JP3114299B2 - Digital recorder - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a digital recorder capable of digitally recording, reproducing, and editing an audio signal.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of recording (recording), reproducing, and editing an audio signal, an analog audio signal is magnetically recorded on a magnetic tape, and then reproduced and edited. However, such a conventional technique employs analog recording and reproduction, so that deterioration of sound quality cannot be avoided. Particularly, the dubbing of a once-recorded audio signal causes significant deterioration.

[0003] Further, since a magnetic tape is used as a recording medium, it takes a long time to reach a target editing point, the recording portion of the magnetic tape is physically cut and pasted, and the editing portion is used for other purposes. There is also a problem that editing work cannot be performed unless the file is copied once to the location.

[0004] Although the problem of sound quality deterioration can be dealt with by digitizing a recording method on a magnetic tape,
Disadvantages relating to the degree of freedom in cueing and editing caused by using a sequential-access recording medium cannot be eliminated by mere digitization.

Therefore, in recent years, it has been proposed to solve the conventional problems by performing disk recording using a Winchester-type hard disk as a recording medium (for example, JAS Journal '89 April, p. 16). To page 22 "Digital Audio
Trends in Workstations (DAW)-From AES Japan Chapter January Meetings-). Furthermore, the present applicant has also disclosed an invention disclosing disc recording in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-1237.
No. 88 (filed on May 14, 1990), Japanese Patent Application No. 3-655
No. 22 (filed on March 6, 1991).

[0006]

In the conventional apparatus, when the audio data edited in this way is played in synchronization with an external apparatus, for example, the SMPT is used.
Precision synchronization was realized using an absolute time code such as E. Therefore, there has been a problem that not only the configuration becomes complicated, but also it is difficult to easily perform reproduction in synchronization with a tempo specified from the outside, for example.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to enable reproduction to be performed in synchronization with or following a tempo designated simply from the outside.

[0008]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
Reproduces the data recorded on the recording medium and
Output as playback data in synchronization with the output clock
A reproduction means for measuring a tempo of the reproduction data.
And the playback tempo measurement means.
Tempo of the playback data and the specified tempo
The frequency of the output clock according to the time difference
Clock control means for variably controlling each time .

According to the second aspect of the present invention, given readout
Reads data recorded on a recording medium according to the address.
Playback means for outputting the data as playback data,
Playback tempo measurement for measuring the playback tempo of the playback data
Means, and the playback time measured by the playback tempo measurement means.
Between the tempo of the raw data and the specified tempo
Depending on the time difference, the read address given to the reproducing means
Reproduction control means for controlling the stepping form.
And

[0010]

[0011]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the reproducing means is a recording medium.
Playback the data recorded on the
When outputting as playback data in synchronization with
The playback measured by the playback tempo measurement means by the control means.
At the tempo of the data and the specified tempo input from outside
Variable the frequency of the output clock for each beat according to the difference
Control, so it has a simple
Playback synchronized to the specified tempo
In this case, the playback data is picked according to the specified tempo.
Change. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the measured
Tempo of the playback data and the specified tempo
The frequency of the output clock is changed for each beat according to the time difference
Variable control means that the tempo
As a result, synchronized playback can be performed
Can always be minimized. According to the second aspect of the present invention,
Means recording on recording medium according to given read address
Read out the data that is
At the time of output, the playback control means
The tempo of the playback data measured
Given to the reproducing means according to the time difference from the designated tempo.
Since the stepping form of the read address is controlled,
Without changing the pitch of the
Realizes playback synchronized with the specified tempo input from outside
It becomes possible.

[0012]

[0013]

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the digital recorder according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<Overall Configuration> FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of an embodiment of a digital recorder according to the present invention. In this embodiment, recording and playback operations for up to three tracks can be performed simultaneously. . The whole is CP as shown
It is divided into a U section (left part in the figure) and a DMA unit (audio recording / reproducing processing device) (right part in the figure).

The CPU section includes a CPU 1, a program ROM 2 for storing a program for defining the operation of the CPU 1 (details will be described later), an area for storing various data,
An area for storing a disk access pointer of a track, identification information (event name) of each separated audio data (event) when audio data stored in the hard disks 12a and 12b are manually or automatically divided into a plurality of pieces, and Event table (ET) including storage locations (disk ID, head data address, event length)
, An area for storing an event sequence table (EST) in which the identification information of the events included in the event table are arranged in the order of event reproduction for each track, and a RAM 3 including a work area.
And a keyboard 4 including various function keys and data input keys, which are peripheral devices connected to the I / O port of the CPU 1, a display device 5 including a CRT or LCD and its driver and performing various displays.

Further, the CPU section counts an external beat counter 24 (measured by an output of the system clock generating circuit 21) to measure an absolute time difference between a tempo (beat) signal input from the outside and an internal tempo signal. 2
3, the arrival time difference between the one-beat count output and the external tempo signal is measured with a sign described later), and the system clock output from the system clock generation circuit 21 is counted.
Internal beat counter 23 for detecting tempo of reproduced data
And a clock servo control circuit 22 that controls the system clock generation circuit 21 according to the absolute time difference between the internal tempo and the external tempo, and controls the frequency of the generated system clock.

As will be described later, during real-time operation (recording / reproduction, etc.), the CPU 1 sets the address buses and data buses of the DMA unit to D when necessary.
The components of the MA unit are controlled, and during editing, rearrangement of data blocks, manipulation of a disk access pointer, and the like are performed. Recording / recording of each track (hereinafter referred to as Tr) is performed from the keyboard 4 as described later.
You can set playback mode, start, stop, locate, and specify edit points. Program ROM2, R
The address terminal of AM3 is connected to CP via an address bus.
An address signal is sent from U1, and its output terminal is connected to CPU 1 or transceiver 7 via a data bus.

That is, in order to connect the CPU unit and the DMA unit, the buffer 6 and the transceiver 7
It is provided in the unit. The buffer 6 is connected to the CPU 1 via an address bus, and further connected to an address bus in the DMA unit. The transceiver 7 is a CPU
1 and a data bus, and further connected to a data bus in the DMA unit.

In the DMA unit, an audio input / output device 8-1 for Tr1 and an audio input / output device 8- for Tr2 are provided.
2. An audio input / output device 8-3 for Tr3 is provided, and analog audio signals can be input and output independently of each other.

Each of the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3 includes a converter for selectively performing A / D conversion and D / A conversion, as well as a low-pass filter for removing sampling noise. Have been. These audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-1
In step 8-3, if the track is set to a record state, an external analog audio signal is appropriately filtered for each sampling period, and then A / D converted to obtain digital audio data. Conversely, if the track is set to the play (reproducing) state, the digital audio data that has been read in advance is D / A-converted at each sampling period, filtered as appropriate, and output as an analog audio signal. The audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3 include:
A required clock is supplied from the system clock generation circuit 21.

