JP3041928U - Micro motor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract: A micromotor of the present invention is filled with a casing including a medium containing portion and a lid of the medium containing portion, and an electro-sensitive actuating medium filled inside the casing. A rotor that rotates by sensing a moving flow generated when the electro-sensitive movable medium moves due to the application of a voltage, a rotation shaft that rotatably locks this rotor in a housing, and a movement of the electro-sensitive movable medium. It has a plurality of electrodes for applying a voltage so as to form a flow, and is characterized in that the rotor is rotatably attached to the housing via a ball bearing mechanism. This micromotor includes a type having a blade rotor having a blade portion that senses a moving flow of an electromotive motion medium, a type in which the rotor is a cylindrical rotor, and a type in which a plurality of electrodes are arranged on the surface of the cylindrical rotor. There is a type in which the rotor is a cup-shaped rotor having a bottom opening through which the electro-sensitive movable medium enters, and a plurality of electrodes are arranged on the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the cup-shaped rotor, respectively. [Effect] The micromotor of the present invention is suitable for miniaturization.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Technical field of invention]

 The present invention relates to a micromotor using a compound (electro-sensitive fluid, Electro-conjugate Fluid (ECF)) that has the property of moving when a DC voltage is applied.

[0002]

[Technical background of the invention]

 It is known that when an electric field is applied to an insulating liquid, the characteristics of the liquid change depending on the type of liquid. For example, in a liquid crystal display, a voltage is applied to a liquid crystal compound that forms a liquid crystal phase intermediate between a solid phase and a liquid phase, and the light transmittance is adjusted by controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal compound and the like. Is formed. However, even if an electric field is formed in the liquid crystal compound, the liquid crystal compound regulated by the alignment plate does not flow freely without being released from such regulation.

Further, there is also known a liquid that exhibits an effect (electrorheological effect or Winslow effect) that characteristics such as viscosity of the liquid are changed by applying a voltage. However, the electrorheological effect or the Winslow effect is conventionally obtained by blending insulating oil with silica gel, cellulose, casaine, polystyrene-based ion exchange resin, etc., and dispersing these blending components (solid) in a heterogeneous system. Therefore, it has low stability during storage.

Further, although lubricants having an electrorheological effect have been proposed as lubricating oils for automobiles and the like, these lubricants are actually heterogeneous and have a problem in stability during storage.

The present inventor has found that a liquid flow is formed when a DC voltage is applied to a liquid (electrosensitive working medium) having specific characteristics and structure, and has already filed an application (Patent application No. No. 8-16871, No. 8-16872, No. 8-76259, No. 8-248417, No. 8-241679) and drawings). By using this electro-sensitive action medium, electric energy can be efficiently converted into rotational energy.

[0006]

[Purpose of the invention]

 An object of the present invention is to provide a novel micromotor using the electro-sensitive movable medium as described above.

[0007]

[Outline of the invention]

 The micromotor of the present invention comprises a housing including a medium containing portion for filling an electro-sensitive movable medium and a lid of the medium containing portion, an electro-sensitive movable medium filled in the casing, and an inside of the casing. Of the electro-sensitive movable medium of FIG. 2 when the medium moves by application of voltage, the rotor rotates by sensing the movement of the electro-sensitive movable medium, the rotating shaft that rotatably locks the rotor to the housing, and the electro-sensitive movable A plurality of electrodes for applying an electric voltage to the electro-sensitive actuating medium so as to form a moving flow of the medium, the rotor being rotatably fixed to the housing via at least one bearing mechanism. It is characterized by being.

More specifically, a first micromotor (SE type ECF motor) of the present invention comprises a housing including a medium containing portion for filling an electro-sensitive operation medium and a lid of the medium containing portion, An electro-sensing working medium filled in the housing, a rotor that senses the movement of the electro-sensing working medium when the electro-sensing working medium inside the housing moves by application of a voltage, and rotates, and the rotor. And a plurality of electrodes for applying a voltage to the electro-sensitive movable medium so as to form a moving flow of the electro-sensitive movable medium. A micromotor in which a rotor is rotatably fixed to a housing via a bearing mechanism, and the rotor is a wing portion that senses the movement of the electro-sensitive movable medium when the electro-sensitive movable medium moves. Characterized by being a wing rotor having You.

A second micromotor (RE-type ECF motor) of the present invention is a case including a medium accommodating part for filling an electro-sensitive operation medium and a lid of the medium accommodating part, and an inner part of the case. The electro-sensing working medium filled in the housing, a rotor that senses and rotates the electro-sensing working medium when the electro-sensing working medium inside the housing moves due to the application of voltage, and the rotor is mounted on the housing. The rotor has a rotating shaft that is rotatably fixed and a plurality of electrodes for applying a voltage to the electro-sensitive movable medium so as to form a moving flow of the electro-sensitive movable medium, and the rotor is provided with a bearing mechanism. The rotor is a tubular rotor, and a plurality of electrodes are arranged on the surface of the tubular rotor.

Further, a third micromotor (cup type ECF motor) of the present invention is a case including a medium accommodating part for filling an electro-sensitive operation medium and a lid of the medium accommodating part, and an inside of the case. The electrically sensitive working medium filled in the housing, the rotor that senses the movement of the electrically sensitive working medium when the electrically sensitive working medium inside the housing moves by the application of voltage, and rotates, and the rotor that rotates the rotor around the housing. The rotor has a rotating shaft that is movably fixed and a plurality of electrodes for applying a voltage to the electro-sensitive movable medium so as to form a moving flow of the electro-sensitive movable medium. A micromotor rotatably supported by a casing, wherein the rotor is a bottom-opened rotor made of a cylindrical body whose bottom is open so that an electro-sensitive movable medium enters the inside. Electrode outside bottom open rotor It is characterized in that a plurality of them are arranged on at least one wall surface selected from the group consisting of the peripheral surface, the inner peripheral surface, the inner wall surface of the housing, and the wall surface of the bottom of the housing protruding in a convex shape.

