JP3158682U - Plant cultivation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a plant cultivation apparatus having a high degree of freedom in an installation place where a plant can be cultivated even in a place where a commercial power source cannot be used. A plant cultivating apparatus 11 for cultivating a plant 91, wherein a container 21 that accommodates a plant in an interior 22 and at least one energy selected from the group consisting of hydraulic power, wind power, and sunlight are attached to the container. It is a plant cultivation apparatus comprising: power generation means 31 and 41 for converting into electric power; and illumination means 61 that emits light by electric power including the electric power generated by the power generation means and illuminates plants inside the container. The power generation means may include a solar cell 35 that converts sunlight into electric power. [Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation device, and more particularly to a plant cultivation device having a high degree of freedom in installation location.

  Plants such as vegetables, fruits, and flower buds have often been cultivated in open natural places such as fields and orchards, but in recent years, foreign matter adhesion prevention, pathogen infection prevention, and effective space use It is also known that it is cultivated in a cultivation room artificially provided for the purpose of use or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Patent Document 1 states that “when plant is grown by hydroponics, a cultivation container 103 is placed on each shelf 101 of a growth shelf 102 having a multi-stage shelf 101, and an illumination device provided on each shelf 101. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 that promotes the growth of the plant planted in each of the cultivation containers 103 by using 104 (direct illumination method) is often used. It is customary to install the shelves 102 in an air-conditioned cultivation room 107 and grow plants in an optimum growing environment. Further, as the lighting device 104, a straight line is placed above each shelf 101. It is disclosed that a plurality of fluorescent lamps 105 are arranged and configured "(Patent Document 1, Paragraph No. 0002).
And in patent document 1, it is "providing the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which keeps initial cost and running cost low in plant growth, and implement | achieves high productivity and high quality plant growth" (patent document 1, summary of The cultivation unit 2 formed by attaching a plurality of illuminators 4 to the lower surface of the bottom wall of the cultivation container 3 in which the nutrient solution L is stored in the cultivation room 1 with a predetermined interval in the vertical direction. While arranged in multiple stages, the nutrient solution L is circulated between the nutrient solution tank 25 and each nutrient solution container 3 of each cultivator unit 2, and a cooling unit 27 is interposed in the circulation path. 3 radiatively cools the reflux nutrient solution L from 3 and supplies it to each nutrient solution container 3. A part of the heat from the illuminators 4 and 4 is absorbed by the nutrient solution L through the bottom wall of the cultivation vessel 3, The amount of heat transferred to the plant 11 of the lower cultivator unit 2 The heat effect on the plant 11 is reduced, the arrangement interval between the upper-stage cultivator unit 2 and the lower-stage cultivator unit 2 is reduced, and the number of arrangement stages is increased to increase the effective utilization of the space. (Patent Document 1, summary means) has been proposed.

JP 2009-34064 A (for example, paragraph numbers 0001 to 0010, 0019, FIG. 1, FIG. 5, summary, etc.)

Certainly, according to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Patent Document 1, “the illumination efficiency of the illuminator 4 can be increased by narrowing the arrangement interval between the upper cultivator unit 2 and the lower cultivator unit 2. As a result, the running cost of the hydroponic cultivation device can be further reduced by reducing the number of illuminators 4 arranged by the amount of improvement in lighting efficiency and suppressing the power consumption for lighting ”(Patent Document 1, Paragraph No. 0019) is based on the premise that the power for lighting is supplied by a commercial power source. Therefore, plant cultivation cannot be performed unless the commercial power source is available, and the installation location is limited. There was a problem of being.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a plant cultivation apparatus having a high degree of freedom in an installation place where a plant can be grown in a cultivation room even in a place where a commercial power source cannot be used.

