JP3148744B2 - Method and apparatus for drafting geographic information - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for drafting geographic information using a computer called a mobile GIS or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when drafting geographic information,
For example, a flat plate survey as shown in FIG. 1 is known. That is, the operator draws the basic information obtained by using the alidade on a flat sheet of paper using a writing instrument such as a pencil while using a ruler and a scale. On this occasion,
At the same time, various handwritten memo information is entered. For example,
Character information such as that the object being drawn is a gutter or manhole, or numerical information such as distance and dimensions required for drawing is written. Therefore, after returning to the office, he rewrites the basic information drawing using handwritten memo information to complete geographic information.

[0003] In recent years, with the advent of mobile GIS, the survey method has been changing from a handwritten draft based on flat plate surveying to an electronic draft based on a portable computer. Such a portable computer usually uses a pen computer, inputs basic information while performing surveying, and performs drawing at the same time. During drafting, it is also possible to input character information and numerical information at the same time.

[0004]

According to a conventional portable computer, in order to write character information and numeric information as a memo during drafting, character codes and numeric codes are read from a dictionary in the computer and written. Time, which hinders rapid drafting. Usually, many workers are accustomed to flat plate surveying as described above, and thus generally prefer to write notes by hand rather than operating a computer.

Accordingly, the present inventor has made it possible to use a pen device on a display device of a portable computer,
We found that if we could write letters and numbers by free tracing, we would be able to draft geographic information using a computer with the same feeling as conventional plate surveying.

Normally, the creation of letters and numbers by free tracing is easily achieved by using a bitmap. However, the bitmap has the following problems.

As is well known, the data created by the bitmap is raster data (also referred to as image data) having a series of dots, and therefore occupies a software operating environment asset (storage device, main memory) for data storage. Becomes extremely large and is not suitable for portable computers. Moreover,
Editing itself is difficult. For example, when deleting a memo, a set of points constituting a character or the like must be processed one by one. In addition, when two handwritten characters overlap, if one character is deleted, the overlapping portion of the other character will be deleted at the same time. Furthermore, there are difficulties in the expression and the like at the time of enlargement / reduction. For example, when an area including a handwritten character is enlarged, the character is enlarged and the line of the character is thickened.

FIG. 2A shows a state in which basic information including a drawing is displayed on a display device, and memo information can be written by hand at an arbitrary place from above, so that it corresponds to the entire area of the display screen. An example in which a bitmap is provided is schematically illustrated. In this case, the memory for storing data becomes huge, which is not suitable for a portable computer at all. Further, the basic information including the drawing is composed of vector data connecting the coordinate data of the start point and the end point by a line as a CAD data format, similarly to the plotting by the plotter. Since the handwritten memo information is composed of the raster data (image data) as described above, each data is stored in a separate draft data file F1 and memo data file F2. Accordingly, the basic information and the handwritten memo information are created at the survey site by a portable computer, and after returning to the office, the vector data stored in the draft data file A and the raster data stored in the memo data file B are converted into a common format. If you try to input to the in-house CAD system through the data exchange software (DXF), the basic information composed of vector data can be entered, but the handwritten memo information composed of raster data is not exchanged. Since the basic information cannot be edited or copied while referring to the handwritten memo information on the CAD system, the handwritten memo information is famous and ineffective and cannot be used.

FIG. 2B schematically shows an example in which a plurality of bitmaps corresponding to predetermined positions on a display screen are provided in order to prevent the memory from being enlarged in FIG. 2A. I have. Therefore, according to such a configuration, the memory capacity of each bitmap is small, and in that sense, it is easily suitable for a portable computer. However, even in this case, the basic information including the drawing is stored in the draft data file F1 as vector data, whereas the handwritten memo information created by each bitmap is stored as individual memo data files F2 and R2 as raster data. As described above, after returning to the survey site from the survey site, the information is transferred to the in-house CAD via data exchange software (DXF).
Even when trying to input to the system, only the basic information (vector data) of the draft data file F1 can be input, and the handwritten memo information (raster data) of the memo data files F2 and F3 cannot be input, and the above problem cannot be solved. .

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for drafting geographic information which solve the above problems.

