JP3209440B2 - Alkaline storage battery - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an alkaline storage battery, and more particularly, to an improvement in a positive electrode insulator thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an alkaline storage battery, for example, as represented by a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-hydrogen storage alloy battery and the like, a sheet-like positive electrode containing a metal oxide or a metal hydroxide, a cadmium, zinc, Various batteries using a sheet-shaped negative electrode containing iron, their oxides, their hydroxides, or hydrogen storage alloys have been proposed.

[0003] The general structure of this alkaline storage battery is as shown in FIG. 4, and an annular positive electrode insulator 15 as shown in FIGS.

However, when the battery is vibrated or falls and the spiral electrode body 4 moves in the battery, the positive electrode lead body 12 comes into contact with the inwardly protruding portion 5a of the battery case 5 and an internal short circuit occurs. There was a problem that occurs.

Further, an annular positive electrode insulator 16 having an upwardly projecting portion 16a on the inner peripheral side as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is also used. In a battery using this positive electrode insulator 16,
The protruding portion 16a can prevent the positive electrode lead body 12 from contacting the inward protruding portion 5a of the battery case 5. However, when the spiral electrode body 4 moves in the battery due to vibration, drop, or the like, There has been a problem that the positive electrode lead body 12 comes into contact with the negative electrode 2 in the spiral electrode body 4 and an internal short circuit occurs.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem that the conventional alkaline storage battery has an internal short circuit due to vibration, drop, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide an alkaline storage battery capable of preventing occurrence of an internal short circuit even when a battery falls.

[0007]

Means for solving the above problems will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 corresponding to the embodiment.

According to the present invention, a through hole 14a is provided at the center on the upper part of the spiral electrode body 4 accommodated in the battery case 5, and the positive electrode lead body 12 penetrates through the outer peripheral portion 14b of the through hole 14a. The positive insulator 14 is provided with a notch 14c for providing the same, a protruding portion 14d protruding upward on the outer peripheral side from the notch 14c, and a flange 14e lower than the protruding portion 14c on the outer peripheral side. It was done.

[0009]

The projection 14d of the positive electrode insulator 14 is
Is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the inwardly protruding portion 5a, and the outer peripheral side portion 14b of the through hole 14a is disposed on the spiral electrode body 4.
Even if the spiral electrode body 4 moves in the battery due to vibration, drop, etc., the protrusion 14 d of the positive electrode insulator 14
2 to prevent contact with the inwardly protruding portion 5a of the battery case 5,
The outer peripheral side portion 14b of the through hole 14a is
And the contact with the negative electrode 2 in the spiral electrode body 4 is prevented.

That is, the positive electrode insulator 14 is provided with a through hole 14a in the center, a notch 14c in an outer peripheral portion 14b of the through hole 14a, and the positive electrode lead body 12 is connected to the notch 14c.
An upwardly projecting portion 14d is provided on the outer peripheral side of the cutout portion 14c, and the projecting portion 14d is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the inwardly projecting portion 5a of the battery case 5. Therefore, the spiral electrode body 4
Even when the battery pack moves inside the battery, contact between the positive electrode lead body 12 and the inwardly protruding portion 5a of the battery case 5 is prevented by the protruding portion 14d, and the positive electrode lead body 12 and the spiral electrode body 4
The contact with the inside negative electrode 2 is caused by the outer peripheral side portion 14 of the through hole 14a.
b.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an alkaline storage battery according to Embodiment 1. 2 and 3 show a positive electrode insulator used in the battery shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof.

First, the battery shown in FIG. 1 will be described. 1 is a positive electrode, 2 is a negative electrode, 3 is a separator, 4 is a spiral electrode body, 5 is a battery case, 6 is an annular gasket, 7 is a sealing lid, 8 is Terminal plate, 9 is sealing plate, 10 is metal spring, 11
Is a valve element, 12 is a positive electrode lead, 13 is a negative electrode insulator, 14
Is a positive electrode insulator.

The positive electrode 1 uses a sintered nickel electrode and is in the form of a sheet containing nickel oxyhydroxide as an active material. The negative electrode 2 uses a press-fit type hydrogen storage alloy electrode and As a sheet containing a hydrogen storage alloy capable of reversibly storing and releasing hydrogen as an active material.

The separator 3 is made of a nylon non-woven fabric,
The positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 are overlapped via the separator 3 and spirally wound to form a spiral electrode body 4.

