JP3179015B2 - Method of moving electro-sensitive working medium and electro-sensitive working medium - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a liquid moving in an electric field and a method for moving the liquid.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known that when an electric field is applied to an insulating liquid, the characteristics of the liquid vary depending on the type of the liquid. For example, a liquid crystal applies a voltage to a liquid crystal compound in a liquid crystal layer that is intermediate between a solid layer and a liquid layer,
A visible image or the like is formed by controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal compound and the like to adjust the light transmittance. However, even when an electric field is formed in the liquid crystal compound, the liquid crystal compound regulated by the alignment plate is not released from such regulation and does not flow freely.

[0003] In addition, there is also known a liquid which exhibits an effect (an electrorheological effect or a Winslow effect) that characteristics such as viscosity of the liquid are changed by applying a voltage. However, the electrorheological effect or the Winslow effect is a heterogeneous system in which silica gel, cellulose, kazain, a polystyrene-based ion exchange resin, etc. are blended with insulating oil, and these blended components (solids) are dispersed. Due to its low stability during storage.

Further, lubricants having an electrorheological effect have been proposed as lubricating oils for automobiles and the like, but these lubricants are actually heterogeneous and have a problem in stability during storage and the like.

Further, JP-A-6-57274 and JP-A-6-73390 disclose an invention of an electrosensitive composition in which a specific fluorine compound is blended with an insulating oil.

[0006] However, the compositions described in these publications are both mixtures of insulating oil and a specific fluorine compound. As a worldwide trend, the use of fluorine compounds has been shunned.

[0007]

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for moving an electro-sensitive working medium which converts electric energy directly into kinetic energy by using the electro-sensitive working medium.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an electro-sensitive working medium which is particularly suitable for changing electric energy applied to a liquid by applying a voltage to kinetic energy of flowing, ie, movement, of the liquid. It is an object.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The method for moving an electro-sensitive working medium according to the present invention comprises applying a voltage to a compound represented by the following formula [I] or [II] using at least two electrodes, and applying a voltage to one of the electrodes. It is characterized in that the compound is moved from the vicinity to the vicinity of the other electrode side.

[0010]

Embedded image

However, in the above formula [I] or [II], R ¹ and R ² each independently represent a hydrocarbon group which may contain atoms other than carbon and hydrogen. And X is a divalent group represented by the following formula [III] or [IV].

[0012]

Embedded image

However, in the above formula [III], R ³ and R ⁴ are a hydrocarbon group which may have a branch and may be bonded to an atom other than carbon or hydrogen.
³ and R ⁴ may be the same or different, and q and r are each independently 0 or an integer of 1 or more. When q or r is 0, R ³ or R ⁴ is each independently Represents a single bond, p is 0 or an integer of 1, 2, or 3, and the cyclic structure defined by p may have a substituent, and a part of this cyclic structure Alternatively, all of them may be hydrogenated.

[0014]

Embedded image

However, in the above [IV], n represents an integer of 2 or more, and m is the number of double bonds contained in this group. Further, the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention has the above formula [I]
Alternatively, it is an electro-sensitive working medium that can move from the vicinity of one electrode side to the vicinity of the other electrode side by applying a voltage to the compound represented by [II] with at least two electrodes.

Various compounds are known as electrically insulating fluids, and many of them are already used. Generally, it is considered that even when an electric field is applied to such an electrically insulating fluid, the liquid does not literally flow an electric current, and therefore, the fluid does not change due to the applied electric field. Was common. However, when these liquids were examined in detail, it was found that the liquid in the vicinity of the electrode may slightly move at the moment when an electric field was applied. And the tremor of this liquid is
Its behavior differs depending on the type of electrically insulating fluid, etc.
It has been found that in a specific electrically insulating liquid, movement of a fluid such as convection is observed in an insulating fluid by applying a voltage. By extracting the movement of the fluid by applying the voltage as kinetic energy, electric energy can be directly converted to kinetic energy without using a special device for energy conversion such as a pump. You can.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Next, the method of operating the electro-sensitive operating medium and the electro-sensitive operating medium of the present invention will be specifically described.

The method for moving the electro-sensitive working medium according to the present invention comprises:
A voltage is applied to the compound represented by the specific formula by using at least two electrodes, and the compound is moved from the vicinity of one electrode side to the vicinity of the other electrode side.

The electro-sensitive working medium used in the present invention is:
It can be represented by the following formula [I] or [II].

[0020]

Embedded image

However, in the above formula [I] or [II], R ¹ and R ² are basically hydrocarbon groups having usually 1 to 15, preferably 1 to 9 carbon atoms. .
However, in the present invention, R ¹ and R ² may each independently be a hydrocarbon group containing atoms other than carbon and hydrogen. That is, it may have, for example, an ether bond or an ester bond. Further, R ¹ and R ² may be the same or different.

