JP3131855U - Negative pressure management device for negative pressure work area - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to perform negative pressure management in a negative pressure management area to prevent asbestos and dioxins from being scattered in the removal work of asbestos and dioxins, and to notify the abnormality instantly. A negative pressure management device is provided.
In construction for removing asbestos or dioxins adhering to a wall surface, in order to prevent asbestos or dioxins from being scattered, a section in which the asbestos or dioxins are scattered is surrounded by an airtight sheet material. And a front chamber 2 that leads to the sealed compartment 1 through the entrance / exit 11, and a ventilation device 6 for making the inside of the sealed compartment a negative pressure is provided in the sealed compartment 1. In the negative pressure work area, the differential pressure gauge 3 for measuring the pressure difference inside and outside the sealed compartment 1, the differential pressure monitoring means 4 for constantly monitoring the numerical value measured by the differential pressure gauge, and the differential pressure monitoring means 4 are used for abnormality. And an alarm device 5 that instantly notifies the surroundings of an abnormality when detected.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a negative pressure management device for a negative pressure work area that is applied to prevent asbestos or dioxins from being scattered in construction for removing asbestos or dioxins.

  Asbestos, which has excellent properties such as heat resistance, chemical resistance, and insulation, has been sprayed on building ceilings and wall surfaces as building materials (fireproof materials, heat insulating materials, soundproofing materials). A causal relationship with disease has been pointed out. In other words, asbestos is a natural mineral fiber, such as serpentinite chrysotile and amphibole amosite, and it is a very fine glassy needle-like fiber. It is said to cause asbestosis, lung cancer, and malignant mesothelioma.

  Therefore, the use of sprayed asbestos is now prohibited. However, buildings that use existing asbestos will peak in the future due to reasons such as rebuilding due to their lifetime. In such demolition of a building in which asbestos is used and construction for removing sprayed asbestos, there is a fear that asbestos will easily scatter around.

  On the other hand, dioxins are generated in the incineration process of general waste and industrial waste, and incineration ash containing dioxins adheres inside the incinerator. When dismantling and removing such incineration facilities, it is necessary to remove the incineration ash adhering to the incinerator and treat it as a hazardous substance. In addition, there is a fear that dioxins are easily scattered.

  Conventionally, in order to prevent dust from asbestos and dioxins generated from being scattered outside the work area when dismantling the building, removing interior materials in the building, removing ash in the incinerator, etc. Is enclosed by a blocking material such as a vinyl sheet, and the inside of the sealed compartment is maintained at a negative pressure to prevent dust generated in the construction compartment from being scattered around.

In Patent Document 1, the inside of a building where asbestos is blown is surrounded by a blocking object such as a sheet to form a closed space, and the inside of the closed space is brought into a negative pressure state to prevent the asbestos from being scattered. A peeling recovery method for performing recovery is disclosed.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-279861

  In the method for removing asbestos and dioxins as described above, the negative pressure state is confirmed by performing a differential pressure gauge and a smoke test in the closed section in order to prevent scattering. However, since the measurement method and number of times are not defined, the current measurement is only once a day, and the negative pressure state is reliably maintained, or the negative pressure state collapses There is a problem that it is unclear when it was exposed to positive pressure.

  The present invention was made in view of the above problems, and in the construction of removing asbestos and dioxins, performs negative pressure management in the negative pressure work area to prevent asbestos and dioxins from scattering, An object of the present invention is to provide a negative pressure management device for a negative pressure work area that can instantly notify an abnormality.

Means for solving problems and effects of device

In order to solve the above problems, the negative pressure management device of the negative pressure work area of the present invention,
In the construction to remove asbestos or dioxins attached to the wall surface, in order to prevent the asbestos or dioxins from scattering, the section where the removal work is performed is surrounded by an airtight sheet material, and a sealed section with an entrance / exit When,
A front chamber that leads to a sealed compartment via an entrance and exit,
In the negative pressure work area, which is equipped with a ventilation device for making the inside of the closed compartment negative pressure in the closed compartment,
A differential pressure gauge that measures the pressure difference inside and outside the sealed compartment;
Differential pressure monitoring means for constantly monitoring the numerical value measured by the differential pressure gauge,
When an abnormality is detected by the differential pressure monitoring means, an alarm device that immediately informs the surroundings of the abnormality,
It is provided with.

