JP3175668B2 - Machine tool control device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool control device for performing speed control in a machine tool such as a punch press and a lathe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A loud noise of a machine tool such as a punch press requires a low-speed operation at night to reduce noise. General NC
In a machine tool, a simple method for lowering the operating speed is to operate a speed override dial provided on an operation panel to reduce the operating speed by 75% with respect to a command speed of a machining program.
Alternatively, there is a method of operating by reducing the command speed of the machining program, such as 50%. The speed override by the operation of the operation panel is used for the operation when the operator is present. As a method of changing the speed, an auxiliary function code (M code) is described in the machining program and the speed ratio is set to 75%. % Or 50%. However, in both methods, once changed, the speed is fixed at the changed speed until the next command comes. That is, after changing with M code,
Even if it is manually overridden, or if it is manually overridden and the M code is input, the speed is fixed at the later speed. For this reason, in the case where the speed is changed during the machining, even if the above-described manual override or M code input is performed for the machining program that is repeatedly executed, the speed in the previous cycle of the machining program is not changed in the next cycle of the machining program. The change is not an appropriate change. Therefore, when the operating speed is reduced during unmanned operation at night, conventionally, two machining programs for daytime and nighttime must be prepared, which increases the storage capacity of the machining program and makes management of the program complicated. There was a problem of becoming.

[0003] Further, in a punch press capable of high-speed processing, there have been the following problems in sufficiently exhibiting its performance. In other words, when cutting the outer shape of the product part from the material plate with a punch press, the workpiece material is gripped by the work holder and the plate material is fed. A fine uncut portion called a microjoint is provided. The micro joint may come off during processing at a normal operation speed of 100%. To prevent the microjoint from coming off, there are a method of increasing the width of the microjoint and a method of reducing the operating speed so that the microjoint does not come off. Will be needed. If the operating speed is reduced, the high speed of the punch press cannot be used. In general, a command to reduce the operation speed to a predetermined percentage is prepared as an auxiliary function code (M code) in the NC device of the punch press, and M80 (100%), M81 (75%), M82 (50% ), M83
(25%), there is a method of designating an M code by a machining program. Using this, 1 is used when processing general parts.
At the time of micro joint processing, the speed can be specified as 25% or the like. However, if the M code is specified in the machining program, it will return to the original in the next cycle of the machining program, as described above, even if the override is manually performed on the operation panel. Therefore, when controlling the speed to be changed between the processing of a general part and the processing of a fine part such as a microjoint, controlling the speed to be changed between night and day is more complicated processing. Is needed.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and has been described in connection with the present invention.
Provide a machine tool control device that can maintain the changed speed during the next machining simply by changing the speed by manual operation, etc., and can reduce noise at night etc. with simple operation The purpose is to do. Another object of the present invention is to perform low-speed machining after high-speed machining in one cycle,
It is another object of the present invention to enable a simple machining program to perform control for reducing the speed during high-speed machining day and night. Still another object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily switch between day and night speeds when performing low-speed punching after high-speed punching.

[0005]

The structure of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to an embodiment. The control device for a machine tool controls the operating speed of the machine tool (1) according to a command (29) relating to the speed of the machining program (20), and the actual operating speed can be changed by predetermined operating means (28). A control device having a speed control unit (23), wherein an actual speed storage command (30) of a machining program (20) is provided.
The actual speed storage means (27) for storing the actual operating speed of the machine tool (1) according to the above, and the set speed of the machine tool (1) according to the storage speed restoration command (31) of the machining program (20). The speed stored in the means (27),
A storage speed restoring means (26) for carrying over the speed setting to the next cycle of the machining program (20). It should be noted that the "machine tools" referred to in this invention is the meaning of the broad sense of the machine tool is not limited to the cutting machine, Ru meaning der, including a punch press and plastic processing machinery. However, this
In the invention of the above, as described later, the machine tool (1)
And press. Also, the above-mentioned processing program (2
The command (29) related to the speed 0) may be a general speed command or a command of a speed ratio described by an auxiliary function code (M code) or the like.