In the third micromotor (cup-type ECF motor), the electrodes are at least the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the bottom open rotor, both the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the bottom open rotor, and the housing. It is laid on the inner peripheral wall surface of the housing, and on the wall surface of the bottom of the housing protruding in a convex shape. Therefore, the electrode may be arranged along the longitudinal direction of the casing on the surface of the inner peripheral wall surface of the casing as in the SE type ECF motor, or the bottom side protruding in a convex shape. It may be laid on the surface along the height direction.

That is, the micromotor of the present invention includes an SE type ECF motor having electrodes fixed to the inner wall surface of the housing and a RE type ECF motor having electrodes laid on the surface of a cylindrical rotor. Type ECF motors are a hybrid of these. In this cup type ECF motor, the rotor has a cylindrical shape with the bottom at the top and the bottom at the bottom (closed cup shape). Therefore, in the present invention, the rotor is opened at the bottom (cup shape rotor). It may also be referred to as an electrode, but inside and outside of this cup-shaped rotor, electrodes can be appropriately arranged as used in the RE-type ECF motor, and electrodes can be arranged as in the SE-type ECF motor. It can also be arranged. That is, an outer wall surface of the cup-shaped rotor and an RE-type / RE-type composite type in which electrodes are laid on the inner wall surface of the cup-shaped rotor, and a fixed electrode is attached to the inner wall of the housing so as to come into contact with the electrosensitive working medium on the outer side of the cup-shaped rotor. SE type / SE type composite type, in which fixed electrodes are laid on the shaft part (bottom protruding part) in the electric working medium space inside the cup-shaped rotor, and RE-type electrodes are laid on the outer wall surface of the cup-shaped rotor Then, the RE-type / SE-type composite type in which the fixed electrode is laid on the shaft portion (bottom side wall protruding in a convex shape) in the electric working medium space inside the cup-shaped rotor, and the electro-sensitive working medium outside the cup-shaped rotor There is an SE-type / RE-type composite type in which a fixed electrode is laid on the inner wall of the housing in contact with, and a RE-type electrode is laid on the inner peripheral wall of the cup-shaped rotor.

The electrosensitive working medium used in the micromotor of the present invention shows the relationship between the conductivity σ and the viscosity η of the fluid at the operating temperature, with the horizontal axis representing the conductivity σ and the vertical axis representing the viscosity η. In the graph, conductivity σ = 4 × 10 ^-10 S / m, viscosity η = 1 × 10 ⁰ Pa · s, point P, conductivity σ = 4 × 10 ^-10 S / m, viscosity η = 1 A right-angled triangle with a point Q represented by × 10 ^-4 Pa · s, a conductivity σ = 5 × 10 ^-6 S / m, a viscosity η = 1 × 10 ^-4 Pa · s as a vertex Or a mixture of two or more compounds prepared to have a conductivity σ and a viscosity η located inside the triangle.

The micromotor of the present invention can convert electric energy into rotational energy with higher efficiency by being downsized. For example, it was confirmed that the efficiency expressed by the output energy / input energy reaches up to 40% when the SE type ECF motor with the inner diameter of the housing is 4 mm.

[0015]

[Specific explanation of the device]

 Next, the micromotor of the present invention will be specifically described. 1 to 9 are sectional views schematically showing a micromotor of the present invention.

The micromotor of the present invention includes a housing, a rotor rotatably fixed to the housing by a rotating shaft through a bearing mechanism, an electrode for applying a DC voltage, and an inside of the housing. And an electro-sensitive working medium filled in. 1 to 6, reference numeral 10 is a housing, reference numeral 20 is a rotary shaft, reference numeral 30 is a rotor, reference numeral 40 is an electrode, reference numeral 50 is an electro-sensitive working medium, and reference numeral 16 is a bearing mechanism. .

The casing 10 has a bottomed cylindrical medium accommodation portion 11 for accommodating an electro-sensitive operation medium, and an upper lid 12 for closing an upper opening portion of the medium accommodation portion 11. There is. The medium containing portion 11 can be formed from a cylindrical member 12 forming a side wall and a bottom member 13 forming a bottom. At the center of the bottom member 13, a concave bearing portion 14 that rotatably locks the bottom end of the rotary shaft 20 is formed. The concave bearing portion 14 is provided with a bearing mechanism 16 so as to reduce friction with the rotary shaft 20. In addition, the upper lid 12 is provided so as to close the upper open portion of the medium containing portion 11. At the center of the upper lid 12, an upper bearing portion 15 that rotatably supports the upper portion of the rotary shaft 20 is formed. The upper bearing portion 15 is also provided with a bearing mechanism 16.

A rotor 30 is arranged in the housing 10. The rotor 30 is arranged so as to rotate with respect to the housing 10 by a rotating shaft 20. The rotor 30 is rotated by the moving flow generated in the electro-sensitive movable medium 50 filled in the housing 10.

In the present invention, the housing 10, the rotor 30, etc. are made of synthetic resin (eg, polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, Teflon, polycarbonate, acrylic resin, etc.) that is not corroded by the filled electro-sensitive working medium. Plastic, etc.), ceramics, wood, metal, glass, etc. Further, the medium containing portion 11, the upper lid 12, the rotor 30 and the like can be made of a conductive material such as metal such as stainless steel, but if the insulation between the electrodes is impaired, the It is preferable to apply an insulating treatment or to form an electrically insulating material.

