spring is attached to the opening/closing rod 51. 53, it is always pressed in the closing direction.

A swing regulating body 54 (nut) whose position is freely adjustable is provided on the other end side of the opening/closing rod 51, and restricts the swinging of the opening/closing rod 51 beyond a certain level so that the cylinder body 5a of the seedling receiver can When the opening/closing rod 51 leaves the opening/closing lid 7 at a certain distance or more, the opening/closing rod 51 prevents the opening/closing lid 7 from moving further and opens the opening/closing lid 7 relatively.
is configured.

The crank arm 46 is driven clockwise in FIG. 1, and this direction of rotation is the same as the forward rotation of the drive wheel 9. Due to this rotation of the crank arm 46, the lower part of the seedling receiver 5 is vertically elongated. The lower part of the elliptical trajectory B enters into the ridge 4, and the moving aircraft 10 descends from above to below in the ridge. After the entry is completed, it gradually moves backward and upward.

The elliptical trajectory B is the trajectory of the seedling receptacle 5 when the mobile body 10 is stopped. If it moves forward by a distance S, the direction of movement is opposite and the speeds are equal, so the seedling receiver 5 does not move forward or backward with respect to the ridge 4, but only moves up and down approximately vertically at the entry position. However, this is effective when the seedling receiver 5 is a rectangular tube up to the bottom, and the structure must be such that the lower surface of the rectangular tube can be opened with an opening/closing lid to release the block seedlings 2. However, if the seedling receiving tube 5 is an inverted triangle as in this embodiment, the block seedlings cannot be released unless the tube body 5a is separated from the opening/closing lid 7 by a distance L.
0 moves by a distance S, the seedling receiver 5 is moved by a distance L.
Set the speed difference so that it moves by Moving the seedling receiver 5 by the distance L pushes the mobile body 10 in the forward direction C, and does not become a resistance to the planting work.

When the seedling receiving tube 5 reaches the upper end position of the elliptical path B, it comes closest to the front end of the belt conveyor 26 and can receive fallen seedlings, but in order to ensure the delivery of the block seedlings 2, a seedling guiding member is used. 56 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 4, the seedling guide member 56 is rotatably supported at its upper part by a gate-shaped frame 57 erected on the frame frame 12 via a horizontal shaft 58 whose vertical position is adjustable. As shown in FIG. 1, a spring 59 provided at the spring 58 and a stopper 61 provided at the gate frame 57 allow one block seedling 2 to be held between them with respect to the belt conveyor 26. The block seedlings 2 held between the seedlings 2 and the belt conveyor 26 fall by rotating elastically downward.

An engagement piece 60 is protruded from the lower surface of the seedling guide member 56, and this engagement piece 60 can be engaged with the end of the support rod 48 above the seedling receiver 5 that has moved upward. When engaged, the support rod 48 rotates the seedling guide member 56 downward, and the seedling receiver 5 receives the block seedlings 2 that slide down on the seedling guide member 48.

In addition, since the transplanter 1 needs to drive only the drive wheel 9 when carrying it into and out of the field, the drive shaft 21
A power disconnection clutch is provided in each of the power transmission systems to and to the axle 14. In addition, drive shaft 2
The clutch for No. 1 includes a fixed position disconnection clutch that is disconnected when the seedling receiver 5 is not present in the furrow (for example, a clutch for a rice transplanter as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 44-25606, which is a known technique). It is preferable to provide a stop device).

Further, the transplanting machine 1 can be configured to include a plurality of sets of belt conveyor 26, seedling receivers 5, etc., so as to perform double or triple planting at the same time, or staggered planting. Block seedlings 2 after planting by providing a soil covering vessel on the shaft support rod 15 or frame frame 12
Covering soil may be supplied on top.

The transplanting machine 1 having the above structure is particularly suitable for planting block seedlings 2 such as lettuce or Chinese cabbage in the ridges 4 covered with multi-film.

The working operation is to move the transplanter 1 forward in the direction of arrow C while straddling the ridge 4, and at the same time, the worker places the block seedlings 2 on the belt conveyor 26. Block seedlings 2 are on belt conveyor 26
is guided and held by a stopper 28 at the tip of the
When the moving cam 35 moves the pushing member 37 backward to make the stopper 28 freely openable and expandable, the stopper 28 is pushed away and the seedling guide member 56 is held between the belt conveyor 26 and the seedling guide member 56.

