JP3092794B2 - Incinerator device and incineration method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator and, more particularly, to an incinerator and an incineration method for incinerating combustible waste containing a high molecular compound as a main component.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, tires, urethane, nylon,
When incinerating waste containing polymer compounds (including chlorine-based) such as FRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic) as the main component (eg, about 80%), the concentration of unburned gas generated during combustion is reduced. Since it is high, a large amount of air must be well mixed with the unburned gas and burned, and the unburned gas must be completely burned and discharged to the outside immediately before the unburned substances adhere to the inside of the incinerator.

[0003] As a device for incinerating incinerated materials containing such a high molecular compound as a main component, there is a gasifier. The gasification furnace is equipped with a gasification chamber installed on a concrete floor, a combustion chamber above it, and a chimney above it and communicating with the combustion chamber, and the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber are separated from each other. And are communicated by vertical pipes or communication passages. In the gasification chamber, air is supplied upward from a plurality of air holes in the hearth surface or inward from a plurality of air holes in the side wall, and air is supplied from the side wall in the combustion chamber. In its use, when the incineration material is placed on the hearth in the gasification chamber, it is primarily burned at a low temperature and gasified, and the gas fills the gasification chamber and flows out to the combustion chamber through the upper pipe. Then, the gas (unburned gas) is ignited by a burner in the combustion chamber to perform secondary combustion (reburning) at a high temperature, and the combustion gas is discharged from the chimney.

[0004] However, in the gasification chamber of this gasification furnace, the flame is directed upward, the burning location of the incinerated material is irregularly spread, and the incinerated material loses its load. Becomes unstable. Further, the unburned gas is heavily filled in the gasification chamber and loses heat before flowing out of the pipe, and since the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber are thermally separated through the pipe, the gasification chamber The primary combustion heat cannot be effectively used for secondary combustion in the combustion chamber. Therefore, in the combustion chamber, it is necessary to operate the burner frequently or for a long time to maintain the secondary combustion, and the fuel consumption of the burner increases. If the gasification chamber and the combustion chamber are adjacent to each other without the pipe, the generation of unburned gas is unstable, so the high-temperature flame in the combustion chamber ignites the gas mixture of unburned gas and air in the gasification chamber and explodes. There is a risk of doing.

[0005] In the gasification chamber, a part of the air holes on the hearth surface is blocked by the incineration material or the burnt handle, and the air supply becomes insufficient. It is difficult for air to reach the inside of the object, and in particular, in the incineration of the residue after the gasifiable components in the incinerated material have escaped, the necessary amount of air cannot be sufficiently supplied to the inside. Insufficiency of air supply and mixing of combustion gas and air limits the capacity of a single incineration or capacity. Further, in the gasification chamber, the gas or the flame goes upward, so that it is necessary to secure a gas combustion space and a circulation space in the upper part thereof, so that the gasification chamber cannot accommodate the incineration material to the full.

On the other hand, an incinerator that guides unburned gas in the primary combustion chamber from the bottom to the heating chamber through the lower communication passage is a registered utility model 3004711 by Mr. Noguchi who is the same as one of the present inventors.
No. 5 (issued on November 22, 1994). However, this incinerator is not suitable for incineration of incinerated materials containing a polymer compound as a main component. The incinerator includes a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber communicating with the primary combustion chamber via a lower communication passage, and a cyclone communicating with the secondary combustion chamber at an upper portion. At the lower part of the primary combustion chamber, a number of grates are provided in parallel. In the secondary combustion chamber, the gas flowing from the primary combustion chamber via the communication passages on both lower sides is heated by a burner in the narrow space of the two forced heating chambers and reburned, and the gas is cooled by a plurality of small tubes on the side wall. It flows through the holes into the lower central chamber between the two forced heating chambers, through a plurality of small holes in the ceiling into the forced heating chamber and the mixing chamber above the central chamber, and further into the cyclone.
Further, air is supplied to the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber by a blower. However, if this incinerator was used to incinerate the incinerated material mainly composed of high molecular compounds, a part of the gas would stay in each part of the secondary combustion chamber, and the unburned substances would adhere to the walls, etc. Flows through a plurality of small holes without sufficiently taking in air, resulting in insufficient secondary combustion, and is discharged from the chimney as unburned gas, polluting air or the environment.

