JP3196697U - Shaft casing - Google Patents

Abstract

There is provided a shaft casing capable of forming a strong and safe retaining wall of a vertical shaft easily and at low cost, and collecting material without remaining in the ground. A shaft casing includes a cylindrical casing main body, a horizontal pipe slit provided on a side surface from the lower end of the casing main body, and a slit closing member that is detachably attached to the horizontal pipe slit. The slit closing member is divided along the length direction of the horizontal tube slit, and the divided members 4a and 4b are provided with semicircular horizontal tube insertion notches 5a and 5b. ing. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

This invention relates to a shaft casing for forming a space in the ground where a construction such as installation of a buried pipe can be safely performed.

When installing a buried object, a shaft is dug to the installation depth, and the work is performed in the shaft. In order to prevent the earth and sand from collapsing into the mine during this work, it is necessary to install earth retaining members around it. As a method of constructing a simple shaft, lightweight steel sheet piles, liner plates, etc. are opened by excavation with a backhoe and are installed sequentially. However, as the depth increases, collapse of the natural ground tends to occur, making construction difficult and safe. There are also problems above.

Therefore, it is conceivable to prepare a cylindrical casing in advance and attach it to the ground to form a retaining wall. Patent Document 1 describes that a circular casing is buried in the ground by simultaneously performing an operation of digging inside the casing and applying a downward pressing force to the casing. Patent Documents 2 and 3 describe that a cutting blade (cutting edge) is provided at the lower end of a circular casing, and this is rotated and swung to be inserted into the ground. Further, in Patent Document 2, an opening is provided in the lower portion, a burying plate for closing the opening is attached, a hole is made in the burying plate, a propelling pipe is press-fitted, and the burying plate is separated when collecting the casing. It is described that the casing body is pulled up. Patent Document 3 also describes that a slit is formed at the lower end of the casing, and a closing plate for closing the slit is detachably attached.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-37695 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-21181 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-146382

In the conventional method of excavating and retaining a simple shaft using a simple sheet pile, there is a possibility of a disaster due to the collapse of a natural ground. In addition, it is necessary to secure a reaction force on the back surface due to the thrust of the propulsion unit in the propulsion work, and reinforcement is required for lightweight steel sheet piles and liner plates.

Furthermore, in order to connect a horizontal pipe to the built shaft, it is necessary to make a hole in a simple sheet pile or the like that constitutes the retaining wall and pass the horizontal pipe through the hole. If it carries out like this, since a simple sheet pile etc. and a horizontal pipe will be connected integrally, a simple sheet pile etc. cannot be collect | recovered after construction, but will remain in the ground. However, since such construction is often carried out on public roads, it is better not to leave unnecessary steel in the soil in consideration of subsequent construction. In addition, making the material disposable is not only a waste of resources, but also increases costs.

In the invention described in Patent Literature 1, a circular casing is prepared in advance, and the circular casing is buried in the ground by simultaneously performing the operation of digging the casing and applying a downward pressing force to the casing. Can be built easily. However, since the circular casing of Patent Document 1 is a mere cylindrical member, it is necessary to provide a hole in the side wall as in the case of a conventional simple sheet pile and to pass the horizontal tube through the hole in order to pass the horizontal tube. . Therefore, since the circular casing and the horizontal pipe are connected, the circular casing cannot be recovered after construction. Patent Document 1 describes that a circular casing is buried in the ground, but does not describe lifting, and the circular casing is left in the ground.

According to the invention of Patent Document 2, it is possible to lift the casing body by separating the buried plate through the propelling pipe when the casing is recovered. Therefore, the casing body can be reused. However, since the slaughter board cannot be recovered, the portion is wasted resources. Further, such a member remaining in the ground becomes an obstacle in later construction. Furthermore, it is necessary to attach a blade edge to the front end of the casing body, resulting in a complicated configuration. Equipment for rotating and swinging the casing is also required, which increases the scale of construction and the cost.

