JPH06241946A - Looseness detecting device for rail jointing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically, efficiently and accurately detect looseness at a rail jointing device. CONSTITUTION:To a bogy that runs on a rail, multiple position sensors 14, 15 and 16 that detect positions of multiple measurement points in at least one jointing device 1 that constitutes a rail jointing device are provided, and using these position sensors 14, 15 and 16, displacement of to-be-detected parts 1 caused by loosened rail jointing device is detected, and based on this, a controller 20 decides presence of looseness.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for detecting looseness of a rail fastening device for fastening and fixing a rail of a railway to a sleeper.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a general rail fastening device, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, a holding member 1 made of a leaf spring is fastened to a sleeper 3 side with a bolt 2 and a base portion 4a of a rail 4 is fixed to a sleeper 3.
The rail base 4a is pressed upward and sandwiched by the lateral stop member 5 which is also a leaf spring. Reference numeral 6 denotes a receiving member that receives the outer end of the pressing member 1.

Conventionally, as a method for inspecting the slack of the rail fastening device (slack of the bolt 2), various changes caused by the slackness of the device while the worker walks along the rail, for example, by imaginary lines in FIG. The inclination (deviation angle θ) of the pressing member 1 in plan view as shown, the positional deviation of the receiving member 6 in the front-rear direction (deviation amount P), or the deflection amount Q (loose) of the same member 1 as shown in FIG. It has been confirmed visually.

Further, a method of hitting the fastening device with a hammer and judging looseness from the impact sound is also used.

[0005]

However, according to such a method, the work efficiency is poor, the inspection distance per unit time is limited to a short time, and in a tunnel without a corridor, night work after work is finished. Therefore, there are various problems such that the time is limited and further skill is required.

Further, the above-described deviation angle θ, the amount of deflection Q, and the sound quality judgment are not always easy for human perception, and there is a drawback that they are inevitably large and lack accuracy.

Therefore, the present invention provides a looseness detecting device for a rail fastening device which can automatically, efficiently and accurately detect looseness of the rail fastening device.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of position sensors for detecting the positions of a plurality of measurement points in at least one fastening component constituting a rail fastening device are provided on a carriage traveling on a rail. A controller is provided which discriminates the deviation of each measurement point from the normal position based on the signal from each position sensor.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the structure of the first aspect, the rail fastening device includes a holding member for holding the rail on the sleeper by the tightening force of the bolt, and each position sensor includes a plurality of holding members. The controller is configured to detect the plane position of the measurement point and determine the deviation of each measurement point from the normal plane position based on the signal from each position sensor.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the structure of the first aspect, the rail fastening device includes a pressing member for pressing down the rail on the sleeper by the tightening force of the bolt, and each position sensor is provided on the upper surface of the pressing member. It is configured to detect the vertical position of multiple set measurement points and to determine the deviation of each measurement point from the normal vertical position based on the signal from each position sensor. is there.

[0011]

According to the above construction, when the position shift of the detection target component occurs due to the looseness of the rail fastening device, the presence or absence of the looseness is determined by the controller based on the sensor signal for detecting the displacement.

That is, automatic detection is possible while the carriage is running, and the efficiency of detection work and the accuracy of detection are significantly improved as compared with the conventional visual inspection method and acoustic determination method.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, since a phenomenon in which the deviation (deviation angle) of the pressing member from the plane position is relatively easy to detect is targeted, high-speed processing of looseness determination can be performed.

On the other hand, according to the third aspect of the invention, since the change in the amount of deflection of the pressing member, which directly causes the decrease in the tightening force of the bolt, is detected, more accurate detection can be performed.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 shows an overall appearance of a looseness detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a trolley which travels on the rail 4 by means of wheels 9. The cab 8 serves as a cabin 10 which serves as a driver's cab, a measurement room, etc., and an engine 11 (engine cover as a power source for traveling, etc.). (Only the case is shown) is mounted, and the sensor unit 13 (only the case is shown) is provided on the lower surface of the carriage through the frame 12.

The same number of the sensor units 13 as the rail fastening devices used for one sleeper (a total of four pairs of left and right rails, a total of four sets) are installed facing each rail fastening device. In one embodiment, the displacement angle θ of the holding member 1 of the rail fastening device shown by the phantom line in FIG.
In the second embodiment, the deflection amount Q shown in FIG. 13 is detected by this sensor unit 13.

First Embodiment (See FIGS. 2 to 5) FIG. 2 shows a block configuration of a looseness detecting device according to the first embodiment.

The sensor unit 13 is composed of three position sensors (proximity switch, photoelectric sensor, laser displacement meter, which are opposed to the pressing member 1 and are arranged at regular intervals in the left-right direction).
An eddy current sensor or the like is used) 14, 15 and 16, and as shown in FIG. 4, there are three positions A, B and C on the center portion and the left and right side portions of the pressing member 1, which are the front and rear positions of the member 1. It is detected by the position sensors 14, 15 and 16.