According to the control device having the above configuration, control is performed as follows. The speed control unit controls the machining program (2
The operating speed of the machine tool (1) is controlled in accordance with the speed command (29) of (0), and the operating means (28)
When the operation of changing the speed is performed in the step (3), the operation is continued at the changed speed. When each command of the machining program (20) is sequentially executed and the actual speed storage command (30) is read into this control device, the actual speed storage means (27) sets the actual operation of the machine tool (1) at that time. Remember the speed. Here, the “actual operating speed” may be a measured speed or a speed according to a command output from the control device. In the case of the speed on the command, when the speed change operation is performed, the speed is the speed after the change, and when the speed change operation is not performed, the speed is the speed of the speed command (29) of the machining program (20). is there. After storing the speed, execution of the machining program (20) proceeds, and the storage speed restoration command (3
When 1) is read into this control device, the storage speed restoring means (26) sets the set speed of the machine tool (1) to the speed stored in the actual speed storage means (27), and sets the speed setting to the machining speed. Carry over to the next cycle of program (20). For this reason, by writing the actual speed storage command (30) and the storage speed restoration command (31) in the machining program (20), the speed can be changed manually by the operating means (28). The change speed is maintained thereafter in the cycle of the machining program (20), and the nighttime operation speed is made lower than the daytime operation speed, so that it is possible to easily take measures against noise.

In the above configuration, the actual speed storage command (30) of the machining program (20) also serves as a command to lower the operating speed of the machine tool (1) after the command, and the speed control unit (24) The operation speed may be set to a predetermined low speed in response to the actual speed storage command (30). In the case of this configuration, the actual speed storage command (3
0), the speed can be changed to a low speed, and even if there is an actual speed storage command (30), the speed can be controlled to a low speed regardless of the speed before the command (30). That is,
Even if the machining program (20) is repeated, the machining can be reliably performed at a low speed without being affected by the high-speed machining program portion. Therefore, in one cycle, a simple machining program can be used to perform low-speed machining after high-speed machining and control to reduce the speed during high-speed machining day and night.

[0008] The present invention, in the configuration of these, the work A machine (1) is a punch press, the machining program (20), the first half that describes the command for high-speed punch processing (20A) The actual speed storage command (30) and the storage speed restoration command (31) are before and after the second half (20B) of the machining program (20). It shall be described in . In the case of this configuration, after high-speed machining, low-speed machining for machining such as micro junction can be reliably performed while easily enabling day / night speed switching.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The control device for the machine tool mainly includes a control device 21 for controlling the machine tool 1 according to a machining program 20 and an operation panel 22. As shown in FIG. 3, the machine tool 1 comprises a punch press in this example, and a plate moving means 11 for positioning the plate W at a predetermined position, and a processing unit for performing a punching such as a hole forming or a forming process on the positioned plate W. 12 is provided. The plate material moving means 11 includes:
The plate material W on the work table 8 is gripped by the work holder 7, the carriage 9 is moved back and forth, and the cross slide 1 on which the work holder 7 is mounted is mounted on the carriage 9.
The plate material W is moved on the table 8 in the front-rear direction (Y direction) and the left-right direction (X direction) by the right and left movement of 0. The carriage 9 and the cross slide 10 are driven by Y-axis and X-axis servo motors 33 and 34, respectively.

The processing section 12 raises and lowers the punch die 4 via upper and lower die holders 2 and 2 respectively holding the punch die 4 and the die die 5 and the ram 6 at a predetermined punch position P. And a punch drive mechanism 13. The punch driving mechanism 13 may be a mechanical type or a hydraulic type. In this embodiment, the rotation of the servo motor 35 is controlled by the rotation / linear movement conversion mechanism 15 to move the ram 16 up and down. It is of the servo motor drive type that converts to operation. The upper and lower mold holders 2 and 2 hold a plurality of punch dies 4 and die dies 5, and move the desired dies 4 and 5 to a punch position P by movement by die indexing means (not shown). In this example, a turret is used. Instead of the turret, a cartridge (not shown) that can be linearly advanced and retracted may be used as the mold holder 2.

The control device 1 shown in FIG.
An arithmetic control unit 23 composed of a C device function unit and a programmable controller (PC) function unit.
Decodes the machining program 20, executes the feed command of each axis, and transfers the sequence control command of the machining program 20 to the programmable controller function unit. The operation panel 22 is a means for performing an operation on the control device 1 and an operation on the machine tool 1, and includes various switches in addition to a dial-type operation means 28 for performing a speed override operation. The arithmetic control unit 23 includes a speed control unit 24 having an override unit 25, and a storage speed restoring unit 26.
Are provided in a predetermined storage element. The speed control unit 24 is a means for sending a speed command to the servo controllers 36 to 38 of each axis so as to correspond to the speed command 29 of each axis of the machining program 20 so as to have the speed of the command. The overriding means 25 controls the servo controller 3 of each axis according to the speed command value of the speed command 29 of the machining program 20.
The speed value to be sent to 6 to 38 is transmitted to the operation unit 2 of the operation panel 22.
This is a means for converting the speed to the speed specified by the percentage display or the like by the operation 8.

The actual speed storage means 27 stores the machining program 2
In response to the actual speed storage command 30 of 0, the speed command value sent to each of the axis servo controllers 36 to 38 immediately before the execution of the command 30 is stored in a predetermined storage area (not shown). . This speed command value may be stored as a ratio with respect to the speed command 29 of the machining program 20 or the speed itself may be stored. In this embodiment, the speed ratio is stored. In this embodiment, the actual speed storage command 30 has a function of converting a subsequent speed to a predetermined low speed, and the speed control unit 24 of the control device 21
Thus, the subsequent speed is set to the command described in the command 30. The actual speed storage command 30 of the machining program 20 is provided as an auxiliary function command and is described in M code. In this embodiment, the actual speed storage command 30 also describes the rate of speed reduction (for example, 25%).

The actual speed restoring means 26 includes a machining program 2
According to the stored speed restoration command 31 of 0, the set speed of each axis of the machine tool 1 is set to the speed stored in the actual speed storage means 27,
The speed setting is carried over to the next cycle of the machining program 20. The storage speed restoration command 31 is described in the machining program 20 as an auxiliary function code (M code), for example, immediately before the program end command 32 in the machining program 20.

In this embodiment, the machining program 20 includes a first half 20A for performing high-speed punching and a second half 20B for performing low-speed punching on the microjoint Wb shown in FIG. Latter half part 2
Immediately before 0B, the storage speed restoration command 31 is in the second half 20A.
Are described immediately after. Each of the first half part 20A and the second half part 20B is a part in which each command necessary for punching is described, and includes a speed command, a command of an axis feed position or an axis feed amount, a tool selection command, a punch command, and other commands. including. Specifically, this processing program 20 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, punches a plurality of product plate materials Wa from a material plate material W, and punches a in each of the product plate materials Wa. It is assumed that the outer shape punched portion b is processed while leaving the microjoint Wb. In this case, after the punch hole a inside each product plate material Wa is processed in the first half portion 20A, the outer shape punched portion b is processed in the second half portion 20B, and the program end 32 is formed.
Returns to the beginning of the machining program 20 and the next blank W
Is processed in the same manner as described above.

In this example, the actual speed restoring means 26 and the actual speed storing means 27 are provided for all the axes of the X-axis and Y-axis servomotors 33 and 34 of the plate moving means 11 and the servomotor 35 of the processing section 12. Although the feed speed is controlled, the speed of only a specific axis may be controlled. For example, the speed of only the X-axis and the Y-axis may be controlled, and the speed of the T-axis serving as the servomotor 35 of the processing unit 12 may not be affected.

Next, an operation example will be described. As shown in FIG. 2A, the machining program 20 is now executed, and the first half 2 is performed at a speed of 100% described by the speed command 20.
It is assumed that the speed is switched to a predetermined low speed by the manual operation (speed override) of the operation means 28 of the operation panel 22 while the machining of 0A is being performed. Here, it is assumed that the switching is made to 50%. By this manual operation, the speed of each axis of the machine tool 1 is operated at 50%. When the first half 20A of the machining program 20 ends and the actual speed storage command 30 is read by the arithmetic and control unit 23 of the control device 21, the actual speed storage unit 27 responds to this command 30 and responds to the immediately preceding speed ( In this example, 50% speed is stored, and the operation speed is set to the low speed (here, 25%) described in the actual speed storage command 30. As a result, the latter half 20B of the machining program 20 is operated at a speed of 25%.

When the execution of the latter half 20B is completed and the storage speed restoration command 31 of the machining program 31 is read by the arithmetic control unit 21, the storage speed restoration means 26
Is set to the speed (50% speed in this example) stored in the actual speed restoring means 26.

When the current cycle of the machining program 20 is completed and the next execution of the machining program 20 is started, under the control of the storage speed restoring means 26, the first half 20A of the machining program 20 receives the speed command 29 The operation is performed at a speed of 50% from the beginning with respect to the% command. When the processing of the first half 20A is completed, again as above,
According to the actual speed storage command 30, the speed at that time is stored, and the speed is changed to a low speed, and the latter half 20B is executed. After the end of the latter half part 20B, the speed of each axis is set to the speed stored in the actual speed storage means 32 by the storage speed restoration command 31, and the operation of the next machining program is performed. When the speed is returned to 100% by operating the operation means 28 of the operation panel 22 during the operation of the first half 20A of the machining program 20, the subsequent first half 20A
Will be operated at 100% of the original speed.

As described above, the operation speed of each cycle of the machining program 20 which is repeatedly executed can be reduced by operating the operation means 28 of the operation panel 22 only once. Just repeat the operation once,
It is possible to return to the original driving speed. For this reason, noise countermeasures at night can be achieved with a simple operation. Further, it is possible to change the operating speed of an arbitrary portion of the machining program 20 only by changing the description portion of the actual speed storage command 30 or the storage speed restoration command 31.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, when there is no speed command in the machining program 20, the speed control unit 24 sets the speed command sent to each of the axis servomotors 36 to 38 to 100% of a predetermined maximum speed. When a speed ratio command is issued by an auxiliary function code (M code) as a speed-related command, the speed command at that speed ratio is transmitted to each axis servo motor 3.
6-38. As an auxiliary function code (M code) relating to speed, for example, M80 (1
00%), M81 (75%), M82 (50
%), M83 (25%) and the like are prepared, and can be decoded and executed by the speed control unit 24. An override unit 25 provided in the speed control unit 24 converts the speed value sent to the servo controllers 36 to 38 of each axis into a speed specified by a percentage display or the like by operating the operation unit 28 of the operation panel 22. Means. The speed at which 100 percent of the percentage is displayed is a predetermined maximum speed. In the speed control unit 24, the speed change by the speed override unit 25 and the speed change by the auxiliary function code (M code) have an equal relationship, and the later input is valid. That is, when the auxiliary function code is executed or a speed override operation is performed, the speed is fixed at the speed specified by the auxiliary function code or the speed override until the next command is issued. In this embodiment, in the machining program 20, a speed command is not described at the head, and an auxiliary function code relating to speed is input as needed in the first half 20A. The other configurations of the control device 21, machine tool 1, operation panel 22, and machining program 20 in this embodiment are the same as those in the embodiment of FIG.

An operation example of this embodiment will be described. FIG.
As shown in (A), it is assumed that the machining program 20 is executed and the speed is switched to a predetermined low speed by a manual operation (speed override) of the operation means 28 of the operation panel 22 while the machining is being performed. . Here, it is assumed that the switching is made to 50%. With this manual operation, the speed of each axis of the machine tool 1 becomes 5
It will be operated at 0%. Subsequent steps are the same as in the above embodiment. That is, the first half 20A of the machining program 20 ends, and the actual speed storage command 30 is
Is read by the arithmetic control unit 23, the actual speed storage unit 2
7 stores the immediately preceding speed (in this example, 50% speed) in response to the command 30 and stores the operation speed in the low speed (here, 2%) described in the actual speed storage command 30.
5%). As a result, the latter half 20B of the machining program 20 is operated at a speed of 25%.