Crank arm 4 rotating in the same direction as drive wheel 9
6, when the seedling receiver 5 comes to the upper part of the area that has been moving along the pseudo-elliptical trajectory B, the support rod 48 engages with the engagement piece 60 and moves the seedling guide member 56 downward. The block seedlings 2 that were held are slid down into the seedling receiver 5. At this time, since the block seedlings slide on the seedling guide member 56, their posture during feeding remains normal and stable.
and protected from damage.

The seedling receiver 5 that has received the block seedlings moves downward, and its lower part breaks through the mulch film and forms the ridge 4.
rush into. From around this time, the sliding regulating body 54 of the opening/closing rod 51 comes into contact with the pivot 52 and restrains the movement of the opening/closing lid 7. On the other hand, the cylinder body 5a is the mobile body 10.
The seedling receptacle 5 moves further backwards, and the lower part of the seedling receptacle 5 is opened, releasing the block seedlings 2 that it was holding into the ridge 4.

While the seedling receiver 5 is entering the ridge 4, the mobile body 1
0 has moved forward by approximately a distance S, and the position of the seedling receiver 5 with respect to the ridge 4 has hardly changed, leaving only the block seedlings 2 and moving upward. Therefore, only the square holes can be punched in the multi-film, and it will not be deformed or caught and torn. Block seedlings are planted at a depth of approximately 1 cm from the upper surface of the ridge, and can be covered with soil, and the planting position is approximately vertical. This planting position is vertical
An inclination of up to approximately 15° is permitted.

After planting, the seedling receiver 5 opens and closes the lid 7 while moving upward.
is closed by the action of the spring 53, and the block seedling can be delivered.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention detailed above, the crank arm 46 is rotated in the same direction as the drive wheel 9, and the lower part of the seedling receiver 5 is rotated in a substantially elliptical shape with respect to the mobile body 10. , and is configured to move in the opposite direction to the forward movement direction of the mobile body 10 in the ridge 4 at the lower part of the approximately elliptical trajectory B, so that as the mobile body 10 moves forward, the seedling receiver 5 moves along the ridge. 4, there is no relative movement in the front-back direction from the start of entry to the completion of entry, and the seedlings 2 are removed by making as small a hole as possible, which is approximately equivalent to the cross-sectional area of the seedling receiver 5. The seedling receiver 5 in the ridge moves in the opposite direction to the mobile body 10, and the resistance from the ridge soil is small.
Work performance can be improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is an overall side view, Fig. 2 is an overall plan view, Fig. 3 is a side view of main parts showing the state when entering the ridge, and Fig. 4 is a seedling guide. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the plate, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the seedling receiver and the drive mechanism, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing seedling holding and seedling release in the seedling receiver. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Transplanter, 2... Block seedling, 3... Feeding mechanism, 4... Ridge, 5... Seedling receiver, 6... Drive mechanism, 7... Opening/closing lid, 8... Opening/closing mechanism, 9... ... Drive wheel, 10 ... Mobile body, 26 ... Belt conveyor, 46 ... Crank arm, 48 ... Support rod,
51... Opening/closing rod, 56... Seedling guide member, B...
...elliptical locus.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A feeding mechanism 3 for block seedlings 2; a seedling receiver 5 having an opening/closing lid 7 at the bottom and receiving block seedlings 2 supplied from the feeding mechanism 3; A drive mechanism 6 has a support rod 48 that supports the support rod 48, a crank arm 46 connected to the support rod 48, and a swing rod 47, and moves the lower part of the seedling receiver 5 up and down to the middle of the ridge 4.
and a lid opening/closing mechanism 8 that opens the opening/closing lid 7 when the lower part of the seedling receiver 5 enters the ridge 4; the feeding mechanism 3, the drive mechanism 6, and the lid opening/closing mechanism 8.
In the block seedling transplanter, the drive mechanism 6 rotates the lower part of the seedling receptacle 5 in a substantially elliptical shape with respect to the mobile body 10, and At the bottom of the approximately elliptical trajectory B, the crank arm 46 moves in the direction opposite to the forward direction of the mobile body 10 within the ridge 4.
This block seedling transplanter is characterized by rotating in the same direction as the drive wheel 9.