  According to the negative pressure management device of the negative pressure work area of the present invention, a differential pressure gauge is attached to the boundary between the sealed compartment and the outside of the sealed compartment, and the differential pressure is constantly monitored by the differential pressure monitoring means. In addition, by installing an alarm device at a suitable location outside the sealed compartment, when an abnormality occurs in the negative pressure environment in the negative pressure work area, the abnormality can be immediately notified to construction managers, etc. who are waiting in the vicinity. It becomes possible.

  Further, the differential pressure monitoring means is provided in the differential pressure gauge. According to this configuration, the numerical value measured by the differential pressure gauge is always monitored by the monitoring means, and an alarm can be instantly transmitted when an abnormality is detected according to the monitoring result.

Further, the differential pressure gauge is provided with a wireless transmission unit for transmitting data monitored by the differential pressure monitoring means and an alarm output command,
The alarm device is provided with a wireless receiver that receives the data and the alarm output command. This configuration allows alarm output commands to be transmitted and received wirelessly, and construction managers can monitor the abnormal environment at a certain distance from the sealed compartment where asbestos or dioxins are removed. In addition to preventing situations where people other than removal workers are exposed, measurement and management become easier.

  In addition, a ceramic filter may be attached to the pipe connecting the sealed compartment and the differential pressure gauge in order to prevent clogging of dust generated in the sealed compartment. This prevents malfunction due to clogging of the differential pressure gauge.

  The alarm device can be configured to include an alarm buzzer, an alarm lamp, an alarm panel, or a combination thereof. Thereby, when notifying a construction manager or the like standing by in the vicinity instantly, abnormality can be notified by visual and auditory senses.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an example of a work area where a negative pressure management device for a negative pressure work area according to the present invention is installed. In the work area of the work for removing asbestos or dioxins, a sealed compartment 1 surrounded by an airtight sheet material and a front chamber 2 leading to the sealed compartment are provided. The negative pressure management device 100 of the present invention includes a differential pressure gauge 3 that measures the pressure difference inside and outside the sealed compartment, a differential pressure monitoring means 4 that monitors a numerical value measured by the differential pressure gauge 3, and alarm contents as an alarm output unit. Is provided.

  In order to prevent dust from asbestos or dioxins from scattering and leaking to the outside, the sealed compartment 1 has a room or the entire building including a wall surface part or ceiling part containing asbestos, or incinerated ash containing dioxins. The entire attached incineration facility is surrounded by an airtight sheet material such as a plastic sheet. When enclosing a wide area, a plurality of sheet materials are used, and the seams of each sheet material are tightly joined to prevent internal air leakage. At this time, by laying a sheet material on the ground surface and isolating it from the ground surface, it is possible to prevent the removed dioxins from penetrating or mixing into the ground. The sheet material is not limited to a plastic sheet, and may be a cloth-like material or a wall-like member as long as it has gas impermeability or dust impermeability.

  The sealed compartment 1 is provided with an entrance / exit 11. And the front chamber 2 which leads to the sealed compartment 1 via this doorway 11 is formed. The entrance / exit 11 has fasteners 12 such as fasteners, and can be switched between an open state where the partition wall of the sealed compartment 1 is separated and opened, and a closed state where the partition wall is joined. Thus, an operator can pass in the open state, and the adjacent sealed compartment 1 and the front chamber 2 are blocked in the closed state. The front chamber 2 is provided in order to prevent dust or the like in the sealed compartment 1 from directly scattering from the entrance / exit 11 to the outside.