Each audio input / output device 8-1 of Tr1 to Tr3
8-3 correspond to the corresponding buffers 9- via the data bus.
1 (BUF1), a buffer 9-2 (BUF2), and a buffer 9-3 (BUF3), respectively, for exchanging digital audio data.

The buffers 9-1 to 9-3 are Tr1 to T
r3, respectively, and the voice input / output devices 8-1 to 8-
3 is controlled by the control means, ie, D
Direct memory access (DM
A) The method is performed.

Each of the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3 includes:
At the time of recording, the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3 are transmitted to the DMA controller 10 at a sampling period.
Transfer (single transfer) of digital data related to one sampling in the direction from the buffer to the buffers 9-1 to 9-3
Request (request) and send a DRQ signal (Tr1
DRQ1, DRQ2 for Tr2, DRQ for Tr3
3) to the DMA controller 10)), D
Answer from MA controller 10 (Acknowledge is
Tr1 receives DAK1, Tr2 receives DAK2, and Tr3 receives DAK3 as DAK3), and the actual data transfer is executed. At the time of play, a request for DMA transfer (single transfer) of digital data relating to one sampling from the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 in the direction of the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3 in the sampling cycle is issued when audio input Data is transferred from the output devices 8-1 to 8-3 by the DMA controller 10 in the same manner as described above.

Each of the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 has a capacity capable of storing digital audio data once or a plurality of times. For example, the RAM is divided into three parts Tr1 to Tr3, and each of them is divided into ring buffers (last address and first address). Is used as a buffer that is virtually connected to the
It is configured to function as an O buffer.

The addresses for the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 are specified by the DMA controller 10 or the like via an address bus. That is, when the DMA transfer is performed, the DMA controller 10 occupies the address bus, the data bus, and the control signal line in the DMA unit.

The buffers 9-1 to 9-3 are connected via a data bus to a hard disk controller (hereinafter H).
Data is exchanged with the hard disks 12a and 12b under the control of the D controller 11. The hard disks 12a and 12b and the HD controller 11 are connected via a data bus and a control signal line, and all the read / write accesses to the hard disks 12a and 12b are performed by the HD controller 11. The hard disks 12a and 12b have storage areas divided into three tracks of Tr1 to Tr3, and data transfer with the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 is performed by the DMA controller 1.
Done by 0. This means that the HD controller 11
When one data block has been transferred, an interrupt (INT) is issued to the CPU 1 and a transfer instruction for the next data block is sent to the CP1.
This is done by performing on U1. CPU1 is HD
When an interrupt signal INT arrives from the controller 11, the DMA controller 10, the HD controller 11
Is set to a desired state or programmed, and then a DMA transfer is performed. Details of this operation will be described later.

At the time of playing, the DMA controller 10 reads out digital audio data of a predetermined amount (for a plurality of sampling periods) from the hard disks 12a and 12b, and then specifies one of the buffers 9-1 to 9-3. DMA transfer (block transfer) is performed to a buffer to be read, and at the time of recording, digital audio data of a predetermined amount (for a plurality of sampling cycles) is read from a specified buffer and read from the hard disk 12a, 1
An operation is performed to perform a DMA transfer (block transfer) to the designated position of 2b.

When data is transferred between the hard disks 12a and 12b and the buffers 9-1 to 9-3, a request signal DREQ is output from the HD controller 11 to the DMA controller 10 (the DRQ 4 is set as the DRQ 4 on the DMA controller 10 side). Receiving the answer signal DACK when the transfer becomes possible (the DMA controller 10 receives D)
AK4), and the actual transfer state is set.

As described above, the DMA controller 10
3 channels between audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3 of Tr1 to Tr3 and buffers 9-1 to 9-3 (C to be described later)
H1 to CH3), and any one of the sequentially selected buffers 9-1 to 9-3 and the hard disk 12
A time-division data transfer operation of a total of four channels including data transfer of one channel (CH4 to be described later) between a and 12b.

The CPU 1 supplies an address signal to the buffer 6 via an address bus and manages a designation signal of each component to the decoder 13 via the buffer 6 in order to manage the function and operation of each component in the DMA unit. Supply,
Each of the designation signals CS is transmitted to each of the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-
3, buffers 9-1 to 9-3, DMA controller 1
0, given to the HD controller 11. At the same time, various data are exchanged with the CPU 1 via the transceiver 7 and the data bus.

Further, each of the voice input / output devices 8-
A designation signal WR for designating a record state (write state) or a play state (read state) is supplied to the IOWR terminals 1 to 8-3 via the buffer 6.

Each of the buffers 9-1 to 9-3, DMA
The designation signal (write signal) WR and another designation signal (read signal) RD are also supplied from the CPU 1 to the controller 10 and the HD controller 11 via the buffer 6 to read data from the respective constituent elements. Conversely, data is written. The DMA controller 10 also outputs these designation signals RD and WR in the DMA transfer state. The relationship between these signals and the function and operation of each component will be described later.

The DMA controller 10 sets the DMA enable (enabling) signal DMAENB to "1" and outputs it when the DMA transfer is being performed between the constituent elements. As a result, the output of the AND gate 14 to which the signal DMAENB is applied via the inverter 16 becomes “0”,
The enabling signal E is supplied to the buffer 6 and the transceiver 7.
Is given as "0", so that data and addresses cannot be transferred between the CPU unit and the DMA unit. At this time, if a "1" signal is given to the AND gate 15 from the decoder 13, the output of the AND gate 15 becomes "1" and the wait signal WAIT is supplied to the CPU 1.

That is, when the CPU 1 supplies a predetermined signal to the decoder 13 in order to open the buffer 6 and the transceiver 7 in order to manage the DMA unit, that is, the decoder 13 outputs “1” to one input terminal of the AND gate 14. 1 ”signal is supplied (the CPU 1
-1 to 9-3, the DMA controller 10, the HD controller 11, and the address signal for accessing any of the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3, the output of the decoder 13 becomes active and the AND gate 14 , 1
5 is "1" at each input terminal.)
When the transfer is started, a wait (WAIT) is applied to the CPU 1, and after the DMA transfer is preferentially executed, the operation of the CPU 1 is restarted with the release of the wait.

Conversely, the DMA controller 10
When executing the DMA transfer, the CPU 1
Even if an attempt is made to access MA controller 10, wait signal WAIT is applied from AND gate 15 and CP
The execution cycle of U1 is extended halfway, and the buffer 6 and the transceiver 7 are closed during that time.

After all, the CPU 1 can access each component of the DMA unit because: CPU 1 issues an address for accessing each component of the DMA unit. 2. The signal DMAENB is inactive ("0"), that is, the data bus of the DMA unit is free. Is satisfied when the two conditions are satisfied, but as described above, the CPU 1
Processing can be advanced without considering whether to access the A unit.