Therefore, the draft method of geographic information in the present invention is constructed as a means by storing draft data constituting basic information including a map represented by vector data in CAD format in a file and a portable computer. Basic information creating step of storing the basic information in a storage device, and handwritten memo information represented by vector data by free-tracing a pen device on the display device while the basic information is displayed on a display device of a portable computer. And a memo information creating step of storing the handwritten memo information in a file as memo data classified according to the type of memo and storing the memo information in a storage device of a portable computer; and the created basic information and handwritten memo information. Is displayed on the display device in duplicate. In this case, the method includes a display step of selectively displaying the handwritten memo information of each type, and an editing step of deleting or correcting the handwritten memo information in a state where the basic information and the handwritten memo information are overlapped and displayed on the display device. On the point.

Since both the basic information and the handwritten memo information created in the above-described process are composed of vector data, after returning from the surveying site, these information are converted into in-house CAD via data exchange software (DXF). Can be entered into the system. Therefore, in a state where the basic information and the handwritten memo information are overlappedly displayed on the display device of the CAD system, the basic information is copied based on the handwritten memo information, the draft data is updated, and the copied data is stored in the storage device of the CAD device. Perform the process.

[0013] After the clean-up process, a memo deletion process for deleting a part or all of the memo data is performed in the CAD system, whereby the storage device (storage medium) storing the completed draft data can be read. It can be used as a storage medium for geographic information.

Further, the geographic information draft device according to the present invention is configured as a means. In the portable computer, draft data constituting basic information including a map represented by vector data in CAD format is stored and draft data is stored. A file that stores memo data that constitutes handwritten memo information represented by vector data, a storage device that stores the file, a display device that displays the basic information and handwritten memo information redundantly, and the display device. A pen device capable of creating handwritten memo information represented by vector data by free tracing on the above, wherein the file is provided with a divided area for storing memo data in a readable manner for each type of handwritten memo information. It is in the point.

[0015] In the first embodiment of the present invention, the segmented area may form a layer hierarchy for forming a layer for each type of memo.

[0016] In the second embodiment of the present invention, the division area can constitute a callable address designated for each type of memo.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment of Apparatus) FIG. 3 shows a hardware configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a geographic information draft apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows a screen layout on a display apparatus. FIG.

The apparatus of the present invention is constituted by a portable computer such as a mobile GIS, and a storage device 2 is connected to a CPU (central processing unit) 1 programmed to control the entire system. . In addition, the CPU 1 is capable of monitoring input / output data via an input / output control unit (not shown) and a handwritten memo information by performing free tracing on the screen of the display device 3. The pen device 4 is connected. Although not shown, an input device including various keys and a CDROM drive, an output terminal for outputting stored data to the outside, and the like can be freely provided.

The CPU 1 is operated by a control program from an OS (Operating System) 5 and has an internal memory for storing required data, and realizes data input / output and data update described later. The pen device 4 includes a digitizer (tablet) provided on the display device 3 and handwriting means such as a stylus pen or a button cursor for designating XY coordinates by free-tracing on the digitizer. The OS5 monitors the detection, and the OS5 gives the CPU 1 a coordinate acquisition timing.

The storage device 2 includes a hard disk and an FD
(Flexible disk) or storage means such as an optical disk, and stores a data file 6 for drafting geographic information of the present invention.

When the data file 6 has a single file structure, a record for storing the draft data 7 includes:
And a record for storing memo data 8.
The draft data 7 and the memo data 8 may be stored in different files.

The file storing the draft data 7 is
It has a sectioned area for each type of basic information including various maps and the like, and forms a hierarchy that forms an image layer for each type. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the basic information is classified into a road map and its attached characters, a house diagram and its attached characters, and other diagrams and its attached characters, the road map and its attached characters are The layer A, the house drawing and its attached characters constitute a layer like the layer B, and the other figures and their attached characters constitute a layer like the layer C, and one selected layer can be displayed on the display device 3. It is configured such that a plurality of selected layers or all the layers can be displayed on the display device 3 in an overlapping manner. The storage structure of such draft data 7 is as follows.
Since it is the same as a known mobile GIS, details are omitted.

The file storing the memo data 8 has a section area for each type of handwritten memo information.
The layers that form the layers for each type are configured. For example,
As shown in FIG. 4, when the handwritten memo information is classified into a residence display, a resident display, and other displays, the residence display is layer a, the resident display is layer b, and the others are layer c. , And one selected layer can be displayed on the display device 3, or a plurality of selected layers or all layers can be displayed on the display device 3 in an overlapping manner. It is configured as follows. The storage structure of such memo data 8 is the same as the storage structure of the draft data 7 described above.

