JP3106058B2 - Lubrication and cooling equipment for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lubrication / cooling apparatus for an internal combustion engine which lubricates a cylinder wall of an internal combustion engine and cools a piston.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a piston cooling device in an internal combustion engine, for example, a device described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 57-73341 is known.

According to this, lubricating oil is ejected to the back side of a crown portion of a piston to cool the piston, and a pressure regulating valve provided in a lubricating oil supply circuit for cooling includes:
This is a piston cooling device provided with an oil temperature sensor comprising a piston displaced by a thermostat having a temperature sensing part, and automatically adjusting a set pressure of a pressure regulating valve according to lubricating oil temperature.

However, since such a piston cooling device is intended to cool only the back side of the crown portion of the piston, the cooling device between the piston and the cylinder is used when the internal combustion engine is cold started or at a high speed. Lubrication cannot be performed with lubricating oil that is only lifted by the connecting rod, and lubrication between the piston and the cylinder may be insufficient, causing an increase in frictional resistance and noise.

In order to improve this point, for example, a cylinder lubricating device for an internal combustion engine disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 58-18006 has been proposed.

According to this, a nozzle for lubricating the cylinder wall, which is provided below the cylinder and communicates with the main path of the lubricating oil, is formed on the nozzle for cooling the piston toward the cylinder wall. If the lubricating oil pressure is below a certain level, a valve that shuts off the lubricating oil hole is equipped. By injecting lubricating oil toward the cylinder wall surface from the nozzle hole for injection, and by closing the piston cooling injection hole when the oil pressure is low at the time of so-called priming lubrication, the intention is to ensure that oil is supplied to the cylinder wall surface Is what it is.

[0007]

The cooling of the piston is performed to protect the piston from the high heat received from the piston crown surface during the operation of the internal combustion engine, and the piston is not warmed up so much. If the piston is cooled during operation, noise may occur between the piston and the cylinder inner wall due to insufficient thermal expansion of the piston, vibration may increase, and the temperature in the combustion chamber may also decrease. turn into.

In view of the above points, when examining the above-mentioned prior art, the piston cooling injection hole is opened and closed according to the level of the lubricating oil pressure. Therefore, the engine is not so hot that cooling by the piston cooling injection hole is necessary. Even when the oil pressure of the lubricating oil rises, the lubricating oil is ejected from the piston cooling injection holes, and the piston is cooled more than necessary. It causes noise and increases vibration,
In addition, the temperature in the combustion chamber is also reduced.

[0009] In addition, due to long-term operation of the internal combustion engine, etc.,
When the oil pressure of the lubricating oil increases, in the conventional technology, the piston is cooled together with the lubrication of the inner wall of the cylinder.However, in an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine or an engine with a high performance turbocharger, the piston is The heat load is particularly large, and the lubricating oil becomes hot, and in such a case, the lubricating oil needs more cooling on the piston side than on the cylinder inner wall side, and lubrication on the cylinder inner wall side is scraped by a connecting rod at most. Although it can be said that the raised lubricating oil is sufficient, since the lubricating oil is still distributed to the inner wall of the cylinder, the lubricating oil for cooling the piston may be insufficient and may be overheated.

In view of the foregoing, the present invention prevents the piston from being overcooled or overheated, and ensures that the lubricating action is always properly performed between the inner wall of the cylinder and the piston. An object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder lubricating device for an internal combustion engine intended to reliably prevent vibration and to purify exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine.