The spiral electrode body 4 is accommodated in a battery case 5, and a positive electrode insulator 14 is disposed above the spiral electrode body 4. This positive electrode insulator 14 will be described later in detail. Prior to the accommodation of the spiral electrode body 4 in the battery case 5, a negative electrode insulator 13 is disposed at the bottom of the battery case 5 so that contact between the battery case 5 and the positive electrode 1 can be prevented. I have.

The annular gasket 6 is made of nylon 66, the sealing lid 7 is composed of a terminal plate 8 and a sealing plate 9, and the opening of the battery case 5 is sealed by the sealing lid 7 and the annular gasket 6. I have.

The terminal plate 8 is provided with a gas discharge hole 8a,
A gas detection hole 9 a is provided in the sealing plate 9, and a metal spring 10 and a valve body 11 are arranged between the terminal plate 8 and the sealing plate 9. Then, the outer peripheral portion of the sealing plate 9 is bent to sandwich the outer peripheral portion of the terminal plate 8, thereby fixing the terminal plate 8 and the sealing plate 9.

The battery case 5 is made of cold-rolled steel and nickel-plated on the surface. After the spiral electrode body 4 is inserted into the battery case 5, a part near the open end thereof is covered over the entire circumference. Inwardly projecting portion 5a is formed to support the lower portion of annular gasket 6 with inward projecting portion 5a.

That is, the annular gasket 6 and the sealing lid 7 are arranged in the opening of the battery case 5, the lower part of the annular gasket 6 is supported by the inwardly protruding portion 5a, and the opening end of the battery case 5 is inward. The battery case 5 is folded to press the annular gasket 6 against the sealing lid 7 to seal the opening of the battery case 5.

The positive electrode 1 is connected to the lower portion of the sealing plate 9 by a positive electrode lead body 12, so that the terminal plate 8 of the sealing lid 7 also serves as a positive electrode terminal, and the negative electrode 2 has an outer peripheral portion inside the battery case 5. The battery case 5 is pressed against the peripheral surface, and as a result, the battery case 5 also serves as a negative electrode terminal.

Then, an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide having a concentration of 30% by weight is injected into the battery as an electrolyte.

Further, in this battery, the valve body 11 closes the gas detection hole 9a by the pressing force of the metal spring 10 under normal conditions, so that the inside of the battery is kept in a sealed state. When a gas is generated in the battery and the internal pressure of the battery rises abnormally, the metal spring 10 contracts to form a gap between the valve body 11 and the gas detection hole 9a. The battery is discharged through the gas discharge holes 8a to the outside of the battery to prevent the battery from bursting.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the positive electrode insulator 14 has a circular shape as a whole, is provided with a through hole 14a at the center, and a notch 14c is formed in an outer peripheral portion 14b of the through hole 14a. Are provided concentrically at three places, and a protrusion 14d is provided on the outer peripheral side of the notch 14c so as to protrude upward. Further, a flange 14 lower than the protrusion 14d is provided on the outer peripheral side.
e is provided. In addition, in order to avoid complication in the battery shown in FIG. 1, the outline of the positive electrode insulator 14 behind the cut surface is omitted for some parts.

The through holes 14a are used to promote the absorption of the electrolyte in the spiral electrode body 4 and to guide the gas generated in the spiral electrode body 4 to the gas detection holes 9a.
c is for penetrating the positive electrode lead body 12,
The positive electrode lead body 12 penetrates through the cutout 14 c to form the positive electrode 1.
And the sealing plate 9 are connected.

The cutout portion 14c may have any shape as long as the cutout portion 14c can penetrate the positive electrode lead body 12, and only one cutout portion 14c is required from the functional aspect.

As shown in FIG. 1, the upper end of the protruding portion 14d is located above or at the same position as the inner peripheral end of the inward protruding portion 5a of the battery case 5. Even when the battery moves in the battery, the protrusion 14 d prevents the positive lead body 12 from contacting the inward protrusion 5 a of the battery case 5.

The flange portion 14e is disposed below the inwardly protruding portion 5a of the battery case 5, presses the spiral electrode body 4 to prevent the spiral electrode body 4 from moving, and to prevent the spiral electrode body 4 from moving. The contact between the protrusion 5a and the positive electrode 1 in the spiral electrode body 4 is prevented.

The outer peripheral side portion 14b of the through hole 14a
Is provided between the positive electrode lead body 12 and the negative electrode 2 in the spiral electrode body 4 to prevent contact between the spiral electrode body 4 and the negative electrode 2 even when the spiral electrode body 4 moves in the battery due to vibration, drop, or the like.