The plant cultivation device of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “this device”) is a plant cultivation device for cultivating a plant, and includes a container for accommodating a plant therein, a container attached to the container, and hydropower, wind power and sunlight. A plant cultivating apparatus, comprising: power generation means for converting at least one energy selected from the group into electric power; and lighting means for illuminating a plant inside the container by emitting light including electric power generated by the power generation means It is.
This apparatus includes a container that accommodates plants therein, power generation means attached to the containers, and illumination means that illuminates the plants inside the container.
The container accommodates a plant intended for cultivation in the container and cultivates the plant.
The power generation means is attached to the container and converts at least one energy selected from the group consisting of hydraulic power, wind power, and sunlight into electric power. As a power generation means, for example, a combination of a water turbine and a generator driven by it if it converts hydraulic power to electric power, or a wind turbine and a generator driven by it if it converts wind power to electric power A solar cell etc. can be illustrated if it combines with (wind power generator), or what converts sunlight into electric power. The attachment of the power generation means to the container includes not only the case where the power generation means is directly attached to the container without a separate member, but also the case where the power generation means is indirectly attached to the container via a separate member.
The illumination means emits light by electric power including the electric power generated by the power generation means, and illuminates the plant inside the container.
As described above, according to the present apparatus, the power generation means attached to the container converts at least one energy selected from the group consisting of hydropower, wind power and sunlight existing around the apparatus into electric power, and the power generation means The illumination means emits light by the electric power including the generated electric power and illuminates the plants inside the container, so that the plants accommodated in the container grow by receiving light from the illumination means. For this reason, if this apparatus is used, the illumination means emits light by the electric power generated by the power generation means, and the plants inside the container can be cultivated so that the plant can be grown even in places where commercial power is not available. Since plants can be cultivated inside (cultivation room), the installation location of the apparatus is not affected by the availability of commercial power supply and has a high degree of freedom.
The lighting means emits light including the power generated by the power generation means (hereinafter referred to as “generated power”). If the environment can use power other than the generated power, it is combined with the generated power. Although power other than generated power may also be used (in this case as well, the load of power other than generated power is reduced by the generated power, so the degree of freedom of installation location of this device is higher than when there is no generated power. ) If the light is emitted only by the generated power, the degree of freedom of the installation location of the apparatus is further increased.

In this device, the power generation means may include a solar cell that converts sunlight into electric power (hereinafter referred to as “solar cell holding device”).
Sunlight is an inexhaustible energy that can be used anywhere, and since no unnecessary substances are emitted in the process of converting sunlight into electricity by solar cells, the power generation means of this device uses sunlight as electricity. You may use the solar cell to convert.

In the case of the solar cell holding apparatus, the solar cell may be attached to the upper surface of the container.
Containers usually have a wide top surface, so if solar cells are attached to the top surface of the container, the solar cells can be easily attached to the container, and the solar cells are placed at a relatively high position (top surface). Therefore, it is possible to prevent or reduce the blockage of sunlight by other objects (for example, weeds, trees, etc.), to improve the sunlight to the solar cell, and to enable efficient power generation.

In the case of the solar cell holding apparatus, the power generation means may include a wind power generator that converts wind power into electric power.
By doing so, since the power generation means includes a solar cell and a wind power generator, the amount of power generated by the wind power generator increases when the wind is strong, and the amount of power generated by the solar cell increases when the sunlight is strong. Therefore, even when the sunlight is weak, such as when it is cloudy or at night, the amount of power generated by the wind power generator increases when the wind is strong (the amount of power generated by the solar cell decreases), and conversely, when the wind is weak. However, since the amount of power generated by solar cells increases when the sunlight is strong, such as during sunny days (the amount of power generated by wind power generators decreases), the amount of power generated by solar cells and wind power generators must be complemented. Can do.

The apparatus may further include a power storage unit that stores the power generated by the power generation unit.
Since the power generation means converts at least one energy selected from the group consisting of hydropower, wind power, and sunlight into electric power, the power generation amount of the power generation means also changes according to the change in the energy converted into electric power (for example, conversion into electric power). If the energy is hydropower, the amount of power generated also changes due to the change in the amount of water. If the energy to be converted into electric power is wind power, the amount of power generated also changes due to the change in the wind speed. The amount of power generation also changes depending on the amount of irradiation. For this reason, even when the power generation amount of the power generation means is reduced, surplus power (the lighting means is installed in the container) when the power generation amount is large so that the lighting means can efficiently cultivate plants by illuminating the plants inside the container. The amount exceeding the power consumed by this device, such as illuminating an internal plant, is stored in the power storage means, and when the power generation amount decreases, the lighting means uses the power stored in the power storage means. You may make it illuminate the plant inside a container.

In this apparatus, the illumination means may include a light emitting diode.
Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are widely used as light sources using electric power because they emit a large amount of light (emission efficiency) per electric power and generate little heat. In this apparatus, if the lighting means includes a light emitting diode, based on the fact that the luminous efficiency is high, the power generated by the power generating means is converted from at least one energy selected from the group consisting of hydropower, wind power and sunlight (compared to a commercial power supply). It is often difficult to obtain a large amount of power) and can effectively illuminate the plant, and since the heat generation is small, it suppresses the temperature rise inside the container (no need for extra air conditioning), The lighting means (light emitting diode) can be brought close to the plant (if the lighting means generates a large amount of heat, the lighting means will be heated when the lighting means is brought close to the plant, causing an adverse effect). it can.

