JP3158356B2 - Method of mounting waterproof sheet in tunnel and waterproof sheet used for implementing the method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for mounting a waterproof sheet on the inner surface of a tunnel in the construction of a tunnel, and a waterproof sheet used for carrying out the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the construction of a tunnel, a waterproof sheet is generally mounted on the inner surface of the tunnel. Conventionally, this mounting operation has been performed by an operator driving a concrete nail or the like through a waterproof sheet into the inner surface of the tunnel from a scaffold or a work table installed in the tunnel.

[0003]

However, this method requires a lot of man-hours and is inefficient.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and is simple and in a short time.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for mounting a waterproof sheet in a tunnel and a method for implementing the method, and a waterproof sheet used for implementing the method, so that the waterproof sheet can be uniformly and reliably mounted on the inner surface of the tunnel.

[0005]

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problem is solved as follows. (1) A plurality of support members having surface fasteners are fixed to the inner surface of the tunnel, and a waterproof sheet provided with an engaging layer capable of engaging with the surface fastener on the outer surface is pressed toward the inner surface of the tunnel. After the engagement layer is attached to the hook-and-loop fastener of the support member , a negative pressure source is applied to the air vent opening passing through the waterproof sheet.
By connecting the tubes, air existing between the inner surface of the tunnel and the waterproof sheet is sucked, and the waterproof sheet is brought into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel.

(2) A plurality of support members having surface fasteners are fixed to the inner surface of the tunnel, and a waterproof sheet provided on the outer surface with an engaging layer capable of engaging with the surface fastener is directed toward the inner surface of the tunnel. pressing Te, the engaging sealable layer substantially simultaneously with engaged with the surface fastener of the support member, the tarpaulin transmural
To connect the negative pressure source tube to the air vent
Thus, the air existing between the inner surface of the tunnel and the waterproof sheet is sucked to bring the waterproof sheet into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel.

(3) In the above item (1) or (2),
On the inner surface of the tunnel, a plurality of belt-shaped support members having surface fasteners on the surface are fastened to each other in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the tunnel, separated from each other, and oriented in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel,
A waterproof sheet provided on the outer surface with an engaging layer capable of engaging with the hook-and-loop fastener is pressed toward the inner surface of the tunnel, and the hook-up layer is engaged with the hook-and-loop fastener of the support member.

(4) In the above item (1) or (2),
On the inner surface of the tunnel, a plurality of belt-shaped support members having surface fasteners on the surface are fastened to each other in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the tunnel, separated from each other, and oriented in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel,
The outer surface shape is smaller than the inner surface shape of the tunnel, and, on the outer surface of the work vehicle having a shape substantially similar to that of the tunnel, a waterproof sheet provided with an engaging layer capable of engaging with the hook-and-loop fastener on the outer surface, and The waterproof sheet is pressed toward the inner surface of the tunnel by a pressing unit that is provided at a position facing the support member on the outer surface of the work cart and that faces the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Attach to the fastener.

(5) In any one of the above items (1) to (4) , after the air between the inner surface of the tunnel and the waterproof sheet is sucked by a negative pressure source, the tube is removed. Is removed from the air vent, and the air vent is closed with a cap.

(6) In any one of the above items (1) to (5) , one end of the waterproof sheet to be mounted on the inner surface of the tunnel is connected to the end of the waterproof sheet already mounted on the inner surface of the tunnel. While the other end of the waterproof sheet to be mounted is pressed against the inner surface of the tunnel by pressing means for pressing the waterproof sheet against the inner surface of the tunnel, between the inner surface of the tunnel and the waterproof sheet. Aspirate any air present.

(7) A waterproof sheet used for carrying out the method according to any one of the above items (1) to (6) , wherein an end of a tube of a negative pressure source can be attached and detached. An air vent that penetrates the waterproof sheet is provided.

(8) In the above item (7), the air vent can be closed by a cap.

