JP3204125B2 - Biological treatment method - Google Patents
Biological treatment methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3204125B2 JP3204125B2 JP28520796A JP28520796A JP3204125B2 JP 3204125 B2 JP3204125 B2 JP 3204125B2 JP 28520796 A JP28520796 A JP 28520796A JP 28520796 A JP28520796 A JP 28520796A JP 3204125 B2 JP3204125 B2 JP 3204125B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- biological
- reaction tank
- filtration
- biological reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は生物処理方法に係
り、特に、生物反応槽内に浸漬配置した濾過体により生
物汚泥を効率的に分離して生物処理する方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a biological treatment method, and more particularly to a biological treatment method for efficiently separating biological sludge by a filter immersed in a biological reaction tank.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】生物反応により水中の有機物を分解処理
する活性汚泥などの生物処理装置では、一般に、この生
物汚泥を固液分離するために、沈殿池等の沈降分離手段
が用いられている。しかしながら、生物反応槽の後段に
沈殿池を設けた従来の生物処理装置では、次のような問
題がある。2. Description of the Related Art In a biological treatment apparatus such as an activated sludge for decomposing organic substances in water by a biological reaction, a sedimentation separation means such as a sedimentation basin is generally used for solid-liquid separation of the biological sludge. However, the conventional biological treatment apparatus provided with a sedimentation pond at the latter stage of the biological reaction tank has the following problems.
【０００３】 比重差により汚泥を沈降分離する沈殿
処理では、汚泥の分離性能にも限界があり、流入負荷の
変動時や、バルキング発生時等には、処理水質が悪化す
る。このため、高度な処理水質が要求される場合には、
沈殿池の後段に、更に急速濾過機やストレーナー等の設
備が必要である。 最終沈殿池で分離した生物汚泥を生物反応槽に返送
する操作も必要とされる。 汚泥返送操作や汚泥濃度管理を行っても、最終沈殿
池でスカムが発生したり、汚泥が浮上したりする等のト
ラブルが発生し、水質が悪化する場合が多い。 沈殿池は、大きな設置スペースを必要とするため、
工業的に不利である。[0003] In the sedimentation treatment for sedimentation and separation of sludge due to a difference in specific gravity, there is a limit in the sludge separation performance. For this reason, when high treated water quality is required,
Further equipment, such as a rapid filtration machine and a strainer, is required after the sedimentation basin. An operation to return the biological sludge separated in the final sedimentation tank to the biological reaction tank is also required. Even if the sludge return operation or the sludge concentration control is performed, troubles such as scum generation or sludge floating in the final sedimentation basin occur, and the water quality often deteriorates. Since the sedimentation basin requires a large installation space,
Industrially disadvantageous.
【０００４】一方、沈降分離の代りに、生物汚泥を限外
濾過膜や精密濾過膜により膜分離する場合もある。この
膜分離処理によれば、沈殿池のような大きなスペースを
必要とすることなく、ＳＳが高度に除去された高水質処
理水を得ることができる。On the other hand, instead of sedimentation and separation, biological sludge may be subjected to membrane separation using an ultrafiltration membrane or a microfiltration membrane. According to this membrane separation treatment, high-quality treated water from which SS is highly removed can be obtained without requiring a large space such as a sedimentation pond.
【０００５】しかしながら、限外濾過膜や精密濾過膜に
よる膜分離処理では、稼働エネルギーが大きい上に、膜
で阻止した物質（この膜汚染物質は、高分子状の微生物
代謝産物などが主体となっている。）により膜が汚染さ
れ、膜孔の閉塞で濾過性能が低下するため、定期的な薬
品洗浄が必須であるという欠点がある。[0005] However, in the membrane separation treatment using an ultrafiltration membrane or a microfiltration membrane, the operating energy is large and, in addition, a substance blocked by the membrane (this membrane contaminant is mainly composed of a high molecular weight microbial metabolite or the like). ) Contaminates the membrane, and the filtration performance is reduced due to blockage of the membrane pores. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that periodic chemical cleaning is essential.
【０００６】このような膜分離処理における問題を解決
するものとして、濾布を備える濾過体を生物反応槽に浸
漬配置し、この濾過体の濾布を通過した濾過水を処理水
として取り出すことで、生物汚泥を固液分離することが
考えられている。In order to solve such a problem in the membrane separation treatment, a filter provided with a filter cloth is immersed in a biological reaction tank, and filtered water having passed through the filter cloth of the filter is taken out as treated water. It has been considered that biological sludge is separated into solid and liquid.
【０００７】図４は、このような生物反応槽を示す断面
図であり、生物反応槽１内の一側部に生物反応に必要な
酸素を供給するための散気管２が設けられ、他側部に濾
過体３が設けられている。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing such a biological reaction tank. One side of the biological reaction tank 1 is provided with an air diffuser 2 for supplying oxygen required for a biological reaction, and the other side thereof is provided. The filter body 3 is provided in the portion.
【０００８】この濾過体３は不織布等の濾布を備える平
板型濾過ユニットが鉛直方向に積層されて構成されてお
り、処理水（濾過水）は、この濾過体３の中央部に、濾
布の濾過側に連通するように設けられた処理水排出管４
から処理水槽５に抜き出される。６は仕切壁である。[0008] The filter body 3 is configured by vertically stacking flat filter units provided with a filter cloth such as a non-woven fabric, and treated water (filtration water) is applied to the center of the filter body 3 by a filter cloth. Treated water discharge pipe 4 provided to communicate with the filtration side of
From the treatment water tank 5. 6 is a partition wall.