In the present apparatus, the container may be a general-purpose container.
The container can be used without particular limitation as long as it can accommodate the target plant inside and can attach the power generation means and the lighting means, but may be configured by a general-purpose container. General-purpose containers are so-called 12-foot containers, 20-foot containers, 30-foot containers, etc. (for example, the Internet homepage of the Japan Transportation Federation http://www.t-renmei.or.jp/reference/yougo /index.html), because of its high strength, high durability, long life, and relatively low price due to its general purpose, it can be suitably used to construct the container of the present invention. In addition, since the general-purpose container is premised on transportation with the article contained therein, it can sufficiently withstand the transfer and use of this apparatus in various places.

It is a figure which shows the plant cultivation apparatus (this apparatus) of this invention of one Embodiment. It is BB sectional drawing of Fig.1 (a). It is CC sectional drawing of FIG.1 (b).

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a plant cultivation apparatus (present apparatus) 11 of the present invention according to an embodiment (specifically, FIG. 1 (a) is a front view of the apparatus 11 and FIG. 1 (b) is a book). FIG. 2 is a left side view of the device 11 (showing a view from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1A), and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. The apparatus 11 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The apparatus 11 is roughly attached to a container 21 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape having a hollow interior 22, a solar battery generator 31 disposed on the upper surface 23 of the container 21, and the upper surface 23 of the container 21. A wind power generator 41, a storage battery 51 that stores electricity generated by the solar battery power generator 31 and the wind power generator 41, and a support shelf 81 that supports the cultivation tray 93 inside the container 21 (FIGS. 2 and 3) And a liquid fertilizer tank 71 for storing a light 61 (FIGS. 2 and 3) attached to the inside 22 of the container 21 and a liquid plant cultivation liquid (hereinafter referred to as “liquid fertilizer”) circulated inside the cultivation tray 93. 3) and a liquid manure pump 73 (FIG. 3) for pumping and circulating the liquid manure.
Here, the present apparatus 11 shows a state where the bottom surface 25 of the container 21 is installed so as to face a horizontal surface (ground) (not shown). In the drawing, the (vertical) upward direction is indicated by an arrow D1. , (Vertical) downward directions are indicated by arrows D2.

  The container 21 is formed by a general-purpose container (so-called 20-foot container) having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape of about 2.5 m × about 2.5 m × about 6 m, and can be freely used by a general truck (truck). Can be conveyed. Needless to say, the container 21 is not limited to the above-mentioned size. For example, a container having a length of about 6 m is used in the above, but a container having a length of about 6 m to 12 m is also suitable. Can be used. When the container 21 is transported by a truck (truck), a recess 25c is formed on the bottom surface 25 of the container 21 to engage with a protrusion (not shown) formed on the loading platform of the truck (truck). When the container 21 is placed on the loading platform of the truck (truck), the concave portion 25c engages with the convex portion (not shown), so that the container 21 is fixed to the loading platform of the truck (truck), and the cargo truck ( The container 21 can be transported by a truck). The container 21 has opening / closing doors 26a, 26b attached to one surface (about 2.5 m × about 2.5 m) of six surfaces of the substantially rectangular parallelepiped formed by the container 21 so that the doors 26a, 26b can be opened and closed. By opening the door, the interior 22 and the exterior 29 of the container 21 can be communicated with each other, and the interior 22 and the exterior 29 of the container 21 can be hermetically insulated by closing the open / close doors 26a and 26b (external). 29 to prevent foreign matter from entering the interior 22). Of the six surfaces of the substantially rectangular parallelepiped formed by the container 21, the remaining five surfaces to which the open / close doors 26a and 26b are not attached are all airtightly closed. Since the interior 22 and the exterior 29 of the container 21 are hermetically insulated by closing the open / close doors 26a and 26b in this way, the entry of foreign matter into the interior 22 of the container 21 is prevented, and the interior 22 of the container 21 is protected. Can be kept sterile.

  Here, five solar battery generators 31 are arranged on the upper surface 23 of the container 21, but all five have the same configuration. Specifically, each of the solar battery power generators 31 includes a support 33 attached to the upper surface 23 of the container 21 and a solar cell panel 35 supported by the support 33, so that all the solar cells The battery generator 31 is disposed along a line segment (here, substantially parallel to the four sides of the substantially rectangular parallelepiped formed by the container 21) on the upper surface 23 of the container 21. All the solar cell panels 35 are attached so as to form substantially the same angle with respect to the upper surface 23 of the container 21. Further, here, the surfaces 35a (upper surfaces) of all the solar cell panels 35 belong to one plane. Is attached. The solar cell panel 35 generates power by irradiating the surface 35a of the solar cell panel 35 with sunlight.