(9) In the above item (7) or (8),
The anchoring layer is formed of a nonwoven fabric.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the right side of FIG. 1 is referred to as “front” and the left side is referred to as “rear”.

First, an arched excavation hole provided in the ground (1)
On the bottom (A) of (2), two rails (3) pointing in the front-back direction
Lay (3) parallel to each other, and
(3) (3) on, placing the wheel (5) (5) in the working carriage (4).

The work cart (4) has a lower end portion having a horizontal beam.
(8) Downward U-shaped front frame (6) and rear frame joined by (8)
A work cart body (12) constructed by connecting (7) with a connecting rod (9), an intermediate plate (10), and a support plate (11) pointing in the front-rear direction.
A pair of left and right arched moving frames (13) (1), which are smaller than the upper half of the
3) is attached, and work tables (14) and (15) are provided before and after the work carriage body (12).

The left and right connecting rods (9) are connected by a plurality of lateral beams (16). Intermediate plate (10) for joining the lower part of the center part of the front frame (6) and rear frame (7) in the vertical direction slightly
Is wider than the front frame (6) and the rear frame (7) , and has two hydraulic cylinders (17) (17) ( 17) is provided.

A front-rear gap is provided between a pair of left and right support plates (11) and (11) that connect the upper and lower portions of the front frame (6) and the rear frame (7) slightly above the center in the vertical direction. 18), and a pair of left and right opening and closing plates (19) and (19) are provided over the upper surfaces of both support plates (11) and (11) so as to be movable in the left and right directions.
The inner ends of the open / close plates (19) and (19) abut each other, and the upper surface of each of the upper surfaces faces downward for mounting a waterproof sheet (S) wound in the shape of glasses, which will be described later. A holding member (20) which is recessed is fixed.

The left and right moving frames (13) and (13) are smaller in size than one side of the upper half of the excavation hole (2) and are substantially similar to the front and rear rods (21) and (22). And four mounting rods facing the front and back
(23) At the upper end of the front rod (21) and the rear rod (22), a concave portion (24) for placing the waterproof sheet (S) wound in a spectacle shape is provided. ) Is formed.

An air tube (31) connected to an air supply source (not shown) is fixed to each mounting rod (23).
The air tube (31) is in a state of being thinly folded (see FIG. 3 ) when air is constantly being removed, and when air is supplied, it expands so as to have a circular cross section (see FIG. 2). is there.

Each of the upper rods 6a and 7a of the front frame 6 and the rear frame 7 is provided with three electric winches 25, 26 and 26, respectively.

After moving the work cart (4) to the place where the waterproof sheet (S) is to be mounted, the work table (14) (15) is used to move the inner periphery of the ground excavation hole (2). On the surface, multiple arched supports (27) were installed along the length of the tunnel,
Primary lining concrete by spraying inside (2)
(B) is formed.

On the surface of the primary lining concrete (B), there are a plurality of belt-shaped front and rear directions to which a surface fastener (28) is fixed.
The support members (29) facing away from each other are separated from each other in the circumferential direction, and face the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
Stop by 0). Incidentally, the supporting member part length (29), sequentially replenished in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, it may be secured in a straight line.

Next, for example, a sheet made of a non-water-permeable synthetic resin is formed on the inner side (the work cart (4) side), and a non-woven fabric or the like which can engage with the hook-and-loop fastener (28) is formed on the outer side (the inner side of the tunnel). A core material (T) facing in the front-rear direction was attached to both left and right side edges while forming a double structure in which an anchoring layer (S1) was formed.
Waterproof sheet (S) whose front and rear length is slightly longer than that of the moving frame (13)
Are wound in advance from both left and right sides in the central direction,
The eyeglasses are formed into a pair of wrapped portions in a front view and placed on the center of the intermediate plate (10) as it is (see the phantom line in FIG. 3). An air vent (S2) penetrating the waterproof sheet (S ) is provided at the front end of the waterproof sheet (S) at the center in the left-right direction.

