JP3156284B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly, to a musical instrument group such as a keyboard of an electronic musical instrument, which is divided into a plurality of groups so that the tone of a musical tone generated for each group is made different. Electronic musical instruments.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been proposed an electronic musical instrument in which one keyboard is divided at a predetermined position to designate different timbres. In such an electronic musical instrument, the keyboard is divided into a plurality of key ranges, for example, a lower key and an upper key, and the lower key is a bass sound (usually, a different tone, the lowest key of a performance key is in charge). And the key above is a melody or other accompaniment performance. However, if the division position is fixed, the bass sound may deviate from the key range of the different tone, resulting in an unnatural performance. Therefore, by dividing the keyboard at an arbitrary position and setting the keys of each divided group as keys indicating different timbres, it is possible to simultaneously play a plurality of timbres, and furthermore, freely adjust the range of each timbre. An electronic musical instrument that can be changed has been proposed (JP-A-57-1555).
No. 94).

[0003]

However, in such a conventional electronic musical instrument, the dividing position for dividing the keyboard is set in advance before the performance, so that the dividing position is set appropriately. However, if the division position is set erroneously, an erroneous operation occurs in which another accompaniment key enters the division position. Therefore, there is a problem that the setting of the division position must be performed after first examining the music to be played, which is troublesome. In particular, the setting of the dividing position as described above is a great deal of trouble for beginners aside from skilled players. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument in which the lowest sound as the bass sound always has a different tone regardless of the division position.

[0004]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
A performance control group consisting of a plurality of performance controls for designating pitches, and a musical tone having a pitch specified by the performance controls.
Sustain granting hand instructing whether to enter the stin state
A stage , division designating means for designating the performance operation group into a plurality of groups at designated division positions, allocating means for allocating different timbres to the groups divided by the division designating means, Musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal based on a pitch designated by a child and a tone assigned by the assigning means, and a performance operator designating a lowest pitch among the operated performance operators determination means for, the division position changing means for changing a dividing position designated by said division designating means based on the determination result of the determining means, the sustain applying means sustain
When the status is instructed, the operation of the division position changing means is prohibited.
Prohibiting means for stopping . Change the division position
The means has been operated as claimed in claim 2.
Among the performance operators, the performance operator that specifies the lowest pitch is
A predetermined range from the division position specified by the division specifying means
When changing the division position when it is within
May also be, also, the dividing position changing means, wherein
As described in Item 3 , the performance operator that designates the lowest pitch among the operated performance operators is the performance operator group.
The division position may be changed when the sound is below the predetermined performance operator set in the above. As further described in claim 4, wherein the performance operation element group may be a keyboard.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there are a plurality of performance operators.
Key operation on each of the performance operators
The pitch corresponding to the performance operator is designated. Also, suspension
The tin assigning means is specified by the performance operator.
Instructs whether or not to put the sustain tone on the pitch tone
Wherein the division designating means designates the performance operator group
Is specified to be divided into multiple groups at the specified division position.
is there. Allocating means for the group divided by the division designating means;
A different tone is assigned to each loop.
The generating means includes a pitch designated by the performance operator and a preceding pitch.
A tone signal based on the tone assigned by the assigning means.
Is to occur. The determining means is configured to operate the performance.
Determine which of the performance controls specifies the lowest pitch.
Set. Then, the dividing position changing means is provided for the determining means.
Specified by the division specifying means based on the determination result
Change the split position. Note that the prohibition means includes the above-mentioned Sustain
When the giving means instructs the sustain state, the dividing position
The operation of the replacement means is prohibited. in this way,
When the sound is sustained, the sound will continue to sound
In order to avoid changing the
Prohibit changing the position of the
An electronic musical instrument in which the lowest tone that becomes the bass tone is made a different tone
It is a vessel. According to a second aspect of the present invention, the dividing position changing means is provided.
The row specifies the lowest pitch of the operated performance controls.
The performance operator is assigned to the division position designated by the division designation means.
Change the division position when it is within a predetermined range from the
The pitch of the key that has been depressed jumps greatly
In this case, avoid changing the split position and
The division position is set only in the high range. Claim
In the invention of Item 3, the dividing position changing means is operated.
Among the performance operators, the performance operator that specifies the lowest pitch is
The range below the specified performance controls set in the performance controls
When the division position is changed
The range that cannot be used as the bass sound
Will not be set, and a more appropriate split position will be set.
Can be determined.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Rationale First, a description will be given of the basic concept of the present invention. FIG.
5 are diagrams for explaining a setting method for setting a division position (hereinafter, referred to as a split position) for dividing a performance operator group into a plurality of groups. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a keyboard which functions as a performance operator for playing a series of note information and designates a split position. First,
As shown in FIG. 1, the current split position (that is, the lowest key position pressed last) is S, a key having a certain pitch x higher than this split position S is U, and the split position S
T is the highest setting key that is the highest key that can be set, and the upper pitch range above the split position S is Upp.
er (upper timbre) and a range below the split position S are referred to as lower (lower timbre).

