JP3084479B2 - Moving agricultural machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mobile agricultural machine such as a combine or tillage tractor or a field management vehicle for continuously cutting and threshing grain culms in a field.

[0002]

Conventionally, harvesting is performed while a combine equipped with left and right traveling crawlers is moved along an uncut culm row in a field, and the combine is directed in a field headland. It was shifted and moved to the unprocessed grain culm row of the next process, but the right and left traveling output of the transmission case that transmits the engine output at a variable speed is transmitted to the left and right traveling crawler via the left and right side clutch, and the left and right side clutch is disconnected By temporarily stopping and turning one of the left and right traveling crawlers by the operation, the operator needs to perform both the left and right side clutch operation and the traveling speed change operation substantially at the same time, and also changes the direction at the headland on the field There is a problem that the turning radius at the time becomes large.

Therefore, by providing left and right hydraulic continuously variable transmissions for separately transmitting the power of the engine and driving the left and right traveling crawlers, deceleration during turning and a reduction in turning radius can be easily performed, but straight running performance is reduced. There is a problem that the steering operation for moving along the uncut culm row is troublesome.

Further, a single hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism for transmitting the engine power to the left and right traveling crawlers and a hydraulic continuously variable steering mechanism for decelerating the traveling crawlers inside the turning and increasing the speed of the traveling crawlers outside the turning are provided. By providing this, the straight running performance can be maintained satisfactorily, and the turning radius can be easily reduced.However, the turning radius is increased by increasing the traveling speed, or the turning radius is decreased by decreasing the traveling speed. In order to obtain a steering feeling that keeps the turning radius substantially constant irrespective of the traveling speed as in a four-wheeled vehicle, for example, during a traveling shift operation, the operator must adjust the steering operation amount according to a change in the traveling speed. It needs to be changed intuitively,
There is a problem in handling such that it is easy to separate from an uncut culm row, uncultivated land, or a crop ridge by running meandering during farm work performed by straight traveling. In particular, when a round steering wheel is provided, the steering performance can be improved while maintaining a constant traveling speed, as compared with a steering structure having left and right side clutches and left and right side clutch levers. It is not easy to perform steering with the feeling of driving a four-wheeled vehicle, it is not easy to improve driving operability such as traveling shift operation and steering operation and improvement of steering function, etc. Problems such as simplification of the speed change mechanism that changes the drive speed, and the steering mechanism that changes the difference between the drive speeds of the right and left traveling crawlers, improvement of assemblability, improvement of operation reliability, and labor saving of adjustment maintenance cannot be easily achieved There is.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems] However, the present invention is traveling
Forming a continuously variable transmission mechanism for shifting and a continuously variable transmission mechanism for turning
A hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor are provided.
Engine and the auxiliary transmission mechanism and the left
Right and left to the continuously variable transmission mechanism for traveling speed change via right planetary gear mechanism
Connect the traveling crawlers and drive at the same rotation speed in the same direction
While traveling straight, the left and right planetary gear mechanisms are
The left and right crawlers in the opposite direction.
In a mobile agricultural machine driven and turned in the direction
Place the handle shaft on which the dollar is provided on the top of the steering column.
The steering input shaft connected to the handle shaft.
Extend vertically in the aligning column, and
The transmission input shaft is supported substantially horizontally on the side of the
The fulcrum shaft to be supported on the speed change input shaft is connected to the steering input shaft via a joint.
And a speed change lever is connected to the speed change input shaft.
And rotate around the steering input axis by the steering handle.
And rotate it around the gearshift input shaft with the gearshift lever.
And an input member is provided on the fulcrum shaft.
Via input and output connections and steering couplings
Shift input and output by connecting the steering output member to the input member
Speed change to the input member via the connecting portion and the speed change coupling member
The output member is connected, and the shifting and steering operation shaft is shifted as described above.
And a steering output member for controlling the output of the hydraulic pump.
The steering operation shaft is connected to the control shaft, so that it is possible to easily change the traveling speed of the agricultural work, modify the course of the aircraft along the crop row, and the like.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is an overall side view of the combine, Fig. 2
Is a plan view of the same, in which (1) is a track frame on which a pair of left and right traveling crawlers (2) are mounted, (3) is a machine frame installed on the track frame (1), and (4) is a feed chain. A threshing unit which stretches (5) to the left and incorporates a handling cylinder (6) and a processing cylinder (7), and (8) a cutting unit provided with a cutting blade (9) and a grain culm transport mechanism (10). , (11) are hydraulic cylinders for raising and lowering the cutting unit (8) via the cutting frame (12), (13) is a straw processing unit facing the end of the straw chain (14), and (15) is a threshing unit ( A grain tank that carries the grains from 4) through a frying cylinder (16), (1
7) a discharge auger for carrying out the grains of the tank (15) out of the machine, (18) a driver's cab provided with a round steering handle (19) and a driver's seat (20), and (21) a driver's seat (2
0) An engine provided below, configured to continuously cut and thresh grain culms.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a transmission case (22) for driving the traveling crawler (2) includes a pair of a first hydraulic pump (23) and a first hydraulic motor (24).
And a pair of a second hydraulic pump (26) and a second hydraulic motor (27) for forming a hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism for traveling main transmission. A steering member (28) forming a continuously variable transmission mechanism; and an input shaft (29a) (29b) of the first and second hydraulic pumps (23) (26) on an output shaft (21a) of the engine (21). )
Are connected by transmission belts (30a) (30b),
The hydraulic pumps (23) and (26) are configured to be driven.