(Second Embodiment of Apparatus) FIG. 4 is a hardware configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the geographic information draft apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a screen layout on a display apparatus. FIG.

The second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except for the structure of storing the memo data 8 in the data file 6. Therefore, the common part is the first
The same reference numerals as those in the embodiment will be used to refer to the above description and omit redundant description.

The file storing the memo data 8 has a divided area for each type of handwritten memo information.
The specified address is configured for each type of memo. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, when the handwritten memo information is classified into a residence display, a resident display, and other displays, the residence display is at address a, the resident display is at address b, and the others are at address c. One type of memo information allocated to each address and selected by specifying an address can be displayed on the display device 3, or a plurality of types or all types of memo information selected can be simultaneously displayed on the display device 3. It is configured so that it can be displayed.

(Embodiment of Draft Method of Geographic Information) FIG. 7 shows a work flowchart of an embodiment relating to a method for drafting geographic information using the apparatus of the first or second embodiment.

(Draft work on site) FIG. 7 (A)
The operation when drafting geographic information at a survey site is described, and a portable computer constituting the apparatus is used. Prior to the surveying operation, existing basic information (drawings and the like) is imported into a portable computer (existing basic information acquiring step S1). Such pre-established basic information is, for example, data that has been converted into existing geographic information such as a topographic map or various survey maps.
By taking in the data stored in the OM or the like, the data is read into the data file 6 as draft data 7 by type. Note that this step S1 can be performed in-house before going to the site.

Therefore, at the site, while displaying the existing basic information captured in the step S1 on the display device 3 of the portable computer, based on the new basic information measured by a surveying instrument such as a total station, Addition / deletion correction of information is added to the existing basic information, and the updated draft data 7 is stored in the data file 6 (basic information creation step S2). The newly created basic information is input as CAD format vector data, similarly to the conventional mobile GIS. Draft data 7
Are divided into types such as roads, houses, drainage ditch arrangements, gas pipe arrangements, power line arrangements, etc., and form a layered hierarchical structure that composes layers for each type. The input work is performed while switching the image layers according to the method. When a new survey is performed at a site where existing information does not exist, naturally, FIG.
As shown by the arrow C1 in (A), the above-described step S1 for taking in the existing basic information is not performed, and the basic information creating step S2 is performed from the beginning. In addition, as shown by an arrow C2 in FIG. 7A, a memo information creating step S3 described later may be immediately performed from the existing basic information taking step S1.

At the time of inputting the basic information, the operator inputs necessary memo information by handwriting, similarly to the conventional flat plate surveying (memo information creation step S3). In other words, while the basic information is displayed on the display device 3 of the portable computer, the pen device 4 can be handwritten or traced freely on the screen of the display device 3 to write letters, numbers, and other arbitrary notes. Memo data 8 as vector data is stored in the data file 6
Is accumulated in Such freehand memo information is entered and displayed at the position of the pen device 4 by free tracing on the basic information displayed on the display device 3. The memo information belongs to different types such as the display of the place of residence, the display of the resident, the display of objects such as structures such as gutters and manholes, and the display of numerical values such as distance measurement and angle measurement. Stored in the segmented area. Therefore, the operator performs an input operation while designating the divided area by a key operation, a pen operation, or the like. For example, as in the first embodiment, in the case where the segmented area is configured by a layer hierarchical structure that configures layers by type, an input operation is performed while switching the layer by key operation or pen operation. As in the above-described second embodiment, when the divided areas constitute the addresses specified by type, the input operation is performed while specifying the addresses by key operation, pen operation, or the like. Therefore, during the creation of the handwritten memo information, the basic information created in the existing basic information taking step S1 and / or the basic information creating step S2 and the handwritten memo information created in the memo information creating step S3 are combined. ,
In this case, the basic information and the handwritten memo information can be selectively displayed for each type (display step). Note that the drafting of the geographic information at the site is performed while the basic information creating step S2 and the memo information creating step S3 are repeated in succession, as indicated by an arrow C3 in FIG.

Usually, quick surveying work is required,
During the operation, the operator may be forced to delete or change the previously created handwritten memo information or change the color or other decoration of the displayed characters or numbers. In this case, as described above, the handwritten memo information is constituted by vector data by the pen device 4 instead of raster data by a bitmap, and thus the basic information and the handwritten memo information are displayed on the display device 3 in an overlapping manner. Thus, editing such as deletion or correction of the handwritten memo information can be easily performed (editing step S4). If deletion correction or the like is not required, the editing process S4 may be omitted as shown by an arrow C4 in FIG.