Here, corresponding to the split position S, the key U higher than the split position S by a certain pitch x and the highest key T capable of setting the split position S are set as follows. For such reasons. That is,
In the former case, it has been empirically recognized that the lowest sound as the bass sound does not fluctuate so much as compared with the sound before that, and the next sound flies a certain width x or more from the split position S set first. If it is, it is not a bass sound. In the latter, the bass sound is the lowest sound, and it is considered that it cannot be higher than a certain scale, so that an upper limit is set.

Next, the movement of the split position when the key K is depressed will be described with reference to FIGS. Now, when the key K is depressed, the split position S is moved when all of the following conditions are satisfied. K is the lowest note of the currently depressed key. The sustain pedal is not depressed and not in the sustain state. K is in a range below the key U that is a fixed width x higher than the split position S. K is in the range below the set maximum key T of the split position S. However, it is assumed that the above conditions are satisfied in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the key K is depressed in the range below the split position S, the split condition S moves to the position K because K satisfies the above condition.

[0010] As shown in FIG.
When the key is depressed in a range larger than the key U that is larger than the key U by a certain width x, the split condition S moves to the position K higher than S because K satisfies the above condition.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the key K is depressed in a range above the key U, the above condition is satisfied but the condition is not satisfied. Therefore, the split position S is not moved.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the key is depressed in a range above the key T, the above condition is not satisfied, and the bass sound should not move so much, and the set maximum limit is exceeded. Therefore, the split position S is not moved because it is not a bass sound. As described above, the split position S can be moved depending on the performance state, and the lowest tone K serving as the bass sound can always be a different tone regardless of the split position S.

An embodiment will be described below based on the above basic principle. FIG.
FIG. 12 to FIG. 12 are views showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, and this embodiment is an example applied to an electronic keyboard musical instrument.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the electronic musical instrument 11.
1 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 12, RO
M (Read Only Memory) 13, RAM (RandomAccess M)
emory) 14, keyboard 15, split setting switch 1
6, sustaining switch 17, envelope circuit 1
8, a sound source 19, a sound generation circuit 20, and the like.

Various programs and data necessary for controlling the electronic musical instrument 11 are stored in the ROM 13. RAM14
Is mainly used as a work memory. In particular, as shown in FIG. 7, the predetermined data area is CH (channel).
Used as register 21. The CH register 21 stores tone data C3, A2, D4, F3,..., G3 and the like for each of CH0 to CHN channels (for example, 8 channels), and the most significant bit thereof indicates the presence or absence of a tone generation state. A flag (“1” when sound is generated, “0” when sound is not generated due to key release, etc.) is provided. By reading out the tone signal data based on the key depression from the CH register 21 and executing the tone generation process (FIGS. 11 and 12) described later, simultaneous sound emission of a plurality of channels becomes possible.

The CPU 12 controls each part of the electronic musical instrument 11 in accordance with the program stored in the ROM 13, and executes a process as a sound generator, particularly, a split position setting process as described later.

The keyboard 15 is a keyboard provided with a plurality of keys for designating a pitch to be generated. The keyboard 15 includes key pitch information Kn for a plurality of tone generation channels (CH0 to CHN), and touches. Key touch information K indicating the strength of
n, and key performance information KOn indicating key on / off, and outputs the performance information. Among these performance information, KNn, KO
n is output to the CPU 12. When the key is pressed at the time of setting the split position, the split position is specified. Therefore, the keyboard 15 functions as a group of performance operators for outputting a series of performance information, and constitutes a division designating unit. In the present embodiment, the keyboard 15 is used as a performance operation element. However, in addition to or instead of this, performance information may be output by a bender, a pedal, or the like.

The split setting switch 16 is a switch for setting a split mode in which the keyboard 15 as a performance operator group is divided into a plurality of groups and designated.