An output shaft (31) of the first hydraulic motor (24) is provided with an auxiliary transmission mechanism (32) and a differential mechanism (3).
3) through the driving wheels (3) of the left and right traveling crawlers (2).
The differential mechanism (33) has a pair of left and right symmetric planetary gear mechanisms (35) and (35), and each planetary gear mechanism (35) has one sun gear (36).
, Three planetary gears (37) meshed on the outer periphery of the sun gear (36), and a ring gear (38) meshed with the planetary gears (37).

The planetary gear (37) is rotatably supported on a carrier (41) of a carrier shaft (40) coaxially with a sun gear shaft (39), and sandwiches the left and right sun gears (36) and (36). The left and right carriers (41) are arranged to face each other, and the ring gear (38) has internal teeth (38a) meshing with each planetary gear (37) and is arranged on the same axis as the sun gear shaft (39). The carrier shaft (4) is rotatably supported on the shaft (40).
0) is extended to form an axle to support the drive wheel (34).

In addition, a traveling hydraulic continuously variable transmission member (2)
5) The forward / reverse rotation of the first hydraulic motor (24) and the control of the number of rotations are performed by adjusting the angle change of the rotary swash plate of the first hydraulic pump (23), and the rotation of the first hydraulic motor (24) is performed. The output is transmitted from the transmission gear (42) of the output shaft (31) to each gear (4).
3) A center gear (46) fixed to the sun gear shaft (39) via (44) (45) and the auxiliary transmission mechanism (32).
To rotate the sun gear (36). The sub-transmission mechanism (32) includes a sub-transmission shaft (47) having the gear (44) and a parking brake shaft (49) having a gear (48) that meshes with a center gear (46) via the gear (45). ), And a pair of low-speed gears (50) (5) between the auxiliary transmission shaft (47) and the brake shaft (49).
1) Medium-speed gear (52) (53) High-speed gear (5
4) By providing (48), the low-medium-speed slider (55) and the high-speed slider (56) are slid to switch the sub-transmission between low speed, medium speed, and high speed. Note that there is neutrality between low and medium speeds and between medium and high speeds. In addition, a parking brake (57) is provided on the brake shaft (49), and a cutting PTO that transmits torque to the cutting unit (8).
The auxiliary transmission shaft (47) is connected to the shaft (58) via gears (59) and (60) and a one-way clutch (61), and the mowing unit (8) is driven at the vehicle speed synchronization speed.

As described above, the driving force from the first hydraulic motor (24) transmitted to the sun gear shaft (39) via the center gear (46) is applied to the left and right planetary gear mechanisms (35).
And to the left and right carrier shafts (40) via
The rotation transmitted to the left and right carrier shafts (40) is transmitted to the left and right drive wheels (34), respectively, to drive the left and right traveling crawlers (2).