In the formula [I] or [II], X is a divalent group represented by the following formula [III] or [IV];

[0023]

Embedded image

However, in the above formula [III], R ³ and R ⁴ are basically hydrocarbon groups having usually 0 to 5, preferably 0 to 2 carbon atoms. However, the hydrocarbon group may have a branch, and the hydrocarbon group
An atom other than carbon or hydrogen may be bonded. Further, R ³ and R ⁴ may be the same or different.

Further, in the above formula [III], q and r are each independently 0 or an integer of 1 or more. And when q or r is 0, R ³ or R ⁴ is
Each independently represents a single bond.

In the above formula [III], p is 0 or an integer of 1, 2, or 3. In the cyclic structure defined by p, a hydrogen atom may be substituted with another group, and a part or all of the cyclic structure may be hydrogenated.

[0027]

Embedded image

In the above [IV], n represents an integer of 2 or more, and m is the number of double bonds contained in this group. That is, the group represented by the formula [IV] may have a double bond.

Examples of the electro-sensitive working medium which is the compound represented by the formula [I] or [II] include the following compounds.

[0030]

Embedded image

[0031]

Embedded image

Among the above compounds, dibutyl itaconate, methylacetyl ricinoleate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) fumarate, dibutyl adipate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) adipate, bis (2-ethylhexyl azelate) ), Dibutylbenzyl phthalate and dibutyl decandioate are preferred. That is, the compounds described above are particularly excellent in fluid mobility when the applied voltage is constant.

The compound represented by the above formula [I] or [II] can also be synthesized by combining known synthesis methods. In addition, some of the compounds having such a structure are commercially available for another use. In the present invention, when the compound having the structure of the formula [I] is used as the electro-sensitive working medium, it is possible to use a compound produced by a known synthesis method as described above, as well as a commercially available compound. Even if it is, it can be used as an electro-sensitive working medium. In these cases, the expression
The compound represented by [I] or [II] can be purified and used as necessary.

When the above compounds are to be synthesized, these compounds can be synthesized by combining known synthesis methods. For example, the compound represented by the formula [I] is obtained by combining a dicarboxylic acid having a group corresponding to X in the formula [I] and an alcohol having a group corresponding to R ¹ or R ² with respect to 1 mol of the dicarboxylic acid. And esterification using at least 2 moles of alcohol. This esterification reaction proceeds by heating a dicarboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an esterification catalyst or without using such a catalyst. In this reaction, a reaction solvent can be used, and the reaction can be performed without using a separate reaction solvent by using a raw material as a reaction solvent.

For example, the compound represented by the formula [II] includes a monoalcohol and a monocarboxylic acid having a group corresponding to X in the formula [II], and an acid anhydride having a group corresponding to R ¹ . And then subjecting it to an esterification reaction with an alcohol corresponding to R ² .

The above synthesis method is an example of synthesizing the compound represented by the formula [I] or [II], which is the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention. The sensitive working medium is of course not limited at all by these synthesis methods.

The compound synthesized as described above is used after being washed or purified as necessary. In the present invention, the compound represented by the above formula [I] or [II] can be used alone as the electro-sensitive working medium, or the compound represented by the above formula [I] or [II] can be used. A plurality of them can be used as an electro-sensitive working medium. For example, the compounds included in the above formulas [I] and [II] do not all have the same electro-sensitive property, so that the sensitivity to an applied voltage can be adjusted by combining a plurality of compounds.

In addition, as long as the characteristics of the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention are not impaired, other substances such as compounds other than the compound represented by the above formula [I] or [II], metal powder, and the like. A substance for ensuring the stability of the working medium, a coloring agent such as a dye or a pigment added for the purpose of coloring, a viscosity adjusting agent for adjusting the viscosity, and the like can be added.
Preservatives, fungicides, solvents and the like may be added.

In the present invention, at least two electrodes and the above-described electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention are arranged so as to be in contact with each other, and a direct-current voltage is applied between the electrodes. The working medium moves from one electrode to the other electrode, and with this movement, convection occurs in the medium.
That is, when a voltage is applied between the electrodes installed in the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention, the working medium starts flowing motion from the vicinity of one electrode toward the vicinity of the other electrode, and the flow-side electrode which is pushed in is activated. The media moves upward along the electrodes, climbing the installed electrodes. Then, the working medium that has risen to some extent along the electrodes rises to a position where the rising force along the electrodes opposes this force, for example, to a position where gravity is balanced.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2A, for example, eight electrodes 3a... 3h are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed cylindrical container 1 and penetrate through the center of the lid of the container 1. Then, the electro-sensitive working medium 21 (dibutyl itaconate) represented by the formula [I] is put into a device provided with the electrode 8 reaching the bottom of the container.
Is the negative electrode, and the electrodes 3a... 3h are the positive electrodes.
And between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, for example, 2 KV to 6 K
When applying a DC voltage and V, electro-sensitive movable medium is raised to a height of an H ₁ along the negative electrode 8. The movement of the medium of the present invention near the negative electrode 8 is schematically shown in FIG. Here, assuming that the height of the liquid before application of the voltage (depending on the surface tension) is H ₀ , by applying a DC voltage, the electro-sensitive working medium has a height H _{2 of} [H ₁ −H ₀ ]. It rises along the negative electrode 8. The working medium that has reached the top along the negative electrode 8 falls while spreading laterally as indicated by the arrow. When the voltage is continuously applied between the electrodes as described above, a series of movements of the working medium occur, in which the working medium sequentially rises along the electrodes and falls while spreading laterally. The movement causes a constant convection movement in the working medium (start of convection movement).