A plurality of electrodes 40 are arranged substantially parallel to the rotating shaft 20 on the inner peripheral wall surface of the housing 10 or the contact surface of the rotor 30 with the electro-sensitive movable medium. The plurality of electrodes 40 are composed of a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The polarity of the arranged electrodes can be set variously, and for example, the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes can be arranged alternately. The electrode 40 is electrically connected to a lead wire outside the housing 10 in order to supply electricity from the outside of the micromotor.

In the micromotor of the present invention, as the bearing mechanism 16, any one of a needle bearing mechanism, a roller bearing mechanism, a ball bearing mechanism, a sleeve bearing mechanism, an oil-impregnated bearing mechanism and a hydrostatic bearing mechanism can be adopted. It This bearing mechanism 16 may be the same or different when there are a plurality of bearing portions.

As shown in FIG. 10, the electrosensitive working medium 50 filled in the housing 10 has a conductivity σ on the abscissa and a viscosity η on the ordinate, and the conductivity σ of the fluid at the operating temperature. In the graph showing the relationship with the viscosity η, the conductivity σ = 4 × 10 ^-10 S / m, the point P represented by the viscosity η = 1 × 10 ⁰ Pa · s, the conductivity σ = 4 × 10 ^-10 S / m, point Q represented by viscosity η = 1 × 10 ^-4 Pa · s, conductivity σ = 5 × 10 ^-6 S / m, point represented by viscosity η = 1 × 10 ^-4 Pa · s A compound having a conductivity σ and a viscosity η located inside a right-angled triangle having R as its apex, or two or more kinds of compounds adjusted to have a conductivity σ and a viscosity η located inside the triangle. It consists of a mixture of compounds. In particular, electric conductivity σ = 5 × 10 ^-10 S / m, viscosity η = 8 × 10 ^-1 Pa · s at point P ⁰ , electric conductivity σ = 5 × 10 ^-10 S / m, viscosity η = A point Q ⁰ represented by 2 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa · s, a conductivity σ = 2.5 × 10 ⁻⁶ S / m, and a point R ⁰ represented by a viscosity η = 2 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa · s. A compound having an electric conductivity σ and a viscosity η located inside a right triangle having an apex, or a mixture of two or more kinds of compounds adjusted to have an electric conductivity σ and a viscosity η located inside the triangle. It is preferable that In FIG. 10, ♦ represents an electro-sensitive movable medium capable of driving the micromotor of the present invention, and ⋄ represents a medium which is difficult to drive.

Examples of the electro-sensitive movable medium that can be used in the present invention include (1) dibutyl adipate (DBA) (σ = 3.01 × 10 ⁻⁹ S / m, η = 3.5 × 10 ^{− 3} Pa · s), (6) Triacetin (σ = 3.64 × 10 ⁻⁹ S / m, η = 1.4 × 10 ⁻² Pa · s),

[0024]

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(11) Butyl cellosolve acetate (σ = 2.10 × 10 ⁻⁸ S / m, η = 7.0 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa · s), (12) Butyl carbitol acetate (σ = 5.20 ×) 10 ⁻⁸ S / m, η = 1.7 × 10 ⁻³ Pa · s), (13) 3-Methoxy-3-methylbutylacetate (Solfit AC) (σ = 8.30 × 10 ⁻⁸ S / m) m, η = 6.0 × 10 ^-4 Pa ・ s), (14) Dibutyl fumarate (DBF) (σ = 2.65 × 10 ^-9 S / m, η = 3.5 × 10 ^-3 Pa ・ s) s), (17) propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PMA) (σ = 1.56 × 10 ⁻⁷ S / m, η = 6.0 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa · s),

[0026]

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(18) Methylacetylricinoleate (MAR-N) (σ = 1.30 × 10 ⁻⁸ S / m, η = 1.3 × 10 ⁻² Pa · s),

[0028]

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(20) Dibutyl itaconate (DBI) (σ = 1.46 × 10 ⁻⁸ S / m, η = 3.5 × 10 ⁻³ Pa · s),

[0030]

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(23) 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (trade name: Kyowanol D) (σ = 6.24 × 10 ^-9 S / m, η = 4.0) × 10 ^-3 Pa ・ s),

[0032]

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(26) Propylene glycol ethyl ether acetate (trade name; BP-ethoxypropyl acetate) (σ = 3.10 × 10 ⁻⁸ S / m, η = 6.0 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa · s),

[0034]

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(27) 9,10-Epoxy butyl stearate (Product name: Sanso Sizer E-4030) (σ = 5.46 × 10 ⁻⁹ S / m, η = 2.0 × 10 ⁻² Pa · s ),

[0036]

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(28) Telolahydrophthalic acid dioctyl ester (trade name: Sanso Sizer DOTP) (σ = 6.20 × 10 ⁻¹⁰ S / m, η = 4.0 × 10 ⁻² Pa · s), (33 ) 1-Ethoxy-2-acetoxypropane (σ = 4.41 × 10 ⁻⁷ S / m, η = 4.0 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa · s), (35) Linalyl acetate (σ = 1.82 × 10 ^-9 S / m, η = 1.3 × 10 ^-3 Pa ・ s)

[0038]

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(36) Dibutyl decanedioate (σ = 1.35 × 10 ⁻⁹ S / m, η = 7.0 × 10 ⁻³ Pa · s) can be mentioned.

Furthermore, in the present invention, a plurality of compounds can be used in combination as the electro-sensitive actuation medium. In this case, the conductivity and viscosity of the mixture obtained as a result of the combination may be set inside the triangle defined by points P, Q and R in FIG.