[0025] Then, the opening and closing plate (19) (19) by sliding in the left and right, as well as open the gap (18), electric winch provided at the center portion of the front frame (6) and the rear frame (7) ( 25) Wire (W)
After fixing the lower end of the waterproof sheet (S) to the front and rear ends of the core (T) of the waterproof sheet (S), the electric winch (25) is operated, and the waterproof sheet (S) is slightly moved upward of the gap (18). After lifting, open / close plate (1
9) After closing (19), the waterproof sheet (S) is placed on the holding members (20) and (20) (see the phantom line in FIG. 3).

The wire (W) of the electric winch (25) is
Remove from (T), electric winches on both left and right sides (26) (26)
After fixing the wire (W) to the right and left core members (T), the electric winches (26) and (26) are operated to
Move the left and right winding parts of (S) to the left and right moving frames (13) and (13), respectively.
(See solid line in FIG. 3).

Next, the wire (W) is removed from the core material (T) , and both sides of the waterproof sheet (S) are developed obliquely downward along the moving frames (13) and (13) (see FIG. 3). The moving frame (13) and the air tube (31) are covered with the waterproof sheet (S).

After connecting the end of the tube (33) of the negative pressure source (32) such as a suction pump installed on the work cart (4) to the air vent (S2) of the waterproof sheet (S), Hydraulic cylinder (17) (1
7) Extend the piston rod and raise the moving frame (13) until it comes close to the upper half of the primary lining concrete (B)
(See FIGS. 1 and 2).

When the moving frames (13) and (13) are raised to the positions shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each air tube (31) is moved to the supporting member (29).
(See FIGS. 1 and 2).

Next, the rear end of the waterproof sheet (S) is attached to the front end of the preceding waterproof sheet (S ') already mounted on the inner surface of the tunnel and having the secondary lining concrete (C) formed on the inner surface. Are bonded by heat welding or the like. The front edge lower tarpaulin (S), of arched slightly smaller dimension than the tunnel inner surface fixed frame (34)
Is arranged, and the arch-shaped air tube (35) fixed to the upper surface of the fixed frame (34) is inflated. Using the pressure of the air tube (35), the front edge of the waterproof sheet (S) is Press against the primary lining concrete (B).

Next, the air supply source is operated to supply air to the air tube (31) at almost the same time as the negative pressure source (3).
Activate 2). Then, due to the pressure of the air, the air tube (31) expands, the waterproof sheet (S) is moved toward the support member (29), and the anchoring layer (S1) formed on the outer surface of the waterproof sheet (S). Is pressed against the hook-and-loop fastener (28) of the support member (29), and the air existing between the waterproof sheet (S) and the primary lining concrete is sucked, so that the entire waterproof sheet (S) becomes 1
Next, it adheres to the lining concrete (B), and the waterproof sheet (S)
It is uniformly installed on the inner surface of the primary lining concrete (B).

At this time, if the binding layer (S1) is formed of a non-woven fabric, the binding layer (S1) becomes a ventilation layer, and the air flow in the direction along the surface of the waterproof sheet (S) is smooth. Therefore, the air flow in that direction is not interrupted on the way. For this purpose, a ventilation layer may be separately provided on the waterproof sheet (S).

The waterproof sheet (S) is made of primary lining concrete
When it comes into close contact with the inner surface of (B), the tube (33) of the negative pressure source (32) is removed from the air vent (S2), and the air vent (S2) is closed with a cap (36) (see FIG. 4). , Waterproof sheet (S)
And the primary lining concrete (B) are kept in a state where air is released. Next, the air supply source is stopped, the air tube (31) is deflated, and the work cart (4) is put on the waterproof sheet.
After moving to the front of (S), 2
Casting and hardening the next lining concrete (C) (not shown)
With the ends after tarpaulin (S), the preceding tarpaulin
Coupled to front ends of the (S ').

By repeating such operations sequentially, the installation of the waterproof sheet (S) and the placement of the secondary lining concrete (C) can be performed in a batch manner over the entire length of the tunnel.

