JP3199467B2 - Glass surface smoothing method - Google Patents
Glass surface smoothing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3199467B2 JP3199467B2 JP20043992A JP20043992A JP3199467B2 JP 3199467 B2 JP3199467 B2 JP 3199467B2 JP 20043992 A JP20043992 A JP 20043992A JP 20043992 A JP20043992 A JP 20043992A JP 3199467 B2 JP3199467 B2 JP 3199467B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- glass material
- glass
- support member
- heated
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B29/00—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins
- C03B29/02—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a discontinuous way
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B35/00—Transporting of glass products during their manufacture, e.g. hot glass lenses, prisms
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ガラス表面の平滑化方
法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for smoothing a glass surface.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、光学ガラス素材を加熱軟化さ
せ、型にてプレス成形して光学素子を得る方法が知られ
ている。この場合、ガラス素材の表面粗さが悪いと、成
形された光学素子が必要な光学特性を満足しない。通
常、表面粗さＲｍａｘ０．１μｍ以下が必要である。そ
のため、従来では、例えば特開昭６１−２５１５２６号
公報に開示されるような方法が採られている。これは、
断熱材で作った密閉可能な予熱炉内に支持体を介して受
台を配置し、この受台にて調寸したガラス素材の縁を支
持しながら予熱炉内を均等に加熱することにより、ガラ
ス素材のほとんどの面が加熱気体と触れることになり、
素材が加熱軟化され、表面粗さが小さくなって滑らかな
表面を持つガラス素材を得ることができるというもので
ある。2. Description of the Related Art In general, a method is known in which an optical glass material is heated and softened and press-molded in a mold to obtain an optical element. In this case, if the surface roughness of the glass material is poor, the molded optical element does not satisfy necessary optical characteristics. Usually, a surface roughness Rmax of 0.1 μm or less is required. Therefore, conventionally, a method as disclosed in, for example, JP-A-61-251526 has been adopted. this is,
By arranging the pedestal via a support in a sealable preheating furnace made of heat insulating material, and by uniformly heating the inside of the preheating furnace while supporting the rim of the sized glass material with this pedestal, Most surfaces of the glass material come into contact with the heated gas,
The material is heated and softened, the surface roughness is reduced, and a glass material having a smooth surface can be obtained.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記従来の方
法では、ガラス素材の全体をガラス軟化点よりも高い温
度に加熱し、また図４に示すように、ガラス素材１の縁
を支持部材２により支持するので、ガラス素材１がその
自重によりたわみ変形を生じる。そのために、プレス変
形時の変形量が大きくなって光学性能を満足する形状が
得にくくなるという問題があった。However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, the whole glass material is heated to a temperature higher than the glass softening point, and as shown in FIG. Therefore, the glass material 1 bends and deforms due to its own weight. For this reason, there has been a problem that the deformation amount during press deformation becomes large and it is difficult to obtain a shape satisfying the optical performance.
【０００４】また、従来の方法では、ガラス素材１とガ
ラス素材１を支持する支持部材２とが同時に加熱される
ため、支持部材２の温度が高くなってしまい、ガラス素
材１と支持部材２とが融着したり、あるいは支持部材２
との接触部近傍でガラスに泡やくもりが生じたりすると
いう欠点も生じた。In the conventional method, since the glass material 1 and the supporting member 2 supporting the glass material 1 are simultaneously heated, the temperature of the supporting member 2 increases, and the glass material 1 and the supporting member 2 are not heated. Is fused or the supporting member 2
There was also a disadvantage that bubbles and fogging occurred in the glass in the vicinity of the contact portion with the glass.
【０００５】本発明は、かかる従来の問題点に鑑みてな
されたもので、ガラス素材に大きな変形を生じることな
く、また、ガラスに泡やくもりが生じたり、ガラス素材
とその支持部材との融着が生じたりすることなく、効率
よくガラス素材の表面を平滑化させるガラス表面の平滑
化方法を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and does not cause large deformation of the glass material, generates bubbles or cloudiness in the glass, or melts the glass material and its supporting member. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for smoothing a glass surface, which efficiently smoothes the surface of a glass material without causing adhesion.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に、本発明は、ガラス表面を平滑化するにあたり、赤外
線透過材料にて形成した支持部材によりガラス素材をそ
の下面にて支持し、赤外光にて前記ガラス素材を加熱す
ることにより、前記ガラス素材の表面粗さをＲｍａｘ
０．１μｍ以下にすることとした。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method of smoothing a glass surface by supporting a glass material on a lower surface thereof by a supporting member formed of an infrared transmitting material. By heating the glass material with external light, the surface roughness of the glass material is reduced to Rmax.