When the CPU 1 wants to immediately change the operation state of the DMA unit in response to a key input or a trigger of control data, the CPU 1 is not limited to the DMA controller 10 regardless of the state of the DMA controller 10. A command DMAEND for interrupting the DMA transfer can be output (this is given to the DMA controller 10 as an END signal).

<Main Configuration of DMA Controller 10> Next, an example of the configuration of the DMA controller 10 will be described. D
The MA controller 10 has a transfer capability in which one bus cycle is several hundred nanoseconds. Therefore, the time for transferring the sampling data for three tracks is 1 to 2 microseconds.

When the sampling frequency fs is 48 KHz, the interval of one sampling time is about 21 microseconds, and most of the sampling time interval is between the buffers 9-1 to 9-3, the HD controller 11, and the hard disks 12a and 12b. It is possible to allocate the data transfer between the CPU 1 and the programming time of each component from the CPU 1.

FIG. 2 shows the main configuration of the specific example. The DMA controller 10 has an input (IN) address buffer 1 connected to an address bus.
01 and an output side (OUT) address buffer 102. The contents specified by the register selector 103 change according to the address signal given to the input-side address buffer 101, and a desired register or transfer counter existing in the address register 104 and the control register 105 is specified.

The address register 104 and the control register 105 have areas of four channels CH1 to CH4.
-1 to 9-3 and a register for performing DMA transfer between the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3.
H4 is a register for performing DMA transfer between the designated one of the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 and the hard disks 12a and 12b.

The registers of the channels CH1 to CH4 in the address register 104 correspond to the corresponding buffers 9-1.
9-3 and an area for storing at least the current address and the start address of the designated buffer. The register of CH4 is further provided with a transfer counter, and the number of data set in this counter is DM.
When the A transfer is performed, even if the DMA request from the HD controller 11 continues, the DMA transfer is performed until a new counter is set.
The operation is stopped (according to 7-8 in FIG. 7 described later). Each of the channels CH1 to CH1 of the control register 105
In the area of CH4, for example, control data designating the direction of DMA transfer is stored.

The contents of the address register 104 and the control register 105 can be input / output to / from a data bus via a data buffer 106. These components are controlled by the timing control logic 107, the service controller 108, and the channel selector 109.

The service controller 108 has a hardware logic or microprogram control structure, and receives signals from the timing control logic 107, audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3, and DMA request signals DRQ1 to DRQ1 from the HD controller 11. DRQ4, CP
Upon receipt of a DMA interruption command END (DMAEND) from U1, answer (acknowledge) signals DAK1 to DAK4 for the above-described components and a DM indicating that DMA transfer is in progress.
In addition to outputting the A enable (enabling) signal DMAENB, it also issues various commands to the timing control logic 107 and outputs a channel select signal to the channel selector 109. The channel selector 109 includes channels CH1 to CH4 in the address register 104 and the control register 105.
Select the register corresponding to.

Timing control logic 107
Receives the designation signal CS from the decoder 13, the control signal from the control register 105, and the control signal from the service controller 108, controls the input / output of the address buffer 102 and the data buffer 106, and operates the address incrementer 110. Then, the current address register of the specified channel in the address register 104 is incremented, and when the last address of the buffer assigned to the channel is reached, the current address register is reset to the start address of the buffer assigned to the channel. .

<Overall Operation of CPU 1> The operation of this embodiment will be described below. Flow charts showing the operation of the CPU 1 are shown in FIGS. This is the program (software) stored in the program ROM 2
FIG. 3 shows a main routine, and FIG.
4 shows an interrupt routine that is executed in response to an interrupt signal INT from the D controller 11. FIG. 5 shows the step (4-2) of a part of the interrupt routine shown in FIG. 4 in more detail.

First, in FIG. 3, the CPU 1 starts a main routine in response to power-on, and proceeds to step 3-
Various initial states are set at 0 (hereinafter simply referred to as 3-0). Then, a key input is received in 3-1.
In -2, it is determined what mode has been set.

When the CPU 1 judges that the current mode is the play / record mode, the process proceeds from 3-2 to 3-3 to sequentially select and designate three tracks, and further proceeds to 3-4 to change the operation mode of each track to the keyboard 4 Via the buffer 6 and the decoder 13 at 3-5, which of the A / D conversion and the D / A conversion is performed by each of the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3 in 3-5. The IOWR is set while sequentially transmitting the designation signal CS. Now, for example, Tr1 is in a play state (accordingly, a D / A conversion operation state), and Tr2 and Tr3 are each in a record state (accordingly, an A / D conversion operation state). FIG.
FIG. 3 shows a conceptual diagram of a schematic operation when such a mode is set.

Then, in 3-5, the buffer 9-
The addresses 1 to 9-3 are initialized. That is, the channels CH1 to CH1 are controlled by the address buffer 101, the register selector 103, and the channel selector 109 in FIG.
Initial setting data is input and set via the data buffer 106 while designating each register (the address register 104 and the control register 105) of CH3.

Here, the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 are cyclically used as ring buffers. Initially, the start addresses of the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 correspond to the current addresses. The addresses are set so as to match (in FIG. 13, the start addresses and the current addresses of the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 are CH1 to CH3).
3 schematically shows the state stored and controlled in the address register 104).

Subsequently, the CPU 1 executes the processing of 3-6,
Each track Tr1 to Tr of the hard disks 12a and 12b existing in a work (work) memory area in the RAM 3
The disk access pointer corresponding to No. 3 is initialized (FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the storage areas of the hard disks 12a and 12b and the disk access pointer).

Next, the CPU 1 controls each audio input / output device 8-1.
The A / D conversion operation or D / A conversion operation of 8-3 is started (3-7). Subsequently, in 3-8, a software interrupt is issued, and the HD controller 11 sends a program request for data transfer between the hard disks 12a, 12b and any of the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 (the HD controller 11 sends a request to the CPU 1). In this case, the same processing as when the interrupt INT is performed (described later) is performed.

Specifically, the operation according to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is executed in 3-8.
Before starting the description of the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the configuration of each table stored in the RAM 3 of FIG. 1 will be described. The RAM 3 of FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 17, an event table (referred to as ET) and an event sequence table (referred to as EST) for controlling the reproduction schedule are defined, and a memory area for the current data as the intermediate data thereof is taken. I have.

FIG. 14 shows an example of registration of the above-mentioned event table. The event data stored in this table includes an event name (name), a disk ID (id) (the hard disks 12a (00) and 12b
(01)), the head data address (sample (word) data address) (adrs),
And an event length (the number of sample data) (vol). In the event table shown in FIG. 14, the original recording data "1" to "4" are automatically created by securing an area during recording.