That is, the above-mentioned relationship between the conductivity and the viscosity is such that even if the conductivity and / or the viscosity of each compound is not within the above range, a plurality of compounds are mixed and the mixture When the electric conductivity and the viscosity of the above are within the above ranges, it can be used as the electrosensitive working medium in the present invention.

For example, neither conductivity nor viscosity is within the above range, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (trade name; Kyowanol M) (σ = 6.80 × 10 ^-8 S / m, η = 1.2 × 10 ^-2 Pa ・ s) and 2-ethylhexyl palmitate (trade name; Exepearl EH-P) (σ = 2.60 × 10 ^-10 S / m, η = 9.5 × 10 ⁻³ Pa · s) in a weight ratio of 1: 4 (37) (σ = 2.60 × 10 ⁻⁹ S / m, η = 9.8 × 10) ^-3 Pa · s) can be used as an electroactive working medium, and DAM (Diallyl Maleate) (σ = 7.8 × 10 ⁻⁷ S / m) whose conductivity and viscosity are neither within the above range. , η = 2.5 × 10 ^-3 Pa ・ s) and butyl stearate (trade name; Exepar BS) (σ = 3.1 × 10 ^-10 S / m, η = 8.5 × 10 ^-3) the Pa · s) and a 1: mixture in the weight ratio of 4 (38) (σ = 4.17 × 10 -9 S / m, ^{= 5.0 × 10 -3 Pa · s} ) can also be used as electro-sensitive movable medium.

Further, the electro-sensitive movable medium used in the present invention may have the above-mentioned conductivity and viscosity under the conditions in which the electro-sensitive movable medium is used. Immediately, the above-mentioned electric conductivity and viscosity are measured at room temperature, but it is known that the respective physical properties differ depending on the temperature. For example, at room temperature (25 ° C), even if the compound is not within the above range, when the operating temperature is high or low, the conductivity and viscosity of the electrosensitive working medium at that operating temperature are within the above range. Can be used as an electro-sensitive actuating medium. As a specific example, the compound No. (15), 2-ethylhexylbenzyl phthalate (trade name; Plasizer B-8), has a conductivity σ of 1.10 x as measured at 25 ° C. It is 10 ^-8 S / m, the viscosity η is 7.8 × 10 ^-2 Pa · s, and even if a direct current of 6 kV is applied at 25 ° C., the micromotor cannot be driven. However, the dielectric constant σ of 2-ethylhexylbenzyl phthalate at 100 ° C, which is a heating body (39) obtained by heating 2-ethylhexylbenzyl phthalate of compound number (15) to 100 ° C, is 9.90 × 10 ^-9 S / m, the viscosity η is 3.5 × 10 ⁻² Pa · s, and at 100 ° C., a micromotor can be driven by applying a 6 kV direct current to the heating body (39).

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of a SE type ECF motor (Stator-electrode type electro-conjugate fluid motor) which is the first micromotor of the present invention.

The SE type ECF motor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a bottomed cylindrical medium containing portion 11 for filling the electro-sensitive movable medium 50, an upper lid 12 of the medium containing portion 11, and the medium containing portion. It has a blade rotor 30 which rotates by sensing the movement of the working medium 50 when the electro-sensitive working medium 50 inside the portion 11 moves by applying a voltage. Here, the bottom member 13 of the bottomed cylindrical medium containing portion 11 is provided with electrode insertion holes 41 for arranging the electrodes 40a ... 40h. The upper lid 12 also has electrode fixing holes 42 for fixing the electrodes 40a ... 40h inserted from the electrode insertion holes 41 to the inner peripheral wall surface of the housing 10.

An upper bearing portion 15 into which the rotating shaft 20 of the blade rotor 30 is fitted is formed at the center of the upper lid 12. The blade rotor 30 has a plurality of blade plates 31 arranged radially from the rotary shaft 20, and the blade rotor 30 has a concave bearing 14 provided at the center of the bottom member 13 in the medium containing portion 11. A rotating shaft 20 rotatably fixed by the upper bearing portion 15 is rotatably fixed to the housing 10. The vane 31 is usually in the shape of a plate, but in addition to the plate, various shapes such as a shape curved in the flow direction or a ratchet shape can be used so that the movement of the electro-sensitive movable medium can be efficiently utilized. Can be in the form of.

The electrodes 40a ... 40h are introduced into the medium housing portion 11 through the electrode insertion holes 41, and are extended upward along the inner wall surface of the medium housing portion 11 so as not to hinder the rotation of the blade rotor 18. The tip is inserted and fixed in the electrode fixing hole 42.

The electro-sensitive movable medium 50 is placed in the medium containing portion 11 to the extent that most of the blade rotor 30 is embedded in the medium, and a DC voltage is applied to the electrodes 40a ... 40h. Alternatively, a dummy electrode may be provided.

In the SE type ECF motor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, a blade rotor 30 having eight blades 31 is arranged inside a cylindrical medium housing portion 11, and inside the medium housing portion 11. When a SE type ECF motor is prepared by filling the electro-sensitive working medium 50 with electrodes 40a ... 40h as shown in FIG. 2 and a DC voltage is applied between the electrodes, the blade rotor 30 starts to rotate. At this time, the rotation speed tends to increase as the number of blades 31 increases, and the smaller the electrode spacing, the higher the rotation speed tends to increase as the number of electrode pairs increases. Further, the rotation speed of the blade rotor 30 increases and decreases in proportion to the applied voltage.