That is, when the position sensors 14, 15 and 16 pass above the pressing member 1 on the above three positions A, B and C, the sensor output indicates the front side of the pressing member 1 as shown in FIG. It rises at the ends X1, X2, X3 and falls at the front end.

In these three output waveforms, the pressing member 1 is shown in FIG.
When they are in the normal position with the deviation angle θ = 0 shown by the imaginary line, they match in time, but due to the looseness of the bolt 2, the member 1
When is tilted as shown by the solid line, deviations a and b occur between the rising time and the falling time.
It is input to the controller 20 (all are installed in the carriage 8) via the amplifiers 17, 18 and 19.

As shown in FIG. 3, the controller 20 has a storage unit 21 for storing an input sensor signal, and a shift angle calculation unit for calculating a shift angle based on the shift angle data extracted from the storage unit 21. 22 and a looseness discriminating unit 23 that discriminates the looseness of the rail fastening device based on the magnitude of the calculated shift angle (difference from a preset reference value), and the looseness discriminating unit 23. It is composed of a display unit 24 (for example, CRT, printer) for displaying the result, and a data processing unit 25 for storing the sampled deviation angle data and looseness determination data and converting them into a database.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, a traveling speed detecting portion (for example, a combination of a rotary encoder, a pulse counter and an F / V converter is used) 26 for detecting the traveling speed of the carriage 8 is provided and the same is detected. The traveling speed signal from the unit 26 is taken into the speed synchronization signal generator 27.

In this speed synchronization signal generator 27, a synchronization signal (one shot pulse) corresponding to the traveling speed is sent to the pulse generator 28, and the pulse signal emitted from the pulse generator 28 to the controller 20 by the input of this synchronization signal. With the trigger as a trigger, the deviation angle signal is taken into the controller 20.

That is, the position of the rail fastening device is determined by comparing the pitch of each group of rail fastening devices, which is known information, with the traveling speed information, and the shift angle is determined on the condition that the sensor unit 13 reaches the position of the rail fastening device. The detection data is taken in and the deviation angle calculation process is performed, so that the data acquisition at a place other than the rail fastening device and the deviation angle calculation process (erroneous detection) based on this are prevented.

As shown by the phantom line in FIG. 2, a bolt sensor 29 for detecting the bolt 2 of each rail fastening device is provided, and when the bolt sensor 29 actually detects the bolt 2 (rail fastening device). A trigger pulse may be generated from the pulse generator 28. Reference numeral 30 is an amplifier for the bolt sensor 29.

The trigger pulse from the pulse generator 28 is also fetched by the counter 31, and the number of pulses counted here (the number of sets of the rail fastening devices that have passed) is input to the address adder 32.

In the address adder 32, the address of the rail fastening device in process is calculated from the preset address of each group of rail fastening devices and the count pulse number, and this is input to the controller 20 as address information.

As a result, the looseness discrimination data based on the deviation angle signal is output to the display unit 24 of FIG. 3 and stored in the data processing unit 25 in relation to the address of the rail fastening device. As described above, while traveling on the rail 4, the shift angle of the pressing member 1 is automatically detected for each rail fastening device, and the looseness is determined based on the shift angle, so that the worker does not have to use the conventional method. Efficient in a short time, compared with the case of distinguishing looseness by visual observation or impact sound while walking,
Moreover, the looseness inspection can be performed accurately.

Further, since a phenomenon such as a deviation (deviation angle) of the pressing member 1 from the plane position is detected relatively easily, the looseness determination accuracy is high and high-speed processing is possible.

Second Embodiment (Refer to FIGS. 6 to 10) In the second embodiment, the bolt 2 is set by the sensor unit 13.
The deflection amount (Q in FIG. 13) of the pressing member 1 which changes depending on the tightening force is detected, and the looseness of the rail fastening device is determined based on the detected deflection amount.

The sensor unit 13 receives a slit light source (for example, a laser light source) 34 for irradiating the upper surface of the pressing member 1 with slit light through the light projecting lens 33 and a light receiving lens 35 for receiving the reflected light from the pressing member 1 through the light receiving lens 35. It is composed of a part 36.

The light receiving section 36 is provided with a large number of PSDs (Positi).
on Sensitive Devise = position detecting element) 37 is constituted by a PSD array in which the light is incident, and a change in the incident position of light is taken out as a change in output as shown in FIGS.

That is, FIG. 9 shows the output state of each PSD 37 in the state of the solid line in FIG. 7 in which the tightening force of the bolt 2 is properly maintained, and the pressing member 1 is loosened as shown by the broken line in FIG.
When the amount of deflection of each PSD decreases, as shown in FIG.
The output changes. 9 and 10, O1 and O2 represent PSD outputs at the central portion of the pressing member, which has the largest deflection amount.
1> O2.