FIG. 15 shows an example of the EST of the original recording data. An EST index (ESTindex) from “0” to “2” is set in the horizontal direction.
Each track number is arranged in the vertical direction, and an event number is stored corresponding to each track number. In FIG. 15, for example, the data (2 and 3) of track 2 shows a state in which the data is recorded over disks “00” and “01”, and the event number “0” indicates the end of the sequence element. Things.

FIG. 16 shows an example of the EST of the edited work 1 in which events are defined by the user himself and arranged on tracks to be output. As in FIG. 15, "0" to "8" are displayed in the horizontal direction. The EST index of "" is arranged in the track direction in the vertical direction, and an event number is stored corresponding to each track number. Therefore, as described above, there can be a plurality of ESTs corresponding to the edited works.

FIG. 17 shows the current data when the DMA transfer is actually performed. The index number of the EST to be transferred next for each track and the amount of the event transferred are shown. The indicated transfer amount is stored.

The operation of the CPU 1 when reproducing a user-defined event sequence as shown in FIG. 16 will be described below with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. Now, the head of the event is the hard disk 12
It is assumed that a position is specified at an odd position less than the sector length of a and 12b, and is read to the buffer next. Here, regarding Tr1, hard disk 1
Buffering the digital signal data from 2a and 12b 9-1
In order to perform the DMA transfer, the channel CH1 corresponding to Tr1 is determined as the channel of the DMA controller 10 (4-1).

Subsequently, the step 4-2 for obtaining the disk ID, word address and transfer address from the track number and the free space (transferable capacity) of the channel buffer is executed. FIG. 5 shows the flow of the step 4-2 in more detail. It is assumed that the free space of the buffer has been calculated by rounding down in sectors.

That is, in step 5-1, an EST index (= 3) is obtained from the corresponding track current data, and an event number (= 20) is obtained. Then, in step 5-2, the ID (= 01) of the event is obtained from the event table shown in FIG.
Next, in 5-3, a word address is calculated in accordance with the equation of "head address of the event + transfer amount of current data = word address". The start address of the event is obtained from the event table shown in FIG.
The already transferred amount of the current data is obtained from the current data shown in FIG.

Then, in step 5-4, the CPU 1 obtains an offset (word) from the word address (disk address indicating a sector (1 sector = 100h)). Next, in 5-5, the untransferred amount is calculated in accordance with the formula of “event capacity−transferred amount = untransferred amount”. The capacity of the event is represented by vo of the event table in FIG.
1 and the transferred amount is obtained from the current data in FIG. Here, in 5-6, it is determined whether or not “free space> untransferred amount”. NO at 5-6
When the judgment is made that the end of the event has not been reached, the calculation of “the transferred amount of the current data + the free space−the offset = the transferred amount” is performed in 5-7, and 5-8.
It is assumed that “the number of transfer words = the free space−the offset”. In the second and subsequent transfers, the free space is rounded down to the size of a sector unit, so that the data transfer is performed in sector units as described later. Step 5-
If the judgment is YES in 6, since the end of the event has been reached, the processing of “the index of the EST of the current data is +1 and the amount of transferred data = 0” is performed in 5-9, and the processing is performed in 5-10 that “the number of transferred words = Untransferred amount ”.

Returning to FIG. 4, in 4-3, the word address is converted into the disk address and the offset, and the number of transfer sectors is obtained from the number of transfer words. In determining the number of transfer sectors, data smaller than a sector cannot be transferred (transfer is performed on a sector basis), and is therefore truncated on a sector basis. Further, in 4-4, the HD controller 11 is programmed according to the disk address, the number of transfer sectors, and the track mode. Further, the transfer direction of CH4 (at the time of recording, buffer 9-1)
From 9-3 to the directions of the hard disks 12a and 12b,
During playback, the opposite direction is programmed. Where 4
At -5, it is judged whether or not "offset = 0". If the judgment is NO, the start position of the event is in a sector containing odd data. If there is such a odd part, at 4-6 and 4-7, the start address of CH4 of the address register 104 in the DMA controller 10 is set to an image (not actually present) area, and the transfer counter is offset. Set a value and perform dummy transfer.

If it is determined in 4-7 that the dummy transfer has been completed, or if a judgment of YES is made in 4-5, the steps other than the head dummy transfer are performed in steps 4-8 to 4-10. The transfer setting of the area is performed. That is, at 4-8, the C of the address register 104 is
H (in this case, CH1) start address is CH4
To the start address of Then, in 4-9, the value of the transfer counter is set to the value of "number of sectors × sector length-offset value". Further, in step 4-10, the start address of the CH is updated based on the number of transfer words.
Then, the process returns to the main routine (FIG. 3). In this way, the next access address matches the sector boundary.

In step 4-6 in FIG. 4, dummy transfer is performed to an image area (an address area that does not actually exist). This has the same effect even if the data is transferred not to the image area but to an area other than the unvoiced data in the buffer, but in this case, the start address is set every time the D
It must be obtained from the register 104 of the MA controller 10. However, in the case of an image area, the start address is set to a fixed value indicating the start of the image area, and only the transfer counter of the address register 104 needs to be programmed.

On the contrary, the invalid data at the end of the event is
There is no need to perform processing for transferring data to the image area, and there is no problem because the start address can be updated from the number of words to be transferred to a position that does not include invalid data. In 5-10, the untransferred amount is the number of words to be transferred. As a result, the invalid data portion is dummy-transferred.

Next, return to FIG. As will be apparent from the following description, once the first interrupt routine (FIG. 4) is activated and the HD controller 11 is operated once, the HD controller 11 sends the data block designated by the CPU 1 every time the transfer is completed. An interrupt is made (IN
Since the T signal is supplied to the CPU 1, the CPU 1 only determines whether the recording / reproducing operation has ended, whether a key input has been made, or a trigger instructed in the control data has been applied.

That is, the CPU 1 refers to the disk access pointer (RAM3) in 3-9 and judges whether or not the memory area is over, that is, whether or not to end (3-10). Output device 8-
Stop A / D conversion and D / A conversion operation of 1-8-3 (3-
11) Then return to 3-1. In the case of NO, the key input state is referred to (3-12). If there is no change, the process returns to the step 3-9 to check the disk access pointer, and the following steps 3-9 to 3-13 are repeated.

If there is any change in 3-13, the process proceeds from 3-13 to 3-14, where the CPU 1
In order to temporarily suspend the A transfer and make a new setting, a DMA stop command (DMAEN
D) is output. Then, according to new input instructions, etc.,
DMA controller 10, audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-
3 (3-15), proceed to 3-16 to restart the DMA operation again, execute the interrupt routine of FIG. 4 similarly to 3-8 described above, and then return to 3-9.

As described above, at the time of play / recording, the CPU 1 makes the initial settings of 3-4 to 3-8, and then sets 3-9, 3-10, 3-12, 3-13 and 3-3. -1
4 to 3-16 are repeatedly executed, and a change instruction using the keyboard 4 (for example, pause (A / D,
D / A interruption) or punch in / out (A / D,
In response to a change in the control data obtained at the time of editing, the DMA transfer control is immediately interrupted, the program is changed, and the same processing is executed again. Operate.

In the step 3-2, when the CPU 1 determines that the CPU 1 is in the event processing mode at present, the steps 3-2 to 3-17 are executed.
The audio data stored in the hard disk 12 (12a, 12b) is converted into an event. Eventing refers to an event name, a disc ID, and a divided section for identifying continuous audio data (event) by dividing continuous audio data on a time axis into a plurality of pieces by a manual designation operation or the like. It means creating data (start point and its length (volume)).
An event table (FIG. 14) is created in 3-18 corresponding to the event conversion. An event name, a disk ID, a start point, and a volume are registered in the event table (ET). Disk ID,
The start point and volume correspond to the start address and event length of the hard disk 12 where the event is stored.

Next, in 3-19, an event sequence table EST (FIG. 16) is created based on the event table. This event processing 3-17 to 3-
19 is repeated, but when the end of the creation of the EST is detected in 3-20 by the instruction of the operator, C
PU1 checks the key input again at 3-1.

In 3-2, if the CPU 1 determines that the current mode is the edit (EDIT) mode, the CPU 3 sets the status in 3-2 to 3
Go to -21 to edit the track or point, and what kind of editing (for example, shift the timing of the sound recorded at the specified point for a certain time,
The CPU 1 determines that the data is to be deleted, and executes various editing operations (3-22). Although this editing work is not described in detail, a program of an access point for reading from the hard disks 12a and 12b to the HD controller 11 and the DMA controller 10, transfer to the RAM 3, various kinds of editing using the RAM 3, and after editing The operation of restoring the digital audio data to the hard disks 12a and 12b, specifying the access point, and the like are performed by the CPU 1.
Run under the control of When the end of the editing operation is detected in 3-23, the CPU 1 checks the key input again in 3-1.

<Operation of Audio Input / Output Devices 8-1 to 8-3>
Next, an operation state of the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3 will be described with reference to FIG. This flowchart may be based on microprogram control or hard logic control, and various means for implementing functions can be selected.

In the step 6-1 it is judged whether or not the designation signal CS of the voice input / output device has arrived from the CPU 1 (it is active).
In -2, the operation state (record, play, stop, etc.) is set by the CPU 1. This is the CPU 1 in FIG.
In response to 3-5 and 3-15 in the main routine.

Then, if a determination of NO is made in 6-1, in 6-3, the voice input / output devices 8-1 to 8-8 are set.
It is determined whether -3 is a record state or a play state.
6-9, and if it is determined that the player is in the play state,
The process proceeds to 10-6-15.

First, the operation of the audio input / output devices set in the record state (the audio input / output devices 8-2 and 8-3 in this case) will be described. In 6-4, it is determined whether or not the sampling time has come, and this 6-4 is repeated until the sampling time comes. The determination of the sampling time may be performed by using a hard timer in each of the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3 and outputting the same, or a common hard timer may be provided and each audio input / output device may operate in accordance with the output. It may be operated. As will be understood from the following description, each of the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-
It is also possible to make the sampling frequencies of 3 different.

When the determination of YES is made in 6-4, the applied analog audio signal is sampled and held (S / H) and A / D converted. Then, 6
-6, the DMA controller 10
Activate and output the transfer request DRQ.

The DMA controller 10 receives the request signal DRQ and outputs an answer signal DAK for performing the DMA transfer. Therefore, the audio input / output devices 8-1
8-3 (the voice input / output device 8-2 or 8-3 in the record state in this case) proceeds to 6-8 when the judgment of 6-7 is YES, and proceeds to A / D conversion to obtain the digital The audio data is output to the data bus, and the corresponding buffers 9-1 to 9-1 are output.
9-3 (in this case, the buffer 9-2 or 9-3). Then, at 6-9, the DMA transfer request DRQ is made inactive. Therefore, in this case, in the audio input / output devices 8-2 and 8-3, each sampling period
The analog audio signal supplied from the outside is converted into a digital audio signal, and is transferred to the current addresses of the buffers 9-2 and 9-3 specified by the DMA controller 10 as described later (see FIG. 13).

If it is determined in step 6-3 that the player is in the play state, the flow advances to step 6-10 to activate the DMA transfer request DRQ to the DMA controller 10 and wait for the response signal DAK from the DMA controller 10 (6). −
11), fetch digital voice data on the data bus (6-12), and inactivate the request DRQ (6-13). The operation of the DMA controller 10 at this time will be described later, but in this case, as shown in FIG.
The contents of the current address of the buffer 9-1 corresponding to r1 (the contents of the Tr1 area of the hard disk 12 have already been transferred and recorded) are input and set to the audio input / output device 8-1 by the above operation. Will be. And
It is determined whether or not the sampling time has come (6-1).
4). The detection of the arrival of the sampling time is the same as that described in 6-4.

If the answer is YES in 6-14, 6-1
Proceed to 5 to execute D / A conversion and low-pass filtering, and then output an analog audio signal to the outside.

The operation at one sampling time in the case of the record state and the case of the play state has been described above. However, the processing returns to 6-1 after the completion of each processing of 6-9 and 6-15, and so on. And processing for the sampling time.

<Operation of DMA Controller 10> Next,
The operation of the DMA controller 10 will be described with reference to FIG. The flowchart of FIG. 7 may represent that the service controller 108 of FIG. 2 operates under microprogram control, or the function of the DMA controller 10 may be realized by hard logic.

First, at 7-1, it is determined whether or not the designation signal CS from the CPU 1 has arrived (is active). If YES, either the read signal RD or the write signal WR is supplied from the CPU 1. It is determined (7-2) whether or not the contents of the registers 104 and 105 specified by the address signal given via the address bus are output via the data bus. Then, the CPU 1 can read the data, and if the write signal WR, on the other hand, the process proceeds to 7-4, where desired data is input and set to the designated register via the data bus. The processes of 7-3 and 7-4 correspond to the processes of 3-5 and 3-15 of the main routine of the CPU 1. Therefore, by the processing of 7-4, each of the registers 104, 1 in FIG.
In 05, desired data is set.

The DMA from the CPU 1
When the access to the controller 10 or the program is completed, the designation signal CS is made inactive and 7-1 to 7
The process proceeds to -5.

In 7-5, each of the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-8
-3, DMA transfer requests DRQ1 to DRQ3 have been received, or the HD
It is determined whether (DRQ4) is received. If a request is received from any of them, the process proceeds to 7-6 and the DMA enable signal DMA
ENB is set to “1” (active), and the address bus and data bus in the DMA unit are connected to the DMA controller 1.
0 is occupied and access from CPU 1 is not accepted.

Subsequently, for a plurality of requests, a channel is selected according to the priority order of channels CH1 to CH4 (7-7).

Next, it is determined whether or not CH4 of the address register 104 is selected and the value of the transfer counter provided for CH4 is "0" (7-8). Here, if CH4 is selected and the value of the transfer counter is "0", that is, after the transfer of only the amount of data to be transferred by CH4 is completed, even if there is a transfer request,
The process returns to 7-5 without performing the transfer, and the routine of 7-5 to 7-8 is repeated. And if CH4 is not selected,
Or, even if CH4 is selected, if the value of the transfer counter is not "0", the current address (address register 104) of the selected channel (now, for example, CH2).
(The content of the current address register of CH2) is output to the address bus (7-9). Then, the control register 10 of the selected channel (now, for example, CH2)
5 to determine in which direction the DMA transfer is to be performed (7-10). If the data is to be transferred from the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 to another element (I / O), the process is performed from 7-11. 7-12
Then, the read signal RD is given to the buffer selected from among the buffers 9-1 to 9-3, and conversely, the transfer is performed from another element (I / O) to the buffers 9-1 to 9-3. If so, the process proceeds to 7-13, and the write signal WR is sent to the buffer.
give.

After that, the answer signal DAK is activated (7-14). As a result, in this case, the audio input / output device 8-2 of the Tr2 sends the sampled audio data to the data bus by the processing of 6-4 and 6-5 (FIG. 6), and outputs the current data of the buffer 9-2. The DMA controller 10 writes data in the address area (FIG. 1).
3).

In the step 7-15, since the data transfer has been completed, the read signal RD or the write signal WR and the answer signal DAK are made inactive, and in the step 7-16, the current address (the address in FIG. (In the register 104) is set to +1 and after reaching the final address of the buffer, the buffer is reset to the buffer start address. By the operation of 7-16, the buffers 9-1 to 9-1
Each time new sampled audio data is written to 9-3 or new audio data is read, the count-up or buffer start address is reset. And after the process of 7-16,
Return to 7-1.

In the previous state, the data transfer request from the audio input / output devices 8-2 and 8-3 for Tr2 and Tr3 is DMA
Has been done for the controller 10 and so far T
Since the data transfer has been executed only for r2, YES is determined in the following 7-5. Below T
Regarding r3, the voice input / output device 8-3 sends the buffer 9-
The data transfer in the direction of 3 is 7-7 to 7-11 and 7-1.
By executing the steps 3 to 7-16, the processing is performed in the same manner as described above.

When such data transfer is completed, 7-5
To 7-17, the DMA enable signal is set to "0" (inactive), the DMA controller 10 stops occupying the data bus and the address bus in the DMA unit, and the access from the CPU 1 can be accepted. To

As for Tr2 and Tr3, the audio input / output devices 8-2 and 8-3 respectively transmit the corresponding buffers 9-2 and 9-3.
The data transfer to the audio input / output device 8-1 has been described above.
Is transferred by the DMA controller 10.

The CPU 1 controls the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 corresponding to the operating track and the hard disks 12a and 12a.
The data transfer with b is performed sequentially for each track, and the data transfer following the previous data transfer (block transfer) is performed for each track. In the example of FIG. 13, for example, Tr1
From a and 12b, the transfer of the data amount corresponding to the blank portion between the illustrated start address (CH1) and the current address (CH1) will be performed from now on (the data transfer direction is also reversed for other tracks). However, it is clear that similar control is performed). Note that, in the play mode buffer (corresponding to 9-1) and the record mode buffer (corresponding to 9-2 and 9-3), the hatched portions correspond to the voice-inputted data portions.

When the DMA controller 10 detects that there is a transfer request from the HD controller 11 in 7-5, the DMA controller 10 performs 7-6 to 7-1 in the same manner as described above.
0, a request to transfer data from the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 in the direction of the hard disks 12a and 12b, or from the hard disks 12a and 12b to the buffers 9-1 to 9-
It is determined at 7-11 whether the request is for data transfer in three directions. If the request is the former, the process proceeds to 7-12; if the latter, the process proceeds to 7-13, and then each process of 7-14 to 7-16 is executed. At this time, for example, one sample of digital audio data is transferred by one transfer operation.
6 is repeated a plurality of times to perform block transfer. The data transfer between the hard disks 12a and 12b and the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 will be further described later because the operation of the HD controller 11 is also greatly related.

When the DMA transfer is completed, the request signals DRQ1 to DRQ4 stop arriving, and 7-5 to 7-17
Then, the DMA enable signal DMAENB is set to "0" (inactive).

<Operation of HD Controller 11> Next, the operation of the HD controller 11 will be described with reference to FIG.
The HD controller 11 may be controlled by hard logic or microprogram control, and in any case, implements the function of the operation flow of FIG.

First, it is determined whether the designation signal CS is given from the CPU 1 (8-1). This is given by the interrupt routine of the CPU 1. In the case of NO, the process returns to the original. In the case of YES, the process proceeds to 8-2 and whether the read signal RD is given from the CPU 1 or the write signal WR
Is determined, and at the time of reading, the designated data (contents of the address register, etc.) in the HD controller 11 is output to the CPU 1 via the data bus.

When the write signal WR is given, the process goes from 8-2 to 8-4, and sets the data transfer direction between the hard disk 12a and the hard disk 12a and the buffer for DMA transfer on the channel CH4 of the DMA controller 10 this time. At 8-5, the hard disk 12 to be accessed is
The access points a and 12b are set. This is C
It depends on the disk access pointer of the track obtained by PU1 from RAM3.

Subsequently, in step 8-6, the number of transfer data (the number of digital audio data) is set in an internal counter of the HD controller 11. This transfer data number is obtained in the interrupt routine of the CPU 1.

As described above, by executing steps 8-4 to 8-6, the HD controller 1 is controlled under the control of the CPU 1.
1 is programmed, then the HD controller 11
Requests data transfer to the MA controller 10 (8-7). As understood from this, CPU
1 is an interrupt signal IN from the HD controller 11.
When receiving T, it corresponds to the next track (that is, if all of Tr1 to Tr3 are now in operation, Tr1, Tr3
.. (In the order of 2, Tr3, Tr1...), The setting and control of the DMA transfer are executed for the DMA controller 10, and the HD controller 11 is programmed. After that, CPU1
Apart from the controller 11 and the DMA controller 10, the actual DMA transfer is executed by mutual interaction.

The HD controller 11 sets 8-7 next to 8-7.
8 and the answer signal DAC from the DMA controller 10
8-8 are repeated until K (DAK4) is received (see FIG. 7, 7-14).

If the judgment in 8-8 is YES, the process proceeds to 8-9, and the operation of CH4 of the DMA controller 10 transfers one sample of digital audio data.
The transfer counter set in 8-6 is counted down by 1 (8-10). In the following 8-11, judgment is made according to the contents of the transfer counter as to whether the data transfer for the preset number of transfer data is completed, and if NO, the process returns to 8-8 again. Therefore, the DMA controller 10
, The transfer request D until the transfer (block transfer) of the number of data set from the HD controller 11 is completed.
RQ4 is continuously received, and the processes of 7-5 to 7-16 (FIG. 7) are executed in accordance with the transfer request, and the HD controller 11 responds to the request by executing 8-8 to 8-
11 is executed.

When the end of the transfer is determined in 8-11, the process proceeds to 8-12, and the HD controller 11
Request DREQ for data transfer to controller 10
(DRQ4) is set to “0” (inactive). Then, for the next track, the hard disks 12a, 12
The HD controller 11 supplies an interrupt signal INT to the CPU 1 in order to transfer data between the buffer b and any one of the buffers 9-1 to 9-3 (8-13). In response to this, the CPU 1 executes the interrupt routine as described above.

<Operation for Synchronizing Externally> Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG. 9, the hard disks 12a, 1
The operation in the case where the data recorded in 2b is reproduced in synchronization with the tempo specified from the outside will be described. The flow of FIG. 9 is periodically started by a timer or the like inside the CPU 1. In 9-1, the external beat counter 24 outputs the internal tempo measured by the internal beat counter 23 and the external beat input (this is a MIDI (Musi) input from a sequencer or the like even if the input is a user tapping input.
cal Instrument Digital Interface (or clock). That is, the internal beat counter 23 counts the clock output from the system clock generation circuit 21 and
By dividing the count value by a predetermined value, the number of beats of the data reproduced from the hard disks 12a and 12b is counted. The number of clocks counted in one beat period can be expressed by the following equation. The number of clocks per beat = clock frequency / (tempo / 60) Therefore, the number of clocks (beat time) in the period of the reference number of beats (for example, 4 beats) can be expressed by the following equation. Beat time = (clock frequency / (tempo / 60)) x reference beat

Now, for example, when the clock frequency fc is set to 48 k
Assuming that the frequency is Hz, the number of clocks per beat when the tempo is 120 is 48 kHz / (120 beats / 60 seconds) = 24000. Therefore, the number of clocks in the period of four beats is 96,000 clocks, which is four times the value.

Hereinafter, similarly, the tempos are 122 and 11
In the case of 0 or 105, the number of clocks corresponding to the period of 4 beats is 94426, 10 as shown in FIG.
4727 or 109714.

That is, for example, when the tempo is 120, the internal beat counter 23 counts the number of beats by dividing the clock output from the system clock generating circuit 21 by 24000.

However, if this frequency division value is fixed, an error of the system clock will accumulate. Therefore, FIG.
The frequency division ratio is set according to the flowchart shown in FIG.

That is, the flow of FIG. 11 is repeated every time the internal beat counter 23 finishes measuring one beat.
1 and the interrupt signal INT is sent and executed.
First, at 11-1, the next beat time is loaded and the remaining beat count is set. Next, at 11-2, the beat time is divided by the number of remaining beats, and the value obtained by rounding the result is set as the frequency division value. Further, at 11-3, the frequency dividing value is subtracted from the beat time (for example, the length of 4 beats in the case of 4 beats), and the remaining beat count is decremented. If the remaining time and the remaining beats become zero here, in preparation for the next operation,
Set a new time signature and number of beats.

This processing will be further described with reference to an example.
For example, if the tempo is now set to 122,
94426 is loaded as the first beat time (11
-1). And this value is shown in Figure 1 by the interruption of the first beat.
When the flow 1 is executed, it is divided by the number of beats 4 (94426 /
4), 23606.5 is obtained. This value is rounded off to 23607 (11-2). Next, 94426
Is subtracted from 23607 to obtain 70819 (1
1-3). This 70819 is caused by the interruption of the second beat.
When the flow of 1 is executed, the value is further divided by 3 to obtain 2360
6.33 is obtained. This value is rounded to 2360
6 is obtained (11-2). Then 70820 to 236
06 is subtracted to obtain 47214 (11-
3). At the time of execution of the flow of FIG. 11 due to the interruption of the third beat, 47214 is further divided by 2 to obtain 23607. Further, 23607 is subtracted from 47213 to obtain 23606 (11-2). 23606 is divided by the value 1 when the flow of FIG. 11 is executed by the interruption of the fourth beat to obtain 23606. 23606 to 2
When 3606 is subtracted, the value becomes 0. Accordingly, a new beat time 94426 is internally set at 11-3,
Prepare for next time signature processing.

As described above, every time the measurement of each beat time is completed, the interrupt flow of FIG. 11 is executed by the CPU 1, a new frequency division value (corresponding to the beat time) is set, and counting is performed. The internal beat counter 23 executes. On the other hand, the external beat counter 24
As shown in (A), the time (−Δ) from when the internal beat counter 23 counts up to when there is a beat estimation input from the outside is measured (when the external tempo is slower than the internal tempo), or conversely. As shown in FIG. 18 (B), the time (+ Δ) until the internal beat counter 23 counts up when there is an external beat estimation input is measured (when the external tempo is faster than the internal tempo).

The information on the measured time is used in the synchronization control processing 9-3 and 9-5 in FIG. 9 described later. Even if the interrupt in FIG. 9 is entered when the time difference has not been measured, At the time difference at that time, the data is converted into data (9-3) for clock servo control or converted into address adjustment data (9-5). Thus, as shown in FIG. 18C, even when the input of an external beat becomes extremely slow, the absolute time difference of the beat becomes negatively large each time FIG. 9 is operated by the synchronous control interrupt (−). .DELTA., -.DELTA.2, -.DELTA.3,...), It is possible to gradually slow down the system clock until it almost stops, or to return the address many times to substantially stop the address increment. .

In 9-1 of FIG. 9, beat position time difference data representing the difference between the internal tempo and the external tempo is extracted from the external beat counter 24. In 9-2, the SYNC mode is a variable pitch mode (a mode in which the pitch of the output audio changes vertically for tempo adjustment) or an address variable mode (a mode in which the tempo adjustment is performed by adjusting the address and the pitch of the output audio does not change). ) Is determined. The user selects and designates the pitch variable mode or the address variable mode by operating the keyboard 4 or the like in advance.