3 and 4 are cross-sectional views schematically showing an example of the structure of a RE-type ECF motor (Rotor-electrode type electro-conjugate fluid motor) which is the second micromotor.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, the RE type ECF motor has a bottomed medium containing portion 11 for containing the electro-sensitive movable medium 50, and an upper open portion of the medium containing portion 11 for fitting into the medium containing portion. The lid 10 has a housing 12 for sealing the portion 11, and the lid 12 has a bearing mechanism 16 and is fitted into an opening in the upper portion of the medium containing portion 11 to form a lid. A housing 10 that is sealed by a body 12 and a medium containing portion 11 is formed.

A concave bearing portion 14 is provided at the center of the bottom of the medium containing portion 11. The lower end portion of the rotary shaft 20 is supported by the bearing portion 14. The concave bearing portion 14 is provided with a rotary contact 46 for electrically connecting the external terminal 48 and the electrodes 40a, 40c, 40e, 40g. The rotary contact 46 is in contact with the lower rotary shaft 22. Mercury 47 is enclosed in the rotary contact 46, and the mercury 47 is in contact with the lower rotary shaft 22. A bearing mechanism 16 is formed in the concave bearing portion 14 so that the coefficient of friction between the concave bearing portion 14 and the lower rotary shaft 22 can be reduced. Further, the mercury 47 in the rotary contact 46 is an example of a low melting point conductive material, and in the present invention, a low melting point conductive metal (low melting point conductive material) such as cadmium or gallium is used in place of mercury. You can also

The upper portion of the medium containing portion 11 is open to fill the electro-sensitive movable medium 50. The upper lid 12 forms a hermetically sealed housing 10 by being filled in the medium containing portion 11 with the electro-sensitive movable medium 50 and then fitted into the released medium containing portion 11.

The upper lid 12 further has an upper bearing portion 15 at the center thereof, through which the upper rotary shaft 21 penetrates. The upper bearing portion 15 is provided with a rotary contact 45 for supplying electricity to the electrodes 40b, 40d, 40f and 40h via the upper rotary shaft 22. A bearing mechanism 16 is incorporated in the upper rotary shaft 21 to reduce the coefficient of friction with the upper bearing shaft hole 15. A conductive wire is led out from the rotary contact 45 to form an external terminal 48. These rotary contacts 45 are also filled with mercury as a conductor.

Note that, in FIG. 3, the upper lid 12 is formed so as to fit into the medium containing portion 11. However, in order to enhance the airtightness of the housing 10, the medium containing portion 11 and the upper lid 12 are formed. The body 12 may be screwed together, and a seal or the like may be interposed between the medium containing portion 11 and the upper lid 12 to further enhance the airtightness.

The rotating shaft 20 is divided into an upper portion and a lower portion by a cylindrical rotor 30 provided in the medium containing portion 11, and the upper rotating shaft 21 and the lower rotating shaft 22 are electrically insulated by an insulating member 23. It is insulated. The upper rotary shaft 21 is rotatably supported by penetrating the upper bearing portion 15 provided on the upper lid body 12, while the lower end portion of the lower rotary shaft 22 is rotatably supported. It is rotatably supported by a concave bearing portion 14 provided at the center of the bottom portion. Between the upper rotary shaft 21 and the lower rotary shaft 22, a cylindrical rotor 30 that rotates with the rotary shaft 20 inside the medium containing portion 11 is arranged. The cylindrical rotor 30 has a cylindrical shape with the rotating shaft 20 as the central axis of rotation, and is arranged with a gap so as not to contact the inner peripheral wall surface of the medium containing portion 11. . The ratio of the inner diameter of the medium containing portion 11 to the diameter of the cylindrical rotor 30 (inner diameter of the medium containing portion 11 / diameter of the rotor 30) is usually 1.01 or more, and particularly 1.05 to 10. It is preferably in the range of 0. Further, for example, the inner diameter of the medium containing portion 11 is set to 30 mm or less, and the ratio of the inner diameter of the medium containing portion 11 / the diameter of the cylindrical rotor 30 is set within the range of 1.5 to 3.0. By reducing the size, the rotational torque at the same rotational speed increases. That is, this rotating body (RE type ECF motor) has the characteristic that its performance is further improved by making it smaller.

The cylindrical rotor 30 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may have various shapes such as a rectangular parallelepiped shape, one having a large number of protrusions on its surface, and a star-shaped cross section, depending on the purpose of use. . Further, the cylindrical rotor 30 can be hollow, and when it is hollow, the hollow portion can be filled with vacuum, air, gas, liquid, solid or the like, and its weight can be adjusted variously. By adjusting the weight of the tubular rotor 30, the specific gravity of the tubular rotor 30 in the electrosensitive working medium 50 can be adjusted, and the motility or balance of the tubular rotor 30 can be adjusted.

Electrodes 40 a, 40 c, 40 e, 40 g connected to the upper rotary shaft 21 and electrodes 40 b, 40 d, 40 f, 40 h connected to the lower rotary shaft 22 are formed on the surface of the cylindrical tubular rotor 30 as described above. Has been laid. The electrodes 40a, 40c, 40e, 40g and the electrodes 40a, 40c, 40e, 40g can be formed by stretching a conductor wire on the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical rotor 30. The arrangement positions of the electrodes 40a, 40c, 40e, 40g and the electrodes 40a, 40c, 40e, 40g can be set appropriately. FIG. 3 shows an example of the arrangement of electrodes when the RE type ECF motor in which the cylindrical rotor 30 is arranged is viewed from above. The angle θ between the electrodes 40a, 40c, 40e, 40g and the electrodes 40b, 40d, 40f, 40h is usually set to 1.0 ° to 180 °, preferably 3.0 ° to 90.0 °. Be done. Since the inter-electrode angle θ varies depending on the number of electrodes to be stretched, in order to set the inter-electrode angle θ to the above value, the electrodes 40a ... Can be installed.