That is, the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention can convert applied electric energy into kinetic energy by directly convectively moving the electro-sensitive working medium. In addition, in this energy conversion step, energy can be directly converted without using physical energy conversion means such as a motor.

The above description is based on the assumption that a negative electrode is disposed in the center of a bottomed cylindrical container and a large number of positive electrodes are disposed along the side wall of the container. When a DC voltage is applied to the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention,
The moving state of the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention is described in a manner that makes it easy to understand the relationship between the electrode to which a voltage is applied and the electro-sensitive working medium convected by this electrode, and is limited by the form of the container in the present invention It is not something to be done.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a space for filling the electro-sensitive working medium therein is formed, and the housing is filled with the electro-sensitive working medium 22 (dibutyl decandioate) of the present invention.
If electrodes are inserted into both ends of the housing and positive and negative DC voltages are applied to both electrodes, the electro-sensitive operating medium 22 which is the electro-sensitive operating medium of the present invention forms a constant flow from the positive electrode to the negative electrode. Can be moved.

By utilizing the characteristics of the electro-sensitive working medium as described above, for example, as shown in [A] of FIG. 4, the main pipe of the liquid transfer pipe 51 having a large number of branches 52a and 52b is provided. The electrodes 55, 56, 57 are provided. A jet jet is supplied upward from below in the main pipe 51. When a voltage is applied with the electrode 55 being grounded and a negative electrode and the electrode 56 being a positive electrode, the electro-sensitive working fluid flows from the electrode 56 to the electrode 5.
5 acts to push the jet jet in the ascending direction from the side.
b. Conversely, when a voltage is applied with the electrode 57 as the positive electrode, a jet jet can be guided to the branch pipe 52a.

As shown in FIG. 4B, if the arrangement of the electrodes is changed so that the electrode 59 is a positive electrode and the ground point (negative electrode) can be switched between the electrodes 58a and 58b,
A jet jet is generated in the electro-sensitive working medium itself, and the direction of the jet jet can be controlled by switching the contact point.

In the present invention, the moving direction of the working medium when a DC voltage is applied to the electro-sensitive working medium is determined by the position and polarity of the installed electrodes. For this reason, the flow direction of the liquid can be controlled only by applying the DC voltage without using physical means for controlling the moving direction of the fluid such as a damper, a cock, and a valve.

The above phenomenon can be confirmed by carefully observing the working medium. That is, by carefully observing the flowing medium, it is possible to confirm the movement of the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention due to the application of the DC voltage, and the convective movement of the working medium in the whole container. Furthermore, for example, a very small amount of fine suspended matter can be present in the electro-sensitive working medium, and the movement phenomenon of the medium can be reduced by observing the movement of such fine suspended matter as compared with the case where the medium is simply used. It becomes possible to confirm more clearly.

However, the compound represented by the above formula [I] or [II] is colorless and transparent, and it is extremely difficult to grasp the moving state of the working medium without the presence of fine suspended matters as described above. It is difficult to directly measure the kinetic energy generated by the convection or the movement of the medium.

Therefore, if the movement of the medium can be converted into rotational energy, the movement of the medium can be immediately confirmed, and the amount of converted energy can be measured. That is, by using the device as described above,
The movement of the working medium is visually confirmed, and the kinetic energy generated by the movement of the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention is taken out of the apparatus as rotational energy and measured. Can be sensed in an indirect manner. Also, by making the applied voltage constant using the same device theoretically, the loss energy is considered to be constant, and by measuring the number of revolutions of the rotating body using the above device, the relative value is obtained. However, it is possible to determine the energy exchange rate inherent in the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention.

Based on the above idea, the present inventor has created an apparatus as shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an apparatus for applying a DC voltage to the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention to move the medium, converting the convective energy of the moving medium into rotational energy, and extracting the rotational energy. This device is a kind of actuator and has the following configuration.

The device 1 comprises a cylindrical container 2 having a bottom filled with the electro-sensitive working medium 21 of the present invention, a lid 4 of the container 2, and an electro-sensitive working medium 21 inside the container 2. And the rotating body 18 which rotates by sensing the movement of the working medium at the time of movement by the application of the rotation. Here, in the bottomed cylindrical container 2, a cut 13 for arranging the electrodes 3 a to 3 h is formed by cutting from the upper edge of the container 2. Further, inside the container 2, fixing members 14 and 15 for fixing the electrodes 3 a to 3 h inserted from the cuts 13 to the inner peripheral wall surface of the container are formed.

