JP3182420U - Dental root canal treatment drill - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a dental treatment instrument capable of appropriately removing an end triangle in tooth root canal treatment.
A cutting portion 3 formed on the outer periphery at a distal end portion, and a through hole 4 through which a proximal end portion extends axially from the distal end portion and into which an elastic guide member 10 inserted into a root canal 20 can be inserted and removed. A dental root canal treatment drill 1a provided with a shaft body 2 having the following is used. In use, the end triangle 21 is cut while the guide member 10 is inserted into the root canal 20.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a dental root canal treatment drill used for root canal treatment in dentistry. In particular, the present invention relates to a dental root canal treatment drill used to remove a so-called end triangle.

  Dental caries are classified into C0 to C4 according to the degree of progression, and C3 and some C4 caries are so-called “nerve removal (medullary extraction / infection root canal treatment)” operation, that is, “root” "Tube treatment" is required. The actual procedure in this root canal treatment is: Caries removal, 2. 2. removal of coronal pulp; 3. Explicit root canal opening, 4. Root canal enlargement and formation Root canal disinfection, 6. 6. root canal patch; and It is divided into steps such as root canal filling.

  The root canal enlargement / formation in step 4 is performed by crowning the root canal using a dental reamer (hole) or a file (file) with a small diameter and an endodontic instrument having a blade around the shaft. Step 3 is a step of enlarging the root canal little by little by cutting with a method such as a back to give a taper. Step 3 is performed to allow a reamer or file to be smoothly inserted into the root canal. The root canal is clearly shown (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Endodontic instruments such as those described above are configured to be operated by a dentist with a finger or to be driven by a dental electric engine.

  By the way, recent reamers or files for dental use use materials such as nickel and titanium, and the quality including bending strength has improved considerably. However, as shown in FIG. 20 is more curved toward the apex, and therefore the stronger the curvature of the root canal 20, the greater the likelihood that the tip of the instrument will break in the root canal 20. In particular, at the apical portion where the root canal 20 is thin, the tip of a reamer or the like is in a state of being bitten by the root canal 20, the tip is easily broken, and accidents are likely to occur. Therefore, in order to correct the curvature of the reamer, etc. even a little during root canal enlargement / formation (especially the 1/2 to 1/3 portion of the crown), the root canal 20a is clearly indicated, and the reamer or file is inserted It is necessary to expand the diameter of the root canal opening 20a so that it can be smoothly inserted into the root canal 20 from the coronal side.

  However, as shown in FIG. 5, a so-called end triangle (sarvical delta) 21 is formed on the tooth neck so as to project inward. The triangle 21 at the end refers to a portion of the dentin that projects to cover the root canal opening 20a existing in the upper and lower molars, and although there is a variety of anatomical varieties, The reamer or file must be inserted from an angle opposite to the direction in which the end triangle 21 extends, and the reamer or file is curved when the root canal is expanded at the apex. Strengthening. Therefore, in the explicit step of the root canal opening 20a, first, the end triangle 21 shown by the broken line in the figure is cut, the root canal opening 20a is clearly shown, and a reamer or file can be inserted linearly It is necessary to.

At present, the removal of the end triangle 21 in clinical practice of dentistry is performed by a peasor reamer or a bar of Gates, which is an endodontic treatment device different from the reamer or file. Unlike small-diameter reamers and files, these are low-elasticity endodontic instruments with a diameter larger than the diameter of the root canal 20a. After removing the crown pulp, cutting is performed on the crown side of the end triangle 21. Cutting is performed until the root canal opening 20a is confirmed by applying the blade.
However, the actual root canal opening 20a is about the diameter of the tip of the needle, and as can be understood from FIG. It is necessary to cut the dentin from. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately remove the end triangle 21 so that a reamer or a file can be inserted into the root canal 20 linearly, and there is a large portion due to craftsmanship such as the sensation and experience of the hand of the dentist. . As a result, there is a problem that when the end triangle 21 is removed, there are many chances of accidents that cause step formation and perforation in the root canal side wall.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-290344 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-276293

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide a dental that can remove the end triangle so that the root canal can be clearly and accurately shown in root canal treatment. It is to provide a root canal treatment drill.

  The present invention provides a shaft body having a cutting portion formed on the outer periphery of a distal end portion, and a through hole through which a proximal end portion is axially penetrated from the distal end portion and an elastic guide member inserted into a root canal can be inserted and removed. It is a drill for dental root canal treatment provided with.

