JP3177498B2 - Hydroponics method and apparatus for ginger - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is also coconut shell was shredded
In other words, in the hydroponics culture of Myoga using a bark culture medium, the moisture content and the nutrient concentration of the culture medium are stabilized to improve the yield of the flower buds of Myoga compared to soil culture. The present invention relates to a liquid cultivation method and an apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Ginger belongs to the genus Zingiberaceae, has been cultivated in various parts of Japan since ancient times, and is a spice vegetable with a unique aroma and spiciness. The cultivation of mioga is usually cultivated in the rhizome and uses flower buds to cultivate "flower mioga", and "myogatake" to soften and use the young shoots
It is roughly divided into cultivation.

[0003] In recent years, the production of "flower myoga" has become a trend of year-round cultivation, and in particular, it is possible to ship in spring and winter together with the development of forcing cultivation in soil cultivation.

Japanese Patent No. 2,506,729 discloses a method for cultivating ginger by hydroponics using a nutrient solution for plant cultivation mainly comprising charcoal on a drainage material made of a resin foam. There is a method of forming a culture medium and hydroponically cultivating a ginger with a nutrient solution using a multi-layered bed using the culture medium.

[0005]

In the method of cultivating a myoga by hydroponic culture, the maintenance of the nutrient solution in the culture medium relies solely on the water retention capacity of the culture medium. There is a problem that the medium is apt to be over-dried or over-humidified without being able to cope with the fluctuation of the nutrient solution in the medium, and the water content and the nutrient solution concentration of the medium cannot be stabilized.

Furthermore, there is little space between the frame (tray) and the medium where the ginger buds can emerge, and only the flower buds that emerge from the upper surface of the culture medium can be harvested. At present, cultivation equipment that has been used effectively has not been realized, and sufficient yield cannot be obtained.
There is a drawback in that the yield of ginger cannot be sufficiently increased in hydroponic cultivation using a nutrient solution.

On the other hand, according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-168340, as a method for stabilizing the water content and nutrient solution concentration of a culture medium, a method of placing a cultivation rock wool culture medium on top of a moisture control rock wool is described. Have been. However, according to this method, the rhizome of the ginger cannot be sufficiently extended in the rock wool having a small gap, and the ginger cannot be cultivated smoothly to increase the yield.

[0008] Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for growing a myoga in a nutrient solution using a culture medium by increasing the number of buds emerging from the culture medium.
In addition, by optimally adjusting the water level of the nutrient solution, it is an object to provide a nutrient solution cultivation method and device capable of increasing the yield by stabilizing the water content of the culture medium and the nutrient solution concentration. is there.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, according to claim 1, a root-proof sheet is provided on a rock-wool for moisture control immersed in a tray into which an appropriate amount of nutrient solution has flowed. Placed, on this root-prevention sheet , a medium consisting of shredded coconut or bark is placed in a state where an appropriate space is maintained between the side of the medium and the tray, and the osmotic action between rock wool and the medium is performed. The present invention provides a nutrient solution cultivation method for supplying a nutrient solution to a culture medium and cultivating the nutrient solution in a tray so that the water level of the nutrient solution is constant.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a tray into which an appropriate amount of nutrient solution has flowed, rock wool for adjusting water content immersed in the tray, and a root-proof sheet disposed on the top of the rock wool;
A medium consisting of coconut shell or bark placed on the root prevention sheet and holding an appropriate space between the side and the tray, a level sensor of the nutrient solution disposed in the tray, and a nutrient solution into the tray And a control unit for controlling the amount of liquid fed to the liquid supply pipe such that the level of the nutrient solution in the tray is constant based on the liquid level signal detected by the level sensor. The configuration of a hydroponics apparatus for myoga.

[0011] The medium has a provisional specific gravity of 0.001 to 1.0.
(G / ml) shredded coconut shell or temporary specific gravity 0.00
A bark of 1-3.0 (g / ml) is used.

According to the method and apparatus for hydroponics of ginger, the rock wool for moisture control is arranged in a tray having an inner wall covered with a film, and the rock wool is immersed to an appropriate depth. When a nutrient solution is allowed to flow in, a root-proof sheet is placed on the upper surface, and a medium made of shredded coconut or bark is placed on the upper surface of the root-proof sheet and planted with a rhizome of a myoga seed. Since a predetermined space is held between the medium and the root-prevention sheet, flower buds emerge not only from the upper surface but also from the side surface of the culture medium, and the yield of mioga is increased.

When the amount of the nutrient solution decreases during the cultivation of the ginger, the level sensor detects that the level of the nutrient solution has dropped, and the output signal from the control unit activates the nutrient solution pump to activate the nutrient solution tank. The nutrient solution filled in the nutrient solution is supplied to the culture medium via a liquid supply pipe, whereby the liquid level of the nutrient solution is always kept constant, and the water content and the nutrient solution concentration of the culture medium are maintained in a stable state. You. Further, the ratio of the total yield of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus to which the present invention is applied to the total yield of soil cultivation to soil cultivation is increased, and the yield of flower buds can be greatly increased.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, specific embodiments of a method and an apparatus for hydroponics of ginger according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the cultivation apparatus. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a tray having a predetermined capacity, and a polyethylene film 2 is laid on the inner wall surface of the tray 1.