3 and 4, the electrode extends from the electrode fixing hole 44 to the surface of the cylindrical rotor 30, and the tip of the electrode is inserted into the electrode fixing hole 43 so that it extends over the surface of the cylindrical rotor 30. It is set up.

The electro-sensitive movable medium 50 is filled inside the housing 10 having the above-described configuration. FIGS. 3 and 4 show an example of a RE type ECF motor including a tubular rotor 30 formed of a tubular member inside the housing 10. The cylindrical rotor 30 is provided with the rotating shaft 20 formed of, for example, a metal round bar or the like.

The positive and negative terminals of the DC power supply are connected so that a DC voltage can be applied between the electrodes 40a, 40c, 40e, 40g and the electrodes 40b, 40d, 40f, 40h of the RE type ECF motor as described above. Connected to the external terminals 48, 48, respectively. In this case, one of the electrodes 40a, 40c, 40e, 40g and the electrodes 40b, 40d, 40f, 40h is the positive electrode and the other is the negative electrode, but either may be the positive electrode. When the DC voltage is applied, the electro-sensitive movable medium 50 starts to flow, and the tubular rotor 30 starts rotating as the electro-sensitive movable medium 50 flows. The current that flows when a DC voltage is applied is extremely small, usually 0.5 mA or less, and often 20 μA or less, because the electro-sensitive movable medium used in the present invention is not substantially conductive. Is.

FIGS. 5A, 5B, 6, 7, 8 and 9 schematically show a structural example of a cup type ECF motor which is the third micromotor of the present invention. It is a sectional view. 5A is a schematic view taken along the line CC of FIG. 6, and FIG. 5B is a schematic view taken along the line D-D of FIG.

5 (a), 5 (b) and 6, the cup type ECF motor is provided with a casing 10 for accommodating the electrosensitive working medium 50, and rotatably provided in the casing 10. It has a cup-shaped rotor 30. The housing 10 includes a medium housing portion 11 having a bottom member 13 protruding upward so as to enter the inside of the cup-shaped rotor 30 and an upper lid 12. In addition, a cup-shaped rotor 30 which covers the bottom member 13 protruding upward so as not to come into contact with the bottom member 13 is rotatably attached to the housing 10 by a rotating shaft 20. . Further, electrodes 40, 40 are stretched on the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the cup-shaped rotor 30 so as to come into contact with the electro-sensitive movable medium filled in the housing 10.

The medium containing portion 11 is composed of a tubular body that forms the side wall of the housing 10 and a bottom member 13. The bottom member seals the lower end of the tubular body, and its central portion is upwardly rounded. It is protruding in a pillar shape. A lower bearing member 14a is arranged at the upper end of the protruding columnar bottom member, and a lower rotary shaft 22 forming a rotary shaft 20 is rotatably fixed to the lower bearing member 14a. ing. Further, the lower bearing member 14a is provided with a rotary contact 46 filled with mercury 47 as a conductive substance, and the rotary contact 46 is in contact with the lower rotary shaft 22. A conductor 48 for supplying electric power from an external power supply source is led out from the rotary contact 46. A bearing mechanism 16 is incorporated in the lower bearing portion 14a to reduce friction between the rotary shaft 20 and the lower bearing portion 14a.

The upper portion of the medium containing portion 11 is open, and the housing 10 can be sealed by fitting the upper lid 12 into the open portion. An upper bearing portion 15 is provided at the center of the upper lid 12, and the upper bearing portion 15 rotatably locks an upper rotary shaft 21 forming a rotary shaft 20. A rotating contact 45 filled with mercury 47 as a conductive substance is formed in the upper bearing portion, and a conducting wire 48 for supplying electric power from an external electric power source is led out from the rotating contact 45. ing. A bearing mechanism 16 is incorporated in the upper bearing portion 15 to reduce friction between the rotary shaft 20 and the upper bearing portion 15.

The rotating shaft 20 is composed of an upper rotating shaft 21 and a lower rotating shaft 22 that are electrically insulated by an insulating member 23. The upper rotating shaft 21 is rotated by a rotating contact 45 formed on the upper lid 12. The lower rotary shaft 22 can be supplied with electric power from an external electric power source by a rotary contact 46 formed on the lower bearing member 14a formed on the top of the bottom member.

The cup-shaped rotor 30 locks the rotor tubular body 34 having an open bottom and the rotor tubular body 34 on the rotary shaft 20 and independently of the upper rotary shaft 21 and the lower rotary shaft 22. It has a rotor lid 35 that functions as an energization unit for joining and supplying electric power to the electrode 40. Then, on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor tubular body 34, there are provided external first electrodes 40r2 ... Conducting with the upper rotating shaft 21 and external second electrodes 40s1 ... Conducting with the lower rotating shaft 22. Further, on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor cylindrical body 34, internal first electrodes 40u2 ... Conducting with the upper rotary shaft 21 and internal second electrodes 40u1 ... Conducting with the lower rotary shaft 22 are provided. It is provided. That is, the external first electrodes 40r2 ... It is stretched, and its tip is inserted and fixed in an electrode fixing hole 39b provided in the lower end edge of the rotor tubular body 34. Also, the external second electrodes 40s1 ... It is provided and its tip is inserted and fixed in an electrode fixing hole 39d provided in the lower end edge of the rotor tubular body. On the other hand, the internal first electrodes 40u2, ... The end is inserted and fixed in an electrode fixing hole 39e provided in the lower end edge of the rotor tubular body 34. Further, the internal second electrode 40u1 is connected to the lower rotary shaft 22 and is stretched downward along the inner peripheral surface of the rotor tubular body, and its tip is provided at the lower end of the rotor tubular body 34. It is inserted and fixed in the formed electrode fixing hole 39f.