Further, a steering member (28) formed by a hydraulic stepless speed change mechanism for turning is provided with a second hydraulic motor (27) by adjusting an angle of a rotary swash plate of a second hydraulic pump (26).
For controlling the forward / reverse rotation and the number of revolutions of the vehicle, including a brake shaft (63) having a steering output brake (62), a clutch shaft (65) having a steering output clutch (64), and the left and right ring gears. Left and right input gears (66) and (67) that are always engaged with the external teeth (38b) of (38) are provided, and the brake shaft (6) is mounted on the output shaft (68) of the second hydraulic motor (27).
3) The clutch shaft (65) is connected via the steering output clutch (64), the right input gear (67) is connected to the clutch shaft (65) via the forward gear (69), and the clutch shaft is The left input gear (66) is connected to (65) via a forward rotation gear (69) and a reverse rotation gear (70). The brake (62) is turned on by the neutralization of the sub-transmission sliders (55) and (56), and the clutch (6) is turned on.
4), the brake (62) is turned off and the clutch (64) is turned on at the time of the output of the sub-shift other than the neutral, and the forward gear (69) is applied to the external teeth (38b) of the right ring gear (38). ) Is transmitted to the external gear (38b) of the left ring gear (38) via the forward gear (69) and the reverse gear (70).
7) The rotation is transmitted, and when the second hydraulic motor (27) is rotated forward (reverse rotation), the left ring gear (38) is rotated reversely (forward rotation) and the right ring gear (38) is rotated forward (rotation) at the same left and right rotation speed. (Reverse rotation).

Thus, the second hydraulic motor for turning (27)
When the first hydraulic motor (24) for traveling is driven in a state where the left and right ring gears (38) are stopped and fixed, the rotation output from the first hydraulic motor (24) is The right and left traveling crawlers (2) are transmitted to the sun gear (36) at the same rotation speed, and are driven by the same rotation speed in the left and right same rotation direction via the planetary gear (37) and the carrier (41) of the left and right planetary gear mechanism (35). Then, the vehicle travels straight in the front-rear direction. On the other hand, when the first hydraulic motor (24) for traveling is stopped and the left and right sun gears (36) are stationary and fixed, the second hydraulic motor (27) for turning is driven forward and reverse to rotate the left planetary gear. The gear mechanism (35) rotates forward or backward, and the right planetary gear mechanism (35) rotates reversely or forward, driving the left and right traveling crawlers (2) in the reverse direction, and turning the body left or right. Further, by driving the second hydraulic motor for turning (27) while driving the first hydraulic motor for traveling (24), the body turns right and left and the course is corrected. The turning radius is determined by the output rotation speed of the second hydraulic motor (27).

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2, 4 to 13, a steering column (71) is erected on the front upper surface of the driver's cab (18) and fixed to the steering column (7).
1) A steering handle (19) is attached to the upper side of the upper surface so as to be rotatable around the vertical axis, a side column (72) is provided on the left side of the cab (18), and a transmission (22) is provided below the side column (72). The main transmission lever (73),
Sub transmission lever (74), reaping clutch lever (75),
Push the threshing clutch lever (76) to the side column (7
Attach to 2). In addition, the steering column (7
1) is formed by molding an aluminum alloy casting,
Multiple bolts (77) with a split structure that can be split left and right
To form a box shape.

Further, a tilt base (78) is integrally formed on the steering column (71), and the tilt base (78) is formed.
To the tilt bracket (8) via the fulcrum bolt (79).
0) is rotatably supported, and the tilt bracket (80) is fixed by the tilt lever (81) so that the angle can be freely adjusted. A shaft case (8) is attached to the tilt bracket (80).
2) A shaft case (82) is extended above an upper cover (83) for fixing the lower part integrally and fixed to the upper surface of the column (71), and the upper handle shaft (84) is rotatable inside the shaft case (82). The steering handle (19) is fixed at the upper end of the upper handle shaft (84), and the handle (19) is moved and adjusted around the fulcrum bolt (79) by operating the tilt lever (81) to a fixed position. And the handle (19) mounting position is adjusted in the front-rear direction to be fixed at a position where the operator can easily operate.

