JP3145522B2 - Solid oxide fuel cell - Google Patents
Solid oxide fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JP3145522B2 JP3145522B2 JP00604893A JP604893A JP3145522B2 JP 3145522 B2 JP3145522 B2 JP 3145522B2 JP 00604893 A JP00604893 A JP 00604893A JP 604893 A JP604893 A JP 604893A JP 3145522 B2 JP3145522 B2 JP 3145522B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- power generation
- fuel cell
- oxygen electrode
- generation layer
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は固体電解質型燃料電池
（ＳＯＦＣ）に関し、特に発電の他，水電解やＣＯ2 電
解等の電解セルにも使用可能なＳＯＦＣに関する。The present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell BACKGROUND OF (SOFC), in particular another power generation, also about available SOFC in water electrolysis and CO 2 electrolytic cell electrolyte or the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図３は、従来のＳＯＦＣの概略図を示す
（実願平２−４８０３１号）。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a conventional SOFC (Japanese Utility Model Application No. 2-48031).
【０００３】図中の符号１は発電層であり、固体電解質
２の両側に酸素電極３と燃料電極４を夫々配置した構成
となっている。前記発電層１の上下には、インタコネク
タ材５の両側に酸素電極層６と燃料電極層７を積層した
積層体８ａ，８ｂが配置されている。前記発電層１の上
側の外側頂部９は上方の積層体８ａと接合し、それによ
り生じた空間で燃料通路10を形成している。一方、前記
発電層１の下側の外側頂部11は下方の積層体８ｂと接合
し、それにより生じた空間で酸化材通路12を形成してい
る。[0005] Reference numeral 1 in the figure denotes a power generation layer, which has a structure in which an oxygen electrode 3 and a fuel electrode 4 are respectively disposed on both sides of a solid electrolyte 2. Above and below the power generation layer 1, laminated bodies 8a and 8b in which an oxygen electrode layer 6 and a fuel electrode layer 7 are laminated on both sides of the interconnector material 5 are arranged. The outer top portion 9 on the upper side of the power generation layer 1 is joined to the upper stacked body 8a, and a fuel passage 10 is formed in a space created thereby. On the other hand, the lower outer top portion 11 on the lower side of the power generation layer 1 is joined to the lower layered body 8b, and an oxidizing material passage 12 is formed in a space created by the upper portion.
【０００４】これは、本願発明でも明らかとしている通
り、それ以前の主流で考えられていた構造に対し、支持
部材等，直接発電に関与しない部材を不要としたこと
で、この分野にあっては実に重要な考案である。[0004] This is because, as is clear from the present invention, a member not directly involved in power generation, such as a support member, is not required in the structure considered in the mainstream before that. This is a very important idea.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、ＳＯＦＣは
発電効率が６０％を越え、エネルギー対策上重要な位置
付けにあるものであるが、製造コスト等の対策が必要と
されている。この点から図３の従来技術は重要なポイン
トを突いたものであるが、発電そのものに直接関与しな
い酸素電極層６と燃料電極層７を必要としていた。The SOFC has a power generation efficiency of over 60% and is positioned as an important energy measure. However, measures such as manufacturing cost are required. From this point, the prior art shown in FIG. 3 is an important point, but requires the oxygen electrode layer 6 and the fuel electrode layer 7 which are not directly involved in the power generation itself.
【０００６】この理由は、発電層１にディンプル構造を
採用した為、発生した電子がディンプル部（窪み部）に
集中し、そのままインタコネクタ材と接合すると、電気
的抵抗が大きくなる為、電子を拡散し電子の横流れをで
きるようにディンプル部に夫々電極材と接するようにし
たためである。The reason for this is that, since the power generation layer 1 employs the dimple structure, the generated electrons concentrate on the dimple portion (hollow portion), and if they are directly joined to the interconnector material, the electrical resistance becomes large. This is because each of the dimples is in contact with the electrode material so as to diffuse and allow the electrons to flow laterally.
