JP3087470B2 - Abnormal diagnostic device for rotating equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cantilever type rotating device in which an impeller is supported in a cantilevered state by two bearings, and a driving source is connected to the rotating shaft via a coupling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of judging an abnormality in the maintenance of a blower, a state of a running bearing is measured using a stethoscope or a vibration measuring instrument, and an abnormality is detected and a cause of the abnormality is judged by an operator. Estimation etc. are performed.

[0003] In the above-mentioned method using a stethoscope, while a person listens to the state of the bearing with his ears, an abnormality is determined from the type of sound, the level of the sound, and the like. In the method using a vibration measuring device, three directions of vertical, horizontal and axial directions of each bearing housing are measured, and an expert judges the abnormality based on the amount of vibration.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned prior art, in the case of using a stethoscope, skill is required for the judgment, so that a great deal of time and experience is required to acquire the technique, and furthermore, the contents of the judgment require Individual differences occur depending on the level of skill. In addition, when using a vibration measuring instrument, in order to secure regular operation on a regular basis, there is a problem that it is not possible to discover abnormalities of equipment without regular inspection of equipment by skilled personnel, which leads to cost increase and inspection. There is a problem that if an abnormality occurs at a time other than the normal time, the response is delayed.

To solve such a problem, there is a method of monitoring a vibration state by mounting a vibration sensor on the bearing housing. However, in order to estimate the cause of the abnormality when an abnormality occurs, the vertical, horizontal, horizontal It is necessary to measure vibrations in three axial directions and to use sophisticated equipment such as FFT and bandpass filters to perform advanced data analysis such as spectrum analysis. is not.

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for diagnosing abnormality of a rotating device which can automatically detect an abnormality of the rotating device with a simple configuration.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rotating shaft of an impeller supported in a cantilever manner by two bearings, and a driving source connected to the rotating shaft via a coupling. In the single-suction type rotary device, the bearings are mounted on the housing of each bearing horizontally and vertically.
And a vibration sensor that detects vibration in the axial direction,
An amplifier for amplifying the output signal of each of these vibration sensors and an abnormality diagnosis unit for diagnosing an abnormality and determining the cause of the abnormality based on the output signal of the amplifier are provided.

The abnormality diagnosis is performed by comparing the mutual increase / decrease state of the vibration amount in the three directions with the abnormality pattern stored in the storage device, and determining the cause of the abnormality. The decision is made.

[0009]

According to the above-described means, the amount of vibration in each of the three horizontal, vertical, and axial directions of the two bearings that support the rotating shaft that increases in response to an impeller imbalance or the like is detected by the vibration sensor. Abnormality diagnosis and determination of the cause of the abnormality are performed based on the detected value. Therefore, the abnormality diagnosis can be automatically performed without using manual operation without using an expensive FFT or a band pass filter, and the reliability can be improved.

In the abnormality diagnosis, in the case of a balance abnormality or the like, the bearing appears as an increase or decrease in the amount of vibration in three directions of horizontal, vertical and axial directions, and this situation is compared with an abnormal pattern stored in a storage device in advance. An abnormality is determined by the comparison. Therefore, abnormality diagnosis can be performed with a simple configuration without requiring skill or the like.

[0011]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an apparatus for diagnosing abnormality of a rotating device according to the present invention and a rotating device applied thereto.

A motor 2 as a driving source is installed on a gantry 1, and a rotating shaft 4 of the motor 2 is mounted on a rotating shaft via a coupling 3. The rotating shaft 4 is supported by housings 5 and 6 erected on the gantry 1, and an impeller 7 is attached to the other end in a cantilevered state. Each of the housings 5, 6 is provided with a vibration sensor 8 for detecting vibrations generated in the bearings in the horizontal, vertical and axial directions. Each of the vibration sensors 8 is connected to a signal amplifier 9 for amplifying each output signal, and to this signal amplifier 9 is connected an abnormality diagnosis unit 10 for diagnosing an abnormality based on each sensor output. ing.

In FIG. 1, when the motor 2 rotates,
The driving force is transmitted to the rotating shaft 4 via the coupling 3, and the impeller 7 rotates together with the rotating shaft 4. By this rotation, the vibrations of the rotating shaft 4 are transmitted to the housings 5 and 6, and the vibrations in the horizontal, vertical and axial directions are detected by the vibration sensors 8, respectively.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing details of the abnormality diagnosis section 10. As shown in FIG. A data converter 11 is connected to convert each output signal of the signal amplifier 9 into a numerical value of a vibration amount. Further, an abnormal pattern for comparison with the measured value is stored in the storage device 12. A logic circuit unit 13 is provided for comparing the output signal of the data converter 11 with the data stored in the storage device 12 to extract the cause of the abnormality, and the result of the determination is output to the output unit 14.