Also, the upper end of the lower handle shaft (86) is connected to the lower end of the upper handle shaft (84) via a universal joint (85), and the lower handle shaft (86) is mounted on the upper part of the steering column (71). In addition to being rotatably supported, the upper end of the steering input shaft (87) is rotatably supported above the steering column (71), and the gear (88) of the lower handle shaft (86) and the steering input shaft (87). ) Is engaged with each other to connect the shafts (86) and (87), and the steering input shaft (87) is extended vertically at substantially the center of the inside of the steering column (71).

Further, the steering column (71)
A bearing portion (90) is integrally formed on the left side surface at substantially the middle in the vertical direction, and one end of the transmission input shaft (91) is rotatably supported by the bearing portion (90) via a bolt (92) in a cantilever manner. The transmission input shaft (91) is supported substantially horizontally in the left-right direction, and the lower end of the steering input shaft (87) is connected to the upper end of the input fulcrum shaft (94) via a universal joint (93). (94) The lower end is rotatably supported on the speed change input shaft (91). Further, a steering input member (95) is fixed to the upper end side of the input fulcrum shaft (94), and a transmission input member (9) is provided between the upper surface of the transmission input shaft (91) and the lower surface of the steering input member (95).
6), a transmission input member (96) is rotatably mounted around the input fulcrum shaft (94), and the input members (96) are removably fixed to the transmission input member (96) by a linkage bolt (97). 95) and (96), and both ends of a pinch spring (98) provided on the speed change input shaft (91) are locked to the speed change input member (96), and the speed change input member (9) is locked.
6) is supported by the spring (98) at the straight traveling neutral position. Further, the input members (95) and (96) are rotated forward and reverse around a substantially vertical axis of the input shaft (87) against a spring (98) by forward and reverse rotation of the steering input shaft (87). By rotating the speed change input shaft (91) forward and reverse, the input fulcrum shaft (9) is rotated about the center line of the substantially horizontal left and right input shaft (91).
4) and the input members (95) and (96) are tilted in the front-rear direction, and the center line of the vertical steering input shaft (87) and the center line of the left and right horizontal shift input shaft (91) intersect at right angles. A universal joint (93) is attached to the intersection, and the input members (95) (9) are rotated around the center line of the steering input shaft (87) by a forward / reverse operation of the steering input shaft (87) of the steering handle (19).
6) is reversed.

Further, the steering column (71)
The main transmission shaft (99) is rotatably supported on the lower front side of the
The left end of the main transmission shaft (99), which extends substantially horizontally in the left-right direction, protrudes to the left outside of the steering column (71), and is rotatable on the machine base (3) below the side column (72). A link (101) is attached to the intermediate shaft (100).
(102) and the main transmission shaft (99) is connected via the rod (104) with the length adjustment turnbuckle (103). A fulcrum plate (106) is rotatably attached to the machine base (3) via a lever fulcrum shaft (105), and the main speed change lever (7) is attached to the fulcrum plate (106) via a cylinder shaft (107).
3) Attach the base so as to be swingable in the left-right direction, and connect the center shaft (100) to the fulcrum plate (106) via the links (108) and (109), and move the main transmission lever (73) to the lever fulcrum shaft ( 105) The main transmission shaft (99) is rotated forward / reverse by a speed change operation for swinging forward and backward. Also,
The rod-type main transmission member (110) and the upper and lower links (11
1) The main transmission shaft (99) is connected to the transmission input shaft (91) via (112), and the input member (95) (95) ( 9
6) is tilted back and forth around the center line of the transmission input shaft (91).

Further, a cylindrical steering output shaft (113) is rotatably mounted on the main transmission shaft (99), and the link steering output member (114) is fixed to the steering output shaft (113). At the same time, the upper end of the rod-shaped steering connecting member (115) is connected to the steering input member (95) via a universal joint-type steering input connecting portion (116), and a ball joint type steering output connecting portion. The lower end of the steering coupling member (115) is connected to the steering output member (114) via (117) to constitute a steering mechanism (118) for changing the traveling course.