A through-hole 19 into which the rotating shaft of the rotating body 18 is fitted is formed in the center of the lid 4. The rotating body 18 includes a bearing 23 provided at the bottom center of the container 2.
And a plurality of rotors 6 joined to a rotating shaft rotatably fixed to the through hole 19.

The container 2, the lid 4, and the rotator 18 are usually made of an insulating material such as plastic.
In order to visually confirm the rotation of the rotating body 18, the container 2 and the lid 4 are preferably formed of a transparent plastic, and the colors of the plurality of rotors 6 of the rotating body 18 are For confirmation of the rotation speed, it is preferable that the colors are different from each other.

The electrodes 3a... 3h are introduced into the inside of the container 2 through the cuts 13 and extend in the bottom direction of the container 2 along the inner wall surface of the container 2 so as not to hinder the rotation of the rotating body 18. The electrodes 3a ... 3h are insulated from each other.

The above-described apparatus 1 is made mainly for the purpose of confirming the movement of the electro-sensitive working medium 21 by the rotation of the rotating body 18, and is made of plastic from this point and workability. In such a rotating device, it is sufficient that an insulated state can be secured between the electrodes 3a to 3h, and the rotating device can be formed of various insulating materials such as pottery, glass, wood, ceramics, and insulating metal.
... If the 3h is mounted on the container 2 via an insulating material so that the 3h does not conduct with each other, the container 2, the lid 4, the rotating body 18 and the like can be formed of a conductive metal or the like. .

The electro-sensitive working medium 21 of the present invention is cut into the above-mentioned container 2 so that the medium does not flow out of the container 13 and most of the rotor 6 is buried in the medium.
DC voltage is applied for 3h. Here, the rotation direction of the rotating body 18 can be controlled by the arrangement of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. For example, if the electrodes 3a, 3c, 3e, 3g are positive electrodes and the electrodes 3b, 3d, 3f, 3h are negative electrodes, the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are alternately arranged, and the rotating body 1
There is no systematic uniformity in the direction of rotation of 8, and in this case,
The rotation direction of the rotating body 18 cannot be controlled. However, for example, if the electrodes 3a and 3e are positive electrodes, the electrodes 3b and 3f are negative electrodes, and the electrodes 3c, 3d, 3g and 3h are dummy electrodes, the direction from the electrode 3a to the electrode 3b,
The flow from e to the electrode 3f becomes dominant, so that the rotation direction of the rotating body 8 can be controlled clockwise as shown by the arrow in FIG.

As a voltage application method, in addition to the above-described fixed application method in which a voltage is applied to an electrode at a specific position,
There is a fluctuation application method in which a voltage and an electrode are sequentially switched with time and applied to eight electrodes a to 3h [n electrodes from 1 to n (n is an integer)]. That is, for example, a positive voltage is applied to the electrodes 3a and 3e, a negative voltage is applied to the electrodes 3b and 3f, and the electrodes with numbers 3c, 3d, 3g, and 3h are dummy electrodes. After applying the voltage in this manner, one second later, a positive voltage is applied to the electrodes 3b and 3f, a negative voltage is applied to the electrodes 3c and 3g, and the electrodes numbered 3d, 3e, 3h, and 3a are dummy electrodes. As shown in the above example, there is a method (fluctuation applying method) of sequentially switching and applying a positive voltage and a negative voltage between the laid electrodes. In this case, in addition to switching positive / negative / no voltage / voltage at a time, it is also effective to give a constant delay condition to each application switching. The advantage of such a fluctuation application method is that the applied voltage can be reduced,
This is particularly useful when a high applied voltage cannot be used or when the device using the working medium is large.

The rotation speed of the rotating body 18 increases and decreases almost in proportion to the applied voltage until the rotation speed becomes equal to or higher than the initial rotation voltage and reaches a constant speed. The initial rotation voltage in the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention varies significantly depending on the compound. That is, the initial rotation voltage differs depending on the sensitivity of the electro-sensitive working medium used to electricity, and also depends on the viscosity of the working medium, the structure of the rotating body, and the like. The voltage for moving to form a constant flow is too high to be practical, and the danger is high, so there is little practicality.

The constant speed rotation speed of the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention varies depending on the kind of the compound (that is, the sensitivity peculiar to the compound), the structure of the rotating body, the viscosity of the medium, and the like.
1000 rpm, preferably 50 to 500 rpm, and the applied voltage at this time is 10 V to 10 KV, preferably 2 KV.
７7 KV.

In order to move the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention, it is necessary to apply a relatively high voltage as described above. The specific relationship between the magnitude of the current flowing at this time and the rotation speed is as follows. Instead, the current flowing according to the compound's inherent electrical insulation (or conductivity) seems to be specified.
For example, among the compounds represented by the formula [I], dibutyl itaconate reached a constant rotation speed of 118 rpm at an applied voltage of 6 KV, and the current flowing at this time was 0.05 mA or less. It was below the detection limit of the total.