  According to the dental root canal treatment drill, the shaft body has a cutting portion on the outer periphery of the distal end portion and a through hole into which a guide member to be inserted into the root canal can be inserted and removed, and therefore, the end triangle is removed. In this case, the cutting portion can be brought into contact with the end triangle while the guide member is inserted into the root canal. If the shaft body is rotated in this state, the end triangle can be cut by the cutting portion along the guide member derived from the root canal. In addition, since the end triangle is cut with the guide member inserted into the root canal, at the start of cutting the end triangle, cutting is performed even if the elastic guide member is inclined by the projection of the end triangle. As the travel proceeds, the guide member becomes an angle along the inclination near the root canal opening, and the end triangle can be cut directly above the root canal opening. Therefore, even if it is difficult to see the root canal from the crown side, it will match the position of the root canal and the angle near the root canal without causing problems such as step formation or perforation in the root canal side wall. End triangles can be deleted. In addition, in this specification, the one end side in which the cutting part which cuts the triangle of the end in a shaft body is provided is called a front-end | tip part or front end side, and the other end side is called a base end part or a base end side.

In the dental root canal treatment drill, preferably,
As the guide member, a reamer, a file, or a broach can be used.

  The endodontic treatment instrument such as the reamer has appropriate elasticity that can be deformed along the shape of the root canal and has a blade portion around the axis, so when inserted into the root canal, While deforming along the shape of the root canal, the blade portion is engaged with the root canal side wall. Therefore, even if the shaft body is rotated, the movement of the guide member is small, so that the end triangle can be more accurately removed while suppressing the swinging of the shaft body.

In the dental root canal treatment drill, preferably,
The shaft body is configured such that the guide member inserted into the through hole does not follow when the shaft body is rotated.

  If the guide member is inserted into the through hole of the shaft body so as not to follow the rotation of the shaft body, the rotation of the guide member is suppressed even if the shaft body is rotated to cut the end triangle. be able to. Thereby, the breakage of the guide member inserted into the root canal at the time of cutting the triangular end can be prevented. In addition, since the guide member does not follow even when the shaft body is rotated, unintended diameter expansion of the root canal can be prevented at the time of cutting the end triangle, and the root canal can be prevented without greatly changing the inclination of the root canal. The mouth can be specified.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the guide member, which is a separate component from the shaft body, is disposed so as to be insertable / removable into the through hole, and the outer periphery of the distal end portion of the shaft body is inserted in the root canal. The end triangles can be cut by the cutting part formed on. As a result, the deviation from the root canal of the triangular cut at the end can be suppressed without using an uncertain method based on the craftsmanship of the dentist. It is possible to suppress the end triangle with high accuracy and safety. As a result, in the step of enlarging and forming the root canal after removing the end triangle, the reamer and the file can be linearly inserted into the root canal, so that the reamer and the file can be prevented from being broken. Also,

  In addition, if you create a drill with a narrower shaft tip, the root canal will be broken as deep as possible to remove the remaining reamers and files. It becomes possible.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the dental root canal treatment drill which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (a) shows the drill for manual operation, (b) shows the drill for electric engines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the schematic which shows an example of the use condition of the dental root canal treatment drill which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (a) shows the use condition of a manual drill, (b) shows the use condition of the drill for electric engines. . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is an external appearance photograph which shows an example of the dental root canal treatment drill of this Embodiment, (a) is a root canal bar type drill for electric engines, (b) is an X-ray photograph of (a), ( c) Fischer bar type drill for electric engine, (d) X-ray photo of (c), (e) Manual root canal bar type drill, (f) of (e) X-ray photograph is shown. It is the X-ray photograph of the tooth | gear which performed the root canal mouth explicit step using the dental root canal treatment drill of this Embodiment, (a) is before cutting, (b) is at the time of cutting, (c) is cutting Shown later. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a tooth.

The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a dental root canal treatment drill according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) shows a manual drill 1a and (b) shows an electric engine drill 1b. Show. Since the basic structure of the shaft body 2 in the manual and electric engine drills 1a and 1b is the same, the manual drill 1a will be mainly described below, and the electric engine drill 1b is used for manual operation. The same components as those of the drill 1a are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the dental root canal treatment drills 1 a and 1 b include a cylindrical shaft body 2 having a through hole 4 in the axial direction between a distal end portion and a proximal end portion. A cutting portion 3 is formed on the outer periphery of the tip portion. When the drills 1a and 1b are used, a guide member 10, which will be described later, is disposed in the through hole 4 so that it can be inserted and removed.