Further, a speed change output shaft (119) is rotatably supported inside the steering column (71) substantially parallel to the steering output shaft (113) above the steering output shaft (113),
The link type shift output member (120) is connected to the shift output shaft (11).
9) and a rod-shaped speed change coupling member (12).
The upper end of 1) is connected to the speed change input member (96) via a universal joint type speed change input connection portion (122), and the speed change coupling member (1) is connected via a ball joint type speed change output connection portion (123).
21) is connected to the shift output member (120) at the lower end thereof,
A speed change mechanism (1) that changes the traveling speed and switches between forward and reverse
24).

Further, the speed change operation shaft (125) on the inner side and the outer steering operation shaft (12) of the dual shaft structure rotatable with each other.
6) is rotatably mounted on a bearing (127) in the center of the left and right widths at the lower rear side of the steering column (71).
The variable speed output shaft (11) is connected via a ball joint shaft (128) and a variable speed link (129) (130) whose length is adjustable.
9), the upper end portion of the speed change operation shaft (125) is connected, and the steering output shaft (11) is connected via a ball-and-joint shaft (131) and steering links (132) and (133) whose length is adjustable.
The upper end of the steering operation shaft (126) is connected to 3).

The operating shafts (125) and (126)
Are set up on the bottom of the steering column (71) substantially vertically on the same axis, and the upper ends of the operation shafts (125) and (126) are extended inside the steering column (71), and the output shafts (113) ( 119) and each operating shaft (125) (12) below the bottom of the steering column (71).
6) The operation shafts (125) (1) are provided on the lower surface side of the operator's cab (20) on the operator boarding step (134) by projecting the lower end.
26) The transmission member (2
5) The vehicle speed control arm (13) is connected to the output control shaft (135).
6) is fixed, and a vehicle speed control arm (1) is attached to the lower end of the speed change operation shaft (125) via a length adjustable rod (138) with a turnbuckle (137) and a link (139).
36), and the swash plate angle of the first hydraulic pump (23) is adjusted by the forward / reverse operation of the output control shaft (135).
The rotation speed control and forward / reverse switching of the hydraulic motor (24) are performed to continuously change the traveling speed (vehicle speed) and to switch between forward and backward. Further, the output control shaft (1) of the steering member (28).
40) fix the steering control arm (141) to the adjustable length rod (143) with turnbuckle (142).
A steering control arm (141) is connected to the lower end of the steering operation shaft (126) via a link (144), and the second hydraulic pump (2) is operated by the forward / reverse operation of the output control shaft (140).
6) The swash plate angle is adjusted to control the rotation speed of the second hydraulic motor (27) and to switch between normal rotation and reverse rotation, so that the steering angle (turning radius) is steplessly changed and the right and left turning direction is switched.

Further, the steering column (71)
An accelerator lever (145) is provided on the outer surface on the right side of the engine so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction.
An accelerator wire (146) for connecting the engine (2) is extended from below along the inside of the front surface of the steering column (71), and the engine (2) is operated by an accelerator lever (145).
1) The number of revolutions is manually adjusted, a maintenance window (147) is opened on the rear surface of the steering column (71), and the maintenance window (147) is closed by a removable lid (148).

As is clear from the above, the engine (2
A differential mechanism (33) for transmitting the driving force of 1) to the left and right traveling crawlers (2); a speed change member (25) for continuously changing the driving speed of the left and right traveling crawlers (2); A steering input shaft (87) provided with a steering member (28) for continuously changing the drive speed difference between the two, and rotated by a steering handle (19) as a steering operation tool;
A speed change input shaft (91) rotated by a main speed change lever (73) as a speed change operation tool, a speed change mechanism (124) connecting the speed change input shaft (91) to the speed change member (25), and a steering input shaft (87) ) Is connected to the steering member (28), and the steering mechanism (118) changes the steering amount in proportion to the operation amount of the transmission mechanism (124).
The steering amount is automatically increased by the high-speed side shift, and the steering amount is automatically reduced by the low-speed side shift,
A certain amount of operation of the steering handle (19) keeps the turning radius of the left and right crawler (2) substantially constant irrespective of the running speed, changes the farming running speed, and corrects the course so that the aircraft follows the crop line. Is performed. A steering input member (95) and a speed change input member (96) are provided on the steering input shaft (87), and the speed change input member (96) and the steering input member (95) are provided around the center line of the speed change input shaft (91). Is rotatably mounted on the transmission output shaft (119).
The transmission input member (96) is connected to the steering output member (114) provided on the steering output shaft (113) via the steering coupling member (115). Direction input member (95), and the speed change mechanism (12
4) and a steering mechanism (118) are formed, and the steering input shaft (87) is rotated by the steering operation so as to rotate the steering input member (9).
5) and the shift input member (96) are operated to perform, for example, an operation of reducing the traveling speed while turning, and
The speed change input shaft (91) is rotated by the speed change operation to operate the speed change input member (96) and the steering input member (95), thereby increasing or reducing the turning radius due to the running speed change and stopping the turning output due to the running speed neutral. Operation.

