JP3103237B2 - Looseness detection device for rail fastening device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting looseness of a rail fastening device for fastening railroad rails to sleepers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, a general rail fastening device is such that a holding member 1 composed of a leaf spring is tightened to a sleeper 3 side with a bolt 2 to attach a base 4a of a rail 4 to a sleeper 3.
The rail base 4a is pressed from above and sandwiched from both right and left sides by a lateral stopper member 5 also made of a leaf spring. Reference numeral 6 denotes a receiving member that receives the outer end of the holding member 1.

Conventionally, as a method of inspecting the looseness of the rail fastening device (the looseness of the bolt 2), various changes caused by the looseness of the device while an operator walks along the rail, for example, by a virtual line in FIG. The inclination (shift angle θ) of the holding member 1 in a plan view as shown in the drawing, the positional shift (shift amount P) of the receiving member 6 in the front-rear direction, or the deflection Q (looseness) of the member 1 as shown in FIG. And smaller).

There is also a method of hitting a fastening device with a hammer and judging looseness by the impact sound.

[0005]

However, according to such a method, the work efficiency is poor, the inspection distance per unit time is short and limited, and the inside of a tunnel without a corridor is required for night work after the end of work. For this reason, there are various problems such as the time being limited and the need for more skill.

Further, the above-described deviation angle θ, deflection amount Q, and sound quality determination are not always easy to perceive by humans, and there is a disadvantage that the dispersion is large and inaccurate.

The present invention provides a rail fastening device looseness detecting device capable of automatically, efficiently and accurately detecting loosening of a rail fastening device.

[0008]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of position sensors for detecting the positions of a plurality of measurement points on at least one fastening part constituting a rail fastening device are provided on a bogie traveling on a rail. And a controller for determining a deviation of each measurement point from a normal position based on a signal from each position sensor.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, the rail fastening device includes a holding member for holding down the rail on the sleeper by the tightening force of the bolt, and each position sensor includes a plurality of the holding members. The controller is configured to detect the plane position of the measurement point and determine the deviation of each measurement point from the normal plane position based on the signal from each position sensor.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, the rail fastening device includes a holding member that holds down the rail on the sleeper by a bolt tightening force, and each position sensor is provided on an upper surface of the holding member. The controller is configured to detect vertical positions of a plurality of set measurement points and determine a deviation from a normal vertical position of each measurement point based on a signal from each position sensor. is there.

[0011]

According to the above arrangement, when the position of the detection target component is displaced due to the looseness of the rail fastening device, the presence or absence of the looseness is determined by the controller based on the sensor signal for detecting the displacement.

That is, automatic detection can be performed while the truck is running, and the efficiency of detection work and the accuracy of detection are significantly improved as compared with the conventional visual inspection method and sound determination method.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the detection of the displacement (deviation angle) of the holding member from the planar position is relatively easy, the looseness can be determined at a high speed.

On the other hand, according to the configuration of the third aspect, since the change in the amount of deflection of the holding member, which directly indicates a decrease in the bolt tightening force, is detected, more accurate detection can be performed.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 shows the overall appearance of a looseness detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 8 denotes a truck that travels on rails 4 by wheels 9. The truck 8 has a cabin 10 serving as a driver's cab and a measurement room, and an engine 11 (engine cover) serving as a power source for traveling and the like. Only) is mounted, and a sensor unit 13 (only the case is shown) is provided on the underside of the trolley via a gantry 12.

The same number of the sensor units 13 as the number of rail fastening devices used for one sleeper (four pairs of right and left rails, four pairs in total) are installed in opposition to each rail fastening device. In one embodiment, the shift angle θ of the holding member 1 of the rail fastening device shown by the imaginary line in FIG.
In the second embodiment, the flexure amount Q shown in FIG.

First Embodiment (see FIGS. 2 to 5) FIG. 2 shows a block configuration of a looseness detecting device according to a first embodiment.

The sensor unit 13 includes three position sensors (proximity switch, photoelectric sensor, laser displacement meter,
An eddy current sensor or the like is used) 14, 15 and 16, and as shown in FIG. 4, three positions A, B and C at the center and right and left sides of the holding member 1 indicate the position of the member 1 in the front-rear direction. It is detected by the position sensors 14, 15, 16.

That is, when the position sensors 14, 15, 16 pass above the holding member 1 at the three positions A, B, C, the sensor output is, as shown in FIG. It rises at the ends X1, X2, X3 and falls at the front end.

The three output waveforms indicate that the holding member 1
When they are in the normal position where the deviation angle θ = 0 indicated by the imaginary line, they coincide temporally, but due to the loosening of the bolt 2, the same member 1
Are tilted as shown by the solid line, there are deviations a and b between the rise time and the fall time.
The signals are input to the controller 20 (all of which are installed on the cart 8) via the amplifiers 17, 18, and 19.

As shown in FIG. 3, the controller 20 includes a storage section 21 for storing input sensor signals, and a shift angle calculation section for calculating a shift angle based on shift angle data taken out of the storage section 21. 22, a looseness determining unit 23 that determines the looseness of the rail fastening device based on the calculated magnitude of the deviation angle (by a difference from a preset reference value), and a determination by the looseness determining unit 23. It comprises a display unit 24 (for example, a CRT or a printer) for displaying the result, and a data processing unit 25 for storing the sampled deviation angle data and looseness determination data to make a database.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, a traveling speed detecting section 26 (for example, a combination of a rotary encoder, a pulse counter and an F / V converter is used) for detecting the traveling speed of the carriage 8 is provided. The traveling speed signal from the section 26 is taken into the speed synchronization signal generator 27.

In the speed synchronizing signal generator 27, a synchronizing signal (one shot pulse) corresponding to the traveling speed is sent to the pulse generator 28, and a pulse signal generated from the pulse generator 28 to the controller 20 by the input of the synchronizing signal. Is used as a trigger, and the above-mentioned shift angle signal is taken into the controller 20.

That is, the position of the rail fastening device is determined by comparing the pitch of each set of rail fastening devices and the traveling speed information, which are known information, and the deviation angle is set on condition that the sensor unit 13 reaches the position of the rail fastening device. The capture of the detection data and the deviation angle calculation processing are performed, and the capture of the data at a location other than the rail fastening device and the deviation angle calculation processing (erroneous detection) based thereon are prevented.

As shown by the phantom line in FIG. 2, a bolt sensor 29 for detecting the bolt 2 of each rail fastening device is provided, and when the bolt 2 (rail fastening device) is actually detected by the bolt sensor 29. A trigger pulse may be generated from the pulse generator 28. Reference numeral 30 denotes an amplifier for the bolt sensor 29.

The trigger pulse from the pulse generator 28 is also taken into the counter 31, and the number of pulses counted here (the number of rail fastening devices that have passed) is input to the address adder 32.

In the address adder 32, the address of the rail fastening device being processed is determined from the preset address of each rail fastening device and the number of count pulses, and this is input to the controller 20 as address information.

As a result, the looseness determination data based on the deviation angle signal is output to the display unit 24 in FIG. 3 in relation to the address of the rail fastening device and stored in the data processing unit 25. As described above, while traveling on the rail 4, the deviation angle of the pressing member 1 is automatically detected for each rail fastening device, and the looseness is determined based on the deviation angle. Efficient in a short time compared to the case where looseness is determined by visual or impact sound while walking,
In addition, the looseness test can be accurately performed.

Further, since the phenomenon that the pressing member 1 is displaced from the planar position (deviation angle) is detected relatively easily, the looseness can be accurately determined and the processing can be performed at high speed.

Second Embodiment (See FIGS. 6 to 10) In the second embodiment, the bolt 2
The deflection amount (Q in FIG. 13) of the presser member 1 that changes due to the tightening force is detected, and the looseness of the rail fastening device is determined based on the detected deflection amount.

The sensor unit 13 includes a slit light source (for example, a laser light source) 34 for irradiating the slit light to the upper surface of the pressing member 1 via the light projecting lens 33 and a light receiving device for receiving reflected light from the pressing member 1 through a light receiving lens 35. And a part 36.

The light receiving section 36 includes a number of PSDs (Positi
.. are arranged in a line, and changes in the incident position of light are extracted as changes in output as shown in FIGS.

FIG. 9 shows the output state of each of the PSDs 37... In the state of the solid line in FIG. 7 in which the tightening force of the bolt 2 is properly maintained, and as shown in the broken line in FIG.
When the amount of deflection of each PSD decreases, as shown in FIG.
Output changes. 9 and 10, O1 and O2 indicate PSD outputs at the center of the holding member having the largest amount of deflection.
1> O2.

The PSD output signal is taken into the controller 40 via the analog signal processing section 38 and the A / D converter 39 shown in FIG. And the three reference values on both sides are compared with preset reference values of the PSD output to determine whether or not there is looseness.

The result of this determination is displayed on the display unit 42 and stored and stored in the storage unit 43 as looseness determination data.