The thickness was set to 0.1 μm or less.
【０００７】赤外光の波長は、加熱するガラス素材の吸
収特性を考慮して決めることが望ましい。一般には、
２．５μｍ以上のものを使用すると、効率よくガラスを
加熱することができる。It is desirable that the wavelength of the infrared light be determined in consideration of the absorption characteristics of the glass material to be heated. Generally,
When the glass having a thickness of 2.5 μm or more is used, the glass can be efficiently heated.
【０００８】赤外線透過材料としては、加熱に使用する
赤外線の波長にて１００％透過するものが望ましいが、
実用上は、７０％以上の透過率であれば、問題はない。
具体的には、ＣａＦ2 、ＬｉＦ、ＢａＦ2 、ＭｇＦ2 等
のフッ化物、ＮａＣｌ、ＡｇＣｌ、ＫＣｌ等の塩化物、
ＫＢｒ、ＣｓＢｒ等の臭化物や、ＺｎＳｅ、Ｇｅ、Ｍｇ
Ｏ、サファイア等の中から選択すれば良い。As the infrared transmitting material, a material that transmits 100% at the wavelength of the infrared light used for heating is desirable.
In practice, there is no problem if the transmittance is 70% or more.
Specifically, fluorides such as CaF 2 , LiF, BaF 2 , and MgF 2 ; chlorides such as NaCl, AgCl, and KCl;
Bromide such as KBr, CsBr, ZnSe, Ge, Mg
What is necessary is just to select from O, sapphire, etc.
【０００９】また、支持部材の厚みは、透過率を高める
ためにできるだけ薄く設計することが望ましい。The thickness of the supporting member is desirably designed to be as thin as possible in order to increase the transmittance.
【００１０】[0010]
【作用】上記構成のガラス表面の平滑化方法によれば、
支持部材にてガラス素材の下面を支持しながら加熱する
ので、自重によるたわみ変形を生じることがない。した
がって、プレス成形時の変形量が小さくて済むので成形
性に優れる。また、ガラスを赤外光にて加熱し、赤外線
透過材料にてガラスを支持すれば、ガラス素材のみ高温
になり、支持部材は加熱されずに低温に保たれるので、
融着、泡、くもり等を生じることがない。According to the glass surface smoothing method having the above structure,
Since the heating is performed while the lower surface of the glass material is supported by the supporting member, no bending deformation due to its own weight occurs. Therefore, the amount of deformation at the time of press molding can be small, and the moldability is excellent. Also, if the glass is heated with infrared light and the glass is supported with an infrared transmitting material, only the glass material will be at a high temperature, and the supporting member will be kept at a low temperature without being heated,
There is no fusing, bubbles, or clouding.
【００１１】なお、支持部材は、赤外光によってはほと
んど加熱されないが、実際にはガラス素材との接触によ
ってガラス素材の熱が支持部材に伝わり、支持部材の温
度が徐々に上昇していく。ガラス素材の熱伝導率は非常
に小さく、またガラス素材に対してはその上面より赤外
線を照射する場合、図２に示すように、赤外線にて加熱
されたガラス素材の表面部の温度が、ガラス素材の支持
部材との接触面であるガラス素材の下面に達して、ガラ
ス下面の温度が上昇するには時間がかかる。したがっ
て、加熱の時間が短時間であれば、支持部材の温度の上
昇は無視できる。Although the support member is hardly heated by the infrared light, the heat of the glass material is actually transmitted to the support member by contact with the glass material, and the temperature of the support member gradually increases. The thermal conductivity of the glass material is very small, and when the glass material is irradiated with infrared rays from the upper surface, as shown in FIG. It takes time to reach the lower surface of the glass material, which is the contact surface of the material with the support member, and to raise the temperature of the glass lower surface. Therefore, if the heating time is short, the rise in the temperature of the support member can be ignored.