  In the present embodiment, the through hole 4 extends to the axial center of the shaft body 2, and when a reamer, file, or broach (ISO size: # 15 to # 20) is used as the guide member 10. The inner diameter d (0.5 to 0.7 mm) is slightly larger than the diameter of these instruments. Thus, by making the inner diameter d of the through hole 4 larger than the diameter of the inserted guide member 10, the guide member 10 is disposed in the through hole 4 in an unlocked state with respect to the shaft body 2. Since the guide member 10 can be moved forward and backward with respect to the shaft body 4 and can be rotated freely, the root canal 20 can be easily cut when the end triangle 21 (see FIG. 2) is cut. The guide member 4 can be inserted therein. Further, by configuring the shaft body 2 in this way, even if the shaft body 2 is rotated for cutting, it is possible to suppress the guide member 10 from following the shaft body 2 in accordance with the rotation. it can. As a result, even if the shaft body 2 is rotated to cut the end triangle 21, the rotation of the guide member 10 can be suppressed. Thereby, since the excessive stress is not applied to the guide member 10 inserted in the root canal 20 at the time of cutting the triangle 21 at the end, the guide member 10 can be prevented from being broken. Further, even if the shaft body 2 is rotated, the rotation of the guide member 10 can be suppressed, so that the root canal opening can be clearly shown while preventing unintended expansion of the root canal 10 when the end triangle 21 is cut. . Furthermore, even if the end triangle 21 is overhanging and the root canal opening is substantially blocked when viewed from the crown side, the guide member 10 is disposed so as to be inserted into and removed from the through hole 20, so that the diameter can be easily reduced. The guide member 10 can be exchanged. In addition, although it is not an explicit step of the root canal, the drill of the present embodiment may be used for forming the core for abutment tooth construction. For example, if a root canal is formed by using a root canal bar type drill having a through hole 4 after inserting a reamer having a length + α to be formed by abutment tooth construction into the root canal 20, drilling or the like can be prevented.

  Although the inner diameter d of the through hole 4 of the present embodiment is formed with the same diameter in the axial direction, the inner wall of the through hole 4 is tapered or stepped so that the swing of the guide member 10 is further suppressed. And may have different diameters.

  The shaft body 2 has a cutting blade that is a cutting portion 3 on the outer periphery of the distal end portion of the shaft body 2. The axial length of the cutting part 3 is formed from the tip part to a position that is approximately 1/3 of the shaft body 2, but it is a length that can delete about 1/2 to 1/3 from the crown side. If there is, it will not be specifically limited. Further, the cutting blades are formed in a plurality of concentric shapes so that the distal end portion has the smallest outer diameter and the outer diameter gradually increases toward the proximal end portion. The cutting blade does not have to be concentric as long as the end triangle 21 can be cut. For example, the cutting blade may be formed in a spiral shape. In addition, the minimum diameter of the cutting blade may be larger than the diameter of the root canal in consideration of cutting efficiency, or as much as possible to break the root apex and remove the remaining reamers and files. It may be smaller than the diameter of the root canal 20 so that the root canal can be expanded to a deep location of the root canal 20.

  In the case of the manual drill 1a, it is preferable that the shaft body 2 has a large-diameter operation portion 5 used as a handle for finger operation on the base end side. By providing such a large-diameter operation section 5, the shaft body 2 can be easily rotated. In the case of a drill 1b for an electric engine, the shaft body 2 preferably has a chucking portion 6 that can be attached to and detached from a drive source on the base end side.

  The shaft body 2 is preferably made of a material such as stainless steel having the same hardness as a drill conventionally used as an endodontic treatment instrument in order to eliminate the end triangle 21. The structure of the shaft body 2 is not particularly limited as long as it has the cutting portion 3 at the tip portion and the through hole 4 inside, and the diamond point as well as the root canal bar and the fisher bar as will be described later. You may have the same external shape.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a usage state of the dental root canal treatment drill according to the embodiment of the present invention. In use, the guide member 10 is disposed in the through hole 4 of the shaft body 2 as shown in FIG. The guide member 10 is not limited as long as its tip has a diameter that can be inserted into the root canal 20 and has elasticity that can follow the shape of the root canal 20. Reamers, files, or broaches used for enlargement / formation can be preferably used. Since these endodontic treatment instruments have a blade portion on the outer periphery, when inserted into the root canal 20, the blade portion bites into the root canal side wall. And since these guide members 10 are inserted in the through-hole 4 in the non-locking state, when the shaft body 2 is rotated, the follow-up of the guide members 10 can be further suppressed.

  In the case of the manual drill 1a, with the guide member 10 inserted into the root canal 20, the shaft body 2 is brought into contact with the crown side of the end triangle 21, and the dentist places the handle portion 5 in the figure. The end triangle 21 can be cut by rotating in the direction of the rotation axis indicated by the arrow. At the start of cutting, the elastic guide member 10 is inclined at an angle different from the inclination in the vicinity of the root canal opening due to the projection of the end triangle 21, but as the cutting progresses, the guide member 10 moves to the upper part of the root canal 20. Therefore, the cutting part 3 can cut the portion directly above the root canal opening. Thus, the end triangle 21 can be deleted so as to match the position of the root canal opening and the angle near the root canal opening without causing problems such as step formation or perforation in the root canal side wall.