A rock wool 3 for moisture control is arranged on the upper surface of the polyethylene film 2. Numeral 4 denotes a nutrient solution into which the rock wool 3 flows so that it can be immersed to an appropriate depth. Reference numeral 4a denotes a tray 1 for monitoring the amount of the nutrient solution.
Is a level sensor disposed at an appropriate position in the inside.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a root prevention sheet disposed on the upper surface of the rock wool 3, and a culture medium 6 made of shredded coconut or bark is placed on the upper surface of the root prevention sheet 5.
A seed rhizome 7a of a ginger 7 which is a cultivated crop is planted inside the medium 6.

A space L having a predetermined length is set between the side of the culture medium 6 and the root protection sheet 5. Since the root prevention sheet 5 and the polyethylene film 2 are in close contact with the inner wall surface of the tray 1, the space L substantially matches the space formed between the side of the culture medium 6 and the tray 1.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a heat retaining film which is stretched so as to cover the periphery of the ginger 7. The stem of the ginger 7 protrudes from a hole 8 a opened in the film 8. A liquid supply pipe 9 for the nutrient solution 4 is provided at an appropriate position inside the film 8.

The root-prevention sheet 5 is a cultivated crop of myoga 7
Is provided to prevent the root 7b from entering the nutrient solution 4 and the rock wool 3 for moisture control.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a control unit, 11 denotes a nutrient solution tank, and 12 denotes a nutrient solution feed pump. The control unit 10 receives a level signal of the nutrient solution 4 detected by the level sensor 4a, A pipe 13 led from a supply pump 12 is connected to the liquid supply pipe 9.

According to the apparatus for hydroponics of myoga,
First, a rock wool 3 for moisture adjustment is arranged in a tray 1 in which a polyethylene film 2 is laid on an inner wall surface, and a nutrient solution 4 flows so that the rock wool 3 can be immersed to an appropriate depth. Further, a root-proof sheet 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the rock wool 3, and a culture medium 6 made of shredded coconut or bark is placed on the upper surface of the root-proof sheet 5, and a seed rhizome 7 a of a ginger 7, which is a cultivated crop, is planted. .

In addition to the flower buds 7c that emerged from the upper surface of the medium 6 after a predetermined period of time, the flower buds 7 can also be seen from the side of the medium 6.
Since d emerges, it is possible to sufficiently increase the yield of the ginger. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the space L is held between the side portion of the culture medium 6 and the root prevention sheet 5, a cultivation apparatus that effectively utilizes the characteristics of a ginger that easily emerges on the side surface of the culture medium 6 is provided. Provided.

Further, when the amount of the nutrient solution 4 is reduced during the cultivation of the ginger, the lowering of the level of the nutrient solution 4 is detected by the level sensor 4a provided at an appropriate position in the tray 1 and the control unit 10 sends it. The nutrient solution supply pump 12 is transmitted by the output signal from the control unit 10 and transmitted. By the action of the nutrient solution feed pump 12, fed to the liquid supply pipe 9 to the nutrient solution 4 filled in the nutrient solution tank 11 is disposed within an appropriate position of the film 8 through the pipe 1 3, Thus, the liquid level of the nutrient solution 4 is always kept constant.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the water retention status of the hydroponics apparatus of myoga according to the present invention and the conventional hydroponic culture apparatus (described as a control) when coconut shell is used as a culture medium. The weight of the medium (kg) is plotted, and the abscissa is plotted with the survey date (month and date). The numbers in the figure are entered as weight ratios when the weight at the start of the test is 100.

According to FIG. 2, in the case of the conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus, while the weight of the culture medium gradually decreases with the passage of time, the state of water retention in the culture medium decreases. According to the hydroponics apparatus of myoga according to the present invention, it can be seen that the weight of the culture medium is kept almost constant except that the weight of the culture medium slightly increases immediately after water supply.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the state of water retention of the hydroponics apparatus of the present invention and the conventional hydroponics apparatus when bark is used as a culture medium. In the case of the hydroponics apparatus, the weight of the culture medium gradually decreases with the lapse of time and the water retention state decreases, whereas in the case of the present invention, the weight of the culture medium slightly increases immediately after water supply, but it is fundamental. It can be seen that the weight of the culture medium is kept almost constant.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the state of growth of the main stem of a ginger, in the case of soil cultivation, and in the case where bark and coconut hulls are used as a medium according to the present invention. cm), and the horizontal axis represents the survey date (month / day) and plotted.