Further, a steering input connecting portion (116) for connecting the steering input member (95) and the steering connecting member (115) is disposed on the center line of the transmission input shaft (91), and the transmission input member (96) is provided. ) And the speed change coupling member (121) are arranged on a straight line (A) intersecting the core of the speed change input shaft (91), and the steering input shaft (87) and the speed change input are arranged. Steering input member (95) about axis (91)
The relative motion of the speed change input member (96) can be easily set, the design and assembly and the structure can be simplified, the operation reliability can be improved, and the center line of the speed change input shaft (91) and the steering input shaft ( 87) A shift input connecting portion (122) and a steering input connecting portion (116) are arranged on a circumference (C) centered on the axis intersection (B) where the core lines intersect, and a steering input member ( 95) and a speed change input member (96) to simplify and downsize the structure. The speed change output connecting portion (123) for connecting the speed change output member (120) and the speed change coupling member (121) is provided. The steering output connecting part (1) for connecting the steering output member (114) and the steering coupling member (115).
17) is disposed on the core line of the steering input shaft (87) to easily prevent reverse handle development due to switching between forward and reverse shifts, and to provide a shift output member (120) and a steering output member (11).
4) The design, assembly and structure of 4) are simplified, the operation reliability is improved, etc., and the transmission output connecting portion (123) is connected to the shaft center intersection (B) of the transmission input shaft (91) and the steering input shaft (87). ) Is different from the distance of the steering output connecting portion (117), and the transmission output connecting portion (123) and the steering output connecting portion (117) are separated from each other on the same straight line (D). (117) The interference prevention and the setting of the movement range of (123) can be easily performed, and the speed change coupling member (12
1) and the steering connection member (115) are configured to be installed in a small place.