【０００９】この生物反応槽１内では、散気管２からの
散気により、散気管２を設けた槽内の一側部に上昇流が
生じ、濾過体３を設けた他側部に下降流が生じること
で、槽内液の緩やかな循環流（旋回流）が形成される
（矢印Ｆ）。この循環流により、濾過体３の濾布表面に
均等なクロスフローが付与され、濾過が進行する。[0009] In the biological reaction tank 1, the updraft occurs on one side of the tank provided with the diffuser 2 due to the air diffused from the diffuser 2, and the downflow flows on the other side provided with the filter 3. Is generated, a gentle circulation flow (swirl flow) of the liquid in the tank is formed (arrow F). By this circulating flow, a uniform cross flow is given to the surface of the filter cloth of the filter body 3, and the filtration proceeds.
【００１０】この濾過体３による濾過は、実際には、濾
過の進行により濾過体３の濾布表面に形成された活性汚
泥粒子の付着物層（ダイナミック濾過層。以下、単に
「濾過層」と称する場合がある。）によって行われてい
る。即ち、濾過体３の濾布は、実質的には活性汚泥粒子
を通過させるものであるが、濾過の駆動圧が小さい条件
下において、濾布の表面に活性汚泥粒子の付着物層が形
成され、この付着物層により活性汚泥粒子の通過を阻止
することができるようになる。In actual practice, the filtration by the filter 3 is carried out with a layer of adhering activated sludge particles formed on the surface of the filter cloth of the filter 3 as the filtration proceeds (dynamic filtration layer; hereinafter simply referred to as “filtration layer”). It may be called.) That is, although the filter cloth of the filter body 3 substantially allows the activated sludge particles to pass through, under the condition where the driving pressure of the filtration is small, an adhering layer of the activated sludge particles is formed on the surface of the filter cloth. The adhering layer makes it possible to prevent the activated sludge particles from passing therethrough.
【００１１】なお、散気管２は、濾過体３が設けられた
側とは反対側に設けられ、濾過体３の下方に設けられて
いない。そして、散気管２からの散気による気泡は、上
向流部分で大部分分離されることから、濾過体３が散気
管２による散気の気泡と直接接触することはない。この
ため、生物処理及び濾過処理中に濾過体３の濾布表面に
形成される濾過層が気泡によって剥離することはない。
これにより、濾過処理は安定して行われ、処理水質も安
定している。散気管２を濾過体３の下方に設けた場合に
は、散気管２の散気による気泡で濾過体３の濾過層の形
成が不安定となり、処理水質が低下するため、好ましく
ない。The air diffuser 2 is provided on the side opposite to the side on which the filter 3 is provided, and is not provided below the filter 3. Since the air bubbles generated by the air diffuser 2 are mostly separated in the upward flow portion, the filter 3 does not directly contact the air bubbles generated by the air diffuser 2. Therefore, the filter layer formed on the filter cloth surface of the filter body 3 during the biological treatment and the filtration treatment does not peel off due to bubbles.
Thereby, the filtration process is performed stably, and the quality of the treated water is also stable. If the air diffuser 2 is provided below the filter 3, the formation of the filtration layer of the filter 3 becomes unstable due to the air bubbles generated by the air diffusion of the air diffuser 2, and the quality of treated water is undesirably reduced.
【００１２】この生物反応槽１においては、生物反応槽
１の水位よりも処理水槽５の水位を低水位とし、この水
頭差ΔＨを駆動力として濾過を進行させる。In the biological reaction tank 1, the water level of the treatment water tank 5 is set to be lower than the water level of the biological reaction tank 1, and the water head difference ΔH is used as a driving force to perform filtration.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、このよ
うな濾布よりなる濾過体を生物反応槽に浸漬配置したも
のでも、長期間濾過を継続すると濾過速度が低下してく
るという問題があった。この濾過速度の低下の原因は、
濾布の表面に形成される濾過層の圧密化にある。However, even when such a filter body made of a filter cloth is immersed in a biological reaction tank, there is a problem that the filtration speed is reduced when filtration is continued for a long period of time. The cause of this decrease in filtration rate is
It is to consolidate the filtration layer formed on the surface of the filter cloth.
【００１４】濾過体の下方から曝気を行って、濾過体を
気液混合流にさらすことで濾過層を剥離除去して濾過体
を再生することも考えられるが、この場合には、この曝
気中に濾過を停止するためのバルブ等の部材が必要とな
り、装置構成が複雑となる上に、バルブ操作が煩雑とな
るという不具合がある。It is also conceivable to regenerate the filter by aerating from below the filter and exposing the filter to a gas-liquid mixed flow to remove the filter layer and regenerate the filter. In addition, a member such as a valve for stopping the filtration is required, so that the apparatus configuration is complicated and the valve operation is complicated.
【００１５】本発明は上記従来の問題点を解決し、生物
反応槽内に浸漬配置された濾過体の濾過層の圧密化及び
それによる濾過速度の低下を容易に防止して、安定かつ
効率的な濾過を継続することを可能とする生物処理方法
を提供することを目的とする。[0015] The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and makes it possible to easily prevent the filtration layer of the filter body immersed and disposed in the biological reaction tank from being compacted and to thereby reduce the filtration speed, thereby stably and efficiently. It is an object of the present invention to provide a biological treatment method that allows continuous filtration.