As described above, since the air tube (31), which is considerably smaller in size and smaller in volume than the waterproof sheet (S), is inflated, the pressure in the air tube (31) must be increased. The waterproof sheet (S) can be pressed with a strong force against the hook-and-loop fastener (28) of the support member (29) previously attached to the primary lining concrete (B). ) Can be firmly attached to the support member (29).

Further, since the air existing between the waterproof sheet (S) and the primary lining concrete (B) is sucked, not only the adhesion between the hook-and-loop fastener (28) and the waterproof sheet (S) but also the waterproof property is obtained. The adhesion between the entire sheet (S) and the primary lining concrete (B) can also be improved.

Further, even when the support (27) is provided on the inner surface of the tunnel as in the present embodiment, the support member (29) can be attached to the support (27) in an overlapping manner. Therefore, even when the end of the waterproof sheet (S) coincides with the mounting position of the shoring (27), the end of the waterproof sheet (S) can be attached to that part, and the waterproof sheet (S) No sagging occurs at the end of the.

[0038] regardless of the air tube (31) as in the present embodiment, the operator vibrator or the like, tarpaulins
When the waterproof sheet (S) is attached by pressing the (S) against the support member (29), the support member (29) at the place where the waterproof sheet (S) is to be attached is the waterproof sheet (S). And the operator cannot confirm the mounting position.

However, the support member (29) extends linearly in the front-rear direction of the tunnel, and the waterproof sheet to be mounted is provided.
Since the support member (29) is exposed in front of (S), the worker can perform the work of attaching the waterproof sheet (S) while grasping the attachment position of the support member (29). . Therefore, the work of attaching the waterproof sheet (S) becomes easy, and the waterproof sheet (S) can be attached uniformly.

After the waterproof sheet (S) is completely adhered to the primary lining concrete (B), the secondary lining concrete (C) is cast. It is easy to cast concrete and secondary lining concrete
There is no danger of wrinkling or cracking of the waterproof sheet (S) at the time of casting (C).

When the primary lining concrete (B) is not formed, the support member (29) may be directly attached to the excavation hole (2) and the waterproof sheet (S) may be attached in the same manner as described above.

In this embodiment, the air tube (31)
Pressing of the waterproof sheet (S) against the support member (29) by
Although the work of sucking air existing between the waterproof sheet (S) and the primary lining concrete (B) is performed at the same time, the waterproof sheet (S) is attached to the support member (29) by the air tube (31). After mounting by pressing, the negative pressure source (32) may be operated to release air, and the entire waterproof sheet (S) may be brought into close contact with the primary lining concrete (B).

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. The same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

In this embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment,
First, a plurality of supports (27) are installed using a work cart (4), and a primary lining concrete (B) is formed inside the excavation hole (2), and a primary lining concrete is formed. A plurality of belt-shaped support members (29) are fixed to the surface of (B).

Next, the moving frame (13) of the work cart (4) is raised, and the air tube (31) is inflated.
The fastening layer (S1) of the waterproof sheet (S) is brought into contact with the hook-and-loop fastener (28) of the support member (29). At this time, no air is vented between the waterproof sheet (S) and the primary lining concrete (B). At this time, a gap is formed between the portion of the waterproof sheet (S) other than the contact portion with the support member (29) and the primary lining concrete (B), and the waterproof sheet (S) sags. And
Also, the fastening layer (S1) of the waterproof sheet (S) and the hook-and-loop fastener (28)
There is not enough contact.

In this state, the work cart (4) is moved forward from immediately below the waterproof sheet (S) along the rail (3), and another work cart (centre (40)) is waterproofed. Sheet
It is arranged immediately below (S).

The centre (40) is formed by connecting a plurality of columns (41) pointing in the vertical direction, a plurality of horizontal plates (42), a plurality of beams (43) pointing in the front-rear direction, and the like. The outer wall of (44) is fitted with an arch-shaped outer wall (45) that is smaller and has a similar shape to the inner diameter of the inner surface of the tunnel, and the wheel (46) of the centur (40) is mounted on the rail (3). It is placed on.