According to FIG. 4, it can be seen that the main stem length of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus using bark or coconut husk as a culture medium to which the present invention is applied is longer than that of the example of soil cultivation.

Table 1 shows the yield of flower buds of a ginger (kg / 10
a) is shown for an example of soil cultivation and for the case of using coconut husk and bark as a culture medium according to the present invention, and the ratio of total yield to soil cultivation is defined as the yield ratio when the total yield of soil cultivation is 100. Is shown.

[0030]

[Table 1]

When the total yield of soil cultivation is 100, the ratio of the total yield to soil cultivation of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus using coconut shell as a medium to which the present invention is applied is 119, and the ratio of soil to the total yield when bark is used as a medium. The cultivation ratio is 124, and the yield of the flower bud of the hydroponic device of the present invention is increased by about 20% as compared with soil cultivation.
It can be seen that the yield is greatly increased.

[0032]

As described above in detail, according to the method and apparatus for hydroponically cultivating a ginger of the present invention,
Because a predetermined space is maintained between the side of the culture medium and the tray, a space is formed between the tray and the culture medium where the flower buds of the ginger can emerge, and flower buds emerge from the side as well as the top surface of the culture medium. Thus, the yield of the ginger can be greatly increased.

During the cultivation of myoga, the level sensor detects a decrease in the level of the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution filled in the nutrient solution tank is automatically driven by the drive of the nutrient solution supply pump according to an output signal from the control section. Since the nutrient solution is supplied to the medium, the level of the nutrient solution is constantly maintained even if the nutrient solution in the medium changes due to evaporation of the nutrient solution from the surface of the medium or absorption of the crop. The liquid concentration can be stabilized.

In particular, the maintenance of the nutrient solution in the culture medium does not rely solely on the water retention capacity of the culture medium, but prevents the culture medium from becoming over-dried or humid, so that the weight of the culture medium can be kept substantially constant. In addition, by stably supplying the optimal amount of nutrient solution to the crop, no waste is generated in the nutrient solution, and a rock wool for moisture control is provided by arranging a root prevention sheet on top of rock wool. The roots of the crop do not enter, and the use of rock wool can be repeated so that the cost can be reduced.

Therefore, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus to which the present invention is applied
In the hydroponic cultivation of Zingiber mioga using the medium, the medium
The space between the side of the tray and the tray
By increasing the number of buds from the culture medium and adjusting the water level of the nutrient solution optimally, the water content of the culture medium and the concentration of the nutrient solution are stabilized, and the total yield to soil cultivation ratio is increased. Can greatly increase the yield. Furthermore, the occurrence of rhizome rot, which is a seriously soil-borne disease, can be avoided, and stable production can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a nutrient solution cultivation apparatus for a ginger according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the state of water retention of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus when coconut shell is used as a culture medium in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the state of water retention of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus when bark is used as a culture medium and a conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the state of growth of the main stem of a ginger in the case where the present invention is employed and in soil culture.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Tray 2 ... Film (made of polyethylene) 3 ... Rock wool 4 ... Nutrient solution 4a ... Level sensor 5 ... Root prevention sheet 6 ... Medium 7 ... Myoga 7a ... Seed rhizome 7b ... Root 7c ... (Budded on the upper surface) Flower bud 7d Flower bud (protruded to the side) 8 ... Film (for heat insulation) 8a ... Hole 9 ... Supply tube 10 ... Control unit 11 ... Nutrient solution tank 12 ... Nutrient solution feed pump 13 ... Pipe

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method for cultivating a myoga nutrient solution using a culture medium, comprising: arranging a root-preventing sheet on top of a rock wool for moisture adjustment immersed in a tray into which an appropriate amount of a nutrient solution has flowed; Then, a medium consisting of shredded coconut shell or bark is placed in a state where an appropriate space is maintained between the side of the medium and the tray, and a nutrient solution is supplied to the medium by osmotic action between rock wool and the medium. A nutrient solution cultivation method for a myoga, wherein the nutrient solution in the tray is controlled so that the water level of the nutrient solution is constant. 2. An apparatus for cultivating a myoga nutrient solution using a culture medium, comprising: a tray into which an appropriate amount of nutrient solution has flowed; rock wool for controlling moisture immersed in the tray; and a root control arranged above the rock wool. If a coconut garbage is placed on the sheet and the root-prevention sheet while holding an appropriate space between the side and the tray
Or a medium consisting of bark, a level sensor of a nutrient solution arranged in the tray, and a supply pipe for supplying the nutrient solution into the tray,
And a control unit for controlling the amount of liquid supplied to the liquid supply pipe so that the level of the nutrient solution in the tray is constant based on the liquid level signal detected by the level sensor. Hydroponic equipment. 3. The medium according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity is 0.001 to 1.
0 (g / ml) shredded coconut shell or temporary specific gravity 0.0
3. The hydroponics apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a bark of 0.1 to 3.0 (g / ml) is used.