【０００７】本発明は上記事情を鑑みてなされたもの
で、夫々の特性を生かし、極力電気抵抗を減らすことを
目的とし、併せ電池としての構成を部材を減じるように
した固体電解質型燃料電池を提供することを目的とす
る。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to reduce the electrical resistance as much as possible by utilizing the characteristics of each of them, and to provide a solid electrolyte fuel cell in which the number of components is reduced as a battery. The purpose is to provide.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、燃料電極，固
体電解質，酸素電極の３層からなる発電層の両面に窪み
部を設け、燃料電極側の前記窪み部の外側の凸部に第１
導電性接着剤を介してインタコネクタ層と電気的接合を
行うと共に、前記凸部に対向して他の発電膜の酸素電極
側の窪み部の外側の凸部を第２導電性接着剤を介して接
合したことを特徴とする固体電解質型燃料電池である。According to the present invention, recesses are provided on both surfaces of a power generation layer composed of three layers of a fuel electrode, a solid electrolyte, and an oxygen electrode, and a projection is provided on a projection outside the recess on the fuel electrode side. 1
An electrical connection is made with the interconnector layer via a conductive adhesive, and a protrusion outside the depression on the oxygen electrode side of another power generation film facing the protrusion is provided via the second conductive adhesive. A solid oxide fuel cell characterized by being joined together.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】ＳＯＦＣは、電解質にセラミックスであるＹＳ
Ｚを用いる為、夫々の電池構成部材の熱膨脹率を一致化
させて、電解質が熱膨脹差によって互いが拘束されてい
ることから来る変形による割れを防ぐよう工夫されてい
る。[Function] SOFC is made of YS which is ceramics as electrolyte.
Since Z is used, the thermal expansion coefficients of the respective battery components are made equal to prevent cracks due to deformation caused by the electrolyte being constrained to each other by the thermal expansion difference.
【００１０】このことから、電解質に合わせた熱膨脹率
の燃料電極・酸素電極・インタコネクタ材が求められ、
材料自信の持つ電気抵抗はある程度無視され用いられ
る。この場合の代表的な材料事例として、本発明者らの
実験の結果から次のように求めた。 インタコネクタ材：ＬａＳｒＣｒＯ3 （厚さ１mm） 水素側：導電率１ｓ／cm、抵抗０．１Ω・cm2 酸素側：導電率３０ｓ／cm、抵抗０．０３Ω・cm2 平均：導電率１０ｓ／cm、抵抗０．０１Ω・cm2 酸素電極材：ＬａＳｒＭｎＯ3 （厚み５０μｍ） 導電率２０ｓ／cm、抵抗２．５×１０-4Ω・cm2 燃料電極材：Ｎｉ／ＹＳＺ（60：40）（厚み５０μｍ） 導電率500 〜1000ｓ／cm、抵抗１×１０-5Ω・cm2 [0010] From this, the thermal expansion coefficient according to the electrolyte
Fuel electrode, oxygen electrode and interconnector material
The electrical resistance of the material itself is ignored to some extent and used.
You. As a typical material example in this case, the present inventors
It was determined as follows from the results of the experiment. Interconnector material: LaSrCrOThree(Thickness 1mm) Hydrogen side: Conductivity 1s / cm, Resistance 0.1Ω · cmTwo Oxygen side: conductivity 30 s / cm, resistance 0.03 Ω · cmTwo Average: conductivity 10 s / cm, resistance 0.01 Ω · cmTwo Oxygen electrode material: LaSrMnOThree(Thickness: 50 μm) Conductivity: 20 s / cm, Resistance: 2.5 × 10-FourΩcmTwo Fuel electrode material: Ni / YSZ (60:40) (thickness: 50 μm) Conductivity: 500 to 1000 s / cm, resistance: 1 × 10-FiveΩcmTwo
【００１１】抵抗はいずれも縦流れ方向であるが、この
ことからも明らかな通り、構造部材として独自に強度を
保有するべき程度の厚みを必要とすることを含めインタ
コネクタ層が圧倒的に電気抵抗が大きく、この電気的流
れを極力短くしてやる必要がある。[0011] All the resistances are in the longitudinal flow direction, and as is clear from this, the interconnector layer is overwhelmingly electric, including the need to have a thickness that should have strength independently as a structural member. The resistance is so large that it is necessary to make this electrical flow as short as possible.
【００１２】また、これらを模式的な電気流れで示す図
４を当てはめてみると、ディンプルのピッチを３mmとし
たとき、電子の横流れは１．５mm、このときインタコネ
クタをＬａＳｒＣｒＯ3 として厚さ２mmのときの燃料電
極（Ｎｉ／ＹＳＺ）と酸素電極（ＬａＳｒＣｒＯ3 ）の
厚みを変えたときのこれら三相全体の抵抗は下記「表
１」の通りである。FIG. 4 showing these in a schematic electric flow shows that when the dimple pitch is 3 mm, the lateral flow of electrons is 1.5 mm, and the interconnector is LaSrCrO 3 and the thickness is 2 mm. When the thickness of the fuel electrode (Ni / YSZ) and the thickness of the oxygen electrode (LaSrCrO 3 ) were changed, the resistances of these three phases were as shown in Table 1 below.