The horizontal plate (42) of the center (40) has a negative pressure source (32)
The open end of the tube (33) of the negative pressure source (32) is connected to the air vent (S2) of the waterproof sheet (S) mounted on the support member (29). , Waterproof sheet (S)
An arch-shaped air tube (47) is arranged between the lower surface of the front edge of the waterproof sheet and the outer wall (45), and the front edge of the waterproof sheet (S) is pressed against the primary lining concrete (B). .

Next, when the negative pressure source (32) is operated, the fastening layer (S1) of the waterproof sheet (S) and the surface fastener of the support member (29) are operated.
(28) and the gap between the entire waterproof sheet (S) and the primary lining concrete (B) is eliminated, so that the waterproof sheet (S) closely adheres to the primary lining concrete (B). become.

The waterproof sheet (S) is made of primary lining concrete
When it comes into close contact with (B), the tube (33) is removed from the air vent (S2), the air vent (S2) is closed with a cap (48), and the air tube (47) is removed from the outer wall (45). Thereafter, the secondary lining concrete (C) is cast between the outer wall (45) and the waterproof sheet (S) by using the outer wall (45) of the center (40). While placing the secondary lining concrete (C),
The above air bleeding may be performed.

According to the present embodiment, the formation of the primary lining concrete (B) and the secondary lining concrete
A series of operations up to the placement of (C) can be smoothly performed.

[0052]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (a) According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the waterproof sheet can be firmly attached to the support member fixed to the inner surface of the tunnel in advance, and the gap between the entire waterproof sheet and the inner surface of the tunnel can be provided. And the waterproof sheet can be evenly adhered to the inner surface of the tunnel .
Air between the tarpaulin and the inside of the tunnel.
I can.

(B) According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the worker presses the waterproof sheet against the support member with a vibrator or the like to attach the waterproof sheet, the location where the waterproof sheet is to be attached. Is covered by the waterproof sheet, and the worker cannot confirm the mounting position. However, since the support member extends linearly in the front-rear direction of the tunnel, and the support member is exposed in front of the waterproof sheet to be mounted, the worker grasps the mounting position of the support member while grasping the mounting position. In addition, the work of mounting the waterproof sheet can be performed.

(C) According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the waterproof sheet can be easily and reliably mounted on the inner surface of the tunnel.

(D) According to the fifth aspect of the invention, even after the operation of the negative pressure source is stopped, the space between the waterproof sheet and the inner surface of the tunnel can be maintained in a state where air is released. it can.

(E) According to the invention described in claim 6 , air can be prevented from entering between the waterproof sheet and the inner surface of the tunnel from the end of the waterproof sheet to be mounted. In addition, air can be quickly and reliably vented between the waterproof sheet and the inner surface of the tunnel.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a state after a waterproof sheet is attached according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 2, showing a state before the waterproof sheet is attached.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing a state in which the support member is fixed to the inner surface of the tunnel and a main part of the prevention sheet.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing a state before a waterproof sheet is attached according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 6, showing a state after the waterproof sheet is attached.

[Explanation of symbols]

(1) Ground (2) Excavation hole (3) Rail (4) Work trolley (5) Wheel (6) Front frame (7) Rear frame (8) Beam (9) Connecting rod (10) Intermediate plate (11 ) Support plate (12) Work cart body (13) Moving frame (14) (15) Work table (16) Beam (17) Hydraulic cylinder (18) Clearance (19) Opening / closing plate (20) Holding member (21) Front Rod (22) Rear rod (23) Mounting rod (24) Recess (25) (26) Electric winch (27) Shoring (28) Surface fastener (29) Support member (30) Concrete needle (31) Air tube (32 ) Negative pressure source (33) Tube (34) Fixed frame (35) Air tube (36) Cap (40) Centre (41) Post (42) Horizontal plate (43) Beam (44) Centre body (45) Outer wall (46 ) Wheels (47) Air tube (48) Cap (A) Ground (B) Primary lining concrete (C) Secondary lining concrete (S) (S ') Tarpaulin (S1) Tether layer (S2) Air Hole (T) Core (W) Wire