Further, the speed change input connecting portion (116) and the steering input connecting portion (122) are formed by a circle centered on the intersection (B) between the speed change input shaft (91) and the steering input shaft (87). Zhou (C)
The traveling speed change is performed by keeping the steering input connection (116) at a constant position by rotating the speed change input shaft (91) and maximizing the displacement of the speed change input connection (122). And each of the input connection sections (116)
The structure in which the speed change input shaft (91) is arranged on the plane on which the (122) is moved easily secures the amount of movement of each connecting portion (116) (122), and is compact and functionally provided with the speed change input member (96) and The steering input member (95) is arranged, and the speed change input connecting portion (122) and the steering input connecting portion (116) are moved within a range of about 90 degrees around the steering input shaft (87), so as to move forward and backward. In addition to preventing reverse handle development due to forward switching and securing the amount of movement of each input connecting portion (116) (122), the shift input connecting portion (122) is changed according to the steering angle at which the steering input shaft (87) is rotated. The operation of moving in the deceleration direction and the spin-turn operation of changing the direction around the traveling crawler (2) inside the turning center are easily performed, and the device is functionally configured with a compact structure. A shift output shaft (119) and a steering output shaft (113) are provided substantially parallel to the shift input shaft (91), and the output shafts (113) and (119) form a column (71) that can be divided into a plurality of cases. ) And the transmission input shaft (91) and the output shafts (113) and (119) are extended in the left-right direction, so that the connection structure in the longitudinal direction of the fuselage can be easily obtained. The connection between the lever (73) and the transmission input shaft (91), the transmission member (25) and the steering member (28) and the output shaft (1).
13) It is configured such that the connection with (119) can be easily performed, and the operation structure can be simplified and the handling property can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, a phase adjusting hole (14) through which the connecting bolt (97) is loosely inserted.
9) is set up in the steering input member (95), and a plurality of (three) screw holes (150) are provided on the same radiation centering on the core of the steering input shaft (87), and the radiation input The phase adjustment hole (149) is formed in a trapezoid whose bottom is the steering input shaft (87) side. When the steering handle (19) in the straight-ahead position is rotated left and right, the screw hole (1) is formed.
Until the linking bolt (97) fixed to (50) comes into contact with the edge of the phase adjusting hole (149), the steering input is held in a state where the speed change input member (96) is fixed at a fixed position by the sandwiching spring (98). The course is corrected by rotating only the member (95) and turning left and right while keeping the traveling speed substantially constant. When the link bolt (97) comes into contact with the edge of the phase adjustment hole (149), the steering handle (19) is further rotated in the same direction to connect the link bolt (97) to the steering input member. (95) and shift input member (96)
Both rotate against the spring (98) to correct the course while reducing the traveling speed, and the steering handle (19)
The turning radius determined by the operation and the deceleration amount of the traveling speed change in proportion to each other, and by returning the steering handle (19) to the straight traveling position, the shift input member (96) is neutralized by the pinch spring (98). It returns to its original position and automatically returns to its original running speed. Further, by replacing the linking bolt (97) with each screw hole (150), the phase adjusting hole (1) is changed.
49) The rotation angle of the steering input member (95) until the link bolt (97) abuts on the edge changes, and the steering handle (1)
9) When the deceleration start timing of the traveling speed by the operation can be adjusted and the steering handle (19) is supported straight,
The speed change input member (96) is fixed to the speed change input shaft (91) by the sandwiching spring (98), and prevents the speed change input member (96) from floating due to mechanical vibration or the like. The running speed is prevented from decelerating and changing.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 16 to 20, the gear (88) has a plurality of teeth (1) in an outer peripheral range of 270 degrees.
51) is formed, an outer peripheral range of 90 degrees is formed in an arc (152), the total rotation angle of the steering handle (19) is set to 270 degrees, and the angle of left steering rotation or right steering rotation is set to 135 degrees. The steering wheel (19) is set so that the operator can easily perform the rotation operation with one hand. Further, the sector gear (89) has a plurality of teeth (153) in an outer peripheral range of 130 degrees.
Is formed on the circular cam (154), and the teeth (151) of the gear (88) and the teeth (153) of the sector gear (89) are engaged with each other to form the gears (88) (8).
At the time of the maximum forward / reverse rotation of 9), the stoppers (155) at both ends of the arc (152) and the stoppers (156) at both ends of the arc cam (154) are brought into contact with each other to regulate the rotation of the steering handle (19). The steering input member (95) and the speed change input member (96) are rotated forward or backward in the range of 65 degrees around the center line of the steering input shaft (87), and the speed is shifted on a plane where each input member (95) rotates. The input shaft (91) and the main transmission member (1
10) A structure in which a space for arranging the upper end portion is secured, and the steering input connecting portion (116) is provided on the core line of the transmission input shaft (91), and the input connecting portions (116) on the same circumference.
(122) can be easily obtained at a 90-degree distance, and the structure can be made compact, and the design and assembly can be simplified.

Further, a straight notch (157) is formed at the center of the arc cam (154) of the sector gear (89), and a detent shaft (158) is rotatably supported on the upper wall of the steering column (71). Detent axis (15
8) A detent arm (159) is fixed to the lower end, a detent roller (161) is rotatably supported on the detent arm (159) via a roller shaft (160), and the detent roller (161) is attached to the arc cam (154). The detent roller (161) is removably engaged with the straight notch (157), and the steering handle (19) is supported at the straight position. Further, a detent lever (162) is fixed to the upper end side of the detent shaft (158), and one end of a neutral spring (163) wound around the detent shaft (158) is locked to the detent lever (162), and the steering column (162) is fixed. The other end of the neutral spring (163) is brought into contact with the receiving plate (164) of (71), and the detent roller (161) is attached to the circular cam (154) and the linear notch (157) by the neutral spring (1).
63). Further, a microswitch-type straight-ahead sensor (165) for electrically detecting the straight-ahead position of the steering handle (19) by switching on and off is attached to the detent lever (162).