【００１６】[0016]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の生物処理方法
は、生物反応槽と、該生物反応槽内の一側部に設置され
た、生物反応に必要な酸素を供給するための散気管と、
該生物反応槽内の他側部に設置された濾過体と、該生物
反応槽内の該濾過体の下方に設けられた濾過体洗浄用の
ガスを供給するための通気管とを備える生物反応装置で
あって、該濾過体を構成する濾布は、活性汚泥粒子を通
過させるものであるが、該濾布の表面に活性汚泥粒子の
付着物層を形成させて濾過を行う生物反応装置に原水を
供給し、前記濾過体の濾過水を処理水として取り出す生
物処理方法において、該生物反応装置に複数の濾過体を
設け、各濾過体の下方にそれぞれ前記通気管を配置し、
すべての濾過体から濾過水を取り出しながら一部の前記
通気管にガスを供給して該通気管の上方の濾過体につい
て前記付着物層の剥離を行うようにした生物処理方法で
あって、ガスを供給する通気管を順次に切り替えるよう
にしたことを特徴とする。According to the present invention, there is provided a biological treatment method comprising: a biological reaction tank; and an air diffusion tube provided at one side of the biological reaction tank for supplying oxygen required for the biological reaction. ,
Biological response comprising the organism reactor filter body provided on the other side portion in, and a vent pipe for supplying a gas for filtration body cleaning provided below the filter body of the organism reaction vessel On the device
Then, the filter cloth constituting the filter body passes through the activated sludge particles.
The activated sludge particles on the surface of the filter cloth.
In a biological treatment method in which raw water is supplied to a biological reaction device that forms an adhering substance layer and performs filtration, and the filtered water of the filter is taken out as treated water, a plurality of filters are provided in the biological reaction device, and each filter is provided. Arrange the ventilation pipes below each,
A all the biological treatment method to perform the peeling of the deposit layer on the upper filtration of vent pipe by supplying a gas in a part the vent tube while taking out filtered water from the filter body, the gas Are sequentially switched.
【００１７】本発明においては、濾過体の下方に設けた
通気管からガスを供給して、濾過体を気液混合流の掃流
にさらすことにより、圧密化しつつある濾過層を効果的
に剥離除去することができる。しかも、本発明では、こ
の濾過体の洗浄は、濾過を継続したまま行うため、装置
構成の複雑化、処理操作の煩雑化を引き起こすことはな
い。即ち、濾過を継続した状態で濾過体の洗浄を行う
と、濾過層が剥離し、濾過性能が低下した濾過体を生物
処理水が通過するため、得られる濾過水の水質は低下す
ることになるが、本発明では、複数の濾過体のうちの一
部のみを洗浄するため、得られる処理水は、洗浄により
水質の低下した濾過水と、洗浄を行っていない濾過体か
ら得られる高水質の濾過水との混合水となる。このた
め、濾過を継続したまま濾過体の洗浄を行っても、処理
水の水質が大きく低下することはない。このようなこと
から、本発明によれば、濾過層の圧密化による濾過速度
の低下を容易に防止することができる。In the present invention, a gas is supplied from a vent pipe provided below the filter, and the filter is exposed to a scavenging stream of a gas-liquid mixed flow, thereby effectively separating the consolidating filter layer. Can be removed. In addition, in the present invention, the washing of the filter body is performed while the filtration is continued, so that the apparatus configuration does not become complicated and the processing operation does not become complicated. That is, when the filter is washed while the filtration is continued, the filtration layer is peeled off, and the biological treatment water passes through the filter having reduced filtration performance, so that the quality of the obtained filtered water is reduced. However, in the present invention, to wash only a part of the plurality of filter bodies, the resulting treated water is filtered water whose water quality has been reduced by washing, and high water quality obtained from a filter body that has not been washed. It becomes mixed water with filtered water. For this reason, even if the filtration body is washed while the filtration is continued, the quality of the treated water does not significantly decrease. For this reason, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily prevent a decrease in the filtration speed due to the consolidation of the filtration layer.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に図面を参照して本発明の実
施の形態を説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１９】図１（ａ）は本発明の生物処理方法の実施
に好適な生物処理装置の一例を示す断面図であり、図１
（ｂ）は図１（ａ）のＢ−Ｂ線に沿う断面図である。な
お、図１において、図４に示すものと同一機能を奏する
部材には同一符号を付してある。FIG. 1A is a sectional view showing an example of a biological treatment apparatus suitable for carrying out the biological treatment method of the present invention.
FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. In FIG. 1, members having the same functions as those shown in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
【００２０】図１に示す生物処理装置は、３個の濾過体
３（３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ）を並設し、各濾過体３Ａ〜３Ｃ
から各々処理水排出管４Ａ，４Ｂ，４Ｃを経て処理水を
取り出すようにし、また、各濾過体３Ａ〜３Ｃの下方に
各々、通気管１０（１０Ａ，１０Ｂ，１０Ｃ）を設けた
ものである。その他は、図４に示す従来装置と同様に構
成されている。The biological treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 1 has three filter bodies 3 (3A, 3B, 3C) arranged side by side, and each of the filter bodies 3A to 3C.
And treated water is taken out through treated water discharge pipes 4A, 4B and 4C, respectively, and a vent pipe 10 (10A, 10B, 10C) is provided below each of the filter bodies 3A to 3C. Otherwise, the configuration is the same as that of the conventional device shown in FIG.
【００２１】本実施例においては、生物反応に必要な酸
素は、生物反応槽１の中間の深さ位置に設けられた散気
管２より供給し、各通気管１０からは、各濾過体３の洗
浄用のガスを供給する。通気管１０Ａ〜１０Ｃからのガ
ス供給の切り換えは、各バルブＶ（ＶA ，ＶB ，ＶC ）
の開閉により行う。In the present embodiment, oxygen required for a biological reaction is supplied from an air diffuser 2 provided at an intermediate depth in the biological reaction tank 1, and from each aeration pipe 10, a filter 3 is provided. Supply gas for cleaning. Switching of gas supply from the ventilation pipes 10A to 10C is performed by each valve V (V A , V B , V C ).