[0011]

According to the present invention, there is provided a lubricating / cooling apparatus for an internal combustion engine in which an oil jet body is provided with an oil pipe for cylinder wall lubrication and an oil pipe for cooling a piston, and oil is supplied to the two pipes. A pressure valve for opening and closing the respective ports is provided, and a thermostat for operating the pressure valve according to the oil temperature in the oil jet body is provided, and the oil supply ports are lubricated by the pressure valves for the oil supply ports. and configured to open and close control in accordance with the oil temperature with the hydraulic, the pressure valve, Oiruje
The oil pressure of the pump body is higher than the set pressure and the oil temperature is lower than the set temperature.
When the oil supply on the cylinder wall lubrication oil conduit side is
Only the supply port is opened, and the oil pressure of the oil jet
When the oil temperature is above the set temperature, the cylinder wall lubrication
Oil supply port on the oil pipe side and piston cooling
Oil supply port on the oil pipe side
Or the cylinder wall lubrication on the oil jet body
Oil pipe for piston and oil pipe for piston cooling
Oil supply ports to both conduits
A pressure valve for closing is provided, and the pressure valve is connected to the oil jet.
Thermostat operated by oil temperature in the jet body
The oil supply ports by the pressure valve
Open / close according to oil temperature together with lubricating oil pressure of oil jet body
The pressure valve is configured to control an oil jet
When the oil pressure of the main body is higher than the set pressure and the oil temperature is lower than the set temperature
The oil supply port on the cylinder wall lubrication oil conduit side
Only when the oil pressure of the oil jet main body is higher than the set pressure
The oil for cooling the piston
The oil supply port on the side of the oil pipe was opened .

[0012]

According to the lubricating oil pressure and oil temperature in the oil jet body, the pressure valve controls the opening and closing of the opening to the communication chamber of the cylinder wall lubricating oil conduit and the piston cooling oil conduit to prevent overcooling or overheating of the piston. In addition, the lubrication between the inner wall of the cylinder and the piston is always properly performed.

[0013]

Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an essential part of an internal combustion engine employing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a thermostat for operating a pressure valve used in the first embodiment of the invention according to lubricating oil temperature, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to FIG. 2 for explaining an operation state of the first embodiment.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylinder block, and a liner 11 is fitted into the cylinder block 1 with a gap to form a water jacket portion 12 to form a cylinder 13. This cylinder 1
3, a piston 14 is inserted so as to be able to slide back and forth.

Reference numeral 2 denotes an oil gallery formed in the cylinder block 1. The oil gallery 2 is connected to an oil pump (not shown).

Reference numeral 3 denotes an oil jet main body for lubricating the inner wall of the cylinder 13 with the lubricating oil supplied from the oil gallery 2 and cooling the piston 14.

The oil jet main body 3 has an oil storage chamber 30 having a bottomed cylindrical shape with one end opened, and a bottom portion 30a of the oil storage chamber 30 is disposed on an upper side to lubricate the oil gallery 2 from the oil gallery 2. An inlet 31 for introducing oil is formed. The opening side of the oil storage chamber 30 is disposed on the lower side, and is closed by the lid 32. The outer periphery of the bottom portion 30a, a male screw portion 30a ₁ is engraved, so as screwing oil jet body 3 in the cylinder block 1.

On the side wall 21 of the oil jet main body 3, 2
The three oil supply ports 33a and 33b are formed so as to be shifted from each other in the vertical direction, and the first oil supply port 33a
Is located on the upper side, and one end of the cylinder wall lubricating oil conduit 4 is oil-tightly connected by an O-ring 22 and communicates therewith.
The second oil supply port 33b is located on the lower side, and one end of the piston cooling conduit 5 communicates therewith.

The other end of the cylinder wall lubricating oil conduit 4 is
Cylinder wall lubrication ejection holes 4a and 4b are formed by being bifurcated and ejecting oil in the direction in which the skirt portion 14a of the piston 14 of the cylinder 13 contacts.

The other end of the piston cooling conduit 5 is a piston cooling jet hole 5a for jetting oil toward the back surface of the piston 14.