The sustain switch 17 is a switch provided on the sustain pedal, and is turned on when the sustain pedal is depressed, indicating that the vehicle is in the sustain state.

The envelope circuit 18 generates an envelope based on the data D and address A sent from the CPU 12, and supplies the envelope to the sound source 19.
It will be described later.

The tone generator 19 has a plurality of tone generation channels (CH) based on the tone data transferred from the CPU 12.
N), the tone signal KNn assigned to each channel can be generated independently by the CPU.
12 and generates a tone signal in each channel based on the received tone signal. As the sound source 19, for example, PCM
A method, a method of generating a predetermined waveform by executing a non-linear synthesis operation or a sine wave operation, or the like is used. For example, the CPU 12 generates a tone corresponding to a key depression of the keyboard 15 by the sound source 19.
Is generated in real time. In that case, the pitch may be slightly shifted from the original sound, or may be generated in a transposed state. Further, the CPU 12 can store the sequencer information by operating the keyboard 15 and generate a tone signal corresponding to the sequencer information in response to a play start instruction of the keyboard or the like.

The tone generator 20 is a sound system for generating an output tone signal as an audio output, and emits a signal converted into an analog tone signal by an A / D converter (not shown) through a speaker or the like.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the envelope circuit 19. In this figure, the envelope circuit 19 includes a plurality of sound channels CH0 based on a predetermined timing signal.
C (current) register 31 for storing the current value of the envelope for each of .about.CHN, and LR for storing the envelope reaching level (i.e., target value) sent from the CPU 12 and the multi-bit step rate data of the envelope.
A register 32, an adder / subtractor 33 for adding or subtracting the rate from the current value according to an instruction from the CPU 12, and sending the result of the operation as a current value to the C register 31 and the comparator 34; And a comparator 34 that outputs a match signal ARV to the CPU 12 when the comparison result matches.

Accordingly, in the envelope circuit 19, for example, in the tone generation process of the channel CH0, the target value (level) and the rate are transferred as data D from the CPU 12 to the register 32. Then, first, the rate of the channel CH0 is input to one input terminal of the adder / subtracter 33 composed of the ALU, and the current value from the register 31 is input to the other input terminal. Here, since the envelope (current value) of the envelope input from the register 31 to the adder / subtractor 33 is initially 0, the input rate is directly output to the register 31 and the comparator 34. The comparator 34 compares the added value with the target value (level). In this case, since the values do not match, the ARV is not output. The added value is stored as an envelope in the channel CH0 of the register 31, and is output to the sound source 19 at a predetermined timing. In this way, when the rate accumulates for each channel and matches the level, the comparator 34 outputs ARV to the CPU 12. The CPU 12 receives this and transfers the next level of the rate to the register 32. For example, when the level of the attack of the envelope is achieved and the ARV is output, the next level is release, so the register 3
A predetermined value of-(minus) is transferred to the rate of 2 and 0 is transferred to the level, and the adder / subtractor 33 becomes a subtractor. Then, the envelope value at this time, which is the uppermost value of the attack, is subtracted at the above rate until the level becomes 0, and when the envelope becomes 0, the ARV is output to the CPU 12.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First,
The split position setting process will be described. The split position is set by first activating the main routine shown in FIG. That is, in FIG. 9, when the power switch is turned on, an initialization process is performed in step S1, and it is checked whether or not the split setting switch 16 is turned on in step S2. When the split setting switch 16 is turned on, it is determined that the mode is the split setting mode, and the split position setting process (see FIG. 10) is performed in step S3, and step S4 is performed.
To perform sound generation processing (see FIGS. 11 and 12), and return to step S2. When the split setting switch 16 is off, it is determined that there is no change in the split position setting, so that step S3 is jumped, and sound generation processing is performed according to the split position already set in step S4.

FIG. 10 shows a subroutine for setting the split position, which corresponds to step S3. First, at step S11, it is checked whether or not a key is pressed after the split setting mode. When a key is pressed, at step S12, the key pressing No. is stored in a register S provided in the RAM 14 (or the CPU 12). And returns to the main routine.