Opening and closing is performed.
【００２２】なお、散気管１０は、生物反応槽１の中間
の深さ位置に設けられているため、一般的な中圧ブロワ
により、十分に散気を行うことができるが、通気管１０
は生物反応槽１の底部に設けられているため、この水深
圧よりも大きい吐出圧力の高圧ブロワを用いてガス供給
を行う必要がある。Since the air diffuser 10 is provided at an intermediate depth of the biological reaction tank 1, air can be sufficiently diffused by a general medium pressure blower.
Since is provided at the bottom of the biological reaction tank 1, it is necessary to supply gas using a high-pressure blower having a discharge pressure larger than the water depth pressure.
【００２３】本実施例においては、生物反応槽１に原水
を供給すると共に、散気管２から空気等の酸素含有ガス
を散気して、生物処理を行い、生物処理液を各濾過体３
で濾過し、前述の如く、水頭差ΔＨによる濾過駆動力で
濾過水を処理水として各排出管４より処理水槽５に取り
出す。In the present embodiment, raw water is supplied to the biological reaction tank 1 and oxygen-containing gas such as air is diffused from the air diffuser 2 to carry out biological treatment.
As described above, filtered water is taken out from each discharge pipe 4 into the treated water tank 5 as treated water by the filtration driving force based on the head difference ΔH.
【００２４】そして、このような生物処理及び濾過を行
いながら、順次濾過体３の洗浄を行う。Then, the filter body 3 is sequentially washed while performing such biological treatment and filtration.
【００２５】即ち、まず、バルブＶA を開として通気管
１０Ａより曝気を行うことにより、濾過体３Ａの濾布表
面の濾過層を気液混合流の掃流で洗浄除去する。That is, first, the valve VA is opened and aeration is performed through the ventilation pipe 10A, whereby the filtration layer on the surface of the filter cloth of the filter body 3A is washed and removed by the sweeping of the gas-liquid mixed flow.
【００２６】このような濾過体３Ａの洗浄を行った後
は、バルブＶA を閉じて通気管１０Ａからの曝気を止
め、直ちに、或いは、所定時間経過後にバルブＶB を開
として通気管１０Ｂからの曝気を行って、上記と同様に
濾過体３Ｂの洗浄を行う。[0026] After performing the cleaning of such filter body 3A, stop aeration from the vent pipe 10A by closing the valve V A, immediately or from the vent pipe 10B of the valve V B is opened after a predetermined time has elapsed Is performed, and the filter body 3B is washed in the same manner as described above.
【００２７】そして、濾過体３Ｂの洗浄を行った後は、
バルブＶB を閉じて通気管１０Ｂからの曝気を止め、直
ちに、或いは、所定時間経過後に、バルブＶC を開とし
て通気管１０Ｃからの曝気を行って、上記と同様に濾過
体３Ｃの洗浄を行う。After washing the filter body 3B,
Stopping aeration from the vent pipe 10B closes the valve V B, immediately or after a predetermined time has elapsed, performing aeration from the vent tube 10C of the valve V C is opened, the washing in the same manner as described above filter body 3C Do.
【００２８】濾過体３Ｃの洗浄後は、バルブＶC を閉じ
て通気管１０Ｃからの曝気を止め、直ちに、或いは、所
定時間経過後に、バルブＶA を開として通気管１０Ａか
らの曝気を行って、濾過体３Ａの洗浄を行う。[0028] After washing of the filter body 3C is stopped aeration from the vent tube 10C by closing the valve V C, immediately or after a predetermined time has elapsed, performing aeration from the vent tube 10A of the valve V A is opened Then, the filter body 3A is washed.
【００２９】以降は同様に、濾過体３Ｂ→濾過体３Ｃ→
濾過体３Ａ→濾過体３Ｂ→濾過体３Ｃ→……という順
で、順次洗浄を行う濾過体を切り換えてゆく。なお、こ
の間、濾過体３Ａ〜３Ｃからの濾過水の取り出しは停止
することなく継続する。Subsequently, similarly, the filter 3B → the filter 3C →
The filter to be washed is sequentially switched in the order of the filter 3A → the filter 3B → the filter 3C →. During this time, the removal of the filtered water from the filter bodies 3A to 3C continues without stopping.
【００３０】このように、本発明では、濾過を継続しな
がら濾過体の洗浄を行うため、濾過層が一時的に剥離さ
れた状態の洗浄中の濾過体からも生物処理水が排出され
ることになる。このため、この洗浄中の濾過体から得ら
れる濾過水の水質は低下する。しかし、濾過体の洗浄
は、各時点では、複数個の濾過体の内の一部だけを対象
として行われるため、洗浄が行われていない濾過体から
の清浄な濾過水と混合されることにより、全体的な処理
水水質の低下は小さく抑えられる。As described above, in the present invention, since the filter body is washed while the filtration is continued, the biologically treated water is discharged from the filter body being washed in a state where the filter layer is temporarily separated. become. For this reason, the quality of the filtered water obtained from the filter during the washing is reduced. However, since the washing of the filter body is performed only at a part of the plurality of filter bodies at each time, by being mixed with clean filtered water from the filter body that has not been washed. In addition, the deterioration of the overall treated water quality is kept small.