【００１２】また、長時間の加熱が必要な場合には、支
持部材への熱伝達を抑制するために支持部材に振動や回
転を加えたり、また支持部材を冷却したりする必要があ
る。支持部材を縦に振動させることにより、ガラス素材
は支持部材より浮き上がり、これによってガラス素材が
支持部材に接触する時間が短くなり、ガラス素材が支持
部材に融着するのを防ぐことができる。また、支持部材
を横に振動させることにより、ガラス素材を支持部材に
対して摺動させ、ガラス素材が支持部材に融着するのを
防ぐことができる。さらに、支持部材を回転させること
により、ガラス素材を支持部材に対して摺動させ、ガラ
ス素材が支持部材に融着するのを防ぐことができる。す
なわち、支持部材の温度をガラスの軟化点に相当する温
度以下に保てば、融着、泡、くもり等の問題は生じな
い。When long-time heating is required, it is necessary to apply vibration or rotation to the support member or to cool the support member in order to suppress heat transfer to the support member. By vibrating the support member vertically, the glass material is lifted up from the support member, thereby shortening the contact time of the glass material with the support member and preventing the glass material from being fused to the support member. Further, by vibrating the support member laterally, the glass material can be slid with respect to the support member, and the glass material can be prevented from being fused to the support member. Further, by rotating the support member, the glass material can be slid with respect to the support member, and the glass material can be prevented from being fused to the support member. That is, if the temperature of the supporting member is maintained at a temperature equal to or lower than the temperature corresponding to the softening point of glass, problems such as fusion, bubbles, and clouding do not occur.
【００１３】なお、本発明の方法は、成形用ガラス素材
の表面の平滑化のみに限らず、ガラスの加熱方法等とし
て広範囲な応用が可能である。The method of the present invention can be applied not only to the smoothing of the surface of a glass material for molding but also to a wide range of methods such as a method for heating glass.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例１】図１は、本発明の実施例１を示すもので、
平板状の支持部材３はＫＢｒにより形成されており、そ
の厚さは３ｍｍである。この支持部材３上に薄肉円柱形
状のガラス素材（ガラスペレット）４を載置した。ガラ
ス素材４の材質はＳＦ系の光学ガラスであり、その表面
粗度はＲｍａｘ１．１μｍである。このようにセットし
たガラス素材４に対し、波長４μｍ前後の赤外光５を上
方から照射して加熱した。ここに、ＫＢｒの赤外線透過
率は、波長４μｍでおよそ８５％である。FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
The flat support member 3 is formed of KBr and has a thickness of 3 mm. A thin cylindrical glass material (glass pellet) 4 was placed on the support member 3. The material of the glass material 4 is SF-based optical glass, and its surface roughness is Rmax1.1 μm. The glass material 4 set as described above was irradiated with infrared light 5 having a wavelength of about 4 μm from above and heated. Here, the infrared transmittance of KBr is about 85% at a wavelength of 4 μm.
【００１５】照射の結果、ガラス素材４の上面４ａはフ
ァイヤーポリッシュ面となり、表面粗度はＲｍａｘ０．
０２μｍまで向上した。また、ガラス素材４が支持部材
３に融着することもなかった。その後、ガラス素材４を
反転させて裏面も上記と同様にファイヤーポリッシュ面
とした。As a result of the irradiation, the upper surface 4a of the glass material 4 becomes a fire-polished surface, and the surface roughness is Rmax0.
Improved to 02 μm. Further, the glass material 4 was not fused to the support member 3. Thereafter, the glass material 4 was inverted, and the back surface was also made a fire-polished surface in the same manner as described above.
【００１６】このようにして製造したガラスを再度加熱
して一対の型間に搬送してプレス成形を行い、光学素子
を得た。その光学素子は、光学特性上の問題はなかっ
た。The glass thus produced was heated again, transported between a pair of dies, and pressed to obtain an optical element. The optical element had no problem in optical characteristics.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例２】上記実施例１の方法に加え、支持部材１の
下面から常温の空気を吹き付けて支持部材３を冷却し
た。Second Embodiment In addition to the method of the first embodiment, the support member 3 was cooled by blowing normal-temperature air from the lower surface of the support member 1.