This PSD output signal is taken into the controller 40 via the analog signal processing section 38 and the A / D converter 39 shown in FIG. 8, and the comparison / determination section 41 of this controller 40, for example, the central portion of the pressing member 1. Then, the presence or absence of looseness is determined by comparing three points on both sides with preset reference values of PSD output.

The discrimination result is displayed on the display unit 42 and stored / saved in the storage unit 43 as looseness discrimination data.

In order to prevent erroneous detection due to the presence of pebbles in the center of the pressing member, more P
The SD output may be used as sampling data. In this case, when the processing time is short due to the traveling speed, the data may be temporarily stored in the storage unit 43 and the detailed processing may be performed later.

Also in the second embodiment, basically the same operational effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, since a change in the amount of bending of the pressing member 1 which directly causes a decrease in the tightening force of the bolt 2 of the rail fastening device is detected, more accurate detection can be performed.

By the way, the shift amount P in the front-rear direction of the receiving member 6 shown in FIG. 12 may be detected. Alternatively, it is possible to detect some or all of the above-described three elements of the displacement angle θ of the pressing member 1, the deflection amount Q, and the displacement amount P of the receiving member 6, and perform looseness determination as a comprehensive evaluation of these. Good.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, a carriage traveling on a rail is provided with a plurality of position sensors for detecting the positions of a plurality of measurement points in at least one fastening component constituting the rail fastening device. , The position sensor detects the position shift of the detection target parts due to the looseness of the rail fastening device, and the controller determines the presence or absence of the looseness based on this, so it is automatically detected while the truck is running. Therefore, the efficiency of detection work and the accuracy of detection can be significantly improved as compared with the conventional visual inspection method and acoustic determination method. That is, it becomes possible to perform an accurate looseness inspection in a short time with a small number of people and without requiring skill.

Further, according to the second aspect of the invention, since a phenomenon in which the deviation (deviation angle) of the pressing member from the plane position is relatively easy to detect is targeted, high-speed processing for looseness determination can be performed.

On the other hand, according to the third aspect of the invention, since the change in the amount of deflection of the pressing member, which directly causes the decrease in the tightening force of the bolt, is detected, more accurate detection can be performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a looseness detecting device according to first and second embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block configuration diagram of a looseness detection device according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block configuration diagram of a controller in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a looseness detection method according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sensor output waveform diagram in the same system.

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view for explaining a looseness detecting method by the looseness detecting device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 8 is a block configuration diagram of the same apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a sensor output diagram in a normal state in the example.

FIG. 10 is a sensor output diagram in the loosening occurrence state in the embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a front sectional view of the rail fastening device.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of the same.

13 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Presser member of rail fastening device 2 Same bolt 3 Sleeper 4 Rail 8 Truck 9 Truck wheel of truck 13 Sensor unit 14, 15, 16 Each position sensor that constitutes sensor unit 20 Controller 21 Memory unit of the same controller 22 Same deviation angle calculation unit 23 same looseness discriminating unit 24 same display unit 34 slit light source constituting the sensor unit 33 same light projecting lens 35 same light receiving lens 36 light receiving unit 37 multiple PSDs constituting the light receiving unit 40 controller 41 controller comparison discriminating unit 42 same display unit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Matsuhiro Michihiro 1-4, Mei Station, Nakamura-ku, Aichi Prefecture, Tokai Passenger Railway Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mitsuo Naoko 2-3, Niihama, Arai-cho, Takasago, Hyogo No. 1 Inside Takasago Works, Kobe Steel, Ltd. (72) Yoshiichi Mori, 2-3-1, Niihama, Niihama, Arai-machi, Takasago, Hyogo Prefecture (72) Inside Takasago Works, Kobe Steel, Ltd. (72) Yasuo Morita, Takasago, Hyogo Prefecture 2-3-1, Niihama, Arai-cho, Takasago Works, Kobe Steel, Ltd. (72) Inventor Minoru, 2-3-1, Niihama, Niihama, Arai-cho, Takasago, Hyogo Prefecture, Takasago Works, Kobe Steel, Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A trolley that travels on a rail is provided with a plurality of position sensors for detecting the positions of a plurality of measurement points in at least one fastening component that constitutes a rail fastening device, and A slack detecting device for a rail fastening device, comprising a controller that determines a deviation of each measurement point from a normal position based on a signal. 2. The rail fastening device includes a holding member for holding the rail on the sleeper by a tightening force of a bolt,
Each position sensor is configured to detect the plane positions of a plurality of measurement points of the pressing member, and the controller is configured to determine the deviation of each measurement point from the normal plane position based on the signal from each position sensor. The looseness detecting device for a rail fastening device according to claim 1, wherein 3. The rail fastening device includes a holding member for holding the rail on the sleeper by the tightening force of the bolt.
Each position sensor detects the vertical position of a plurality of measurement points set on the upper surface of the pressing member, and the controller detects the vertical position of each measurement point based on the signal from each position sensor. The looseness detection device for a rail fastening device according to claim 1, wherein the looseness detection device is configured to determine a deviation.