Therefore, the external first electrodes 40r2 ... And the internal first electrodes 40u2 ... Have the same polarity, and the external second electrodes 40s1 ... And the internal second electrodes 40u1. .. and have the same polarity. The external electrodes are usually arranged in the circumferential direction such that positive electrodes and negative electrodes are alternately located. Further, the internal electrodes are usually arranged so that the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are alternately located in the circumferential direction.

As described above, the medium-sensing portion 11 in which the cup-shaped rotor 30 is provided is filled with the electro-sensitive movable medium 50 to such an extent that the cup-shaped rotor is at least submerged, and the upper lid 12 is used to fill the medium-storing portion 11 When the upper part of the coil is sealed and the wires 48, 48 are connected to an external power supply source to apply a DC voltage, a moving flow of the electro-sensitive movable medium 50 is formed, and the cup-shaped rotor rotates.

The description of the cup-type ECF motor, which is the third micromotor, is given for the cup motor (RE type / RE type type) in which electrodes are laid on both the inner peripheral wall surface and the outer peripheral wall surface of the rotor tubular body 34. ) As an example, this cup-type ECF motor is a composite type of the SE-type ECF motor and the RE-type ECF motor described above. There are 4 types.

RE-type / RE-type composite type As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the RE-type / RE-type composite type has electrodes laid on the outer wall surface of the cup-shaped rotor and the inner wall surface of the cup-shaped rotor.

SE type / SE type composite type As shown in FIG. 7, a fixed electrode is laid on the inner wall of the housing so as to come into contact with the electrosensitive working medium on the outside of the cup-shaped rotor, and the electric working medium on the inside of the cup-shaped rotor is placed. SE type / SE type composite type in which fixed electrodes are laid on the shaft part (bottom part protruding in a convex shape) in the space.

RE type / SE type composite type As shown in FIG. 8, the RE type electrode is laid on the outer wall surface of the cup-shaped rotor, and the shaft portion (the bottom portion protruding in a convex shape) in the electric working medium space inside the cup-shaped rotor is provided. ) Fixed type electrode is laid in RE type / SE type combined type. SE-type / RE-type composite type As shown in FIG. 9, the SE-type rotor has a fixed electrode laid on the inner wall of the housing in contact with the electro-sensitive movable medium outside the cup-shaped rotor, and an RE-type electrode laid on the inner wall of the cup-shaped rotor. Type / RE type composite type.

In FIGS. 7 to 9 described above, members common to those in FIGS. 5 and 6 are given common reference numbers. In addition, in FIGS. 7 to 9, the electrode is represented by a number 43, and the symbols “+” and “−” added after the number indicate whether the electrode is a positive electrode or a negative electrode. Indicates whether there is. The arrangement of the electrodes shows an example of the electrodes in the cup type ECF motor, and the present invention is not limited to these.

The SE type ECF motor, RE type ECF motor, and cup type ECF motor shown above are examples of the micromotor of the present invention, and the micromotor of the present invention can be variously modified. .

The micrometer of the present invention has a higher power density as it is made smaller. Using the SE type ECF motor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the miniaturization characteristics of the motor were investigated. The SE-type ECF motor used here is an SE-type ECF motor having an inner peripheral diameter of a medium containing portion 11 made of engineering plastic of 4 mm and a blade rotor 30 made of eight polyester films of 0.5 mm thickness. It is an ECF motor. Hereinafter, this is referred to as "4 mm SE type ECF motor". A bearing mechanism is incorporated in the bearing of this 4 mm SE type ECF motor. The electrosensitive working medium used here is dibutyl decanedioate (DBD). FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the rotation speed and the flow current with respect to the applied voltage of this 4 mm SE type ECF motor.

On the other hand, an SE type ECF motor having a structure similar to that of the 4 mm SE type ECF motor and having a doubled scale was manufactured. Hereinafter, this SE type ECF motor will be referred to as "8 mm SE type ECF motor". Again, decanedioic acid dibutyl (DBD) was used as the electrosensitive working medium.

A direct current voltage of 0 to 6 kV is applied to the 4 mm SE type ECF motor and the 8 mm SE type ECF motor, and the rotation speed, input power and output of the SE type ECF motor at each applied voltage are measured, and these From the results, the efficiency (Output Pawer / Input Pawer) of the 4 mm SE type ECF motor and the 8 mm SE type ECF motor was calculated. The results are shown in FIG. 11 (a) shows the rotation speed, input power, output power and efficiency of the 4 mm SE type ECF motor, and FIG. 11 (b) shows the rotation speed, input power, output power and efficiency of the 8 mm SE type ECF motor. It represents. The input power was obtained from the applied voltage and the current, and the output power was obtained from the torque and the rotation speed.

As is clear from FIG. 11A, the maximum efficiency of the 4 mm SE type ECF motor was 17% at an applied voltage of about 2 kV. On the other hand, the maximum value of the efficiency in the 8 mm SE type ECF motor is about 1.7%, and the efficiency can reach 10 times by halving the diameter of the micro motor of the present invention.

When the maximum output power densities of the 4 mm SE type ECF motor and the 8 mm SE type ECF motor as described above were measured, the motor volume of the 4 mm SE type ECF motor = motor inner diameter cutting area × rotor length = 7.5 × 10 ⁻⁸ If it determined as m ^3, a ^{2.6 × 10 3 W / m 3} . The maximum output density of the 8 mm SE type ECF motor (motor volume 7 × 10 ⁻⁷ m ³ ) obtained in the same manner is 4 × 10 ³ W / m ³ , and the 4 mm SE type ECF motor has about 7 times the power density. Was confirmed.