A step 34 is formed on the inner wall of the oil storage chamber 30 of the oil jet main body 3 between the oil jet chamber 3 and the inlet 31. When the lubricating oil pressure in the storage chamber 30 becomes equal to or more than a predetermined value, a cap-shaped pressure valve 36 for communicating the two conduits 4 and 5 with the introduction port 31 is introduced into the bottom 36a. It is located slidably at the mouth 31 side. In addition, a thermostat 37 mounted and fixed on the lid 32 is built in the accommodation room 30,
A spring 38 is contracted between the thermostat 37 and the pressure valve 36. The lid 32 is provided with an air vent hole 32a.

As shown in FIG. 4, the thermostat 37 has an oil temperature sensor chamber 2 for accommodating a wax 23 described later.
A spring support 25 of the spring 38 is provided on the oil temperature sensor chamber 24 at the inlet 31 side. The oil temperature sensor chamber 24 of the thermostat 37 has a built-in T-shaped piston 26 having a rod portion 26a that slides in a slide hole 25a formed in the spring support portion 25.
A wax 23 which expands due to an increase in oil temperature is built in the upper side of the piston portion 26b.
A return spring 27 is contracted below 6b. Therefore, in the initial state of the thermostat 37 (the state where the internal combustion engine is not operating), the piston 26
Is moved upward by a return spring 27 so that the lot portion 26a protrudes from the upper portion of the oil temperature sensor chamber 24. When the lubricating oil temperature reaches a set value or more, the rod portion 26a is moved to the oil temperature sensor chamber. 24 are drawn inward.

The state shown in FIG. 2 shows an initial state in which the internal combustion engine is not operating. The pressure valve 36 is urged in the direction of the step 34 by the spring 38, and
Oil supply port 33a and second oil supply port 33b
And the communication with the introduction port 31 are interrupted.

When the internal combustion engine is started and a warm-up operation is performed, the lubricating oil pressure and the oil temperature both increase, but are still low. In this state, since the spring force of the spring 38 is set so that the pressure valve 36 is maintained in the state shown in FIG. 2, the communication between the introduction port 31 and the first and second oil supply ports 33a and 33b is established. Is maintained, and no lubricating oil is supplied from the oil gallery 2 from any of the cylinder wall lubricating oil conduit 4 and the piston cooling conduit 5 (A in FIG. 8).
State).

When the internal combustion engine is in a normal running state, the lubricating oil temperature is still below the set value, but the lubricating oil pressure rises above the set value and reaches a high pressure state. Accordingly, the lubricating oil pressure is received by the pressure valve 36 and lowers from the first oil supply port 33a and the second oil supply port 33b, and the first and second oil supply ports 33a, 33
3b and the inlet 31 so that they can communicate with each other.
Although the spring force of 8 is set, since the lubricating oil temperature is still at a low temperature below the set value, the thermostat 3
7, the rod 26a of the piston 26 protrudes above the spring support 25 of the oil temperature sensor chamber 24.
Are a first oil supply port 33a and a second oil supply port 3
3b and the first oil supply port 33
Only a is opened (the state of FIG. 5A). In this state, the lubricating oil supplied from the oil gallery 2
Through the inlet 31, the oil storage chamber 30, and the first oil supply port 33a, the oil is injected only to the inner wall of the cylinder 13 from the cylinder wall lubrication ejection holes 4a, 4b through the cylinder wall lubrication oil conduit 4, and The lubrication between the inner wall and the piston 14 is sufficiently performed (the state shown in FIG. 8B).

When the internal combustion engine is idling after running for a long time in a normal running state, the oil pressure of the lubricating oil becomes lower than the set value, but the oil temperature is still higher than the set value. In the thermostat 37, the rod 26a of the piston 26
Is retracted inside the oil temperature sensor chamber 24 and attempts to lower the pressure valve 36. However, since the oil pressure is lower than the set value, the pressure valve 36 is raised by the urging force of the spring 38, and 31 and first and second oil supply ports 3
The communication with the cylinder walls 3a and 33b is interrupted (the state of FIG. 2), and the cylinder wall lubricating oil conduit 4 and the piston cooling conduit 5
No lubricating oil is supplied from the oil gallery 2 to any of the above (the state of C in FIG. 8).