In the invention of Patent Document 3, as a closing plate that closes the slit, a circular plate that closes the attachment port of the tube and a belt-shaped member that closes the slit are described. When inserting the connecting pipe, remove the closing plate of the mounting opening. After the construction is completed, remove the slit closing plate. In this way, the earth retaining casing is pulled out. Also in this patent document 3, the installation for rotating and swinging this casing is also required, the construction scale is increased, and the cost is also increased.

An object of the present invention is to provide a shaft casing capable of forming a strong and safe retaining wall of a vertical shaft easily and at low cost, and capable of collecting material without remaining in the ground.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a shaft casing according to the present invention is detachably attached to a cylindrical casing body, a horizontal pipe slit provided on the side surface from the lower end of the casing main body, and a horizontal pipe slit of the casing main body. The slit closing member is divided along the length direction of the horizontal tube slit, and each divided member is provided with a semicircular horizontal tube insertion notch. ing. Furthermore, it is preferable to have an extension casing that is detachably mounted on the casing body in a cylindrical shape having the same diameter as the casing body, and an upper edge protection member that is attached to the upper edge of the casing body or extension casing.

The shaft casing of the present invention can be installed in the ground easily and at low cost, and a safe retaining wall for a shaft can be formed. Since a strong circular casing is embedded, the propulsion unit can be installed without considering the reaction force in the propulsion work. Moreover, all members can be collected and reused after construction, leaving no obstacles in the ground.

It is a front view which shows the casing for shafts. It is the same top view. It is a front view which shows a slit closing member. It is the same top view. It is a front view which shows a still water packing. It is a front view which shows an upper edge protection member. It is sectional drawing which shows the initial state of the installation operation | work of the casing for shafts. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the installation operation | work of the casing for shafts advanced. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which pushes a horizontal pipe. It is the same top view.

A mode for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a casing for shafts, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof. The shaft casing 1 includes a cylindrical casing body 2, a horizontal pipe slit 3 provided on the side surface from the lower end of the casing main body 2, and a slit closing member 4 detachably attached to the horizontal pipe slit 3 of the casing main body 2. And have. In this example, an extension casing 10 that is detachably mounted on the casing body 2 in a cylindrical shape having the same diameter as the casing body 2 is further provided.

The casing body 2 is a member constituting a main part of the shaft casing of the present invention, and is formed of a strong material such as a steel plate. The diameter is selected according to the space required for the construction, but those having a diameter of about 1360 to 3500 mm are particularly useful. For example, the thickness was 9 to 16 mm, and 12 mm was selected here.

The height of the casing body 2 is also selected in accordance with the shaft to be built. Although this depth may be covered only by the casing body 2, a plurality of extension casings 10 may be combined as in this example. At this time, if a plurality of extension casings 10 having different heights are prepared, the combinations can be applied to various depths of construction. For example, when the inner diameter is 1566 mm, the casing body 2 has a height of about 1500 mm, and the extension casing 10 has various heights of 200 mm, 300 mm, 400 mm, 500 mm, 600 mm, and 700 mm to obtain the necessary depth. Can cover most of the construction.

The casing body 2 and the extension casing 10 are cylindrical members, and are formed as an integral member in the example of FIG. However, this member may be divided along the height direction. For example, the connecting portion is bolted from the inside of the tube and connected in a cylindrical shape. In the case of a casing having a large diameter, it becomes easy to carry by being divided, and it is also easy to pull up after construction.

The horizontal pipe slit 3 is provided on the side surface of the casing body 2 and is formed from the lower end to the horizontal pipe installation height. In the example of this figure, the horizontal tube slit 3 is rectangular.