[0007] Accordingly, there is a demand for an incinerator apparatus for efficiently and completely combusting an incinerated material containing a polymer compound as a main component.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One of the objects of the present invention is to efficiently and almost completely burn an incinerated object containing a polymer compound. Another object of the present invention is to mix the unburned gas and air efficiently to burn the primary combustion or the unburned gas almost completely. Yet another object of the present invention is to achieve near complete combustion of the incineration with high thermal efficiency and significantly reduced fuel usage. It is still another object of the present invention to suppress or prevent air and environmental pollution by harmful substances such as dioxins and chlorine-based substances, and to discharge clean smokeless gas from a chimney.

[0009]

The incinerator apparatus of the present invention comprises:
And comprising a furnace body, furthermore, the primary combustion chamber disposed adjacent the forward laterally inside the furnace body, a secondary combustion chamber and the flue gas section, provided inside the furnace body, the primary combustion chamber And a first vertical partition wall for partitioning the secondary combustion chamber portion, a second vertical partition wall for partitioning the secondary combustion chamber portion and the smoke exhaust portion, and a primary combustion formed below the first vertical partition wall. A first communication passage that allows the chamber and the lower combustion chamber in the secondary combustion chamber to communicate with each other;
Inside the multi-stage combustion chamber formed above the second vertical partition
And a second communication path that allows the upper combustion chamber and the smoke exhaust section to communicate with each other . The secondary combustion chamber portion has a plurality of vertically stacked combustion chambers composed of at least an upper combustion chamber and a lower combustion chamber, and communication between the combustion chambers that communicates between the lower combustion chamber and a combustion chamber adjacent thereto. With a mouth and plural
At least one internal space in the combustion chamber is columnar and
Both ends in the horizontal longitudinal direction are arc-shaped, and a plurality of combustion chambers
Supply air to the wall of at least one combustion chamber
Many air holes are distributed. The first communication passage is arranged eccentrically with respect to the swirl center so that the gas flowing from the primary combustion chamber swirls in the lower combustion chamber to form at least one swirl center. The communication port between the combustion chambers
Has an opening area of one-third or less of the cross-sectional area and turns
It is located away from the central axis.

In the incineration method of the present invention, in the incinerator device, a large number of air holes in the support are provided in the primary combustion chamber.
Supply the required amount of air according to the combustion state of the incinerated material
Then, in the secondary combustion chamber, the fuel flowed in from the primary combustion chamber.
The gas is passed through a number of air holes in at least one combustion chamber wall.
And mixed with air supplied through the
Raise each of the firing chambers in order from bottom to top and flow to the smoke exhaust section
Let it .

[0011]

According to the present invention, the primary combustion gas generated in the primary combustion chamber is mixed with air while being swirled at a high speed in the secondary combustion chamber and secondary-combusted, thereby achieving almost complete combustion. Can be.

[0012]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, an outline of the overall configuration of the incinerator device will be described. FIG. 2 shows a front view of the incinerator device of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the incinerator apparatus of FIG. FIG. 4 is a right side view of the incinerator apparatus of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG.
Comprises a furnace body 20, a collective exhaust section 120 and a chimney 122 and is installed on a concrete floor 140. Furnace body 2
The size of 0 is, for example, about 2.5 m in height, about 2 m in front width, and about 4.5 m in side length (length). As shown in the figure, the furnace body 20 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and is constructed of a refractory material such as a refractory brick or castable, and a heat-resistant metal plate (eg, an iron plate) is provided on an outer surface (outer shell) of the refractory material. The joint portion of the heat-resistant metal plate is reinforced with an angle material as is well known (not shown). The furnace body 20 is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, and may be formed in a cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, or the like.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, inside a furnace main body 20 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a gasification chamber 30, which is a primary combustion chamber, and a secondary combustion chamber, which are partitioned by vertical partition walls 28, 58. Certain multi-stage or multi-stage combustion chambers 40 and inside the furnace body
Cyclone dust incinerator 60 which constitutes the flue gas section of the is provided adjacent to the transverse direction in order. Between the gasification chamber 30, the multi-stage combustion chamber 40 and the cyclone dust incinerator 60,
They communicate with each other via a lower first communication path 22 and an upper second communication path 24 in the horizontal direction formed on the partition walls.