【００３１】本発明において、このような濾過体の濾過
層の剥離洗浄は、濾過層が圧密化する前に行うのが好ま
しく、生物反応槽内の汚泥性状や汚泥濃度等によっても
異なるが、一般的には、各濾過体について、通水１〜２
４時間毎に１回の割合で定期的に行うのが好ましい。In the present invention, it is preferable to carry out the separation and washing of the filter layer of the filter before the filter layer is compacted, and it depends on the sludge properties and the sludge concentration in the biological reaction tank. Specifically, for each filter, water flow is 1-2.
It is preferable to perform the process periodically at a rate of once every four hours.
【００３２】この剥離洗浄時間、剥離洗浄のための通気
量は、濾過体の濾過層を剥離できるような条件であれば
良く、剥離洗浄時間については通常の場合各濾過体毎に
１〜６０分程度とされる。このとき、各濾過体の下方に
設けられた通気管からの通気量は、濾過体３の表面積１
ｍ2 当り０．１〜２ｍ3 ／ｍ2 ・Ｈｒ程度とするのが好
ましい。The peeling cleaning time and the amount of ventilation for peeling and cleaning may be any conditions under which the filter layer of the filter can be peeled off. The peeling and cleaning time is usually 1 to 60 minutes for each filter. Degree. At this time, the amount of ventilation from the ventilation pipe provided below each of the filter bodies is equal to the surface area 1 of the filter body 3.
It is preferable to set it to about 0.1 to 2 m 3 / m 2 · Hr per m 2 .
【００３３】なお、濾過体洗浄用のガスとしては、一般
的には空気を用いる。Air is generally used as a gas for washing the filter.
【００３４】本発明において、この濾過体の剥離洗浄
は、複数設けた濾過体の一部について行い、順次、剥離
洗浄を行う濾過体を切り換えてゆく。この剥離洗浄は複
数の濾過体のうちの２以上に対して同時に行っても良い
が、濾過体１個ずつを順次剥離洗浄するようにするのが
処理水水質の低下を小さく抑えることができるため、望
ましい。In the present invention, the cleaning of the filter is performed on a part of the plurality of filters, and the filter for which the cleaning is performed is sequentially switched. This peeling and washing may be performed simultaneously on two or more of the plurality of filter bodies. However, since the peeling and cleaning of each of the filter bodies one by one is possible, a decrease in the quality of treated water can be suppressed. ,desirable.
【００３５】この剥離洗浄時において、散気管からの散
気は継続していても良いが、通気管からのガス供給によ
る気液混合流（上昇流）で濾過体表面を円滑に掃流する
ためには、散気管からの散気によって下降流が濾過体設
置部分に生じないようにするために、剥離洗浄中は散気
管からの散気を停止するのが好ましい。ただし、この場
合には、通気管からの洗浄用ガスとして、空気等の酸素
含有ガスを用いる必要がある。At the time of this stripping cleaning, the air from the air diffuser may be continued. However, since the gas-liquid mixed flow (ascending flow) by the gas supply from the vent pipe smoothly sweeps the surface of the filter body. In order to prevent the downward flow from being generated in the filter body installation portion due to the air diffusion from the air diffuser, it is preferable to stop the air diffusion from the air diffuser during the stripping cleaning. However, in this case, it is necessary to use an oxygen-containing gas such as air as a cleaning gas from the ventilation pipe.
【００３６】なお、図１に示す装置は、本発明の実施に
好適な装置の一例を示すものであり、本発明は何ら図示
の態様に限定されるものではない。The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is an example of an apparatus suitable for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment.
【００３７】例えば、生物反応槽の形式には何ら制限は
なく、その他の形式のものでも良い。生物反応槽内の仕
切壁は必ずしも必要とされず、なくても良いが、図示の
如く、生物反応槽内の中央に仕切壁を設けることによ
り、循環流を安定に生成させることができる。また、か
かる生物反応槽は、有機物を分解する活性汚泥処理装置
の曝気槽であっても良く、窒素を除去する硝化槽であっ
ても良い。脱窒を行う場合、槽内に仕切壁を設け、例え
ば上流側を脱窒部、下流側を硝化部とすると共に、硝化
部から脱窒部への返送配管を設け、硝化部に濾過体を設
けて処理水を取り出すようにすることもできる。For example, the type of the biological reaction tank is not limited at all, and other types may be used. The partition wall in the biological reaction tank is not necessarily required and may be omitted. However, as shown in the figure, by providing the partition wall in the center of the biological reaction tank, a circulating flow can be generated stably. Further, such a biological reaction tank may be an aeration tank of an activated sludge treatment apparatus that decomposes organic substances, or a nitrification tank that removes nitrogen. When performing denitrification, a partition wall is provided in the tank, for example, a denitrification section is provided on the upstream side, and a nitrification section is provided on the downstream side, and a return pipe is provided from the nitrification section to the denitrification section. It can also be provided to take out treated water.
【００３８】本発明において、濾過体の数には特に制限
はないが、１０〜２０個程度とするのが、水質の防止及
び装置の大型化防止の面で好適である。In the present invention, the number of filtration bodies is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 10 to 20 in view of preventing water quality and preventing the apparatus from being enlarged.
【００３９】濾過体は、必ずしも図１に示す如く、同一
の生物反応槽内に設ける必要はなく、濾過体を設けた生
物反応槽を複数槽並設するようにしても良い。As shown in FIG. 1, the filter body does not necessarily need to be provided in the same biological reaction tank, and a plurality of biological reaction tanks provided with the filter bodies may be arranged in parallel.