Next, the split position S depends on the playing state.
A description will be given of a sound generation process that can change the sound. FIG.
And FIG. 12 shows a subroutine of the tone generation process, which corresponds to the step S4. First, at step S21, the keyboard 15
Is checked, and when the keyboard 15 is turned on, the CH0 flag of the CH register 21 is checked in step S22, the scale data is stored in the CH register having the CH flag of "0", and the scale data is stored in step S23. The CH flag of the stored CH register is set to “1”. That is, when the keyboard 15 is turned on, the CH register 21 composed of N registers (8 registers in the case of 8CH) is searched for a CH flag of "0" in step S22. If CH0 is "0", scale data "C3" is assigned to the register of CH0. Here, the fact that the CH flag is "0" means that the key has been released (it is not in a sound emitting state).
The H flag is set to "1" (step S23). Next, in step S24, the attack level and the rate are sent to the channel CH of the envelope circuit 18 corresponding to the CH register that has become “1” this time. For example, in the case described above, the attack level and rate are sent to the corresponding channel 0 (CH0). Thus, the envelope of the corresponding channel CH is generated by the envelope circuit 18 shown in FIG.

In step S25, the sustain switch 1
7 is determined to be ON, and when the sustain switch 17 is ON, it is determined that there is no condition for changing the split position, and the split position changing process described with reference to FIGS. Then, the process proceeds to the sound generation process after step S31. If the sustain switch 17 is off, the lowest scale of the scale data stored in the CH register whose CH flag is "1" (that is, the sounded one) is set to the K register (step S26). Uses a predetermined area of the RAM 14), adds a constant x corresponding to the fixed scale width x to the register S in which the previously specified split position S is stored in step S27, and stores the result in the U register. (U ← S
+ X). Next, in step S28, it is determined whether or not the scale data K stored in the K register is equal to or smaller than the value stored in the U register (K ≦ U).
In the case of U, as shown in FIG. 4, it is determined that the key U is in a range higher than the key U by a certain width x higher than the split position S, and that the split position S is not in the moving condition (condition).
Proceed to. On the other hand, if K ≦ U, at step S29 the K
It is determined whether or not the scale data K stored in the register is equal to or smaller than a value T corresponding to the preset maximum limit key T (K ≦ T). 5
As shown in (2), it is determined that the sound is beyond the highest key T at which the split position S can be set and is not in the split position S movement condition (condition), and the process proceeds to step S31. K
When ≤T, all of the above conditions are satisfied, and the value of the register K is stored in the register S in step S30 (S ← K). As a result, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the split position S moves to the lowest scale K at which the key is pressed.

In step S31, the register N as a pointer is first set to 0 (N ← 0).
It is determined whether or not the CH flag is “0” (CH flag = 0). If the CH flag is "1", step S33
Stores the scale data of the Nth CH register in the register TN (for example, when CH0, the scale data “C3”
Is stored in the register TN), and it is determined whether or not the scale data stored in the register TN is equal to or smaller than the scale stored in the register S (S ≧ TN) in step S34. That is, here, it is determined whether the scale data of the Nth CH register is above or below the scale with respect to the split position S. If S ≧ TN, step S3
5, the timbre A (bass sound) / scale TN is sent to the sound source 19, and if S> TN, the timbre B / scale T in step S36.
N is sent to the sound source 19. Next, in step S37, the ARV
It is determined whether the flag is "1" (ie, whether the current value of the envelope circuit has reached the attack level and the match signal ARV has been output), and if the ARV flag is "1", an envelope up to the attack level is generated. In step S38, the release level and the target value of the next envelope are transferred to the corresponding CH register of the envelope circuit 18 in step S38. Thereby, the sound generation processing of one channel CH is completed. When the ARV flag is "0", it is determined that the envelope reaching the attack level is being generated, and the process jumps from step S38 and proceeds to step S39. On the other hand, in step S32, N
When the CH flag is "0", the key is released, so that it is determined that there is no need to sound this channel CH, and the process jumps from step S32 to step S38 and proceeds to step S39. In step S39, the pointer N
Is determined to be the maximum number (for example, “8” in the case of 8 CHs). If N does not match the maximum number, the pointer N is incremented by +1 (N ← N) in step S40.
+1), and the process returns to step S32 to repeat the sound generation processing for the next channel CH. When the number of pointers N matches the maximum number, it is determined that the sound generation processing of all the channels CN has been completed, and the processing of this flow is completed.