When the execution of the second half 20B is completed and the storage speed restoration command 31 of the machining program 31 is read by the arithmetic control unit 21, the storage speed restoration means 26
Is set to the speed (50% speed in this example) stored in the actual speed restoring means 26.

When the current cycle of the machining program 20 is completed and the next execution of the machining program 20 is started, the first half 20A of the machining program 20 is controlled by the storage speed restoring means 26 from the beginning to the maximum speed. Operate at 50% speed. When the machining of the first half 20A is completed, the speed at that time is stored and the speed is changed to a low speed by the actual speed storage command 30 again, and the second half 20B is executed. After the end of the latter half part 20B, the speed of each axis is set to the speed stored in the actual speed storage means 32 by the storage speed restoration command 31, and the operation of the next machining program is performed. During operation of the first half 20A of the machining program 20,
When the speed is returned to 100% by operating the operation means 28 of the operation panel 22, the subsequent operation of the first half 20A is operated at the original 100% speed.

[0024]

The control device for a machine tool according to the present invention comprises an actual speed storage means for storing the actual operation speed of the machine tool in accordance with the actual speed storage command of the machining program, and the actual speed storage means of the machine tool in accordance with the storage speed restoration command of the machining program. The set speed is a speed stored in the actual speed storage means, and the speed setting is provided with a storage speed restoring means for carrying over the speed setting to the next cycle of the machining program. , simply by changing the speed in a single manual operation, such as, the changing speed can also be maintained at the time of the next processing, Ru it is possible to reduce the noise measures such as at night by a simple operation. Further, the machine tool is a punch press.
The machining program issues a command for high-speed punching.
Describe the first half of the description and the command for low-speed punching.
The actual speed storage command and the storage speed.
Degree restoration command is written before and after the second half of the machining program
After the high-speed punching,
Even when performing punching, the speed can be easily switched between day and night.
I can. Et al is, operating the actual speed storage command of the machining program, which also serves as a command to the operating speed of the machine tool after the command and slow, the speed control unit, in response to said actual speed memory command If it is assumed that the speed and predetermined low speed, in one cycle, after high-speed machining to perform the low-speed processing, and control for reducing the speed for high-speed machining with day and night, Ru performed by a simple machining program.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a conceptual configuration of a control device for a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a machining program of the control device and an operation after the manual operation.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a punch press as a machine tool.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a relationship between a material plate, a product part, and a micro joint.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a conceptual configuration of a control device for a machine tool according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a machining program of the control device and an operation after the manual operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Machine tool 22 ... Operation panel 4 ... Punch die 23 ... Operation control part 5 ... Die die 24 ... Speed control part 6 ... Ram 25 ... Override means 7 ... Work holder 26 ... Memory speed restoration means 8 ... Work table 27 ... actual speed storage means 11 ... plate material moving means 28 ... operating means 12 ... processing unit 29 ... speed command 13 ... punch driving means 30 ... actual speed storage command 20 ... processing program 31 ... storage speed restoration command 21 ... control device

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A control device having a speed control unit that controls an operation speed of a machine tool according to a command related to a speed of a machining program and that can change an actual operation speed by a predetermined operation means. An actual speed storage means for storing an actual operating speed of the machine tool according to a speed storage command, and a set speed of the machine tool as a speed stored in the actual speed storage means according to a storage speed restoration command for a machining program, and the speed setting is performed. e Bei and storage time expansion unit carry forward to the next cycle of the machining program, said machine tool
A punch press, wherein the machining program is a high-speed
The first half of the instruction for punching and the low-speed punch
Including the latter part describing the processing command,
Memory command and memory speed restoration command after the machining program
Machine tool control , described before and after the half . 2. The actual speed storage command of the machining program also serves as a command to lower the operating speed of the machine tool after the instruction, and the speed control unit responds to the actual speed storage command. The control device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the operation speed is set to a predetermined low speed.