【００１８】実施例１の方法では、赤外光５で支持部材
３が加熱されることはほとんどないが、ガラス素材４か
らの熱伝導によって支持部材３の温度は徐々に上昇して
いく。そのため、反転せずに、ガラス素材４の下面まで
ファイヤーポリッシュ面となるように十分に加熱する
と、融着が生じてしまう。本実施例では、支持部材３を
空冷して支持部材３の温度上昇を抑制することにより、
上面と下面とを同時に平滑化することができ、また融着
を防止できた。In the method of the first embodiment, the support member 3 is hardly heated by the infrared light 5, but the temperature of the support member 3 gradually increases due to heat conduction from the glass material 4. For this reason, if heating is performed sufficiently so that the lower surface of the glass material 4 becomes a fire-polished surface without inversion, fusion occurs. In the present embodiment, the support member 3 is air-cooled to suppress the temperature rise of the support member 3,
The upper surface and the lower surface could be smoothed simultaneously, and fusion could be prevented.
【００１９】なお、空冷でなく、水冷等であっても上記
と同様の効果が得られる。また、支持部材３の材質は、
ＫＢｒに限定されるものではなく、前述したような赤外
線透過材料であれば、同様の効果が得られる。さらに、
ガラス素材４の形態も上記実施例に限定されるものでは
なく、球面形状のものやボール形状あるいは円柱形状等
でもよく、側面の加熱であっても良い。It should be noted that the same effect as described above can be obtained even if air cooling is used instead of air cooling. The material of the support member 3 is
The present invention is not limited to KBr, and similar effects can be obtained with the infrared transmitting material as described above. further,
The form of the glass material 4 is not limited to the above embodiment, but may be a spherical shape, a ball shape, a cylindrical shape, or the like.
【００２０】[0020]
【実施例３】ＢＫ系の光学ガラス素材をカーブジェネレ
ータにより所望のレンズ形状に近似した曲率半径Ｒ４５
ｍｍに両面とも研削加工し、厚さ４ｍｍ、外径１６ｍｍ
とした。この研削加工面の表面粗さはＲｍａｘ２．５μ
ｍであった。そして、図３に示すように、ガラス素材６
をＢａＦ2 製の支持部材７上に載置した。支持部材７の
上面はガラス素材６を載置できるように曲率半径Ｒ４５
ｍｍに加工してある。このようにセットしたガラス素材
６に対し、波長３μｍ前後にピークを持つ赤外光８を上
方から照射した。Embodiment 3 A curvature radius R45 obtained by approximating a BK optical glass material to a desired lens shape using a curve generator.
Both sides are ground to 4 mm, thickness 4 mm, outer diameter 16 mm
And The surface roughness of the ground surface is Rmax2.5μ.
m. Then, as shown in FIG.
Was placed on a support member 7 made of BaF2. The upper surface of the support member 7 has a radius of curvature R45 so that the glass material 6 can be placed thereon.
mm. The glass material 6 set in this manner was irradiated with infrared light 8 having a peak at a wavelength of about 3 μm from above.
【００２１】照射の結果、ガラス素材６の上面はファイ
ヤーポリッシュ面となり、その表面粗さはＲｍａｘ０．
０３μｍまで向上した。次に、ガラス素材６を反転させ
て同様の操作を繰り返し、裏面も同様に平滑な面とし
た。As a result of the irradiation, the upper surface of the glass material 6 becomes a fire polished surface, and the surface roughness is Rmax0.
It improved to 03 μm. Next, the same operation was repeated by inverting the glass material 6, and the back surface was similarly made a smooth surface.
【００２２】このようにして製造したガラス素材６の形
状は、支持部材７により保持されていたために、研削加
工後の形状とほとんど変わることがなかった。また、支
持部材７との融着もなく、ガラス表面に泡やくもり等の
欠陥が生じることもなかった。Since the shape of the glass material 6 manufactured in this way was held by the support member 7, it hardly changed from the shape after grinding. In addition, there was no fusion with the support member 7, and no defects such as bubbles and fogging were generated on the glass surface.