The positive electrode insulator 14 may be one having electrical insulation and alkali resistance, for example, nylon such as nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 11, nylon 12, or polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene. This embodiment is formed of polypropylene.

The cathode insulator 14 of this embodiment has an outer diameter of 13 mm, a diameter of the through hole 14a of 3 mm, and a diameter of the through hole 14a.
The thickness of the outer peripheral side portion 14b of 0.5a is 0.5 mm,
c has a width of 1.5 mm, a length of 6 mm, and a protrusion 14d.
Has a height from the lower surface to the upper end of 2.5 mm, a width of 0.5 mm, and a thickness of the flange portion 14e of 1 mm.

Comparative Example 1 Instead of the positive electrode insulator 14 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an annular positive electrode insulator 15 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 was used. did. That is, the produced battery had the structure shown in FIG. 4, and the material of the positive electrode insulator 15 was polypropylene as in Example 1, and the outer diameter of the positive electrode insulator 15 was 13 mm and the inner diameter was 10 m.
m, the thickness is 1 mm.

Comparative Example 2 An alkaline storage battery was manufactured in the same configuration as in Example 1 except that the positive electrode insulator 16 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 was used instead of the positive electrode insulator 14 shown in FIGS. The positive electrode insulator 16 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is also annular, and is provided with an upwardly projecting portion 16a on the inner peripheral side thereof, made of polypropylene, having an outer diameter of 13 mm, an inner diameter of 10 mm, and a protrusion 16a. The height from the lower surface to the upper end is 2.5 mm, and the thickness of the flange 16b on the outer peripheral side of the protrusion 16a is 1 mm.

Fifty batteries each of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were manufactured, and the amplitude was 1 mm in three directions of X, Y and Z.
Were subjected to a vibration test for 90 minutes, and the number of batteries having an internal short circuit was determined. Table 1 shows the results. In Table 1, the number of all batteries subjected to the test is shown in the denominator, and the number of batteries in which the internal short-circuit occurred is shown in the denominator so that the ratio of batteries having an internal short circuit to all the batteries used in the test can be easily understood. Indicates the number of internal short-circuiting batteries.

[0035]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that in Example 1, no internal short circuit occurred and high reliability was obtained.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, the positive electrode insulator 14 disposed on the spiral electrode body 4 is provided with the through hole 14a at the center, and the outer peripheral portion 14b of the through hole 14a is provided.
A notch 14c for allowing the positive electrode lead body 12 to pass therethrough is provided, a protruding portion 14d protruding upward from the notch 14c is provided on the outer peripheral side, and the protruding portion 14d is further provided on the outer peripheral side thereof.
By providing a configuration in which a lower flange portion 14e is provided,
A highly reliable alkaline storage battery capable of preventing the occurrence of an internal short circuit even when the battery is vibrated or the battery is dropped can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of an alkaline storage battery of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a positive electrode insulator used in the battery shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a positive electrode insulator used in the battery shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional alkaline storage battery.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a positive electrode insulator used in the battery shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a positive electrode insulator used in the battery shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing another example of the positive electrode insulator used in the conventional alkaline storage battery.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the positive electrode insulator used in the conventional alkaline storage battery.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Positive electrode 2 Negative electrode 3 Separator 4 Spiral electrode body 5 Battery case 12 Positive-electrode lead 14 Positive-electrode insulator 14a Through-hole 14b Outer-peripheral-side part of through-hole 14c Notch 14d Projection 14e Flange

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tatsuya Kitai 1-88 Ushitora, Ibaraki City, Osaka Prefecture Within Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Incorporated (56) References JP-A-63-176269 (JP, U) JP-A-1-150372 (JP, U) JP-A-61-214961 (JP, U) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H01M 10/00-10/40 H01M 2/34

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A sheet-like positive electrode 1 containing a metal oxide or a metal hydroxide, and a sheet-like negative electrode 2 containing cadmium, zinc, iron, their oxides, their hydroxides or a hydrogen storage alloy. , A separator 3 and an electrolytic solution comprising an aqueous alkaline solution, wherein the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2
In the alkaline storage battery housed in the battery case 5 as the spirally wound electrode body 4 spirally wound through a through hole, a through hole 14a is provided at a center portion above the spirally wound electrode body 4, The positive electrode lead 1 is attached to the outer peripheral portion 14b of the
2. A notch 14c for penetrating through the notch 2 is provided.
Protruding portion 14d protruding upward toward the outer peripheral side from 4c
And a positive electrode insulator 14 provided with a flange 14e lower than the protrusion 14d on the outer peripheral side thereof.