A plurality of rows of ridges 32, 3 of the gasification chamber 30
Numeral 2 'supports the incineration material and supplies air from a large number of air holes 34 on the side surfaces to promote the primary combustion of the incineration material. In the combustion process, primary combustion gas or unburned gas is generated. The multi-stage combustion chamber section 40 includes combustion chambers 42, 44, 46
Are stacked in three stages from bottom to top. The combustion chambers 42, 44, 46 adjacent to each other communicate with each other via communication passages or communication ports 50, 52 in a substantially vertical direction.
The communication passages 50 and 52 have horizontal sections and openings for the upper and lower combustion chambers.
Are smaller in area than the horizontal cross section, and are generally arranged on a vertical central axis passing through each combustion chamber. As will be described in detail later, the combustion chambers 42, 44, 46 and the communication passages 50, 5
The horizontal cross section of 2 has an arc shape at both ends in the horizontal longitudinal direction, and is preferably substantially elliptical or oval (including a shape obtained by adding a semicircle to opposing ends of a rectangle). With such a configuration of the multi-stage combustion chamber portion 40, the unburned gas flowing from the gas chamber 30 through the communication passage 22 is supplied from the air hole 48 while rotating inside each combustion chamber for a certain time and turning. It mixes with air and burns sufficiently as it gradually rises between the combustion chambers from the lower stage to the upper stage. The combustion gas flowing out of the upper combustion chamber 46 is further burned while removing dust in the cyclone chamber, and the almost completely burned clean gas is discharged from the chimney 122.

In addition, the incinerator main body 20 has an inlet 90 for an incineration object having an opening / closing or sliding door, an inspection opening 92 having an opening / closing door for inspecting the inside of the gasification chamber 30, and a gasification chamber. Ash outlet 94 and cyclone dust incinerator 60
A dust outlet 64 and an ash outlet 96 having an openable door on its side are provided. The chimney 122 has a measurement port 1.
18 are provided.

Next, the configuration of the gasification chamber will be described. 5 is a cross section taken along line VV of FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a cross section taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a cross section taken along line VII-VII of FIG. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 5 to 7, on the lower hearth 26 in the gasification chamber 30, a combustion space is formed in the lower part, and the incinerated material is burned from below. Three rows of ridges 3 for supporting and supplying air to support incineration and supply air to the lower part
2, 32 'are provided substantially in parallel. Ridges 32,
On the side of 32 ', a number of air holes or air nozzles 34 are provided.
Are arranged in two rows vertically. The air hole 34 is formed by a ridge 3 made of a refractory material such as a refractory brick or castable.
2, 32 'is formed of a refractory metal pipe (eg, iron) so as to extend from the inside to the side. The diameter of the opening on the side surface of the air hole 34 is, for example, about 16 mm. Referring also to FIG. 4, the gas supply system of the gasification chamber 30 includes a blower or blower 100, an external air chamber 102, an air supply pipe (pipe) 104 having a valve 106, the bottom of the furnace body 20, that is, the gasification chamber 40. Inside a cuboid (slit) -shaped ridge extending from the inside of the ridges 32 and 32 'to below the height of the hearth, the air supply passage 36 for the gasification chamber provided below the hearth 26 5 and 12 to 14 to supply air to the gasification chamber as shown by the dashed arrows in FIGS.

When the incinerator is used, the incinerator is placed on the ridges 32, 32 'and then a burner (not shown) inserted into the ignition port 70 toward the lower part of the incinerator. ) Ignites the incineration by emitting a flame. Since air is ejected in a substantially horizontal direction from the side surface of the ridge, the incinerated material gradually decreases in volume while burning from below, and becomes a gasifiable component (mainly a component of a high molecular compound) with the combustion. ) Is gasified to produce heavy high concentration unburned gas. Combustion that produces unburned gas in the gasification chamber is called primary combustion. The combustion gas or flame from the primary combustion flows smoothly into the first communication passage 22 at a short distance through the space between the ridges 32, 32 '.