  The sealed compartment 1 is provided with a ventilator 6 for making the inside of the sealed compartment 1 have a negative pressure. The ventilator 6 is connected to the hermetic compartment 1 by a hose 13, a case 14 connected to the hose 13, a suction fan 15 provided therein, a motor 16 that rotationally drives the suction fan 15, and its And an adjustment operation unit 17 for adjusting the degree of negative pressure by adjusting the rotation speed of the motor 16. The suction fan 15 is rotated by the motor 16 and the air in the sealed compartment 1 is sucked and discharged, so that the inside is maintained at a negative pressure compared to the outside of the sealed compartment. The ventilator 6 is installed at a position where external air taken from the front chamber 2 flows uniformly in the sealed compartment 1 and is exhausted. As a result, external air can flow in, but a negative pressure isolation state in which the internal air does not flow out can be achieved. The ventilation device 6 is provided with a HEPA filter 18 as a dustproof filter, and prevents dust in the sealed compartment 1 from flowing out.

  The differential pressure gauge 3 constituting the negative pressure management device 100 is attached to the boundary between the sealed compartment 1 and the front chamber 2, and as shown in FIG. 2, a pair of communication pipes 31 for taking in the pressure to be measured are provided. Yes. As shown in FIG. 3A, the differential pressure gauge 3 includes a measurement unit 30, a differential pressure monitoring unit 4, and a wireless transmission unit 7, and the wireless transmission unit 7 includes an antenna 71.

  Returning to FIG. 2, one communication pipe 31 a of the communication pipes 31 is connected to the sealed compartment 1 via a pipe 32, and the other communication pipe 31 b is open to the atmosphere. The differential pressure gauge 3 measures the pressure difference between the pressure P1 in the sealed compartment 1 introduced from the pipe 32 and the pressure P2 outside the sealed compartment introduced from the communication pipe 31b opened to the atmosphere by the measuring unit 30. Is. Any type of differential pressure gauge can be selected as the differential pressure gauge 3, and examples thereof include a manometer and a differential pressure gauge using a strain gauge.

  In the sealed compartment 1 where the pressure is measured by the differential pressure gauge 3, dust of asbestos and dioxins is generated, and therefore it is considered that clogging occurs in the differential pressure gauge 3 and the pipe 32 connected to the differential pressure gauge. For this reason, when the ceramic filter 33 is attached in the pipe 32 and used, clogging due to asbestos or dioxin dust can be prevented.

  The differential pressure monitoring means 4 constantly monitors the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure gauge 3, and outputs an alarm output command when the pressure difference between the sealed compartment 1 and the outside of the sealed compartment is less than a predetermined pressure difference. Is transmitted wirelessly by the antenna 71 from the wireless transmission unit 7 and an alarm is generated from the alarm device 5.

  As the alarm device 5, an alarm buzzer, an alarm lamp, and an alarm panel are used, and are installed at appropriate places outside the sealed compartment. As shown in FIG. 3B, the alarm device 5 includes a wireless reception unit 8 and an output unit 50, and the wireless reception unit 8 includes an antenna 81. In the alarm buzzer, the output unit 50 is constituted by a speaker, and an alarm output command from the differential pressure monitoring means 4 is received by the wireless reception unit 8 to notify the surroundings of an abnormal alarm as a buzzer sound. In the alarm lamp, the output unit 50 is configured as a light emitting unit such as an LED, the alarm output command from the differential pressure monitoring means 4 is received by the wireless reception unit 8, and an abnormal alarm is displayed around the alarm lamp as a lighting display. Inform. At this time, it is possible to distinguish and display according to the lighting state. That is, an abnormal alarm can be displayed by switching from a non-lighting state to a lighting state, or by switching the lighting color or lighting pattern to a different one from the normal time. The alarm panel employs a well-known liquid crystal display screen as the output unit 50 to notify an abnormal alarm by screen display. As the display screen, for example, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an organic EL (ElectroLuminescence), or an inorganic EL can be used.