When the internal combustion engine is operating under a high load such as running at high speed or running uphill for a long time, the temperature of the lubricating oil reaches a set value or higher.
Is lowered against the return spring 27 by the expansion of the wax 23, and the rod portion 2
6a is retracted to the oil temperature sensor chamber 24 side, and the pressure valve 36
Is lowered against the spring 38 by the oil pressure of the lubricating oil, and the second oil supply port 33b and the introduction port 31 communicate with the first oil supply port 33a (the state of FIG. 5 (2)). The lubricating oil supplied from the oil gallery 2 is ejected from the piston cooling outlet 5a to the back surface of the crown portion of the piston 14 through the piston cooling conduit 5 to lubricate the inner wall of the cylinder 13 and cool the piston 14. (FIG. 8D). Therefore, lubrication of the inner wall of the cylinder 13 and cooling of the piston 14 during high-load operation are reliably performed.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the pressure valve 36 is slightly longer than that of the first embodiment, and its bottom 36a is connected to a thermostat 37. The pressure valve 36 has a size that allows the first and second oil supply ports 33a and 33b to be simultaneously opened at the side of the pressure valve 36. A communication hole 36b having a hole is formed.

In the initial state where the internal combustion engine is not operating, as shown in FIG. 6A, the pressure valve 36 is urged in the direction of the step 34 by the spring 38, and
Further, the communication between the second oil supply ports 33a and 33b and the introduction port 31 is shut off.

When the internal combustion engine is warmed up or the like, the lubricating oil pressure and the oil temperature rise, but are still below the set values.
The state shown in FIG. 6A is maintained, and the pressure valve 36 is moved to the step portion 34 side of the oil storage chamber 30 by the spring 38 so that the first and second oil supply ports 33a and 33b and the introduction port 31 are connected. Are not communicated (state A in FIG. 8).

When the internal combustion engine is in a normal running state, the oil temperature is still below the set value, but the oil pressure rises above the set value. Therefore, as shown in FIG. When receiving the oil pressure, it descends, but also contacts the rod portion 26a of the thermostat 37, and connects the communication hole 36b to the first communication hole 36b.
Of the cylinder wall lubrication oil conduit 4a and the cylinder wall lubrication ejection holes 4a,
From 4b, lubricating oil is jetted onto the inner wall of the cylinder 13 (state C in FIG. 8).

During a high-load operation of the internal combustion engine such as high-speed running or uphill running for a long time, as a result of the lubricating oil temperature reaching a set value or more, as shown in FIG. By retracting, the pressure valve 36 is further lowered, and the communication hole 36b communicates with the second oil supply port 33b. The lubricating oil lubricates the inner wall of the cylinder 13 and cools the piston cooling pipe 5 in the piston cooling conduit 5. It is also ejected from the ejection hole 5a for cooling the piston 14 (state D in FIG. 8).

FIG. 7A shows a third embodiment according to the present invention. In comparison with the second embodiment, the size of the communication hole 36b of the pressure valve 36 is changed to the first oil supply port 33a or the first oil supply port 33a. Although it is larger than the size of each of the second oil supply ports 33b, it is so small that both oil supply ports 33a and 33b cannot communicate with each other at the same time. Therefore, in the initial state, the warm-up operation state, and the normal traveling state of the internal combustion engine, the first
And the same operation as the second embodiment (states E, F and G in FIG. 9), but at the time of high load operation, the pressure valve 36
Closes the second oil supply port 33a.
Only the communication hole 36b is communicated with the oil jet main body 3 to prevent the oil jet main body 3 from lubricating the inner wall of the cylinder 13 and only cool the piston 14 (state H in FIG. 9).