The effective reach of air exiting from the air holes 34 is about 1 m at the maximum. In the embodiment of the present invention, the width (FIG. 5) in the gasification chamber is less than 2 meters, and the ridges 3 are provided to supply sufficient air to the entire lower part of the incineration object.
Another row of ridges 32 was provided between 2 '. By providing the three rows of ridges 32, 32 ', particularly the intermediate ridges 32, it is possible to supply a necessary amount of air according to the combustion process to the combustion position below the incineration material. . As will be described later, by increasing the amount of air injected from the plurality of air holes 34 in the latter half of the incineration process, gasification combustion of the incineration object and combustion of the residue after gasification are properly and efficiently performed. I can do it. The intermediate ridges 32 may be provided in two or more rows according to the size of the bottom of the gasification chamber.

The partition wall 28 for partitioning the gasification chamber 30 and the multi-stage combustion chamber section 40 is made of a refractory material such as a refractory brick or castable. As shown in FIG. 1, a sectional shape is formed at the lower center of the partition wall. A rectangular (FIG. 8) horizontal first communication path 22 is provided. The gasification chamber 30 is connected to the communication passage 22.
Through the lower combustion chamber 42.

Next, the configuration of the multi-stage combustion chamber section 40 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 6, 7 and 11, the multi-stage combustion chamber 4
0 comprises a first combustion chamber or lower combustion chamber 42, a second combustion chamber or middle combustion chamber 44 and a third combustion chamber or upper combustion chamber 46. Each space in the combustion chambers 42, 44, and 46 has an end in the horizontal longitudinal direction in the horizontal direction when viewed from the front of the furnace body 20, and has a columnar or cylindrical shape having an arc shape in a plan view. Preferably, the horizontal cross-section of each combustion chamber is generally oval or elliptical and of approximately or substantially the same dimensions. The upper, middle, and lower combustion chambers 42, 44, 46 communicate with vertically (vertical) adjacent chambers through communication paths 50, 52 that are substantially vertical. Like the combustion chambers 42, 44, 46, the communication passages 50, 52 are also generally oval or elliptical columnar or cylindrical, and the longitudinal direction of the horizontal cross section is also substantially horizontal. The communication passages 50 and 52 may be communication ports formed between the upper and lower combustion chambers by a thick refractory metal plate and formed substantially at the center thereof. The communication passages 50 and 52 have an opening and an area of the horizontal cross section smaller than the horizontal cross section of each combustion chamber, are shorter in the vertical direction than each combustion chamber, and are generally arranged on the vertical central axis of each combustion chamber. ing. The area ratio is theoretically smaller than one-half, preferably one-third or less, or one-fourth or less, for example about 1/8 to about 1/12.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7 to 9, the air supply system for each combustion chamber 42, 44, 46 includes a blower 10.
0, an external air chamber 102, an air supply pipe 108 having a valve 110, and an air supply passage 82 for a multistage combustion chamber portion extending in three directions communicating with each other and provided at the bottom of the furnace body 20, that is, below the lower combustion chamber 42. , A multi-stage combustion chamber section, and a plurality of air holes or air nozzles 48 having openings in the surrounding wall surface in each combustion chamber and being distributed and arranged. Thus, air is supplied into each combustion chamber as shown by broken arrows in FIGS.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 1. As shown in the drawing, the partition wall 28 is provided with an air supply passage 82 at the bottom thereof, and branches off upward from the air supply passage 82. A number of air supply branch passages 80 are provided, and air holes 48 further branched from the air supply branch passage 80 form combustion chambers 42, 44, 46.
Is provided in a form having an opening in the inner wall of the. Although not shown, the air supply passage 82, the air supply branch passage 80, and the air hole 48 are provided in the same manner on the partition wall 58 on the opposite side. As shown in FIG. 9 which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX in FIG. 1, the openings of the air holes 48 are dispersedly arranged on inner walls around the combustion chambers 42, 44, 46. The air hole 48 is formed of a refractory metal pipe, and its opening diameter is, for example, about 6 mm.