【００４０】なお、本発明において、濾過体の濾布とし
ては不織布や織布を用いる。織布としては、表面を起毛
した織布が好ましい。不織布は、表面がほぼ平坦である
ので、表面でブリッジを形成し易く、汚泥粒子を効率的
に捕捉することができる。In the present invention, a non-woven fabric or a woven fabric is used as the filter cloth of the filter. As the woven cloth, a woven cloth whose surface is raised is preferable. Since the surface of the nonwoven fabric is substantially flat, a bridge is easily formed on the surface, and the sludge particles can be efficiently captured.
【００４１】また、濾布の厚さが過度に厚いと汚泥が濾
布内に蓄積して目詰りを起こす恐れがある。逆に、濾布
の厚さが薄過ぎると強度が低下し、破損し易くなる。こ
のため、濾布の厚さは０．１〜１ｍｍ程度であることが
好ましい。If the thickness of the filter cloth is excessively large, sludge may accumulate in the filter cloth and cause clogging. Conversely, if the thickness of the filter cloth is too small, the strength is reduced and the filter cloth is easily broken. Therefore, the thickness of the filter cloth is preferably about 0.1 to 1 mm.
【００４２】本発明で用いる濾布は、汚泥粒子が通過し
得るものであるが、具体的には、分離粒径（分離される
汚泥粒子の大きさ）１０μｍ以上、特に３０〜１０００
μｍの孔を有するものが好ましい。The filter cloth used in the present invention is capable of passing sludge particles. Specifically, the filter cloth has a separation particle size (size of sludge particles to be separated) of 10 μm or more, particularly 30 to 1000.
Those having pores of μm are preferred.
【００４３】なお、濾布を構成する繊維の材質としては
特に制限はなく、銅等の金属繊維や、ポリエステル、ポ
リプロピレン等の高分子繊維を用いることができる。The material of the fibers constituting the filter cloth is not particularly limited, and metal fibers such as copper and polymer fibers such as polyester and polypropylene can be used.
【００４４】[0044]
【実施例】以下に実施例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に
説明する。The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples.
【００４５】実施例１ 図３に示す実験装置により、魚肉エキスを主成分とする
合成下水の生物処理を行った。Example 1 The biological treatment of synthetic sewage containing a fish meat extract as a main component was carried out using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG.
【００４６】図３において、２１は原水槽、２２は生物
反応槽、２３は濾過体、２４は通気管、２５は散気管、
２６は仕切壁、２７は沈殿槽、Ｐ1 ，Ｐ2 はポンプ、Ｂ
はブロワ、Ｖ1 ，Ｖ2 はバルブである。３１〜３５は配
管を示す。In FIG. 3, 21 is a raw water tank, 22 is a biological reaction tank, 23 is a filter, 24 is a vent pipe, 25 is a diffuser pipe,
26 is a partition wall, 27 is a sedimentation tank, P 1 and P 2 are pumps, B
Is a blower, and V 1 and V 2 are valves. Reference numerals 31 to 35 denote pipes.
【００４７】原水槽２１内の合成下水は、ポンプＰ1 を
備える配管３１より生物反応槽２２に流入する。生物反
応槽２２内は、ブロワＢにより散気管２５から散気が行
われている。生物処理水は、濾過体２３で濾過され配管
３２より抜き出される。この生物反応槽２２のオーバー
フロー水は配管３３より抜き出され、沈殿槽２７で固液
分離され、分離された汚泥はポンプＰ2 を備える配管３
４より生物反応槽２２に戻され、分離液は３５より排出
される。この固液分離手段は生物反応槽の水位を一定に
保つために設けられている。[0047] Synthesis sewage raw water tank 21 flows from line 31 with a pump P 1 in the bioreactor 22. The inside of the biological reaction tank 22 is diffused by the blower B from the diffuser tube 25. The biological treatment water is filtered by the filter 23 and extracted from the pipe 32. Overflow water of the bioreactor 22 is withdrawn from the pipe 33, is solid-liquid separated in the precipitation tank 27, the separated sludge comprises a pump P 2 pipe 3
The liquid is returned to the biological reaction tank 22 from 4 and the separated liquid is discharged from 35. The solid-liquid separation means is provided to keep the water level of the biological reaction tank constant.
【００４８】この実験装置において、合成下水を流入Ｂ
ＯＤ量が３００ｍｇ／Ｌとなるように生物反応槽２２に
導入した。生物反応槽２２のＭＬＳＳは約４０００ｍｇ
／Ｌに維持し、ＢＯＤ−ＳＳ負荷は０．１５ｋｇ／ｋｇ
・日とした。In this experimental apparatus, synthetic sewage was introduced B
It was introduced into the biological reaction tank 22 so that the OD amount was 300 mg / L. The MLSS of the biological reaction tank 22 is about 4000 mg.
/ L, BOD-SS load is 0.15kg / kg
・ It was a day.
【００４９】生物反応槽２２内に設けた濾過体２３の有
効面積は０．４ｍ3 で、濾布としては、ユニチカ製ポリ
エステル不織布（品番２０１５７ ＷＴＤ，目付量１５
ｇ／ｍ2 ，分離粒径１００μｍ，厚さ０．１１ｍｍ）を
用いた。濾過体２３の濾過水（処理水）は、６ｃｍの水
頭差を駆動圧として取り出した。The effective area of the filter 23 provided in the biological reaction tank 22 is 0.4 m 3 , and the filter cloth is a polyester non-woven fabric made by Unitika (product number 20157 WTD, basis weight 15
g / m 2 , separated particle size 100 μm, thickness 0.11 mm). The filtered water (treated water) of the filter 23 was taken out with a head difference of 6 cm as a driving pressure.