In order to prevent erroneous detection due to the presence of pebbles at the center of the holding member, more P
The SD output may be used as sampling data. In this case, when the processing time is insufficient due to the relationship with the traveling speed, the data may be temporarily stored in the storage unit 43 and detailed processing may be performed later.

According to the second embodiment, basically the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, since a change in the amount of deflection of the holding member 1 in which a decrease in the tightening force of the bolt 2 of the rail fastening device directly appears is detected, more accurate detection can be performed.

Incidentally, the displacement amount P of the receiving member 6 in the front-rear direction shown in FIG. 12 may be detected. Alternatively, some or all of the three elements of the above-described displacement angle θ of the holding member 1, the deflection amount Q, and the displacement amount P of the receiving member 6 may be detected, and looseness may be determined as an overall evaluation of these. Good.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of position sensors for detecting the positions of a plurality of measurement points on at least one fastening part constituting a rail fastening device are provided on a bogie traveling on a rail. The position sensor detects the positional deviation of the detection target component due to the looseness of the rail fastening device, and the controller determines whether there is any looseness based on the positional deviation. This makes it possible to significantly improve the efficiency of detection work and the accuracy of detection as compared with conventional visual inspection methods and sound determination methods. That is, it is possible to perform an accurate looseness inspection in a short time with a small number of people and without requiring skill.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the detection of the deviation (deviation angle) of the holding member from the plane position is relatively easy, the looseness can be determined at a high speed.

On the other hand, according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the change in the amount of deflection of the holding member, which directly indicates a decrease in the bolt tightening force, is detected, more accurate detection can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a looseness detecting device according to first and second embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a looseness detecting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a controller according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a looseness detection method according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sensor output waveform diagram in the same system.

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view for explaining a looseness detection method by a looseness detection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a sensor output diagram in a normal state in the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sensor output diagram in a state where loosening occurs in the embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a front sectional view of the rail fastening device.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 11;

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Holding member of rail fastening device 2 Bolt 3 Sleeper 4 Rail 8 Dolly 9 Wheel of dolly 13 Sensor unit 14, 15, 16 Position sensors constituting sensor unit 20 Controller 21 Storage unit of same controller 22 Same deviation angle calculator Reference Signs List 23 Looseness discriminating unit 24 Same display unit 34 Slit light source constituting sensor unit 33 Same light projecting lens 35 Same light receiving lens 36 Light receiving unit 37 Many PSDs constituting light receiving unit 40 Controller 41 Controller comparison / determination unit 42 Same display unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Mitsuhiro Fujita 1-1-4 Meiji Station, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Tokai Passenger Railway Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Michihiro Matsuzaki Meiji Station, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture No. 1-4, Tokai Passenger Railway Co., Ltd. (72) Mitsuo Umeko 2-3-1, Shinhama, Araimachi, Takasago-shi, Hyogo Prefecture Kobe Steel, Ltd. 2-3-1, Araimachi Shinhama Kobe Steel, Ltd. Takasago Works (72) Inventor Yasuo Morita 2-3-1, Araimachi Shinhama, Takasago City, Hyogo Prefecture Kobe Steel Co., Ltd. Takasago Works (72) Inventor Minoru Aoi 2-3-1, Shinhama, Arai-machi, Takasago City, Hyogo Prefecture Inside Kobe Steel, Ltd. Takasago Works (56) References JP-A-6-298092 (JP, JP-A-6-241927 (JP, A) JP-A-6-331468 (JP, A) JP-A-3-250103 (JP, A) JP-A-5-50068 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01M 13/00 E01B 35/00-35/12 G01L 5/00 103 B61K 9/08 JICST file (JOIS)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A truck traveling on a rail is provided with a plurality of position sensors for detecting positions of a plurality of measurement points on at least one fastening part constituting a rail fastening device, and the position sensors from the respective position sensors are provided. A looseness detecting device for a rail fastening device, comprising: a controller that determines a deviation of each measurement point from a normal position based on a signal. 2. A rail fastening device comprising: a holding member for holding down a rail on a sleeper by a tightening force of a bolt;
Each position sensor detects a plane position of a plurality of measurement points of the holding member, and a controller determines a deviation of each measurement point from a normal plane position based on a signal from each position sensor. The looseness detecting device for a rail fastening device according to claim 1, wherein: 3. A rail fastening device comprising a holding member for holding down a rail on a sleeper by a bolt tightening force,
Each position sensor detects the vertical position of a plurality of measurement points set on the upper surface of the holding member, and the controller determines the position of each measurement point from the normal vertical position based on a signal from each position sensor. 2. The looseness detecting device for a rail fastening device according to claim 1, wherein a deviation is determined.