At the side of the lower combustion chamber 42, auxiliary burner insertion ports 72 and 72 'are provided, and an auxiliary burner 86 is provided.
(FIG. 3) is inserted. The auxiliary burner insertion port 72 also functions as an ash outlet.

Since the narrow communication passages 50 and 52 are interposed between the combustion chambers as described above, the unburned gas stays in the combustion chambers 42, 44 and 46 for a relatively long time, and the gas to the combustion chambers Due to the inflow in the predetermined direction and the outflow of the gas from each combustion chamber in the predetermined direction, the gas mixes with the air while rotating at a high speed and burns, and gradually flows out to the upper combustion chamber to almost completely burn. Therefore, the heat in the combustion chambers 42, 44, and 46 is efficiently stored in each of the small combustion chambers, and the combustion chambers are thermally separated to some extent.
Can be ignited in a short time, and the overall operation time of the auxiliary burner 86 can be shortened.

As described above, each of the combustion chambers 42, 44 and 46 has a substantially longitudinal elliptical cylinder in the horizontal longitudinal direction, so that a gas containing components in the horizontal and vertical directions (from right to left in FIG. 1) is provided at the center of the space of the combustion chamber. , The two left and right turning centers and the turning center which are opposite to each other are formed. As shown by solid arrows in FIGS. 13 and 14, the gas flowing in directions eccentric to the center of rotation in plan view, respectively, diverges in two left and right directions, turns at high speed in two directions, and does not stay. . FIG.
As shown in FIG. 14, the gas in each combustion chamber is efficiently mixed with the air supplied from the air holes 48 during the swirling, the secondary combustion is continued by the heat of combustion, and the gas flows through the upper communication port. leak. Communication passages 50, 52 and a horizontal second
Is also arranged eccentrically with respect to the center of rotation, so that gas flowing out therefrom also promotes the above-mentioned rotation.

A temperature sensor or a temperature detector 54 is provided at a side portion in the middle combustion chamber 44. According to the detected temperature, a valve 106, a proportional controller (not shown) is used.
The air supply amount and the operation of the auxiliary burner 86 are controlled by 110 to keep the combustion chamber in a predetermined temperature range of about 800 to about 1000 ° C., thereby suppressing the emission of harmful gases such as dioxin and carbon monoxide. . If this temperature control is not performed, harmful gases may be discharged. As the proportional control device, for example, commercially available modular motors M604C, M904FE, and M931 manufactured by Yamatake Honeywell Co., Ltd. are used.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, a neutralizing agent injection nozzle insertion port 74 is provided on one side of the lower combustion chamber 42. For example, a neutralizing agent such as calcium carbonate for neutralizing chlorine-based exhaust gas is injected from a neutralizing agent injection nozzle 88 of the neutralizing agent injector inserted therein. Instead of this configuration, a neutralizing agent injection nozzle may be provided at or near the second communication port 24 after the upper combustion chamber 46.

In another embodiment, each combustion chamber 42, 4
The horizontal cross-sectional shapes of the combustion chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 4 in FIG.
As shown as 6 ', the shape may be a shape in which two substantially cylindrical or elliptical cylinders each having a center point at two pivot centers are connected laterally, or a shape in which the center of the combustion chamber is narrowed or narrowed. In another embodiment, the shapes of the communication passages 50 and 51 are as shown in FIG.
As shown as 1 ', the lower opening of the combustion chamber is located on the gasification chamber 30 side (front side of the front view in FIG. 2), and the upper opening of the combustion chamber is located on the cyclone dust incinerator 60. When the cylinder is moved to the side (rear side in the front view of FIG. 2) and the columnar communication path is inclined, a component of a horizontal flow that promotes swirling of gas flowing into or out of the combustion chamber increases. The swirling of the gas in the combustion chambers 42, 44, 46 becomes faster.