Further, the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the description of the rotating body described later may be reversed. Further, when the number of electrodes and the rotation speed of the rotating body 18 are examined, the number of rotations tends to increase as the number of pairs of electrodes increases. However, even if only the number of positive electrodes increases, the number of rotations is not significantly affected, but the number of rotations tends to increase as the number of negative electrodes increases. However, when two opposing electrodes are used as positive electrodes and the other electrodes are all negative electrodes, the number of revolutions is significantly reduced as compared with the case where there is a dummy electrode. This is considered to be because the negative electrode is arranged at equal intervals in both the left and right directions with respect to the positive electrode, so that the flow direction of the electro-sensitive working medium is not controlled.

Also, the smaller the distance between the positive and negative electrodes, the higher the rotational speed tends to be. Further, the compound represented by the formula [I] or [II] includes, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 described above, a compound which rises along the positive electrode when a DC voltage is applied, and a compound which rises along the negative electrode when a DC voltage is applied. A compound that
There is a compound in which the compound rises to the same extent along both the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Depending on the behavior of the compound with respect to the electrode, the rotation direction of the actuator filled with the electro-sensitive operation medium, that is, the electro-sensitive operation The flow direction of the medium is specified.

From the results measured as described above, the equation
The energy conversion action of the compound represented by [I] or [II] mainly depends on the structure of the compound. The conversion efficiency of electric energy to kinetic energy is measured by using the above-mentioned apparatus, but it has been confirmed that the efficiency exceeds at least several% at present.

The electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention is used for applications utilizing the movement of the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention between the electrodes to which the above-described DC voltage is applied, or a DC voltage applied to the electro-sensitive working medium. Is applied to form a convective motion in the working medium, and this convective motion can be used as a rotational energy outside the apparatus and used in a very wide range of other fields.

For example, by utilizing the fact that the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention moves between the electrodes, it can be used as a substance transfer means. In addition to the substance, energy can be transferred to the moving liquid, and it is used for various purposes such as various heat exchange devices, for example, a cooling system of a CPU in a computer, a switching means of a flow path when transferring a fluid. It is possible.

It is basically an actuator that takes out the moving energy of the liquid as rotational energy. Therefore, the electro-sensitive operating medium of the present invention can be used as a medium for operating an actuator.

In particular, when the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention is filled in an actuator device and a DC voltage is applied,
As the size of the device decreases, its efficiency tends to increase. For example, in the case of a device that extracts rotation energy, the cruising rotational speed of the rotating body increases as the device is miniaturized. Therefore, the smaller the size of the actuator using the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention, the higher its usefulness. According to the proposal of the present inventor, the actuator (or the actuator that is smaller than the motor actually used in practice at present) Motor) can also be manufactured.

That is, when a voltage is applied to the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention to move the medium, if the applied voltage is the same, the smaller the apparatus is, the more the medium moves. In a fluid moving device that combines conventional mechanical elements,
As the device becomes smaller, each mechanical element (part) must also be reduced in proportion to this, and when miniaturizing such a mechanical element, the precision of the part must be increased,
Increasing the sophistication of these components is very difficult, and therefore, miniaturization of the device generally reduces the efficiency of the device significantly. However, when the same medium as defined in the present invention is used, the flow state of the electro-sensitive working medium is better in a small apparatus than in a large apparatus. Therefore, the movement efficiency of the medium is remarkably improved by the miniaturization of the apparatus, and an effect opposite to common sense in the transfer of the medium in which mechanical elements such as a motor are combined is exhibited. Therefore, according to the present invention, the smaller the device is, the higher the efficiency becomes, and the device can be easily miniaturized.

Further, the actuator using the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention has a very simple structure, a small number of parts, and is easy to assemble, compared to an actuator which is assembled from a number of components such as an electromagnetic motor. In addition, there are few failures.

The movement of the electro-sensitive working medium described above means that the relative positions of the electrodes and the electrodes fluctuate. In the above-described detailed example, since the electrodes are fixed, In the present invention, in addition to the mode in which the electro-sensitive operating medium moves, the electrodes 63a and 63b are rotatable, for example, as shown in FIG. By being fixed to the container 2, the electrodes 63a, 6
3b can be rotated.

[0071]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and the like, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited to these examples.

[0072]

Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 1, the inner diameter of the container 2 is 25 mm.
In a device in which eight electrodes are arranged at equal intervals along the inner circumference and the rotating body 18 is composed of six blade fans, dibutyl itaconate (Kurokin Kasei Co., Ltd.) ), Trade name: DBI) in about 17 ml, and the electrode 3 in FIG.
a and the electrode 3e are positive electrodes, and the remaining electrodes 3b, 3
d, 3f, 3g, and 3h were all set to be negative electrodes.

[0073]

Embedded image

A DC voltage of 5.0 kV or 6.0 kV was applied between the electrodes thus set. By applying a DC voltage of 5 kV first as described above, the rotating body 18 started to rotate, and the rotation was maintained during the voltage application. Also, by changing the voltage to 6.0 kV, an increase in the number of rotations (a phenomenon in which the rotation speed increases) was observed.