The slit closing member will be described. 3 is a front view showing the slit closing member, and FIG. 4 is a plan view thereof. The slit closing member 4 is divided along the length direction of the horizontal tube slit 3, that is, along the height direction of the casing body 2, and can be connected and separated by a connecting member such as a bolt. In the connected state, it is a shell having a curved surface along the inner surface of the casing body 2, and has a shape that covers the horizontal pipe slit 3. In the upper part, there is a state where a hole 5 for passing a horizontal tube is provided. The two members 4a and 4b divided into the left and right are overlapped with a slight width at the connecting portion, and the bolt 7 is attached to the overlapping portion from the inside of the curved surface. Further, each of the divided members 4a and 4b is provided with semicircular cut-out portions 5a and 5b for inserting a horizontal tube so that the horizontal tube can be passed when the two members 4a and 4b are connected. A circular hole 5 is formed. A water stop packing 6 can be attached to the position of the hole 5. FIG. 5 is a front view showing the water stop packing. It is a ring-shaped rubber plate with a hole that is slightly smaller in diameter than the cross-section of the installed horizontal tube. By installing the horizontal pipe through the water-stopping packing 6, there is no gap between the horizontal pipe and the slit closing member 4, and the construction can be performed safely. In addition, it is preferable to prepare a plurality of slit closing members 4 having different diameters of the semicircles of the horizontal tube insertion notches 5a and 5b. Accordingly, by selecting the slit closing member 4 of the notch portions 5a and 5b for inserting the horizontal tube that matches the diameter of the horizontal tube, it is possible to deal with various horizontal tubes using the same casing body 2. In this case, the water-stopping packing 6 is prepared in accordance with each diameter.

Bolt through holes 7 are provided around the slit closing member 4 and can be attached to and detached from the casing body 2. The bolts are attached and detached from the inside of the curved surface. When the slit closing member 4 is attached to the casing body 2, the lower end of the slit closing member 4 is positioned at the lower end of the casing body 2.

A suspension hole 8 is provided at the upper edges of the casing body 2 and the extension casing 10. It can be suspended by passing a wire or the like through the hole 8 for suspension. Further, an upper edge protection member 9 can be attached to the upper edge of the casing body 2 or the extension casing 10. FIG. 6 is a front view showing the upper edge protection member. The upper edge protection member 9 is a shock-absorbing member for impact such as striking, and there is an upper plate that is strong enough to withstand the impact on the upper side, and side plates are provided downward on the left and right sides of the upper plate. Have

Next, the usage method of this shaft casing is demonstrated based on the example of a buried pipe installation construction method. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an initial state of a shaft casing installation operation. The shaft casing and buried pipe installation method of the present invention can be carried out with a general-purpose construction machine without using a special device that rotates and swings. In this example, a hydraulic excavator 11 of a type called a backhoe is used.

First, a preliminary hole x is dug with a hydraulic excavator 11 at a construction site. If the excavation length is short or the ground is difficult to collapse, it is sufficient to continue the excavation as it is, but since the surrounding earth and sand starts to collapse at a certain depth, the excavation is stopped and the casing for the shaft is installed in the preliminary hole x To do. At this time, the slit closing member 4 is attached to the casing body 2. When the casing main body 2 is in the spare hole x to some extent, the extension casing 10 may be connected thereon. Furthermore, the upper edge protection member 9 is attached to the upper edge of the casing body 2 or the extension casing 10. Since the upper edge protection member 9 has a substantially U-shaped cross section, it can be easily attached by placing it on the upper edge.

Next, the inside of the casing body 2 is dug with the excavator 11. As a result, the hole x becomes deeper and the casing body 2 moves downward. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the installation work for the shaft casing has proceeded. When the casing body 2 is lowered to a predetermined depth, the extension casing 10 is sequentially connected onto the casing body 2 and is dug to a final depth.

When the casing main body 2 cannot be lowered only by excavation inside the casing main body due to hard earth and sand or stones, the excavator 11 can push or hit the casing main body 2. The casing body 2 descends by pushing or striking the upper edge protection member 9 attached to the upper edge of the casing body 2 or the extension casing 10 with the bucket 12 of the hydraulic excavator 11 or the like. By attaching the upper edge protection member 9 as a cushioning material, the casing body 2 is prevented from being damaged.

When the shaft casing 1 is inserted to a predetermined depth, the soil is backfilled between the shaft casing 1 and the hole. In this way, a safe shaft is easily built. The side wall of the shaft casing 1 becomes a solid retaining wall as it is. By combining a plurality of extension casings 10 having different heights, a vertical shaft of any depth can be installed in an appropriate state so that the upper edge does not protrude above the ground.