  The wind power generator 41 includes a support bar 42 having a lower end attached to the upper surface 23 of the container 21, a generator storage unit 43 that is attached to the upper end of the support bar 42 and stores a power generator (not shown), and a generator storage unit. And a blade portion 44 (wind turbine) attached to the power generator (not shown) accommodated in 43. The blade portion 44 has a propeller shape, and the blade portion 44 is attached to a rotating shaft of the power generator (not shown) that rotates about an axis substantially parallel to the upper surface 23 of the container 21. For this reason, when a wind hits the blade | wing part 44, the rotating shaft of this generator (not shown) will rotate, and this generator (not shown) will generate electric power.

  When such a solar battery generator 31 and wind power generator 41 are used, the amount of power generated by the wind power generator 41 increases when the wind is strong, and the amount of power generated by the solar battery generator 31 increases when the sunlight is strong. Therefore, when the sun is weak like cloudy or at night, but the wind is strong, the amount of power generated by the wind power generator 41 is large (the amount of power generated by the solar battery generator 31 is small), and the sun is light like a clear day. When the wind is weak but the wind power is weak, the power generation amount of the solar power generator 31 is large (the power generation amount of the wind power generator 41 is small), so the solar power generator 31 and the wind power generator 41 complement each other. be able to. Of course, when the sun rays are strong and the wind is strong as in a sunny day, both the power generation amount of the solar battery generator 31 and the power generation amount of the wind power generator 41 become large.

Here, the storage battery 51 is formed of a lead storage battery, and can store electricity generated by the solar battery generator 31 and the wind power generator 41.
The storage battery 51 is connected to a control unit (not shown) of the apparatus 11, and the electric power stored in the storage battery 51 lights the light 61 at a predetermined intensity in a predetermined time zone and drives the liquid fertilizer pump 73. Used as necessary by the control unit (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of support shelves 81 are disposed in the interior 22 of the container 21 here, and each of the support shelves 81 has the same configuration. The support shelf 81 is placed and fixed on the floor surface of the inside 22 of the container 21 and supports the four-stage cultivation tray 93 from below to above (therefore, one support shelf 81 is provided). Since four cultivation trays 93 are supported, a total of eight cultivation trays 93 are supported by two (a pair) of support shelves 81.
Here, there are eight cultivation trays 93, but all the cultivation trays 93 have a bowl-like shape (bottomless and uncovered) with both ends having the same shape and dimensions, and any cultivation tray 93 has its longitudinal length. The roots (not shown) of the plurality of plants 91 are accommodated along the direction, and the liquid fertilizer is supplied (accommodated) so that the roots (not shown) of the plants 91 come into contact with the liquid fertilizer inside the cultivation tray 93. The root (not shown) of the plant 91 absorbs the liquid manure so that the plant 91 grows.

A plurality of lights 61 are attached to the ceiling portion of the interior 22 of the container 21. As described above, the control unit (not shown) uses the electric power generated by the solar battery generator 31 and the wind power generator 41. Turn on the light at a predetermined time. A plurality of lights 61 are attached to the apparatus 11, but the same lights are used here, and the lights 61 use light emitting diodes as light emitters, and power is supplied to these light emitting diodes. As a result, the light 61 emits light.
In addition, what can emit the light 61 of the wavelength which this apparatus 11 requires in order for the plant 91 aiming at cultivation to grow is used.

The liquid fertilizer tank 71 (see FIG. 3) is a tank that stores liquid fertilizer supplied to the cultivation tray 93, and the liquid fertilizer pump 73 (see FIG. 3) is a pump that pumps the liquid fertilizer stored in the liquid fertilizer tank 71 to the cultivation tray 93. It is. The liquid fertilizer pump 73 pumps all of the liquid fertilizers stored in the liquid fertilizer tank 71 to one end of the cultivation tray 93 (here, eight pieces), and the liquid fertilizer overflowing from the other end of the cultivation tray 93 is collected by a conduit (not shown). By flowing into 71, the liquid fertilizer circulates between the liquid fertilizer tank 71 and each cultivation tray 93.
The liquid fertilizer contains nutrients, moisture, and the like necessary for the plant 91 intended for cultivation to grow, and is prepared at the start of cultivation of the plant 91 and injected into the liquid fertilizer tank 71. If necessary, when the liquid fertilizer decreases, the liquid fertilizer tank 71 is replenished, and when the liquid fertilizer deteriorates due to decay or the like, it is replaced.