【００２３】[0023]
【実施例４】上記実施例３の方法に加え、ガラス素材６
の下方からも赤外光８を照射した。また、支持部材７を
振幅１ｍｍに周波数５０Ｈｚで振動させた。Embodiment 4 In addition to the method of Embodiment 3, a glass material 6
Was irradiated with infrared light 8 also from below. The support member 7 was vibrated at an amplitude of 1 mm at a frequency of 50 Hz.
【００２４】本実施例４では、振動を加えることでガラ
ス素材６から支持部材７への熱伝達を抑制することがで
きた。その結果、融着、泡、くもり等の欠陥を生じるこ
となく、ガラス素材６の両面を一度に平滑化させること
ができた。また、ガラス素材６の形状の変化もほとんど
なかった。In the fourth embodiment, the transfer of heat from the glass material 6 to the support member 7 could be suppressed by applying vibration. As a result, both surfaces of the glass material 6 could be smoothed at once without causing defects such as fusion, bubbles, and cloudiness. Further, the shape of the glass material 6 was hardly changed.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明のガラス表面の平
滑化方法によれば、ガラス素材に変形を生じさせること
がなく、ガラス素材とその支持部材との融着や泡、くも
り等を生じさせることもなく、短時間で効率よくガラス
表面を平滑化することができる。As described above, according to the method for smoothing the glass surface of the present invention, the glass material is not deformed, and the glass material is fused with the supporting member, and bubbles and clouding are prevented. It is possible to efficiently smooth the glass surface in a short time without causing it.
【図１】本発明の実施例１を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】加熱時間によるガラス表面と支持部材との温度
変化を示すグラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing a change in temperature between a glass surface and a support member depending on a heating time.
【図３】本発明の実施例３を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】従来のガラス表面の平滑化方法を示す縦断面図
である。FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional glass surface smoothing method.
１、４、６ ガラス素材 ２、３、７ 支持部材 ５、８ 赤外光 1, 4, 6 Glass material 2, 3, 7 Support member 5, 8 Infrared light
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 小林 高志 東京都渋谷区幡ヶ谷２丁目43番２ オリ ンパス光学工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 龍山 昌信 東京都渋谷区幡ヶ谷２丁目43番２ オリ ンパス光学工業株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭61−251526（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−224118（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−178625（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−186230（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−286728（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C03B 9/00 - 17/06 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Takashi Kobayashi, Inventor Takashi Kobayashi 2-43-2, Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Inside Olympus Optical Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masanobu Ryuyama 2-43-2, Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Olympus (56) References JP-A-61-251526 (JP, A) JP-A-4-224118 (JP, A) JP-A-5-178625 (JP, A) JP-A-5-186230 ( JP, A) JP-A-5-286728 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C03B 9/00-17/06
Claims (1)
よりガラス素材をその下面にて支持し、赤外光にて前記
ガラス素材を加熱することにより、前記ガラス素材の表
面粗さをＲｍａｘ０．１μｍ以下にすることを特徴とす
るガラス表面の平滑化方法。1. A glass member is supported on its lower surface by a support member formed of an infrared transmitting material, and the glass material is heated by infrared light to reduce the surface roughness of the glass material to Rmax 0.1 μm. A method for smoothing a glass surface, characterized in that:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20043992A JP3199467B2 (en) | 1992-07-03 | 1992-07-03 | Glass surface smoothing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20043992A JP3199467B2 (en) | 1992-07-03 | 1992-07-03 | Glass surface smoothing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0624758A JPH0624758A (en) | 1994-02-01 |
| JP3199467B2 true JP3199467B2 (en) | 2001-08-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20043992A Expired - Fee Related JP3199467B2 (en) | 1992-07-03 | 1992-07-03 | Glass surface smoothing method |
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| JP (1) | JP3199467B2 (en) |
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| JP2015020930A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-02-02 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | Cover glass of medical treatment apparatus |
| KR102103864B1 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-04-23 | 한국광기술원 | Apparatus and Method for Producing Preforms of Lens |
| WO2023119767A1 (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-29 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Method for manufacturing optical element, and optical element |
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1992
- 1992-07-03 JP JP20043992A patent/JP3199467B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0624758A (en) | 1994-02-01 |
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