The first communication passage 22 is disposed at the center of the lower part of the partition wall 28 so that the gas flows into the two left and right turning centers of the gas flow in the lower combustion chamber 42 in a direction eccentric in plan view. Have been. The width of the first communication passage 22 is narrowed so that gas flows between the two swirling centers in the lower combustion chamber 42 and swirls efficiently. Its width is substantially equal to the width of the ridges 32 in the central row of the three rows, and theoretically the width in the space longitudinal direction in the lower combustion chamber 42 (or the inner wall of the partition wall 28 on the gasification chamber side). Less than one-half, and preferably about one-third or about one-third to about one-sixth of that width. The height of the top of the first communication passage 22 is set so that the primary combustion gas flows smoothly from the space between the protrusions 32 and 32 ′ to the first communication passage 22.
Preferably, the height of the top of 2, 32 'is substantially the same. If the height of the ridge is too low, a necessary combustion space cannot be secured. On the other hand, if the height of the ridges 32, 32 'is too high, the amount of incineration that can be accommodated in the gasification chamber decreases.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 7, 11 and 14,
The upper combustion chamber 46 communicates with a cyclone dust incinerator 60 composed of two cyclones via two second communication passages 24 formed near the upper center of the partition wall 58. The communication passage 24 is open toward a position eccentric from the center position of the cyclone 62 in plan view so that the gas flow from the upper combustion chamber 46 generates a vortex in the cyclone 62. The combustion gas in the upper combustion chamber 46 flows into the second communication port 24 from a position between the two turning centers that are eccentric in plan view with respect to the two turning centers in the chamber.
The swirling of gas in the direction of the solid arrow is promoted in the upper combustion chamber 46 (FIG. 14).

Next, the structure of the smoke exhaust section will be described. In FIG. 1 , a cyclone dust-collecting and burning furnace 60 constituting a smoke exhaust section inside the furnace body and a collecting exhaust section 120 constituting an external smoke exhaust section.
A and chimney 122 constitutes a flue gas unit 150.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 6, 7, and 11, the cyclone dust-collecting and burning furnace 60 includes a plurality or two of cyclones 62. A dust reservoir 64 is provided at the lower end of the cyclone 62, and an ash outlet 96 having an open / close door communicating with the dust reservoir 64 is formed on one side wall of the cyclone 62.
The combustion gas flowing from the communication passage 24 flows into the two cyclones 62, and the dust mixed in the combustion gas is removed while rotating at a high speed in the cyclone. It is exhausted upward. Cyclone 62
On the top, there is provided a collective exhaust part 120 communicating therewith, and a chimney 122 communicating thereabove.

Referring to FIG. 1, the gas inducing section 130 is provided in the collecting and exhausting section 120 so that the end opening of the ejector 1 is directed upward.
16 and a blower 112 communicating with an ejector 116 via a pipe 114. The exhaust pressure discharged from the ejector 116 causes the multi-stage combustion chamber 40, the cyclone 62, and the
And the combustion gas is efficiently discharged from the chimney 122.

Next, the operation and operation of the incinerator device 10 in use will be described. First, the input port 90 shown in FIG.
, And the incinerated material mainly composed of a high molecular compound such as a tire is placed on the ridges 32, 32 'for both support and air supply as shown in FIG. The lateral dimension of the incineration material must be at least equal to the row spacing of the ridges 32, 32 '. Alternatively, the objects to be incinerated may be pre-solidified or packaged so as to be of such size and not fall apart during combustion.

Next, the auxiliary burner 86 in the auxiliary burner insertion ports 72 and 72 'is ignited to raise the temperature of the lower combustion chamber 42 to about 400 ° C. or more in advance, and the unburned gas flowing from the gasification chamber 30 Continue to operate the burner until ignition occurs. Next, an ignition burner (not shown) is inserted into the ignition port 70 of the gasification chamber to ignite, and relatively small amount suitable for gasification combustion (primary combustion) is obtained from the air holes 34 of the ridges 32, 32 '. A quantity of air is supplied to the gasification chamber. When the flame is radiated for about 3 minutes by the ignition burner in the gasification chamber, the primary combustion is continued by the heat generated at the time of combustion by appropriate air supply from the air holes 34. A suitable combustion temperature for gasification combustion is about 500 ° C. If the temperature has risen too much, the amount of air supplied may be reduced by the valve 106 to lower it. Next, the operation of the blower 112 of the gas induction unit 130 is started, and the collective exhaust unit 1 is started.
Air is ejected from the ejector 116 in the direction 20 toward the chimney 122, and this is continued until the end of the incineration process.