A method of using the apparatus 11 will be briefly described.
First, the apparatus 11 is installed at a desired installation location. Normally, it is necessary to transport the apparatus 11 to a desired installation location, but various methods can be used for this transportation method. For example, the apparatus 11 (container 21) may be placed on the loading platform of a truck (truck), and the truck 11 may be moved to transport the apparatus 11 to a desired installation location (in this case, The apparatus 11 (container 21) may be fixed to the loading platform of the truck (truck) by engaging the recess 25c with a projection (not shown) formed on the loading platform of the truck (truck). In this conveyance process, it is preferable to remove the liquid fertilizer from the liquid fertilizer tank 71 in order to prevent leakage of the liquid fertilizer and, if necessary, the cultivation tray 93, the solar battery generator 31, the wind power generator 41, and the storage battery. 51, the support shelf 81, and the like may be transported and assembled in a desired installation place by appropriately removing or disassembling the apparatus 11.
Second, a required amount of liquid fertilizer is prepared and poured into the liquid fertilizer tank 71.
Third, the plant 91 is placed on the cultivation tray 93.
Fourth, the controller (not shown) stores the lighting time of the light 61, the operating conditions of the liquid fertilizer pump 73, and the like, and starts operation.
Note that the order of the second and third operations may be appropriately changed.
By operating the apparatus 11 in this state, the root (not shown) of the plant 91 contacts the liquid fertilizer inside the cultivation tray 93 so that the root (not shown) of the plant 91 absorbs the liquid fertilizer and is irradiated from the light 61. The plant 91 receives the light, and the plant 91 can be grown and harvested appropriately. And this plant 11 can be moved to another place, and another plant 91 can also be grown.

As described above, the present apparatus 11 is a plant cultivation apparatus that cultivates a plant 91, and includes a container 21 that houses the plant 91 in the interior 22, and a group that is attached to the container 21 and includes hydraulic power, wind power, and sunlight. Power generation means for converting at least one selected energy (here, wind power and sunlight) into electric power (a solar battery power generator 31 that converts sunlight into electric power and a wind power generator 41 that converts wind power into electric power) And power including the power generated by the power generation means (solar cell generator 31 and wind power generator 41) (here, generated by the power generation means (solar battery power generator 31 and wind power generator 41)). Illuminating means (here, a plurality of lights 61) that emits light only by electric power and illuminates the plant 91 inside the container 21.
And in this apparatus 11, a power generation means (solar cell generator 31 and wind power generator 41) comprises the solar cell (solar cell panel 35 of solar cell generator 31) which converts sunlight into electric power.
In the present apparatus 11, a solar cell (solar cell panel 35 of the solar cell generator 31) is attached to the upper surface 23 of the container 21.
Further, in the present apparatus 11, the power generation means (solar cell power generator 31 and wind power generator 41) includes a wind power generator 41 that converts wind power into electric power.
In addition, the device 11 further includes power storage means (here, the storage battery 51) for storing the power generated by the power generation means (solar battery generator 31 and wind power generator 41).
In the present apparatus 11, the illumination means (the plurality of lights 61) includes a light emitting diode.
In the present apparatus 11, the container 21 is a general-purpose container (so-called 20-foot container).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 This apparatus 21 Container 22 Inside 23 Upper surface 25 Bottom surface 25c Recessed part 26a, 26b Open / close door 29 Outside 31 Solar cell generator 33 Support tool 35 Solar cell panel 35a Surface 41 Wind power generator 42 Support rod 43 Generator storage part 44 Blade part 51 Storage battery 61 Light 71 Liquid fertilizer tank 73 Liquid fertilizer pump 81 Support shelf 91 Plant 93 Cultivation tray

Claims (7)

A plant cultivation apparatus for cultivating a plant,
A container that houses plants inside,
A power generation means attached to the container for converting at least one energy selected from the group consisting of hydropower, wind power and sunlight into electric power;
Illumination means that emits light by electric power including electric power generated by the electric power generation means and illuminates plants inside the container;
A plant cultivation apparatus comprising:     The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power generation means includes a solar cell that converts sunlight into electric power.     The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the solar cell is attached to the upper surface of the container.     The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the power generation means includes a wind power generator that converts wind power into electric power.     The plant cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a power storage unit configured to store electric power generated by the power generation unit.     The plant cultivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the illuminating means comprises a light emitting diode.     The plant cultivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the container is constituted by a general-purpose container.

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