On the other hand, the operation state of the keyboard 15 is checked in step S21, and when the keyboard 15 is turned off, the CH stored with the scale data turned off in step S41 is stored.
The flag corresponding to the register is set to 0. Next, in a step S42, it is determined whether or not the sustain flag is "1".
When the sustain flag is "0", it is determined that the sustain switch 17 is off and not in the sustain state, and the release of the CH register of the envelope circuit 18 corresponding to the CH register whose CH flag is set to 0 in step S43 is determined. After changing the level and the rate, the process proceeds to step S31. If the sustain flag is "1", which means that the sustain switch 17 is turned on and the vehicle is in the sustain state, the flow proceeds to step S31 without changing the release level and rate in step S43.

On the other hand, as a result of checking the operation of the keyboard 15 in the step S21, if there is no change, the subsequent steps are jumped, and the process goes to the step S31 to perform the sound generation processing as it is.

As described above, the electronic musical instrument 1 of the present embodiment
1 is a key K corresponding to the lowest note of the currently operated keyboard.
Is determined when the sustain switch 17 is off, the key K is in the range of the key U that is higher than the split position S by a certain width x, and the key K is in the range of the split position S equal to or less than the set maximum key T. Since the split position S is changed, it is possible to prevent a malfunction caused by erroneously setting the split position S, and to easily set the split position regardless of the music to be played. It is possible to greatly reduce the trouble of setting the split position especially for a beginner.

[0032]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the performance is sustained.
The lowest note that is the bass sound
To produce effective tones so that
On the other hand, in the sustain state, the division position of the performance
Change the tone and change the tone while the sound continues.
Can be avoided.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the division position is not suitable for changing the division position, for example, there is a movement that is impossible with the base sound, such as the lowest sound jumping so that the division position does not fluctuate with sounds other than the base sound. Thus, the useless change of the division position can be appropriately removed, and a more optimal division position can be automatically set.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the lowest pitch is in a range where the bass pitch cannot be used as the bass tone, the division position is thereby prevented from fluctuating. An incorrect division position is not set, and the division position can be set more accurately.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a division method for dividing a performance operation group of an electronic musical instrument into a plurality of groups.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a division method of dividing a performance operation group of the electronic musical instrument into a plurality of groups.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a division method of dividing a performance operation group of the electronic musical instrument into a plurality of groups.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a division method for dividing a performance operation group of the electronic musical instrument into a plurality of groups.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a division method of dividing a performance operation group of the electronic musical instrument into a plurality of groups.

FIG. 6 is an overall configuration diagram of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a structure of a CH register of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of an envelope circuit of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a main program of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a program for setting a split position of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a program for a sound generation process of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a program for a sound processing of an electronic musical instrument.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Keyboard 11 Electronic Musical Instrument 12 CPU 13 ROM 14 RAM 15 Keyboard 16 Split Setting Switch 17 Sustain Switch 18 Envelope Circuit 19 Sound Source 20 Sounding Circuit 21 CH Register 31 C Register 32 RL Register 33 Adder / Subtractor 34 Comparator

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-54-151435 (JP, A) JP-A-62-197190 (JP, U) JP-A-63-84195 (JP, U) JP-B-62-42516 (JP) , B2) JP-B 62-42517 (JP, B2) JP-B 62-42518 (JP, B2) JP-B 60-30789 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB Name) G10H 1/00-7/12

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] A plurality of performance operators for designating pitches;
Performance operators,Sustains the tone at the pitch specified by the performance operator.
Sustaining means for instructing whether or not to enter the
 A plurality of groups at the designated division position.
Division specifying means for specifying division into groups, and different sounds for each group divided by the division specifying means.
Allocating means for allocating a color, a pitch designated by the performance operator and the allocating means
Music that generates a tone signal based on the assigned tone.
Sound signal generating means, and a lowest pitch of the operated performance operators is designated.
Determination means for determining a performance operator to be performed, and the division designating means based on a determination result of the determination means.
Division position changing means for changing the division position specified by
When,When the sustaining means instructs the sustain state
Prohibiting means for prohibiting the operation of the dividing position changing means
When, An electronic musical instrument comprising: 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said dividing position changing means is operated by a user.
Among the performance operators, the performance operator that specifies the lowest pitch
Within a predetermined range from the division position specified by the division specifying means
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1 , wherein the dividing position is changed when (1) is located . Wherein the dividing position changing means, wherein the performance operator which specifies the maximum bass height of the performance operators which are operated Starring
2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the division position is changed when the musical performance is within a range not more than a predetermined performance operator set in the performance operator group . 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the performance operation group is a keyboard.
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: