JP3111101B2 - Leak inspection method for membrane separation equipment - Google Patents
Leak inspection method for membrane separation equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP3111101B2 JP3111101B2 JP03319283A JP31928391A JP3111101B2 JP 3111101 B2 JP3111101 B2 JP 3111101B2 JP 03319283 A JP03319283 A JP 03319283A JP 31928391 A JP31928391 A JP 31928391A JP 3111101 B2 JP3111101 B2 JP 3111101B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- pressure
- gas
- membrane separation
- membrane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は膜分離装置の膜の損傷、
および本体と膜とのシール不良等による漏洩欠陥の有無
を迅速に且つ確実に検知する、漏洩検査方法に関するも
のである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a membrane separation device,
The present invention also relates to a leak inspection method for quickly and reliably detecting the presence or absence of a leak defect due to a bad seal between a main body and a membrane.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】排水処理、純水の製造、海水の淡水化
や、人工腎臓および血しょう分離といった分野に、限外
ろ過膜、逆浸透膜などのろ過膜を組み込んだ膜分離装置
が広く用いられている。これらの膜分離装置はろ過膜に
より隔絶した原液室と濾液室とから構成されている。2. Description of the Related Art Membrane separation devices incorporating filtration membranes such as ultrafiltration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes are widely used in the fields of wastewater treatment, pure water production, desalination of seawater, artificial kidney and plasma separation. Have been. These membrane separation devices are composed of a stock solution chamber and a filtrate chamber separated by a filtration membrane.
【０００３】この様な膜分離装置を製造する過程または
使用中に、膜にピンホールや亀裂などの損傷を生じた
り、装置本体と膜とのシール不良などによって、膜で隔
絶した原液室と濾液室に漏洩を起こす事がある。一箇所
でもこの様な漏洩欠陥が存在すると分離装置として機能
しない為、確実に漏洩欠陥の有無を検査する必要があ
る。[0003] In the process of manufacturing or using such a membrane separation device, damages such as pinholes and cracks may occur in the membrane, and a poor solution seal between the device body and the membrane may cause the stock solution chamber and the filtrate to be separated by the membrane. May leak into the room. If such a leakage defect exists even at one location, it does not function as a separating device, so it is necessary to reliably inspect for the presence of a leakage defect.
【０００４】従来、これらの漏洩欠陥を検知する方法と
して、（１）原液供給系の加圧気体の圧力低下を検出す
る方法（特開昭６０−９４１０５号公報）（２）中空糸
膜に気体を圧入して気泡の発生を見る方法、（３）乾燥
状態で、中空糸外面に加圧ガスを供給し、漏洩ガスを光
学的に見る方法（特開昭５６−３９９２１号公報）、
（４）電気伝導度の変化を検知する方法（実開昭４８−
１０７０８３号公報）がとられている。Conventionally, methods for detecting these leak defects include: (1) a method for detecting a pressure drop of a pressurized gas in a stock solution supply system (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-94105); (3) a method in which a pressurized gas is supplied to the outer surface of the hollow fiber in a dry state and the leaked gas is optically observed (JP-A-56-39921).
(4) Method of detecting a change in electric conductivity
No. 107083).
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来技術において、加
圧気体の圧力低下を検知する方法は、膜分離装置に欠陥
が無くても、配管系に微小でも漏洩箇所があれば加圧気
体の圧力はきわめて敏感に低下するため、膜分離装置の
欠陥と区別する事ができず検知エラーが多い。気体を圧
入して気泡の発生を見る方法や、漏洩ガスを光学的にす
る方法は、装置の外装が不透明な場合には適用できない
という欠点がある。また、電気伝導度の変化を検出する
ためには、原液として、処理後の液の電気伝導度に変化
を与える流体を供給する必要があり、更に検査後に再度
原液を洗浄する工程が必要である等の問題があった。In the prior art, the method of detecting the pressure drop of the pressurized gas is based on the pressure of the pressurized gas if there is no leak in the piping system even if there is no defect in the membrane separation device. Is extremely sensitive, and cannot be distinguished from a defect of the membrane separation apparatus, resulting in many detection errors. The method of observing the generation of air bubbles by injecting gas and the method of making leaked gas optical have drawbacks that they cannot be applied when the exterior of the device is opaque. In addition, in order to detect a change in electric conductivity, it is necessary to supply a fluid that changes the electric conductivity of the processed liquid as a stock solution, and a step of washing the stock solution again after inspection is required. And so on.
【０００６】本発明の目的は、膜分離装置において、膜
の損傷および本体とのシール不良等による漏洩欠陥の有
無を、迅速に且つ確実に検知する事が可能な膜分離装置
の漏洩検査方法を提供する事にある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for inspecting a leakage of a membrane separation device, which can quickly and reliably detect the presence or absence of a leakage defect due to damage to the membrane and poor sealing with the main body. To provide.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、 膜分離装置
に於いて、膜によって隔絶した一方の室に加圧した気体
を満たし、もう一方の室には、液体を満たした状態で封
入すると共に、気体を満たした気密な気体室を連通状態
で連結し、さらに圧力を検出する手段を設け、液体を封
入した側の圧力を測定することを特徴とする膜分離装置
の漏洩検査方法である。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention, in the membrane separation device, meets the gas pressurized at one chamber which is isolated by the membrane, the other chamber, sealed in a state filled with liquid < and the airtight gas chamber filled with gas is connected.
And a means for detecting pressure, and measuring the pressure on the side where the liquid is sealed, to measure the leakage of the membrane separation device.
【０００８】すなわち、膜によって隔絶されている例え
ば原液室側（未処理液側）に加圧した空気をなどの気体
を満たす。一方、濾液室側（既処理液側）に水などの液
体を封入して圧力を測定する。その際配管系を含めて濾
液室が完全な液封状態にならないよう、空気などの気体
を満たした気密な気体室を濾液室に連結し、圧力計を該
濾液室に設ける。そうする事で、欠陥部から気体が液体
を封入した濾液室に漏洩した時、濾液側圧力の異常な上
昇を測定するよう構成する。[0008] That is, a gas such as pressurized air, for example, on the undiluted liquid chamber side (untreated liquid side) separated by the membrane is filled. On the other hand, a liquid such as water is sealed in the filtrate chamber side (the processed liquid side) and the pressure is measured . At that time, an airtight gas chamber filled with gas such as air is connected to the filtrate chamber and a pressure gauge is provided in the filtrate chamber so that the filtrate chamber including the piping system is not completely sealed. By doing so, when gas leaks from the defective part into the filtrate chamber filled with liquid, an abnormal rise in filtrate side pressure is measured.
【０００９】液体を封入した室に気体室を設けず液封状
態にすると、例えばポリアクリルニトリル系高分子濾過
膜などは、加圧により容易に膨張するため、漏洩が全く
無くても加圧と同時に液封した室の圧力は加圧側と同一
圧力に上昇してしまい漏洩の有無を検知できない。If a liquid-sealed state is provided without providing a gas chamber in the chamber in which the liquid is sealed, for example, a polyacrylonitrile-based polymer filtration membrane or the like easily expands by pressurization. At the same time, the pressure in the liquid-sealed chamber rises to the same pressure as the pressurized side, and the presence or absence of leakage cannot be detected.
【００１０】本発明の実施に当たって、用いる気体、液
体の種類、圧力の測定方法、および膜の種類、形態は特
に限定されない。In practicing the present invention, the type of gas and liquid used, the method for measuring pressure, and the type and form of the membrane are not particularly limited.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下具体的に図示した実施例に基づいて本発
明を説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例１】図１は中空糸ろ過膜の束で構成した膜分離
装置の漏洩検査に本発明を適用した例の概略の系統図で
ある。図１において、膜分離装置（１）は中空糸ろ過膜
（４）によって原液室（２）と、濾液室（３）に隔絶さ
れて構成されている。原液は配管系（６）から原液室を
経て中空糸ろ過膜内部を流れ、その間にろ過され濃縮し
た原液は、室（２）から配管系（７）を通って排出され
る。一方ろ過され清澄となった濾液は、濾液室（３）を
経て配管系（８）より取り出される。この系に本発明を
適用する為に本実施例においては、原液配管系（６）に
加圧した気体を提供する配管系（９）を連結し、一方の
濾液室（３）には、気体を満たし気密に保った気体室
（５）を連結して圧力計（ＰＡ）を設け、所定の圧力よ
りも高くなると警報を発することができる。Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of an example in which the present invention is applied to a leak inspection of a membrane separation device composed of a bundle of hollow fiber filtration membranes. In FIG. 1, a membrane separation device (1) is configured to be separated into a stock solution chamber (2) and a filtrate chamber (3) by a hollow fiber filtration membrane (4). The undiluted solution flows from the piping system (6) through the undiluted solution chamber to the inside of the hollow fiber filtration membrane, and the undiluted solution filtered and concentrated during this time is discharged from the chamber (2) through the piping system (7). On the other hand, the filtered and clarified filtrate is taken out of the piping system (8) through the filtrate chamber (3). In order to apply the present invention to this system, in the present embodiment, a piping system (9) for supplying pressurized gas is connected to the undiluted piping system (6), and one of the filtrate chambers (3) is provided with a gas. A pressure gauge (PA) is provided by connecting the gas chambers (5) which satisfy the above condition and are kept airtight, and an alarm can be issued when the pressure becomes higher than a predetermined pressure.
【００１３】この系における漏洩検査の手順は次のよう
に行う。最初にバルブ（１０）により原液を停止し、バ
ルブ（１４）を開け、中空糸（４）の内部と上下の原液
室（２）内の原液を系外に排出する。次にバルブ（１
１）を閉じ濾液室内に液を満たした状態で、バルブ（１
３）、（１４）を遮断する。その後、配管系（９）より
加圧気体として空気を原液室（２）に所定の圧力で供給
する事で、原液室（２）および中空糸（４）の内部は加
圧空気で満たされており、一方、濾液室（３）にはろ過
された液体が液封の状態にあって、その圧力は加圧空気
と同一圧力にある。この時、気体室（５）はバルブ（１
２）で遮断し常圧の空気を満たしておく。The procedure of the leak inspection in this system is performed as follows. First, the stock solution is stopped by the valve (10), the valve (14) is opened, and the stock solution inside the hollow fiber (4) and the stock solution chambers (2) at the upper and lower sides is discharged out of the system. Next, the valve (1
Close the valve (1) with the filtrate chamber filled with liquid.
3) and (14) are cut off. Thereafter, by supplying air as pressurized gas from the piping system (9) to the stock solution chamber (2) at a predetermined pressure, the inside of the stock solution chamber (2) and the hollow fiber (4) is filled with pressurized air. On the other hand, the filtered liquid is in a liquid-sealed state in the filtrate chamber (3), and its pressure is the same as that of the pressurized air. At this time, the gas chamber (5) is connected to the valve (1).
Cut off in 2) and fill with air at normal pressure.
【００１４】次にバルブ（１２）を開ける事で濾液室
（３）は液封状態から開放され、加圧空気よりも低い圧
力に低下する。この時ろ過膜が湿潤状態にあると、多孔
質な膜中の気体の透過は液体の表面張力によって著しく
阻害され、欠陥のない健全な膜の場合には液体側の圧力
上昇はわずかであり、その上昇速度は予め検量しておく
事ができる。一方ピンホールなどの欠陥や、中空糸膜と
本体とのシール不良による漏洩部からは容易に気体は液
体側へ漏洩し、液体側の濾液室（３）内圧力は異常に上
昇する。Next, by opening the valve (12), the filtrate chamber (3) is released from the liquid-sealed state, and the pressure drops to a pressure lower than that of the pressurized air. At this time, if the filtration membrane is in a wet state, the permeation of gas in the porous membrane is significantly inhibited by the surface tension of the liquid, and in the case of a healthy membrane without defects, the pressure rise on the liquid side is slight, The rising speed can be calibrated in advance. On the other hand, gas easily leaks to the liquid side from a leak portion due to a defect such as a pinhole or a poor seal between the hollow fiber membrane and the main body, and the pressure inside the filtrate chamber (3) on the liquid side rises abnormally.
【００１５】このように漏れだし側の圧力をマノメータ
ーなどの微圧計で測定する事により、敏感に圧力上昇を
検知でき、しかも漏れだし側の圧力は、加圧側に比べ究
めて低いために、系を構成している配管系の漏れの有無
に影響される事が少なく、膜分離装置の欠陥のみによる
漏洩を検知するために有効である。By measuring the pressure on the leak side with a micromanometer such as a manometer in this way, a pressure rise can be detected sensitively, and the pressure on the leak side is extremely lower than that on the pressurized side. Is less affected by the presence or absence of leakage in the piping system that constitutes the above, and is effective for detecting leakage due to only a defect in the membrane separation device.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例２】ポリアクリルニトリル系合成高分子の中空
糸膜を用いた膜分離装置の漏洩検査を前述の例の通りの
圧力を測定する方法で実施した。 外径φ１．３ｍｍ、内径φ０．７ｍｍ、長さ１１００ｍ
ｍ、分画分子量 １３０００のポリアクリルニトリル系合成高分子中空糸
を２３５０本集束して組み立てた中空糸膜分離装置にお
いて、その中空単糸１本のみに直径約６０μｍ相当のピ
ンホール１個のある事が明らかになっている装置と、健
全な装置とを比較した。濾液室（３）には常温の水を封
入し、加圧気体として、５ｋｇG ／ｃｍ2 の空気を原液
室（２）に供給し、濾液室の圧力はマノメータ（岡野製
作所製）を用いて測定した。Example 2 Leakage inspection of a membrane separator using a hollow fiber membrane of a polyacrylonitrile-based synthetic polymer was carried out by the method of measuring pressure as in the above-described example. Outer diameter φ1.3mm, inner diameter φ0.7mm, length 1100m
m, in a hollow fiber membrane separation apparatus assembled by assembling 2350 polyacrylonitrile-based synthetic polymer hollow fibers having a molecular weight cutoff of 13000, only one hollow single fiber has one pinhole equivalent to a diameter of about 60 μm. We compared the known device with a healthy device. Room temperature water is sealed in the filtrate chamber (3), and 5 kg G / cm 2 of air is supplied to the stock solution chamber (2) as a pressurized gas, and the pressure in the filtrate chamber is measured using a manometer (manufactured by Okano Seisakusho). It was measured.
【００１７】図２は５０ｃｃの気体室を用いた場合の時
間経過と圧力の測定結果であり、図３は５００ｃｃの気
体室を用いた場合の結果である。図中のハッチングの範
囲が健全な膜分離装置の圧力上昇範囲であり、実戦の曲
線が６０μｍのピンホール欠陥１個を有する装置におけ
る圧力の上昇を示したものである。気体室容量の小さい
５０ｃｃの方が、同一漏れ量に対して圧力上昇が速く、
しかも健全な装置の圧力との差も大きいので、漏れの有
無の判定を高感度でできる。FIG. 2 shows the measurement results of the passage of time and pressure when a 50 cc gas chamber is used, and FIG. 3 shows the results when a 500 cc gas chamber is used. The hatched area in the figure is the pressure increase range of the healthy membrane separation apparatus, and the actual curve shows the pressure increase in the apparatus having one 60 μm pinhole defect. 50cc with a smaller gas chamber capacity has a faster pressure rise for the same leak rate,
In addition, since there is a large difference from the pressure of a sound device, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of leakage with high sensitivity.
【００１８】ただし、気体室容量は特に限定されるもの
ではなく、検出すべき漏洩欠陥の大きさ、加圧気体の圧
力、および用いる測定系の精度などから、合理的に判断
して決定する事ができる。However, the capacity of the gas chamber is not particularly limited, and should be determined rationally based on the size of the leak defect to be detected, the pressure of the pressurized gas, and the accuracy of the measuring system used. Can be.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】本発明の漏洩検査方法により、膜分離装
置の漏洩の有無を、配管系の漏れの影響が小さく、且つ
感度よく、迅速に検査する事ができる。According to the leakage inspection method of the present invention, the presence or absence of leakage in the membrane separation device can be quickly inspected with high sensitivity, with little influence of leakage in the piping system.
【図１】本発明の膜分離装置の漏洩検査方法を適用した
例の概略系統図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of an example to which a leak inspection method for a membrane separation device of the present invention is applied.
【図２】本発明の漏洩検査方法における時間経過と液体
側室内の圧力の測定結果であり、気体室容量が５０ｃｃ
の場合である。FIG. 2 shows the results of measuring the passage of time and the pressure in the liquid side chamber in the leak inspection method of the present invention.
Is the case.
【図３】本発明の漏洩検査方法における時間経過と液体
側室内の圧力の測定結果であり、気体室容量が５００ｃ
ｃの場合である。FIG. 3 is a graph showing measurement results of the passage of time and the pressure in the liquid side chamber in the leak inspection method of the present invention, in which the gas chamber capacity is 500 c
This is the case of c.
１ 膜分離装置 ２ 原液室 ３ 濾液室 ４ 中空糸ろ過膜の束 ５ 気体室 ６ 原液供給配管 ７ 濃縮原液排出配管 ８ 濾液取出し配管 ９ 加圧気体供給配管 １０ バルブ １１ バルブ １２ バルブ １３ バルブ １４ バルブ ＰＡ 圧力計および警報装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Membrane separation apparatus 2 Stock solution chamber 3 Filtration chamber 4 Bundle of hollow fiber filtration membranes 5 Gas chamber 6 Stock solution supply pipe 7 Concentrated stock solution discharge pipe 8 Filtrate removal pipe 9 Pressurized gas supply pipe 10 Valve 11 Valve 12 Valve 13 Valve 14 Valve PA Pressure gauge and alarm device
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G01M 3/00 G01M 3/04 G01M 3/26 G01N 15/08 B01D 65/10 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) G01M 3/00 G01M 3/04 G01M 3/26 G01N 15/08 B01D 65/10
Claims (1)
た一方の室に加圧した気体を満たし、もう一方の室に
は、液体を満たした状態で封入すると共に気体を満たし
た気密な気体室を連通状態で連結し、さらに圧力を検出
する手段を設け、液体を封入した側の圧力を測定するこ
とを特徴とする膜分離装置の漏洩検査方法。In a membrane separation apparatus, one chamber separated by a membrane is filled with a pressurized gas, and the other chamber is filled with a liquid while being filled and sealed with a gas. A method for inspecting leakage of a membrane separation device , comprising connecting chambers in a communicating state , further comprising means for detecting pressure, and measuring pressure on a side where liquid is sealed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03319283A JP3111101B2 (en) | 1991-12-03 | 1991-12-03 | Leak inspection method for membrane separation equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03319283A JP3111101B2 (en) | 1991-12-03 | 1991-12-03 | Leak inspection method for membrane separation equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05157654A JPH05157654A (en) | 1993-06-25 |
| JP3111101B2 true JP3111101B2 (en) | 2000-11-20 |
Family
ID=18108480
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03319283A Expired - Fee Related JP3111101B2 (en) | 1991-12-03 | 1991-12-03 | Leak inspection method for membrane separation equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3111101B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU663022B2 (en) * | 1992-11-02 | 1995-09-21 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Fibre monitoring system |
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- 1991-12-03 JP JP03319283A patent/JP3111101B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JP6029784B1 (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-11-24 | 株式会社イマイ | Carbonated spring supply head |
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