  Next, the usage method of the negative pressure management apparatus 100 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated. First, the entrance 11 is opened through the front chamber 2, and an operator enters the sealed compartment 1. And the ventilation apparatus 6 connected to the sealed compartment 1 is operated, and the inside of the sealed compartment 1 is kept at a negative pressure. At this time, as the value indicated by the differential pressure gauge 3, if the inside of the sealed compartment 1 is kept at a negative pressure so that the inside of the sealed compartment 1 is -2 to -4 Pa compared to the atmospheric pressure outside the sealed compartment, dust of asbestos or dioxins It is effective in preventing the scattering and leakage of water.

  After confirming that the inside of the sealed compartment 1 has been set to a negative pressure, the worker performs an operation of removing asbestos or dioxins. At this time, if the negative pressure environment in the sealed compartment 1 collapses, dust of asbestos or dioxins generated in the sealed compartment 1 may be scattered to the outside. For this reason, the differential pressure monitoring means 4 provided in the differential pressure gauge 3 constantly monitors the numerical value measured by the differential pressure gauge 3, and the value indicated by the differential pressure gauge 3 is compared with the pressure outside the sealed compartment. When the pressure becomes −1 Pa to 0 Pa, the differential pressure monitoring unit 4 detects this and outputs a warning output command from the wireless transmission unit 7 to the warning device 5 wirelessly. When the alarm device 5 receives an alarm output command from the wireless transmission unit 7 of the differential pressure monitoring means 4 at the wireless reception unit 8, the alarm device 5 issues an alarm as an abnormality alarm from the output unit 50 by a buzzer sound, lamp lighting, and screen display method. And immediately notify the administrator who is waiting in the vicinity of the abnormal state.

  As described above, when the negative pressure environment collapses, the alarm device 5 can instantly notify the abnormal state, so that it is possible to take a quick response in the event of an abnormality.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these forms, In the range of the sameness as the invention embodied in these, it can change suitably and can implement.

The external appearance perspective view which shows an example of the work area which installed the negative pressure management apparatus of the negative pressure work area which concerns on this invention. The front view which shows a differential pressure gauge. The schematic block diagram of a differential pressure gauge and an alarm device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sealing compartment 2 Front chamber 3 Differential pressure gauge 4 Differential pressure monitoring means 5 Alarm device 6 Ventilation device 7 Wireless transmission part 8 Wireless reception part 31 Communication pipe 32 Pipe 33 Ceramic filter

Claims (5)

In the construction to remove asbestos or dioxins attached to the wall surface, in order to prevent the asbestos or dioxins from scattering, the section where the removal work is performed is surrounded by an airtight sheet material, and a sealed section with an entrance / exit When,
A front chamber that leads to the sealed compartment via the entrance and exit,
In the negative pressure work area provided with a ventilation device for making the inside of the closed compartment a negative pressure in the sealed compartment,
A differential pressure gauge for measuring a differential pressure inside and outside the sealed compartment;
Differential pressure monitoring means for constantly monitoring the numerical value measured by the differential pressure gauge;
When an abnormality is detected by the differential pressure monitoring means, an alarm device that immediately informs the surroundings of the abnormality,
A negative pressure management device for a negative pressure work area.   The negative pressure management device for a negative pressure work area according to claim 1, wherein the differential pressure monitoring means is provided in the differential pressure gauge. The differential pressure gauge is provided with a wireless transmission unit for transmitting data monitored by the differential pressure monitoring means and an alarm output command,
The negative pressure management device for a negative pressure work area according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the alarm device is provided with a wireless receiver for receiving data and an alarm output command.   4. The ceramic filter is attached to the pipe connecting the sealed compartment and the differential pressure gauge in order to prevent clogging of dust generated in the sealed compartment. The negative pressure management device for the negative pressure work area according to item 1.   The negative pressure management device for a negative pressure work area according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the alarm device comprises an alarm buzzer, an alarm lamp, an alarm panel, or a combination thereof.

Images