In the above configuration, when the components of the rotating device are deteriorated or damaged, the balance of the rotating body is slightly changed, causing abnormal vibration of the bearing. For example, when the balance of the impeller 7 is abnormal, the vibration of the bearing in each of the horizontal and vertical directions appears more remarkably than other parts. In particular, the deviation of the axial center appears more remarkably in the axial direction than in the horizontal and vertical directions. Therefore, the cause of the abnormality can be determined by examining the relationship between the vibration generation states between the measurement sites in the vibration generation state. For this purpose, the vibration state is detected by the vibration sensor 8, the abnormality is determined by comparing the pattern stored in the storage device 12 with the logic circuit unit 13, the result is output to the output unit 14, and a printout or Display on the display device.

Next, the results of applying the present invention to a blower used in a nuclear power plant will be described.

Here, as abnormal items, six points of imbalance, misalignment, bearing damage, surging, installation abnormality, and backlash are performed, and the vibration state is detected by the vibration sensor 8. The matrix diagram shown in FIG. 3 is set as a table in the storage device 12,
Eight types of vibration conditions correspond to the six types of abnormal items, and abnormality diagnosis is performed by collating with the output contents of the data converter 11. (Here, +, ++,
− Indicates the degree of the relationship between the vibration amount and the abnormal item).

In the above embodiment, one vibration sensor is provided in each of the horizontal, vertical, and axial directions. However, a sensor capable of detecting one in three axial directions may be used. Further, in the above embodiment, one set of abnormality diagnosis device is used for one impeller. However, a signal amplifier 9 and abnormality diagnosis unit 10 can be shared by adding a switching circuit.

In the above-described embodiment, the vibration sensor is always in the operating state. However, the vibration sensor may be obtained periodically.

[0020]

Since the present invention is constituted as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the rotary shaft of the impeller is supported in a cantilever state by two bearings, and a drive source is connected to the rotary shaft via a coupling. Each of the axes
Bearing housing with its bearings horizontal, vertical and axial
A vibration sensor that detects vibration of the vibration sensor, an amplifier that amplifies an output signal of each of the vibration sensors, and an abnormality diagnosis unit that diagnoses an abnormality and determines the cause of the abnormality based on the output signal of the amplifier. Expensive F
Abnormality diagnosis can be automatically performed without using an FT or a band pass filter, and reliability can be improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the abnormality diagnosing section compares the mutual increase / decrease of the vibration amount in the three directions with an abnormality pattern stored in a storage device. And the cause of the abnormality are determined, the abnormality can be diagnosed with a simple configuration without manual operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a rotating device abnormality diagnosis device according to the present invention and a rotating device to which the device is applied;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing details of an abnormality diagnosis unit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a matrix diagram showing eight types of vibration states for six types of abnormal items.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 base 2 motor 3 coupling 4 rotating shaft 5, 6 housing 7 impeller 8 vibration sensor 9 signal amplifier 10 abnormality diagnosis unit 11 data converter 12 storage device 13 logic circuit unit 14 output unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-300618 (JP, A) JP-A-60-40924 (JP, A) JP-A 63-7330 (JP, U) (58) Investigation Field (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01M 19/00 G01H 17/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A supported in a cantilever state rotary shaft by two bearings of the impeller, the rotating device of single-suction-type of connecting the drive source via the coupling to the rotary shaft, before
Note that each bearing housing has its horizontal, vertical and vertical
A vibration sensor for detecting vibration in the axial direction is mounted, an amplifier for amplifying the output signal of each of these vibration sensors, and an abnormality diagnosis unit for diagnosing abnormality and determining the cause of the abnormality based on the output signal of the amplifier are provided. An apparatus for diagnosing abnormalities of rotating equipment. 2. The abnormality diagnosis unit according to claim 1, wherein the abnormality diagnosis unit determines the abnormality and determines the cause of the abnormality by comparing a mutual increase / decrease state of the vibration amount in the three directions with an abnormality pattern stored in a storage device. The abnormality diagnosis device for a rotating device according to claim 1, wherein