Therefore, the third embodiment is for dealing with long-time operation in an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine or an engine with a high-performance supercharger. In such a case, a particularly large heat load is applied to the piston. Although the temperature of the lubricating oil becomes high, all the lubricating oil supplied from the oil jet body 3 is directed to the cooling of the piston 14, and the inner wall of the cylinder is lubricated by the lubricating oil scraped up by the connecting rod. is there. As a result, the piston 14 is sufficiently cooled to prevent seizure, wear, deformation and the like of the piston 14 due to a heat load.

FIG. 7 (2) shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which a pressure valve 46 divides the oil storage chamber 30 of the oil jet main body 3 into an upper chamber 30b and a lower chamber 30c, and lubricates. The oil temperature sensor chamber 44 is slidably received in the oil storage chamber 30 by receiving a hydraulic pressure, and is formed of a bottomed cylindrical member having a lower opening. This oil temperature sensor room 44
Inside, a piston 45 is inserted. The rod portion 45a of the piston 45 penetrates a cylindrical rod guide portion 46a projecting below the pressure valve 46 and projects into the lower chamber 30c of the oil storage chamber 30.

A return spring 45 is contracted between the piston portion 45b of the piston 45 and the upper wall 44a of the oil temperature sensor chamber 44. Also, the piston part 45b
The wax 43 is sealed in a small chamber defined by the lower wall 44b of the oil temperature sensor chamber 44.

Further, the pressure valve 46 and the oil jet main body 3
A spring 48 for urging the pressure valve 46 toward the introduction hole 31 is contracted between the cover 42 and the lid 42 closing the opening.

The state shown in the figure shows an initial state in which the internal combustion engine is not operating. Both the first and second oil supply ports 33a and 33b are closed by the pressure valve 46. Is carried over to a warm-up operation or the like in which both the lubricating oil pressure and the oil temperature are low (state A in FIG. 8).

From this state, when the vehicle enters the normal running state, the lubricating oil pressure reaches the set value or more and lowers the pressure valve 46. However, since the lubricating oil temperature is still below the set value, the wax 4
3 does not expand, the rod portion 4 of the piston rod 45
5a is held in a protruding state as shown in FIG.
, The pressure valve 46 opens only the first oil supply port 33a to lubricate the inner wall of the cylinder 13 (state B in FIG. 8).

After traveling for a long time in a normal traveling state,
For example, when the internal combustion engine is idling, the lubricating oil temperature is still higher than the set value, so the wax 43 expands and the rod portion 45a is retracted into the oil temperature sensor chamber 44, but the oil pressure is still lower than the set value. Because of the following low pressure,
The pressure valve 46 is raised by the urging force of the spring 48, the first and second oil supply ports 33a and 33b are closed, and neither the lubrication of the inner wall of the cylinder 13 nor the cooling of the piston 14 is performed. (C in FIG. 8).

Further, during high-load operation of the internal combustion engine such as high-speed running or uphill running for a long time, the lubricating oil temperature rises and reaches a set value or more. By retracting into the temperature sensor chamber 44 against the return spring 47, the pressure valve 46 is lowered by the lubricating oil pressure, so that the first oil supply port 3
The second oil supply port 33b is also opened together with 3a, so that the piston 14 is cooled while the inner wall of the cylinder 13 is lubricated.

[0043]