(Finish Draft Work After Returning to Work) A data file 6 including draft data 7 and memo data 8 created by a draft work at the site is stored in the storage device 2 built in or attached to the portable computer. Returned from the site by returning operator.

FIG. 7B illustrates an operation for finishing drafting of geographic information after returning to the office. Draft data 7 of data file 6 stored in storage device 2
The memo data 8 is input to an in-house CAD system via data exchange software (DXF) for common format. At this time, since the memo data 8 is composed of vector data together with the draft data 7 as described above, any data is input to the in-house CAD system.

Basic information (draft data 7) and handwritten memo information (memo data 8) input to the CAD system
Are displayed in an overlapping state on the display device 10 of the CAD system (display step S12). Even in the conventional CAD system, the basic information can be arbitrarily corrected in this state. Therefore, the operator refers to the handwritten memo information on the screen of the display device 10 and, The information is copied and the updated draft data can be stored in the storage device of the CAD system (printing process S13). The basic information and the handwritten memo information that are redundantly displayed on the display device 10 of the CAD system can be selectively displayed according to the type of the required type. You can edit while referring. At this time, the copy of basic information by handwritten memo information can be edited not only by vector data such as line drawings but also by code data such as letters and numbers by word processing software stored in a CAD system. Finish geographic information.

The handwritten memo information that is no longer required after the clear copy process S13 is deleted by deleting part or all of the memo data (memo delete process S14). As described above, since the memo data is composed of vector data, the memo data can be deleted for each vector.
As shown by arrow C5 in (B), the fine copy process S13 and the memo deletion process S14 can be performed while repeating one after another. If it is not necessary to delete the memo data, the operation may be completed by omitting the memo deletion step S14 as indicated by an arrow C6 in FIG. 7B.

The draft data finished by the above-described editing is used as the completed geographic information as CDROM or FROM.
It is stored in a readable recording medium such as D, and is used for various purposes.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a conventionally known flat plate survey.

FIG. 2 shows a comparative example for the present invention, wherein (A)
FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating an apparatus that enables handwritten memo information using a single bitmap, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view illustrating an apparatus that enables handwritten memo information using a plurality of bitmaps.

FIG. 3 is a hardware configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a geographic information draft device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a screen layout on a display device in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a hardware configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the geographic information draft device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a screen layout on a display device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a work flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a geographic information drafting method according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 CPU 2 Storage device 3 Display device 4 Pen device 6 Data file 7 Draft data 8 Memo data

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A basic information creating step of storing draft data constituting basic information including a map or the like represented by CAD format vector data in a file and storing the draft data in a storage device of a portable computer; While free-tracing the pen device on the display device while displaying it on the display device of the portable computer, the handwritten memo information represented by the vector data is created, and the handwritten memo information is classified by memo type. Memo information creating step of storing the memo data in a file and storing the memo data in a storage device of a portable computer; and displaying the created basic information and handwritten memo information on the display device in an overlapping manner. Display process for selectively displaying handwritten memo information, basic information and handwriting The memo information duplicate while viewing the display device, the draft method of geographic information, characterized in that it consists of an editing process to delete or correct the handwritten memo information. 2. After the draft data and memo data stored in the file are input to a CAD system,
In a state where the basic information and the handwritten memo information are overlappedly displayed on the display device of the D system, the basic information is copied based on the handwritten memo information, and the draft data is updated and stored in the storage device of the CAD device. 2. The method for drafting geographic information according to claim 1, comprising: 3. The geographic information drafting method according to claim 2, further comprising a memo deletion step of deleting a part or all of the memo data in the CAD system after the clean-up step. 4. In a portable computer, draft data constituting basic information including a map represented by vector data in CAD format is stored, and memo data constituting handwritten memo information represented by vector data is stored. A file to be stored; a storage device for storing the file; a display device for displaying the basic information and the handwritten memo information in an overlapping manner; and handwritten memo information represented by vector data by free-tracing on the display device. A geographic information draft device, characterized in that the file includes a segmented area for storing memo data in a readable manner for each type of handwritten memo information. 5. The geographic information drafting device according to claim 4, wherein the divided areas form a hierarchy that forms a layer for each type of memo. 6. The geographic information drafting device according to claim 4, wherein the segmented area comprises an address specified for each type of memo.