The results are shown in Table 1.

[0076]

[Table 1]

[0077]

Example 2 In Example 1, instead of dibutyl itaconate, the same amount of methylacetyl ricinoleate (manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name: MAR-N) represented by the following formula was used. The same operation was performed except that the applied voltage was 6.0 kV.

[0078]

Embedded image

By applying a DC current of 6.0 kV as described above, the rotating body 18 rotated at a rotation speed of 41 rpm. It was confirmed that the needle of the ammeter slightly moved the moment the voltage was applied, but the current flowing at this time was less than the current measurement limit of 0.05 mA. Could not.

[0080]

Reference Example 1 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that dibutyl fumarate (manufactured by Kyowa Hakko Kogyo KK, trade name: DBF) represented by the following formula was used in place of dibutyl itaconate. did. In this experiment, the liquid temperature was adjusted to 28 ° C.

[0081]

Embedded image

A DC voltage of 6.0 kV was applied between the electrodes thus set. By applying a DC voltage of 6 kV as described above, the rotating body 18 starts rotating,
This rotating body rotated at a rotation speed of 113 rpm. In addition,
It was confirmed that the needle of the ammeter slightly moved the moment the voltage was applied.However, the current flowing at this time was less than the current measurement limit of 0.05 mA, and accurate current measurement was not possible. Did not.

[0083]

Example 3 In Example 1, bis (2-ethylhexyl) fumarate (manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name: DOF) represented by the following formula was used in place of dibutyl itaconate. The same operation was performed except for the above.

[0084]

Embedded image

A DC voltage of 5.0 kV or 6.0 kV was applied between the electrodes thus set. By applying a DC voltage of 5 kV first as described above, the rotating body 18 started to rotate, and the rotation was maintained during the voltage application. Also, by changing the voltage to 6.0 kV, the number of rotations was increased.

Table 2 shows the results.

[0087]

[Table 2]

As is clear from Table 3, the current value during application of the voltage is 0.0, which is the measurement limit of the current measuring device used.
It was less than 5 mA.

[0089]

Example 4 Example 1 was repeated except that dibutyl adipate (trade name: DBA, manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) represented by the following formula was used in place of dibutyl itaconate. Operated.

[0090]

Embedded image

A DC voltage of 5.0 kV or 6.0 kV was applied between the electrodes thus set. By applying a DC voltage of 5 kV first as described above, the rotating body 18 started to rotate, and the rotation was maintained during the voltage application. Also, by changing the voltage to 6.0 kV, an increase in the number of rotations (a phenomenon in which the rotation speed increases) was observed.

Table 3 shows the results.

[0093]

[Table 3]

As is clear from Table 3, the current value during the voltage application is 0.0, which is the measurement limit of the current measuring device used.
It was less than 5 mA.

[0095]

Example 5 In Example 1, bis (2-ethylhexyl) adipate (manufactured by Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd., trade name: DOA) represented by the following formula was used in place of dibutyl itaconate. Other than that was operated similarly.

[0096]

Embedded image

A DC voltage of 5.0 kV or 6.0 kV was applied between the electrodes thus set. By applying a DC voltage of 5 kV first as described above, the rotating body 18 started to rotate, and the rotation was maintained during the voltage application. Also, by changing the voltage to 6.0 kV, the number of rotations was increased.

The results are shown in Table 4.

[0099]

[Table 4]

As is clear from Table 4, the current value during the voltage application is 0.0, which is the measurement limit of the current measuring device used.
It was less than 5 mA.

[0101]

Example 6 In Example 1, bis (2-ethylhexyl) azelate (the product name: DOZ, manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) represented by the following formula was used instead of dibutyl itaconate.
The same operation was performed except that the same amount was used.

[0102]

Embedded image

A DC voltage of 5.0 kV or 6.0 kV was applied between the electrodes thus set. By applying a DC voltage of 5 kV first as described above, the rotating body 18 started to rotate, and the rotation was maintained during the voltage application. Also, by changing the voltage to 6.0 kV, the number of rotations was increased.

Table 5 shows the results.

[0105]

[Table 5]

As is clear from Table 5, the current value during the voltage application is 0.0, which is the measurement limit of the current measuring device used.
It was less than 5 mA.

[0107]

Example 7 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that the same amount of butylbenzyl phthalate represented by the following formula was used in place of dibutyl itaconate, and the applied voltage was 6.0 kV.

[0108]

Embedded image

By applying a DC voltage of 6.0 kV as described above, the rotating body 18 was rotated at a rotation speed of 26 rpm. It was confirmed that the needle of the ammeter slightly moved at the moment when the voltage was applied, but the current flowing at this time was 0.05 mA or less, which is the measurement limit of the ammeter used. Could not be measured.

[0110]

Example 8 In Example 1, bis (n-octyl) phthalate represented by the following formula was used instead of dibutyl itaconate:
And the same operation except that the applied voltage was 6.0 kV.

[0111]

Embedded image

By applying a DC voltage of 6.0 kV as described above, the rotating body 18 was rotated at a rotational speed of 43 rpm. It was confirmed that the needle of the ammeter slightly moved at the moment when the voltage was applied, but the current flowing at this time was 0.05 mA or less, which is the measurement limit of the ammeter used. Could not be measured.

[0113]

Embodiment 9 An apparatus having the same structure as shown in FIG. 1 but having 16 electrodes was prepared. That is, this container 2
Has an inner diameter of 25 mm, and 16 electrodes are arranged at equal intervals along the inner circumference. And in this container,
Similarly, a rotating body 18 having eight blades is rotatably arranged.

The 16 electrodes are numbered 1 to 16 clockwise so that the numbers of adjacent electrodes are continuous. About 17 ml of dibutyl decandioate represented by the following formula was put into this apparatus, and a voltage of 6.0 kV was applied to each electrode as shown in Table 6.

[0115]

[Table 6]

Note) As is clear from Table 6, Table 6 shows an example in which four pairs of positive and negative electrodes are arranged. The + sign below the electrode number indicates that this electrode is a positive electrode. -, Which is given below the electrode number indicates that this electrode is a negative electrode. Electrodes which are not described below the electrode numbers are dummy electrodes. The directions of rotation are all clockwise.

In Table 6, the rotation speed of 135 rpm was
1,5,9,13 are positive electrodes, electrodes 2,6,10,14 are negative electrodes,
This was achieved under the condition that the remaining eight electrodes were insulated as dummy electrodes. That is, when a DC voltage of 6.0 kV was applied, the rotating body 18 started rotating, and continued to rotate clockwise constantly at a rotation speed of 135 rpm.

Similarly, the electrodes 1, 5, 9, and 13 are used as positive electrodes,
Under the condition that 3, 7, 11, 15 are used as negative electrodes and the remaining eight electrodes are used as dummy electrodes, the rotation speed of the rotating body 18 is 120
rpm.

In each case, it was confirmed that the needle of the ammeter slightly moved at the moment when the electrode was applied, but the current flowing at this time was 0.05 mA, which is the measurement limit of the ammeter used.
The following was true, and an accurate current could not be measured.

Next, as shown in Table 7, the rotation speed of the rotating body 18 was measured with three pairs of electrodes.

[0121]

[Table 7]

Note: The meanings of + and-in Table 7 are the same as in Table 6. In each case, it was confirmed that the needle of the ammeter slightly moved at the moment when the electrode was applied, but the current flowing at this time was the measurement limit of the ammeter used.
It was less than 05 mA, and an accurate current could not be measured.

Next, as shown in Table 8, the rotation speed of the rotating body 18 was measured with two pairs of electrodes.

[0124]

[Table 8]

Note: The meanings of + and-in Table 8 are the same as in Table 6. In Table 8 above, the negative electrode is No. 6,
In the case of No. 14, 7, 15, 8 or 16, the rotating body 1
8 and the medium are completely stopped, when the voltage is applied, the rotating body 18 starts rotating counterclockwise.
In order to adjust the rotation direction, the rotating body 18 was manually rotated clockwise just before the voltage application, and the initial rotation direction was made clockwise. Then, the voltage was applied and the clockwise steady rotation number was measured. The results are as shown in Table 8.

In each case, it was confirmed that the needle of the ammeter slightly moved at the moment when the electrode was applied, but the current flowing at this time was the measurement limit of the ammeter used.
It was less than 05 mA, and an accurate current could not be measured.

Next, as shown in Table 9, the electrodes to which the voltage was applied were changed, and as shown in Table 9, the voltage was applied to two pairs of electrodes, and the rotation speed of the rotating body 18 was measured.

[0128]

[Table 9]

Note: The meanings of + and-in Table 9 are the same as in Table 6. In each case, it was confirmed that the needle of the ammeter slightly moved at the moment when the electrode was applied.
It was less than 05 mA, and an accurate current could not be measured.

From the results shown in Tables 6 to 9, there is a tendency that the larger the number of positive and negative electrode pairs, the higher the rotational speed, and the smaller the interval between the positive and negative electrodes, the higher the rotational speed.

[0131]

Example 10 Using the apparatus and the electro-sensitive working medium used in Example 9, a DC voltage was applied to each electrode as shown in Table 10 below.

[0132]

[Table 10]

Note: The meanings of + and-in Table 10 are the same as in Table 6. In each case, it was confirmed that the needle of the ammeter slightly moved at the moment when the electrode was applied. Could not be measured.

As can be seen from Table 10, the number of rotations is not significantly affected by an increase in the number of positive electrodes, but the number of rotations tends to increase as the number of negative electrodes increases. However, when the positive electrode is No. 9 and the remaining electrodes are all negative electrodes, the number of rotations decreases despite the large number of negative electrodes. This is considered to be because the flow direction of the electro-sensitive working medium is not controlled because the negative electrodes are arranged at equal intervals on both the left and right sides of the positive electrode, which affects the rotation speed.