  Further, when the tip of the shaft body 2 reaches just above the root canal opening, when the tip of the drill 1a made to have a small diameter is inserted into the root canal 20, the shaft body 2 is brought into the apex (vertical direction). It is preferable to cut by applying a force in a direction (horizontal direction) in which the triangles 21 at the ends shown by arrows in the drawing project rather than facing. In the removal of the end triangle 21, the cutting amount can be determined by comparing the angle of the guide member 10 with that before the removal.

  In the case of the electric engine drill 1b, the end triangle 21 is cut by rotating the drill 1b with the dental handpiece 30 in a state where the guide member 10 is inserted into the root canal 20 in the same manner as described above. be able to. In addition, since the guide member 10 is inserted in the through-hole 4 in a non-locking state, even if the drill 1b is rotated at this time, the guide member 10 is substantially idled to suppress the follower to the drill 1b. be able to.

  Note that when a reamer, a file, or a broach is used as the guide member 10 as described above, there is a case in which the grip portion 11 made of plastic or the like is formed on the base end side, but the tooth having a long crown portion is used. When treating, the grip portion 11 may be removed so as not to obstruct the operation. Moreover, when arrange | positioning the guide member 10 in the through-hole 4, after inserting the guide member 10 in the root canal 20, you may make it cover the shaft body 2 from the base end part side of the guide member 10, or outside a mouth. The guide member 10 may be inserted into the through hole 4. However, in consideration of insertion of the guide member 10 into the root canal 20 that is difficult to visually recognize, after the guide member 10 is inserted into the root canal 20, the shaft body 2 is covered with the guide member 10 to guide the through hole 4. It is preferable to arrange the member 10.

  After the end triangle 21 is removed using the dental root canal treatment drills 1a and 1b as described above, the cutting piece is sufficiently removed with saline, water injection, or root canal cleaner. Thereafter, root canal treatment after conventional root canal enlargement / formation is performed.

  FIG. 3 is an appearance photograph and an X-ray photograph showing the dental root canal treatment drill of the present embodiment. (A) is a root canal bar type drill for an electric engine, (b) is an X-ray photograph thereof, (c) is a Fisher bar type drill for an electric engine, and (d) is an X-ray photograph thereof. (E) shows a root canal bar type drill for manual operation, and (f) shows an X-ray photograph thereof. (A) is used for cutting the triangular end of the end, (b) is used for expanding the diameter of the root canal, and (c) is for patients with limited opening and when it is difficult to insert the electric engine into the mouth. It is what is used.

  FIG. 4 is an X-ray photograph of the extracted tooth before and after removing the end triangle using the drill of the present embodiment. Note that cutting was performed by an intern within one year from the start of root canal treatment as a dental care physician. As shown in the figure, the end triangle protrudes inward before cutting, but at the time of cutting, the end triangle is formed at the outer periphery of the tip with the guide member inserted into the root canal. It can be seen that after cutting, the root canal opening is clearly shown almost linearly from the crown side. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to remove the end triangle so that the root canal can be clearly identified with high accuracy and without using craftsmanship.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dental root canal treatment drill 2 Shaft body 3 Cutting part 4 Through hole 5 Guide member 6 Electric engine chucking part 20 Root canal 20a Root canal opening 21 End triangle
30 Electric engine

In the dental root canal treatment drill, preferably,
The through hole has an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the guide member inserted into the through hole.

  If the through hole has an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the guide member, the guide member does not follow the rotation of the shaft body, so even if the shaft body is rotated to cut the end triangle, the guide The rotation of the member can be suppressed. Thereby, the breakage of the guide member inserted into the root canal at the time of cutting the triangular end can be prevented. In addition, since the guide member does not follow even when the shaft body is rotated, unintended diameter expansion of the root canal can be prevented at the time of cutting the end triangle, and the root canal can be prevented without greatly changing the inclination of the root canal. The mouth can be specified.

Claims (3)

  Dental having a shaft body having a cutting portion formed on the outer periphery of the distal end portion and a through hole through which the proximal end portion extends axially from the distal end portion and an elastic guide member inserted into the root canal can be inserted and removed. Root canal treatment drill. The dental root canal treatment drill according to claim 1,
The guide member is a dental root canal treatment drill comprising a reamer, a file, or a broach. A dental root canal treatment drill according to claim 1 or 2,
The said shaft body is a dental root canal treatment drill comprised so that the said guide member inserted in the said through hole may not follow when the said shaft body is rotated.