When the shaft is completed, enter the shaft and perform the necessary work. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the horizontal pipe is propelled, and FIG. First, make the bottom board. For example, a concrete layer having a thickness of about 200 mm is formed. And the propulsion machine 13 is installed in this reinforced bottom. Such a propulsion device 13 has already been widely used. A chuck for gripping the outer periphery of the pipe is provided, and the horizontal pipe is inserted into the ground by pushing out the chuck. The position of the horizontal tube y is aligned with the hole of the slit closing member 4 and sent out through this hole. In installing the horizontal pipe y, normally, a thick pipe called a pilot pipe is first driven, and then an original pipe such as a sewage pipe is passed through the pilot pipe. FIG. 9 shows a state where the pilot pipe is propelled. In the present invention, since a strong circular casing is embedded, the propulsion unit can be installed without considering the reaction force in the propulsion work.

When the front end of the horizontal tube y passes through the hole of the slit closing member 4, it hits the water blocking packing attached thereto. The tip of the horizontal pipe y advances while pushing the outer periphery of the hole of the water stop packing toward the ground. Eventually, the hole of the water stop packing is widened, and the tip of the horizontal pipe y passes through the water stop packing and proceeds in the ground. Since the space between the side wall of the horizontal pipe y and the slit closing member 4 is sealed with water-stopping packing, earth and sand and groundwater are prevented from entering the shaft during the work.

Construction often has a certain period of time, and work is interrupted at night. At this time, by placing a lid such as a steel plate on the shaft, a car or the like can pass over the shaft.

When the work in the shaft is completed, the material is removed. First, remove propulsion equipment and other equipment. Next, the shaft casing is collected.

Break the bottom concrete and cut the bottom of the shaft casing from the bottom. Further, the slit closing member 4 is removed. The slit closing member 4 and the casing body 2 can be separated by removing the bolts at the outer peripheral portion from the casing. Further, the bolts connecting the left and right members 4a and 4b can also be removed from the casing. Thus, the separated slit closing member 4 can be easily removed and recovered without interfering with the horizontal tube y.

Next, the earth and sand are returned to the shaft, and the inside of the casing is backfilled while rolling. Then, the shaft casing 1 is pulled up and pulled out from the ground. Since all the slit closing members 4 have been removed, the lateral tube slits 3 are opened. The shaft casing 1 can be easily recovered without interfering with the horizontal pipe y by the horizontal pipe slit 3. In this way, since all materials including the slit closing member 4 can be collected and reused, resources can be effectively utilized. Since unnecessary members are not left in the ground, there is no adverse effect when another construction is performed at the same location at a later date.

As described above, the example of the start pit in the propulsion work has been described. However, the shaft casing of the present invention can be used on the arrival mine side. In this case, the horizontal pipe sent from the starting pit enters the shaft through the hole 5 of the slit closing member 4. After that, the slit closing member 4 can be removed from the horizontal pipe as in the case of the starting pit. In addition to propulsion work, it can be used widely such as excavation work and buried object installation work.

1. Casing casing 2. Casing body 3. Horizontal tube slit 4. 4. Slit closing member Horizontal tube insertion holes 5a, 5b Horizontal tube insertion notch 6. 6. Water stop packing Bolt through hole 8. 8. Suspension holes Upper edge protection member 10. Extension casing 11. Hydraulic excavator 12. Bucket 13. Propulsion machine x. Preliminary hole y. Horizontal pipe

Claims (2)

A cylindrical casing body, a slit for a horizontal pipe provided on a side surface from the lower end of the casing body, and a slit closing member detachably attached to the slit for the horizontal pipe of the casing body, the slit closing member being a slit for the horizontal pipe The shaft casing is divided along the longitudinal direction of the shaft, and each of the divided members is provided with a semicircular horizontal tube insertion notch. The casing for shafts according to claim 1, further comprising: an extension casing that is detachably mounted on the casing body in a cylindrical shape having the same diameter as the casing body; and an upper edge protection member that is attached to the upper edge of the casing body or the extension casing.

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