In the case of the variable pitch mode, proceed to 9-3,
Clock servo data is obtained from the beat position time difference data obtained in 9-1. Then, the clock frequency is controlled in accordance with the servo data. That is,
The CPU 1 controls the system clock generation circuit 21 via the clock servo control circuit 22 according to the difference. That is, the system clock generating circuit 21 changes the clock frequency generated according to the difference. As a result, for example, when the external tempo is 5% faster than the internal tempo, control is performed so that the frequency of the system clock generated by the system clock generating circuit 21 is increased by 5% in order to eliminate the deviation. Will be done. However, in practice, how much the clock is adjusted according to the difference depends on the characteristics of the control loop.

Further, for example, when the external beat input is stopped, the clock generation in the system clock generating circuit 21 may be stopped (as described above).

Next, in 9-2, when it is determined that the address variable mode is set, the process proceeds to 9-4, in which the beat position time difference data already obtained in 9-1 exceeds a certain value. If the value does not exceed the predetermined value, the determination at 9-4 becomes No, and the process returns to the main routine without performing any address change processing. Then, the determination becomes YES and the process proceeds to 9-5, where the address adjustment data is calculated from the time difference data. Then, the CPU 1 controls the read addresses of the hard disks 12a and 12b via the DMA controller 10 so as to be at predetermined positions in accordance with the adjustment data.

The more detailed steps of the process of 9-9 are shown in the flowchart of FIG. That is, it is first determined at 10-1 whether the adjustment value (calculated at 9-5) is greater than zero. If the adjustment value is larger than 0, that is, if the external tempo is faster than the internal tempo, the process proceeds to 10-2, and the magnitude relationship between the remaining data amount of the event and the adjustment value is determined. If the remaining data amount of the event is larger than the adjustment value, proceed to 10-3,
The adjustment value is added to the already transferred amount. That is, the current address is advanced by an amount corresponding to the adjustment value, and the reproduction of the data during that time is stopped (skipped).

In 10-2, when it is determined that the remaining data amount of the event is smaller than the adjustment value, 10
The process proceeds to -4, where the EST index is incremented by 1, that is, the transferred amount of the next event is set to a value obtained by subtracting the remaining data amount of the current event from the adjustment value. That is, as a result, the remaining data of the current event and the predetermined data (adjustment value-remaining data amount) of the next event are skipped and are not reproduced.

On the other hand, if it is determined in 10-1 that the adjustment value is negative, that is, if the external tempo is slower than the internal tempo, the process proceeds to 10-5, where the transferred amount and the magnitude of the adjustment value are Is determined. When it is determined that the transferred amount is larger than the adjustment value, the process proceeds to 10-6, and the adjustment value is subtracted from the transferred amount. That is, the current address is restored by the value corresponding to the adjustment value. As a result, the data is double-read by an amount corresponding to the adjustment value.

If it is determined in 10-5 that the transferred amount is smaller than the adjustment value, the process proceeds to 10-7, in which the current address has a predetermined address event length of the immediately preceding event.
(Adjustment value-already transferred amount). Then, the data once reproduced therefrom is reproduced again.

For example, the adjustment value in 9-5 can be obtained by rounding off a multiple of the sector length of the hard disks 12a and 12b. 51 for one sector
In the case of 2 bytes, adjustment of about 5 ms unit can be performed at 256 kHz and 48 kHz. For example, if the current data is as shown in FIG.
As a result, if the external tempo is advanced by 256 sample times, 256 is added to the transferred amount of each track.

Since the pre-reading of the reproduction data is performed for each audio data block of several tens to several hundreds ms in the form of audio data, the monitoring time of the synchronization processing (timer interrupt interval in the flow of FIG. 9) is performed every several tens ms. In this case, since data for several ms is adjusted for each block of several tens of ms, simple time compression and expansion (early and late) can be executed in real time by inputting an external beat. Then, in 9-7, the beat count number and the frequency division value of the internal beat counter 23 are changed in order to correct that the absolute time has been changed by the address change.

[0124]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the reproducing means
Reproduces the data recorded on the recording medium and outputs it.
Output as playback data in synchronization with the input clock
The clock control means is calculated by the playback tempo measurement means.
Measured playback data tempo and external input specification
Depending on the time difference from the tempo, the frequency of the output clock
Is controlled variably for each beat.
Realize playback synchronized with the specified tempo input from the unit
In this case, the playback data can be
Can be changed. Further, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
According to the measured playback data tempo and external input
Output clock according to the time difference from the specified tempo
Frequency is variably controlled for each beat, so it is input from outside
As a result of being able to synchronize playback to the specified tempo in beat units,
Timing deviation can always be minimized. Claim
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the readout device provided with the reproducing means is provided.
Read the data recorded on the recording medium according to the dress
Playback control when outputting the data as playback data.
The playback data measured by the playback tempo measurement means.
Time difference between data tempo and specified tempo input from outside
Of the read address given to the reproducing means according to
To change the pitch of the playback data,
, Simple specification, but input from outside
Playback synchronized with the tempo can be realized.

[0125]

[0126]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a digital recorder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a specific example of a main part of the DMA controller of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a main routine of a CPU in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an interrupt routine of the CPU of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of step 4-2 in the interrupt routine shown in FIG. 4;

6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the audio input / output devices 8-1 to 8-3 in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the DMA controller of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an operation of the HD controller of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an external synchronization operation of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a more detailed operation of step 9-6 in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of an internal beat counter 23 in FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of data for measuring a beat time of the internal beat counter 23 in FIG. 1;

13 is a conceptual diagram showing an overall operation of the digital recorder in FIG.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an event table in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an event sequence table of original recording data in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a user-defined event sequence table.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of current data.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of operations of an internal beat counter and an external beat counter.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 CPU 2 ROM 3 RAM 8-1, 8-2, 8-3 Voice input / output device 9-1, 9-2, 9-3 Buffer 10 DMA controller 11 HD controller 12a, 12b Hard disk 13 Decoder 14, 15 AND gate 16 Inverter 21 System clock generation circuit 22 Clock servo circuit 23 Internal beat counter 24 External beat counter

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. Reproducing data recorded on a recording medium
And synchronize it with the output clock as playback data.
Reproducing means for outputting a playback tempo measuring means for measuring the tempo of the reproduced data, reproduced data measured by the reproduction tempo measuring means
Time difference between the tempo of the instrument and the specified tempo input from outside
Accordingly, the frequency of the output clock is variably controlled for each beat.
And a clock control means. 2. A method for reading data recorded on a recording medium in accordance with a given read address and reproducing the read data.
Reproducing means for outputting a data, and a reproduction tempo measuring means for measuring the tempo of the reproduced data, reproduced data measured by the reproduction tempo measuring means
Time difference between the tempo of the instrument and the specified tempo input from outside
Responsive to the read address given to the reproducing means
And a reproduction control means for controlling the operation of the digital recorder.