【００１３】[0013]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１４】この表１から明らかのように、燃料電極側
は精々５０μｍの厚みとすればよいが、酸素電極側は電
気抵抗を減じるには厚さに大きく依存している。本発明
では、こうした横流れによる抵抗が生じないので、発電
層の酸素電極とインタコネクタの接続にあっても、比較
的薄い接着材（通常は酸素電極と同材を用いる）を電気
的に結合し得る程度に塗布すればよいことが分かる。As is apparent from Table 1, the thickness of the fuel electrode side should be at most 50 μm, but the thickness of the oxygen electrode side largely depends on the thickness to reduce the electric resistance. In the present invention, since such resistance due to the lateral flow does not occur, even when the oxygen electrode of the power generation layer is connected to the interconnector, a relatively thin adhesive (usually using the same material as the oxygen electrode) is electrically connected. It can be seen that it is sufficient to apply to the extent that it can be obtained.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を図１を参照して説
明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
【００１６】図中の符号21は発電層を示し、固体電解質
22の上下面に燃料電極23と酸素電極24を夫々形成した構
成になっている。前記発電層21の両面には多数のディン
プル（窪み部）25が形成され、そのディンプル25の反対
側は凸部26ａ，26ｂが形成されている。前記発電層21の
燃料電極側の凸部26ａは、前記燃料電極23と共材の接着
剤27を介してインタコネクタ材28に接続されている。一
方、前記発電層21の酸素電極側の凸部26ｂは、前記酸素
電極23と共材の接着剤29を介してインタコネクタ材28が
接続されている。なお、図中の符号30は、発電層21と接
着剤27とインタコネクタ材28で囲まれた領域，つまり燃
料電極23に燃料ガスを供給する燃料通路である。また、
図中の符号31は、発電層21と接着剤29とインタコネクタ
材28で囲まれた領域，つまり酸素電極24に酸素を供給す
る酸化材通路である。Reference numeral 21 in the figure denotes a power generation layer, and a solid electrolyte
A fuel electrode 23 and an oxygen electrode 24 are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the fuel cell 22, respectively. A large number of dimples (dents) 25 are formed on both surfaces of the power generation layer 21, and projections 26 a and 26 b are formed on the opposite side of the dimples 25. The protruding portion 26a on the fuel electrode side of the power generation layer 21 is connected to the interconnector member 28 via an adhesive 27 made of the same material as the fuel electrode 23. On the other hand, an interconnector material 28 is connected to the oxygen electrode 23 convex portion 26b of the power generation layer 21 via an adhesive 29 made of the same material as the oxygen electrode 23. Reference numeral 30 in the drawing denotes a region surrounded by the power generation layer 21, the adhesive 27, and the interconnector material 28, that is, a fuel passage for supplying a fuel gas to the fuel electrode 23. Also,
Reference numeral 31 in the drawing denotes a region surrounded by the power generation layer 21, the adhesive 29, and the interconnector material 28, that is, an oxidant passage for supplying oxygen to the oxygen electrode 24.
【００１７】このように、この実施例に係るＳＯＦＣ
は、固体電解質22の上下面に燃料電極23と酸素電極24を
夫々形成した構成した発電層21を一段置きに構成し、か
つ前記発電層21の燃料電極側の凸部26ａを前記燃料電極
23と共材の接着剤27を介してインタコネクタ材28に接続
するとともに、発電層21の酸素電極側の凸部26ｂを前記
酸素電極23と共材の接着剤29を介してインタコネクタ材
28が接続させた構成になっているため、抵抗の大きなイ
ンタコネクタ材における電子の横流れが生じることを抑
制できる。As described above, the SOFC according to this embodiment
The power generation layer 21 in which the fuel electrode 23 and the oxygen electrode 24 are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the solid electrolyte 22, respectively, is formed every other stage, and the projection 26a on the fuel electrode side of the power generation layer 21 is connected to the fuel electrode.