The primary combustion gas that has flowed into the lower combustion chamber 42 has good thermal efficiency structurally, so it is ignited only about 5 minutes after the ignition of the auxiliary burner 86 to perform secondary combustion. The next combustion continues. Thereafter, the ignition burner is removed, and the door of the ignition port 50 is closed. After that, the temperature in the multi-stage combustion chamber section 40 rises to about 1200 ° C. Therefore, the valves 106 and 110 are adjusted by the proportional control device to reduce the amount of air supply, and the temperature is set to about 800 to about 1000 ° C. Control.

During the incineration process of the incinerator device 10, the flow and combustion of the gas from the gasification chamber 30 to the cyclone dust incineration section 60 via the multi-stage combustion chamber section 40 are stabilized by the exhaust pressure of the ejector 116. Further, the primary combustion gas generated in the gasification chamber 30 mixes with the air while swirling in the multi-stage combustion chamber section 40 and rises while performing secondary combustion, and passes through the cyclone dust incineration section 60 to substantially complete combustion. The chimney 12
Exhausted from 2.

For example, when the time from the start to the end of the incineration is about 5 hours, the gasification combustion of the polymer compound is dominant in the gasification chamber for the first about 3 hours. During this time,
Since the multi-stage combustion chamber section 40 receives the heat of gasification combustion from a lower portion of the gasification chamber 30 over a short distance, the temperature can be maintained high, and the auxiliary burner does not operate. In the gasification furnace 30, the lower part of the incineration material burns intensively, and the primary combustion gas immediately flows into the first communication furnace 22, so that the gasification chamber is not filled with the mixed gas of the primary combustion gas and air. Even if the auxiliary burner is operated in the vicinity of the first communication port, there is no danger that the flame ignites the entire gasification chamber and explodes.

In the remaining two hours, as the concentration of the primary combustion gas gradually decreases, the temperature of the multistage combustion chamber begins to decrease. Then, the auxiliary burner frequently repeats ignition and stop to maintain the temperature of the multi-stage combustion chamber section 40 within a predetermined range. Next, the lower combustion chamber 42
As the inflow of primary combustion gases into the furnace decreases, the fire of the auxiliary burner ignites the gasification chamber and the residue after gasification combustion of the gasifiable components of the incineration in the gasification chamber 30. Begins to burn. In this combustion process, non-gasification combustion of the residue becomes dominant. The combustion temperature of the residue is approximately 700 ° C. In the embodiment of the present invention, during the non-gasification combustion stage of the residue, the valve 106 is adjusted to supply a relatively large amount of air required for complete combustion of the residue from the air hole 34 to the gasification chamber. To supply. By changing the amount of air supply from the air holes 34 according to the combustion process (state),
Both the gasification combustion process (process) and the residue incineration process (process) can be performed efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an incinerator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the incinerator apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the incinerator device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the incinerator device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG. 1;

10 (a) and 10 (b) are partial cross-sectional views showing another embodiment of the combustion chamber and the vertical communication path between the combustion chambers corresponding to FIG. 7, respectively.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an arrangement relationship between a multi-stage combustion chamber and a cyclone according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a flow of a combustion gas in FIG. 1;

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a flow of a combustion gas in FIG. 6;

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a flow of a combustion gas in FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Incinerator apparatus 20 Furnace main body 22 1st communication path 28, 58 Partition wall 24 2nd communication path 30 Gasification chamber 32 Protrusion 40 Multistage combustion chamber part 42, 44, 46 Combustion chamber 50, 52 Communication path 60 Cyclone incineration dust collector 150 Smoke exhaust section

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-54-142875 (JP, A) JP-A-49-57674 (JP, A) JP-A-52-137582 (JP, U) Registered utility model 3019542 ( (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F23G 5/14-5/16 F23G 5/44 F23G 5/00 119