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. A waterproof sheet provided with a plurality of support members having a surface fastener on the surface thereof on an inner surface of a tunnel, and a waterproof sheet provided on an outer surface thereof with an engaging layer capable of being engaged with the surface fastener, facing the inner surface of the tunnel. After pressing, the engaging layer is engaged with the hook-and-loop fastener of the supporting member, and then the air vent opening passing through the waterproof sheet is provided.
Connecting the tube of the negative pressure source to the inside of the tunnel, sucking air existing between the inner surface of the tunnel and the waterproof sheet, and bringing the waterproof sheet into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel; How to attach. 2. A waterproof sheet having a plurality of support members each having a surface fastener on the inner surface of a tunnel and having an outer surface provided with an anchoring layer capable of being attached to the surface fastener, is attached to the inner surface of the tunnel. Pressing, substantially simultaneously with engaging the anchoring layer with the hook-and-loop fastener of the support member , penetrating the waterproof sheet.
By connecting the tube of the negative pressure source to the air vent port
A method of mounting a waterproof sheet in a tunnel, wherein air existing between the inner surface of the tunnel and the waterproof sheet is sucked to bring the waterproof sheet into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel. 3. A plurality of belt-shaped support members having a surface fastener on the surface thereof are fixed to an inner surface of the tunnel so as to be spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction of the inner surface of the tunnel and to face a longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The waterproof sheet provided on the outer surface with a fastening layer capable of fastening to the surface fastener is pressed toward the inner surface of the tunnel, and the fastening layer is engaged with the surface fastener of the support member. 2. The method for mounting a waterproof sheet in a tunnel according to 2. 4. A plurality of strip-shaped support members having a surface fastener on their surfaces are fixed to the inner surface of the tunnel so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the tunnel and face the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. A waterproof sheet having a fastening layer capable of engaging with the hook-and-loop fastener on the outer surface is developed on the outer surface of a working cart having a shape smaller than the inner surface shape of the tunnel and having a shape substantially similar to that of the tunnel. The waterproof sheet is pressed toward the inner surface of the tunnel by a pressing means provided at a position facing the support member on the outer surface of the carriage and facing the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the fastening layer is fixed to the surface fastener of the support member. The method for mounting a waterproof sheet in a tunnel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waterproof sheet is attached to the tunnel. 5. The method according to claim 5, wherein the tube is removed from the air vent after the air between the inner surface of the tunnel and the waterproof sheet is sucked by a negative pressure source, and the air vent is closed by a cap. Item 5. A method for mounting a waterproof sheet in a tunnel according to any one of Items 1 to 4 . 6. Pressing means for connecting one end of the waterproof sheet to be mounted on the inner surface of the tunnel to the end of the waterproof sheet already mounted on the inner surface of the tunnel, and pressing the waterproof sheet against the inner surface of the tunnel. Accordingly, in a state where the other end of the waterproof sheet was pressed against the inner surface of the tunnel to be mounted, according to claim 1-5, characterized by sucking the air present between the inner surface and the waterproof sheet of the tunnel
The method for mounting a waterproof sheet in a tunnel according to any one of the above. 7. A waterproof sheet having an engaging layer capable of engaging with a hook-and-loop fastener on an outer surface, wherein an end of a tube of a negative pressure source can be attached and detached, and an air vent opening penetrating the waterproof sheet is provided. Features a waterproof sheet. 8. The waterproof sheet according to claim 7, wherein the air vent can be closed by a cap. 9. The fixing layer according to claim 7, wherein the anchoring layer is formed of a nonwoven fabric.
Or the waterproof sheet according to 8.