23 and an interconnector material 28 via an adhesive 27 of the same material, and the convex portion 26b of the power generation layer 21 on the oxygen electrode side is connected to the interconnector material by an adhesive 29 of the same material as the oxygen electrode 23.
Because of the configuration in which the electrodes 28 are connected, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of the lateral flow of electrons in the interconnector material having a large resistance.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上詳述した如く本発明によれば、電気
抵抗を小さくできると共に、酸素電極及び燃料電池の量
を少なくすることができ、発電効率を高めるとともにコ
スト低減をなし得る固体電解質型燃料電池を提供でき
る。As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the electric resistance can be reduced, the amount of the oxygen electrode and the fuel cell can be reduced, the power generation efficiency can be increased, and the cost can be reduced. A fuel cell can be provided.
【図１】本発明の一実施例に係る固体電解質型燃料電池
の説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a solid oxide fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の固体電解質型燃料電池の一構成である発
電層の概略的な斜視図。FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a power generation layer which is one configuration of the solid oxide fuel cell of FIG.
【図３】従来の固体電解質型燃料電池の説明図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional solid oxide fuel cell.
【図４】図３の固体電解質型燃料電池における電子の流
れを示す模式図。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a flow of electrons in the solid oxide fuel cell of FIG.
21…発電層、 22…固体電解質、 23
…燃料電極、24…酸素電極、 25…ディンプル、
26ａ，26ｂ…凸部、27，29…接着剤、
30…燃料通路、 31…酸化剤通路。21: power generation layer, 22: solid electrolyte, 23
... Fuel electrode, 24 ... Oxygen electrode, 25 ... Dimple,
26a, 26b: convex portion, 27, 29: adhesive,
30: fuel passage, 31: oxidant passage.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 宮本 均 兵庫県高砂市荒井町新浜二丁目１番１号 三菱重工業株式会社高砂研究所内 (72)発明者 武信 弘一 兵庫県神戸市兵庫区和田崎町一丁目１番 １号 三菱重工業株式会社神戸造船所内 (56)参考文献 特開 平２−204974（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−8259（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 平２−92666（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H01M 8/00 - 8/24 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hitoshi Miyamoto 2-1-1 Shinhama, Arai-machi, Takasago City, Hyogo Prefecture Inside the Takasago Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Chome 1-1, Kobe Shipyard, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (56) References JP-A-2-204974 (JP, A) JP-A-4-8259 (JP, A) JP-A-2-92666 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) H01M 8/00-8/24
Claims (1)
からなる発電層の両面に窪み部を設け、燃料電極側の前
記窪み部の外側の凸部に第１導電性接着剤を介してイン
タコネクタ層と電気的接合を行うと共に、前記凸部に対
向して他の発電膜の酸素電極側の窪み部の外側の凸部を
第２導電性接着剤を介して接合したことを特徴とする固
体電解質型燃料電池。1. A concave portion is provided on both surfaces of a power generation layer comprising three layers of a fuel electrode, a solid electrolyte, and an oxygen electrode, and a first conductive adhesive is provided on a convex portion outside the concave portion on the fuel electrode side. The electrical connection with the interconnector layer is performed, and the convex portion outside the concave portion on the oxygen electrode side of the other power generation film facing the convex portion is bonded via a second conductive adhesive. Solid electrolyte fuel cell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00604893A JP3145522B2 (en) | 1993-01-18 | 1993-01-18 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00604893A JP3145522B2 (en) | 1993-01-18 | 1993-01-18 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06215778A JPH06215778A (en) | 1994-08-05 |
| JP3145522B2 true JP3145522B2 (en) | 2001-03-12 |
Family
ID=11627738
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00604893A Expired - Lifetime JP3145522B2 (en) | 1993-01-18 | 1993-01-18 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3145522B2 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3064167B2 (en) * | 1993-09-01 | 2000-07-12 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
| JP3486213B2 (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 2004-01-13 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
| US7067208B2 (en) | 2002-02-20 | 2006-06-27 | Ion America Corporation | Load matched power generation system including a solid oxide fuel cell and a heat pump and an optional turbine |
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| US20070141435A1 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-21 | Hasz Wayne C | Fuel cell with a brazed interconnect and method of assembling the same |
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-
1993
- 1993-01-18 JP JP00604893A patent/JP3145522B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8663869B2 (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2014-03-04 | Bloom Energy Corporation | Crack free SOFC electrolyte |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06215778A (en) | 1994-08-05 |
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