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A furnace body , further comprising a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, and a smoke exhaust section which are laterally and adjacently arranged inside the furnace body, and provided inside the furnace body. A first vertical partition wall that partitions the primary combustion chamber portion and the secondary combustion chamber portion, and a second vertical partition wall that partitions the secondary combustion chamber portion and the smoke exhaust portion; A first communication passage formed at a lower portion of the vertical partition wall for communicating the primary combustion chamber portion and a lower combustion chamber in the secondary combustion chamber portion with each other; and an upper portion of the second vertical partition wall. Formed secondary combustion
The upper combustion chamber in the chamber and the smoke exhaust section are communicated with each other.
An incinerator apparatus comprising: a plurality of combustion chambers including at least the upper and lower combustion chambers vertically stacked; and the lower combustion chamber. And a communication port between combustion chambers that communicates between the combustion chambers and a combustion chamber adjacent thereto, wherein at least one internal space among the plurality of combustion chambers includes:
It has a columnar shape and both ends in the horizontal longitudinal direction are arcuate.
The wall of at least one of the plurality of combustion chambers
Has a large number of air holes distributed to supply air
Cage, wherein the first communication path such that the gas flowing from the primary combustion chamber to form at least one pivot to pivot in the combustion chamber of the lower stage are arranged in a direction eccentric to its pivot center and it has the combustion chamber communication port, the interior space of said plurality of combustion chambers
Has an opening area of one-third or less of the area of the horizontal cross section, and
An incinerator device, which is located at a position distant from the axis of the turning center . 2. The primary combustion chamber portion is provided with at least three rows of ridges having a plurality of air holes on a side surface for directly supporting an incineration object and supplying air. The incinerator device according to claim 1. 3. A temperature detecting means is provided in one of the plurality of combustion chambers, and a burner which can be controlled in accordance with the detection of the temperature detecting means is provided in the lower combustion chamber. The incinerator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a neutralizing agent supply means is provided in at least one of the plurality of combustion chambers. 4. A furnace main body , further comprising : a primary combustion chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, and a smoke exhaust section which are horizontally and adjacently arranged inside the furnace main body, and provided inside the furnace main body. A first vertical partition wall that partitions the primary combustion chamber portion and the secondary combustion chamber portion, and a second vertical partition wall that partitions the secondary combustion chamber portion and the smoke exhaust portion; A first communication passage formed at a lower portion of the vertical partition wall for communicating the primary combustion chamber portion and a lower combustion chamber in the secondary combustion chamber portion with each other; and an upper portion of the second vertical partition wall. Formed secondary combustion
The upper combustion chamber in the chamber and the smoke exhaust section are communicated with each other.
And a second communication passage for supporting an incinerated material in the primary combustion chamber and having a large number of air holes.
The secondary combustion chamber portion includes a plurality of combustion chambers including at least the upper and lower combustion chambers vertically stacked, the lower combustion chamber and a combustion chamber adjacent thereto. comprising a combustion chamber communication port that communicated so <br/> between chambers, at least one of the inner space of the plurality of combustion chambers,
It has a columnar shape and both ends in the horizontal longitudinal direction are arcuate.
The wall of at least one of the plurality of combustion chambers
Has a large number of air holes distributed to supply air
And the gas flowing from the primary combustion chamber portion is supplied to the lower combustion chamber.
To pivot within to form at least one pivot point
The first communication path is eccentric with respect to the center of rotation.
And the communication port between the combustion chambers is provided in the internal space of the plurality of combustion chambers.
Has an opening area of one-third or less of the area of the horizontal cross section, and
In the incinerator device, which is located at a position distant from the axis of the center of rotation, in the primary combustion chamber portion, the plurality of empty spaces of the support are provided.
The required amount of air is supplied from the pores according to the combustion state of the incinerated material.
Supply and inflow from the primary combustion chamber in the secondary combustion chamber
Supplied gas through the large number of air holes in the wall surface
Mixed with air and burned, and each of the plurality of combustion chambers
Up from the bottom up and out to the smoke exhaust section
Incineration method of Rukoto, the features.