【００５０】通水開始から７日間は、濾過体の洗浄操作
を行わずに処理を継続した。その結果、濾過速度は初期
の０．７ｍ／日から０．２ｍ／日まで徐々に低下した。For 7 days from the start of water passage, the treatment was continued without performing the washing operation of the filter. As a result, the filtration speed gradually decreased from the initial 0.7 m / day to 0.2 m / day.
【００５１】そこで、２４時間通水を停止して通気管２
４から４．４ｍ3 ／Ｈｒで曝気を行って濾過体２３の濾
過層の剥離洗浄を行った後、通気管２４の曝気を停止し
て通水を再開したところ、濾過速度は初期の０．７ｍ／
日まで回復した。その後、１日に１回の頻度で濾過を継
続した状態で通気管２４からの曝気による濾過体２３の
濾過層の剥離洗浄を１時間行ったところ、濾過速度０．
７ｍ／日を安定に維持することができた。Therefore, the water supply was stopped for 24 hours and the ventilation pipe 2
After performing aeration at 4 to 4.4 m 3 / Hr to peel off and wash the filtration layer of the filter 23, the aeration of the ventilation pipe 24 was stopped and water flow was resumed. 7m /
Recovered until the day. Thereafter, the filter layer of the filter body 23 was peeled off and washed for 1 hour by aeration from the ventilation pipe 24 in a state where the filtration was continued once a day.
7 m / day could be maintained stably.
【００５２】なお、濾過体２３の濾過層の剥離洗浄に当
っては散気管２５からの散気は停止した。When the filter layer of the filter 23 was peeled off and washed, the air diffusion from the air diffuser 25 was stopped.
【００５３】この実験における濾過速度の経時変化は図
３に示す通りであり、濾過体の濾過層を間欠的に剥離洗
浄することで、高い濾過速度を安定に維持することがで
きることが確認された。The time-dependent change in the filtration rate in this experiment is as shown in FIG. 3, and it was confirmed that a high filtration rate can be stably maintained by intermittently peeling and washing the filter layer of the filter. .
【００５４】上記と同様の濾過体を１０個並設し、各濾
過体から濾過水を取り出すようにすると共に、同様の洗
浄頻度で各濾過体の洗浄を１個ずつ順次切り換えて行う
ようにして、同様に処理を行ったところ、合成下水の水
質（ＢＯＤ：３００ｍｇ／Ｌ）に対して、すべての濾過
体について洗浄を行っていない場合の処理水の水質はＢ
ＯＤ：約５ｍｇ／Ｌ、濾過体のうちの１個を洗浄中の処
理水の水質はＢＯＤ：１０〜２０ｍｇ／Ｌであった。こ
の結果から、洗浄中に濾過を継続していても、洗浄によ
る処理水の水質の低下はごくわずかであることが確認さ
れた。[0054] Ten filter bodies similar to those described above are juxtaposed, and filtered water is taken out from each filter body. At the same washing frequency, each filter body is sequentially washed one by one. When the same treatment was performed, the quality of the treated sewage was 300 mg / L (BOD: 300 mg / L).
The OD was about 5 mg / L, and the quality of the treated water during washing one of the filters was BOD: 10 to 20 mg / L. From this result, it was confirmed that even if the filtration was continued during the washing, the decrease in the quality of the treated water due to the washing was very slight.
【００５５】[0055]
【発明の効果】以上詳述した通り、本発明の生物処理方
法によれば、槽内に濾過体を浸漬配置した生物反応槽
で、生物処理及び濾過を行う生物処理に当り、処理を停
止することなく、濾過体に付着した濾過層を容易に剥離
除去することにより、濾過層の圧密化による濾過速度の
低下を防止することができ、長期にわたり安定かつ効果
的な生物処理を継続することができる。As described above in detail, according to the biological treatment method of the present invention, the biological treatment for performing biological treatment and filtration is stopped in the biological reaction tank in which the filter is immersed in the tank. Without easily removing the filter layer attached to the filter body, it is possible to prevent a decrease in filtration rate due to the compaction of the filter layer, and to continue stable and effective biological treatment for a long period of time. it can.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図１】図１（ａ）は本発明の実施に好適な生物処理装
置の一実施例を示す断面図、図１（ｂ）は図１（ａ）の
Ｂ−Ｂ線に沿う断面図である。FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a biological treatment apparatus suitable for carrying out the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 1A. is there.
【図２】実施例１で用いた実験装置を示す系統図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing an experimental apparatus used in Example 1.
【図３】実施例１における濾過速度の経時変化を示すグ
ラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing a change over time in a filtration rate in Example 1.
【図４】従来例を示す断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional example.