[0135]

Embodiment 11 In Embodiment 9, electrodes 1, 5, 9, and 13 shown in Table 6 were used as positive electrodes, and electrodes 2, 6, 10, and 1 were used.
In the same manner as the measurement using No. 4 as the negative electrode, the liquid temperature and the number of revolutions of the electro-sensitive working medium when the DC voltage of 6.0 kV was continuously applied for 2 hours were measured. Table 11 shows the results.

[0136]

[Table 11]

In each case, it was confirmed that the needle of the ammeter slightly moved at the moment when the electrode was applied, but the current flowing at this time was 0.05 mA, which is the measurement limit of the ammeter used.
The following was true, and an accurate current could not be measured.

As shown in Table 11, the number of rotations of the rotating body 18 remained unchanged and stable after 2 hours. Further, no heat generation was observed, indicating that the electric energy was efficiently converted.

[0139]

Embodiment 12 In Embodiment 9, electrodes 1, 5, 9, and 13 shown in Table 6 were used as positive electrodes, and electrodes 2, 6, 10, and 1 were used.
A DC voltage of 6.0 kV was applied in the same manner as the measurement using No. 4 as the negative electrode. At this time, the electro-sensitive working medium was heated, and the number of rotations at each liquid temperature was measured. Table 12 shows the results.

[0140]

[Table 12]

In each case, it was confirmed that the needle of the ammeter slightly moved at the moment when the electrode was applied, but the current flowing at this time was 0.05 mA, which is the measurement limit of the ammeter used.
The following was true, and an accurate current could not be measured.

From Table 12, it was found that the rotation speed of the rotating body 18 increased as the liquid temperature of the electro-sensitive working medium increased.

[0143]

Thirteenth Embodiment The structure shown in FIG.
The dibutyl decandioate used in Example 9 was applied to an apparatus in which eight electrodes were arranged at equal intervals along the inner circumference and the rotating body 18 was composed of six blade-shaped fans having a diameter of 9 mm. About 4 ml was put. A voltage of 6.0 kV was applied such that the eight electrodes of the device alternately turned positive and negative clockwise.

The rotator 18 immediately started rotating, and continued to rotate stably at a rotation speed of 363 rpm during application of a voltage. The current value at this time was 0.05 mA or less, which is the measurement limit of the ammeter used.

Thus, in the device having the structure shown in FIG. 1, an improvement in miniaturization characteristics due to the miniaturization of the device is observed. That is, when a voltage is applied to the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention to move the medium, if the applied voltage is the same, the smaller the device, the more the medium moves. In a conventional fluid moving device that combines mechanical elements, when the device is miniaturized, each mechanical element (part) must also be miniaturized in proportion to this. When miniaturizing such a mechanical element, However, the precision of components must be increased, and it is very difficult to increase the precision of such components. Therefore, when the device is miniaturized, the efficiency of the device generally decreases significantly. However, in the present invention,
As is clear from the comparison between the thirteenth embodiment and the first embodiment, the device can be miniaturized very easily.
Moreover, the miniaturization of such a device significantly enhances the efficiency of moving the medium, which is opposite to the common sense in the transfer of a medium combining mechanical elements.
According to the present invention, the smaller the device, the higher the efficiency, and the size of the device can be easily reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a rotating device using an electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a change state of a liquid level when a DC voltage is applied to the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of the vicinity of a positive electrode. It is a schematic diagram.

FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a state in which an electrode is provided in a tube filled with the electro-sensitive working medium, so that the electro-sensitive working medium moves.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams schematically showing fluidics using the electro-sensitive working medium of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the method of using the present invention for rotating an electrode.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Container used by this invention 2 ... Bottom cylindrical container 4 ... Lid 3a, 3b, 3c, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h ... Electrode 6 ... Rotor 10 ... electrosensitive the invention in the positive electrode 18 ... rotating body 21 ... electro-sensitive movable medium H ₀ of the liquid level by ... tension height H ₂ ... voltage electrode upon application of a Working medium height 23 Bearing 52a, 52b Branch pipe 63a, 63b Electrode 55 Electrode

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-32988 (JP, A) JP-A-6-57274 (JP, A) JP-A-7-238292 (JP, A) JP-A-6-49478 (JP, A) JP-A-10-66366 (JP, A) JP-A-8-284798 (JP, A) JP-A-8-226375 (JP, A) JP-A-9-208978 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C10M 105/32-105/48 C10M 129/66-129/84 C09K 3/00 C10N 40:14 F03G 7/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] (1) dialkyl itaconate, alkyl acetyl
Applying a voltage to a compound selected from luricinolate and dialkyl naphthenate using at least two electrodes, and moving the compound in the direction from the vicinity of one electrode side to the vicinity of the other electrode side. movement how the electro-sensitive movable medium. 2. Dialkyl itaconate and alkyl acetyl
The <br/> compound selected from Rurishinoreto and naphthenic acid dialkyl least by applying a voltage by two electrodes, electro-sensitive movable medium body movable from one electrode side near to the other electrode side near direction.