Furthermore, when dibutyl decanedioate (DBD), which is an electro-sensitive working medium filled in the 4 mm SE type ECF motor, was changed to linalyl acetate and the efficiency was similarly measured, the maximum efficiency was 40%. It was confirmed that it would also reach.

The above-mentioned driving of the SE type ECF motor is an example of driving the micromotor of the present invention, and the RE type ECF motor and the cup type ECF motor can be driven similarly in addition to the SE type ECF motor. In addition, when other micromotors are driven, the same tendency as the result of driving the SE type ECF motor can be obtained.

[0083]

[Effect of the invention]

 The present invention provides a micromotor having a novel mechanism. The micromotor of the present invention forms a moving flow of the electro-sensitive working medium by applying a DC voltage to the electro-sensitive working medium having a specific characteristic, and rotates the rotor by the moving flow to input power. The electric energy can be converted into rotational energy with very high conversion efficiency. In particular, the micromotor of the present invention is suitable for miniaturization because the miniaturization of the micromotor increases the maximum output per unit volume. In addition, the micrometer of the present invention has very little heat generation during high-speed rotation as seen in a normal micromotor, and is extremely efficient.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an SE type ECF motor.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the SE type ECF motor.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a RE type ECF motor.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of the RE type ECF motor.

FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic view showing a cup type ECF motor along a C-C vertical section, and FIG. 5 (b) is a schematic view showing a D-D vertical section.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a cup type ECF motor (RE type / RE type type).

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an SE type cup-type ECF motor.
It is sectional drawing which shows the example of an electrode arrangement of SE type type typically.

FIG. 8 is an SE type of a cup type ECF motor.
It is sectional drawing which shows the example of an electrode arrangement of RE type type typically. .

FIG. 9 is a RE type in a cup type ECF motor.
It is sectional drawing which shows the example of an electrode arrangement of SE type type typically.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the electric conductivity and the viscosity of the electrosensitive working medium.

FIG. 11 shows two types of SE type ECFs having different diameters.
It is a graph which shows the relationship of the rotation speed, input, output, and efficiency with respect to the applied voltage in a motor.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing a relationship between an applied voltage, a rotation speed and a flowing current in an SE type ECF motor having a diameter of 4 mm.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference numeral 10 ... Housing 11 ... Medium containing portion 12 ... Upper lid 13 ... Bottom member 14 ... Recessed bearing portion 14a ... Lower bearing member 15 ... Upper bearing portion 16 ... -Bearing mechanism 20 ... Rotating shaft 21 ... Upper rotating shaft 22 ... Lower rotating shaft 23 ... Insulating member 30 ... Rotor Blade rotor Cylindrical rotor Cup rotor 31 ... Blade plate 34 ... ..Rotor tubular body 35 ... Rotor lid 39a ... Electrode fixing hole 39b ... Electrode fixing hole 39c ... Electrode fixing hole 39d ... Electrode fixing hole 40a ... 40h Electrode 40r1 .. External 1st electrode 40s1 ... External 2nd electrode 40t1 ... Internal 1st electrode 40u1 ... Internal 2nd electrode 41 ... Electrode insertion hole 42 ... Electrode fixing hole 43 ... Electrode fixing hole 44 ... Fixing hole 45 ... rotary contact 46 ... rotary contact 48 ... external terminal (lead) 50 ... electro-sensitive movable medium

Claims (6)

[Utility model registration claims] 1. A casing including a medium containing portion for filling an electrically sensitive working medium and a lid of the medium containing portion, an electrically sensitive working medium filled in the casing, and an electrically sensitive inside the casing. A rotor that senses and rotates the electro-sensitive working medium when the working medium moves by applying a voltage, a rotation shaft that rotatably locks the rotor in a housing, and a movement of the electro-sensitive working medium. A plurality of electrodes for applying a voltage to the electro-sensitive movable medium so as to form a flow, the rotor being rotatably fixed to the housing through at least one bearing mechanism. Characteristic micro motor. 2. The micromotor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor is a blade rotor having a blade portion that senses a movement of the electro-sensitive movable medium when the electro-sensitive movable medium moves. 3. The micromotor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor is a cylindrical rotor, and a plurality of electrodes are arranged on the surface of the cylindrical rotor. 4. The bottom open rotor, wherein the rotor is a cylindrical body whose bottom is opened so that the electro-sensitive movable medium enters the inside, and the electrode has an outer peripheral surface, an inner peripheral surface, and a casing. 2. The micromotor according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of micromotors are arranged on at least one wall surface selected from the group consisting of a wall surface on the inner circumference of the body and a wall surface on the bottom of the housing protruding in a convex shape. 5. The bearing mechanism selected from the group consisting of a needle bearing mechanism, a roller bearing mechanism, a ball bearing mechanism, a sleeve bearing mechanism, an oil-impregnated bearing mechanism and a hydrostatic bearing mechanism, each of said at least one bearing mechanism being an independent bearing mechanism. The micromotor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: 6. A graph showing the relationship between the conductivity σ and the viscosity η of a fluid at the operating temperature, where the horizontal axis represents the conductivity σ and the vertical axis represents the viscosity η, and the conductivity σ = 4 × 10 ^-10 S / m, viscosity η = 1 × 10 ⁰ Pa · s, point P, conductivity σ = 4 × 10 ^-10 S / m, viscosity η = 1 × 10 ^-4
Point Q expressed by Pa · s, conductivity σ = 5 × 10 ⁻⁶ S / m, viscosity η
= 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ Pa · s, a compound having a conductivity σ and a viscosity η located inside a right triangle having the point R as its apex, or a conductivity σ and a viscosity located inside the triangle. 6. A mixture of two or more kinds of compounds adjusted to have η.
The micromotor according to any one of paragraphs.