１ 生物反応槽 ２ 散気管 ３，３Ａ，３Ｂ，３Ｃ 濾過体 ４，４Ａ，４Ｂ，４Ｃ 処理水排出管 ５ 処理水槽 ６ 仕切壁 １０，１０Ａ，１０Ｂ，１０Ｃ 通気管 ２１ 原水槽 ２２ 生物反応槽 ２３ 濾過体 ２４ 通気管 ２５ 散気管 ２７ 沈殿槽 Reference Signs List 1 biological reaction tank 2 diffuser pipe 3, 3A, 3B, 3C filter body 4, 4A, 4B, 4C treated water discharge pipe 5 treated water tank 6 partition wall 10, 10A, 10B, 10C ventilation pipe 21 raw water tank 22 biological reaction tank 23 Filtration body 24 Ventilation pipe 25 Diffusion pipe 27 Sedimentation tank
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (73)特許権者 000006655 新日本製鐵株式会社 東京都千代田区大手町２丁目６番３号 (73)特許権者 000005083 日立金属株式会社 東京都港区芝浦一丁目２番１号 (72)発明者 大同 均 東京都新宿区西新宿二丁目８番１号 東 京都下水道局内 (72)発明者 田島 規行 東京都新宿区西新宿二丁目８番１号 東 京都下水道局内 (72)発明者 岩崎 邦博 東京都新宿区西新宿３丁目４番７号 栗 田工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 澤田 繁樹 東京都新宿区西新宿３丁目４番７号 栗 田工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 福永 和久 千葉県富津市新富20−１ 新日本製鐵株 式會社内 (72)発明者 坂田 守生 東京都千代田区大手町二丁目６番３号 新日本製鐵株式會社内 (72)発明者 長谷川 哲夫 埼玉県熊谷市三ヶ尻5200番地 日立金属 株式会社内 (72)発明者 永井 睦郎 埼玉県熊谷市三ヶ尻5200番地 日立金属 株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平５−7886（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−185271（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−106167（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平８−10787（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平10−128373（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平10−128372（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C02F 3/12 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (73) Patent holder 000006655 Nippon Steel Corporation 2-3-6 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (73) Patent holder 000005083 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. 1-chome, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 2-1 No. 1 (72) Inventor Hitoshi Daido 2-8-1, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside the Sewerage Bureau, Tokyo (72) Inventor Noriyuki Tajima 2-1-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Tokyo Sewerage Bureau (72) Inventor Kunihiro Iwasaki 3-4-7 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeki Sawada 3-4-1-7 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuhisa Fukunaga 20-1 Shintomi, Futtsu-shi, Chiba Nippon Steel Corporation In-house (72) Inventor Morio Sakata 2-3-6 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nippon Steel Corporation In-house (72) Inventor Tetsuo Hasegawa 5200, Sankajiri, Kumagaya-shi, Saitama Prefecture Inside Hitachi Metals Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mutsuro Nagai 5200, Sankajiri, Kumagaya-shi, Saitama Prefecture Inside Hitachi Metals Co., Ltd. 7886 (JP, A) JP-A-7-185271 (JP, A) JP-A-6-106167 (JP, A) JP-A-8-10787 (JP, A) JP-A-10-128373 (JP, A) JP-A-10-128372 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C02F 3/12
Claims (1)
に設置された、生物反応に必要な酸素を供給するための
散気管と、該生物反応槽内の他側部に設置された濾過体
と、該生物反応槽内の該濾過体の下方に設けられた濾過
体洗浄用のガスを供給するための通気管とを備える生物
反応装置であって、 該濾過体を構成する濾布は、活性汚泥粒子を通過させる
ものであるが、該濾布の表面に活性汚泥粒子の付着物層
を形成させて濾過を行う 生物反応装置に原水を供給し、
前記濾過体の濾過水を処理水として取り出す生物処理方
法において、 該生物反応装置に複数の濾過体を設け、各濾過体の下方
にそれぞれ前記通気管を配置し、 すべての濾過体から濾過水を取り出しながら一部の前記
通気管にガスを供給して該通気管の上方の濾過体につい
て前記付着物層の剥離を行うようにした生物処理方法で
あって、 ガスを供給する通気管を順次に切り替えるようにしたこ
とを特徴とする生物処理方法。1. A biological reaction tank and one side in the biological reaction tank
For supplying oxygen necessary for biological reactions
A diffuser tube and a filter installed on the other side of the biological reaction tank
And a filtration provided below the filter in the biological reaction tank.
A ventilation pipe for supplying gas for body washingCreature
A reactor, The filter cloth constituting the filter body allows activated sludge particles to pass through.
The filter cloth has a layer of adhering activated sludge particles on its surface.
To form and filter Supplying raw water to the biological reactor,
Biological treatment method for extracting filtered water from the filter as treated water
In the method, a plurality of filters are provided in the bioreactor, and each filter is provided below each filter.
The above-mentioned vent pipes are arranged respectively, and a part of the above-mentioned
Gas is supplied to the ventilation pipe to attach the filter above the ventilation pipe to the filter.
handSaidAdhesionobjectBiological treatment method to peel off the layer
So that the gas supply pipes are switched sequentially.
And a biological treatment method characterized by the following.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28520796A JP3204125B2 (en) | 1996-10-28 | 1996-10-28 | Biological treatment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28520796A JP3204125B2 (en) | 1996-10-28 | 1996-10-28 | Biological treatment method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10128374A JPH10128374A (en) | 1998-05-19 |
| JP3204125B2 true JP3204125B2 (en) | 2001-09-04 |
Family
ID=17688496
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28520796A Expired - Fee Related JP3204125B2 (en) | 1996-10-28 | 1996-10-28 | Biological treatment method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3204125B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3721092B2 (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2005-11-30 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Solid-liquid separation method and apparatus for activated sludge |
| JP3813471B2 (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2006-08-23 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Fluid removal object removal apparatus and removal object removal method using the same |
| JP4588043B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2010-11-24 | 株式会社クボタ | Membrane separation method and apparatus |
| JP2012096125A (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2012-05-24 | Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd | Membrane-separation-type activated sludge process equipment and method for the same |
| JP5743095B2 (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2015-07-01 | Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 | Membrane separation activated sludge equipment |
-
1996
- 1996-10-28 JP JP28520796A patent/JP3204125B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH10128374A (en) | 1998-05-19 |
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