According to the lubricating / cooling apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, an oil pipe for connecting a cylinder wall lubricating oil pipe and a piston cooling oil pipe are connected to an oil jet main body. A pressure valve for opening and closing the supply port is provided, and a thermostat for operating the pressure valve according to the oil temperature in the oil jet body is provided, and the two oil supply ports are connected to the oil jet body by the pressure valve. Since the opening and closing control is performed according to the oil temperature together with the lubricating oil pressure, the oil pressure supply valve to the oil conduit for lubricating the cylinder wall and the oil conduit for cooling the piston is also provided by the oil temperature together with the lubricating oil pressure in the oil jet body. By controlling the opening and closing of each cylinder and injecting lubricating oil to the inner wall of the cylinder according to the operating condition of the internal combustion engine, In addition to improving the lubrication condition between the inner wall of the cylinder and the piston to improve friction and reduce fuel consumption and increase engine speed, the oil supply port to the piston cooling oil conduit opens and closes depending on the lubricating oil temperature. As a result, it is possible to perform a piston cooling function according to the lubricating oil temperature.
As a result, supercooling of the combustion chamber of the engine can be prevented,
The time for the warm-up operation can be reduced, the noise and vibration of the engine can be reduced, and the exhaust gas can be further purified. In particular, in the present invention, by controlling the pressure valve based on the lubricating oil temperature together with the lubricating oil pressure, in an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine or an engine with a high-performance supercharger, when the piston receives a large heat load, the inner wall of the cylinder is The supply of lubricating oil to the piston can be cut off, and the lubricating oil can be distributed only to the cooling of the piston.
Wear, deformation and the like can be reliably prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of an internal combustion engine employing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an initial state of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a thermostat for operating a pressure valve used in the first embodiment of the present invention by oil temperature.

FIG. 5 is the same longitudinal sectional view as FIG. 2 showing an operation state of the first embodiment, (1) shows a state at a low pressure and low temperature of the lubricating oil,
(2) shows a high pressure and high temperature condition.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of a second embodiment of the present invention;
(1) is the initial state, (2) the lubrication oil pressure is above the set value,
(3) shows a case where the lubricating oil pressure and the oil temperature are equal to or higher than the set values.

FIG. 7A is a sectional view of a main part of a third embodiment of the present invention,
(2) is a sectional view of a main part of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a matrix diagram for explaining an operation state of the first, second and fourth embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a matrix diagram for explaining an operation state of the third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 Oil Jet Main Body 4 Cylinder Wall Lubrication Conduit 5 Piston Cooling Conduit 13 Cylinder 14 Piston 24,44 Oil Temperature Sensor Room 30 Oil Storage Room 31 Inlet 33a First Oil Supply Port (Cylinder Wall Lubrication Conduit Side) 33b 2 oil supply port (piston cooling conduit side) 36 46 Pressure valve 37 Thermostat 38 Spring

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] An oil jet main body is provided with a cylinder wall lubricating oil conduit and a piston cooling oil conduit in communication with each other, and a pressure valve for opening and closing an oil supply port to each of the two conduits is provided. the equipped with a thermostat for the valve operated by the oil temperature in the oil jet body, constitutes the two oil supply port so as open and close control in accordance with the oil temperature with lubricating oil in the oil jet body by the pressure valve , The pressure valve is such that the oil pressure of the oil jet body is equal to or higher than a set pressure.
And the oil temperature is below the set temperature, the cylinder wall lubrication oil
Open only the oil supply port on the oil conduit side and
Jet body oil pressure is above set pressure and oil temperature is above set temperature
Oil supply on the cylinder wall lubrication oil conduit side
Oil supply at the port and the piston cooling oil conduit side
A lubrication / cooling device for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the opening is configured to be open . 2. An oil jet body for lubricating a cylinder wall.
Connect the oil pipe and the oil pipe for cooling the piston.
And open and close the oil supply ports to both conduits
And a pressure valve for operating the oil jet.
Thermostat operated by oil temperature in the main body
And both oil supply ports are turned on by the pressure valve.
Opening / closing system according to oil temperature together with lubrication oil pressure of Iljet body
The pressure valve opens only the oil supply port on the cylinder wall lubricating oil conduit side when the oil pressure of the oil jet main body is equal to or higher than a set pressure and the oil temperature is equal to or lower than the set temperature. When the oil pressure of the oil jet main body is equal to or higher than the set pressure and the oil temperature is equal to or higher than the set temperature , the oil supply port on the piston cooling oil conduit side
A lubrication / cooling device for an internal combustion engine , characterized in that the lubrication / cooling device is configured to open.