This embodiment is constructed as described above. When the main shift lever (73) is in the neutral position, the steering input shaft (8) is operated by the forward (reverse) operation of the steering handle (19).
7) The input members (95) and (96) and the coupling members (115) and (121) move on a conical trajectory around the center line,
Each output member (114) (120) and each output shaft (1
13) The state where (119) is stopped is maintained.

The forward (reverse) operation of tilting the main transmission lever (73) forward (rearward) causes the input members (95) and (96) to move forward (rearward) around the center line of the transmission input shaft (91). While maintaining the state in which the inclination and the steering input connection (116) are stopped at a fixed position, the speed change input connection (12)
2) is moved upward (downward) and the transmission output member (12
0) Upward (downward) swing of the transmission output shaft (119)
Of the first hydraulic motor (2) by switching the swash plate angle of the first hydraulic pump (23) of the transmission member (23).
4) is rotated forward (reverse), and the left and right traveling crawlers (2) are driven forward (reverse) by forward (reverse) rotation of the output shaft (31) of the first hydraulic motor (24). Further, the rotation speed of the output shaft (31) changes in proportion to the tilt angle of the main transmission lever (73), and the forward (reverse) speed of the traveling crawler (2) is continuously changed.

Further, when the main shift lever (73) is tilted forward (rearward) to perform forward (reverse) operation,
By rotating the steering handle (19) leftward (rightward), the steering input member (95) is tilted forward (rearward) around the center line of the transmission input shaft (91). 87) Forward rotation (reverse rotation) around the core line, the steering input connecting portion (116) moves downward (upward), and the steering output member (1
14), the steering output shaft (11
3) is rotated forward (reverse rotation), the second hydraulic motor (27) is rotated forward (reverse rotation) by switching the swash plate angle of the second hydraulic pump (26) of the steering member (28), and the second hydraulic motor ( 27)
Forward (reverse) rotation of the output shaft (68), the left traveling crawler (2) is decelerated (increased), and the right traveling crawler (2) is accelerated (decelerated) to the left (right). Turn the aircraft and correct the course to the left (right). Also,
Simultaneously with the course correction operation, by turning the steering handle (19) to the left (rightward), the shift input member (96) is steered forward (rearward) around the center line of the shift input shaft (91). The input shaft (87) rotates forward (reverse) around the center line, the shift input connecting portion (122) moves downward (upward), and the shift output member (120) swings down (upward) to output the shift output shaft ( 119) is rotated in the reverse direction (forward rotation), and the speed change member (25) is rotated.
Is returned to the neutral direction to reduce the rotation speed of the output shaft (31) and reduce the traveling speed (vehicle speed). As described above, by the left and right steering operation of the steering handle (19) during the traveling movement, in proportion to the rotation angle of the steering handle (19),
The turning radius (angle) for correcting the course and the deceleration amount of the traveling speed change, and when the steering wheel (19) is rotated greatly, the speed difference between the left and right traveling crawlers (2) is increased to reduce the turning radius. At the same time, the amount of deceleration of the traveling speed increases and the vehicle speed decreases, and at the time of forward movement and reverse movement, the movement of the turning input connecting portion (116) is reversed with respect to the rotation of the steering handle (19), In either case, the turning operation direction of the steering handle (19) and the turning direction of the fuselage are made to coincide with each other, and the turning operation of the circular steering handle (19) for turning operation is performed by, for example, a tractor or a rice transplanter. It performs course correction and direction change with the same driving feeling as a wheeled vehicle.

FIGS. 19 and 20 show the relationship between the turning angle of the steering handle (19) and the speed of the left-right traveling crawler (2) when the body turns left and right.
The greater the angle of cut of 9), the greater the speed difference between the left and right traveling crawlers (2), and the average center speed of the left and right traveling crawlers (2) is also the traveling speed (high speed / standard / low speed). It is decelerated according to. When the steering handle (19) in the straight traveling position is rotated leftward (rightward) by about 15 degrees,
A linking bolt (97) moves in the phase adjusting hole (149), and a shift input member (96) is moved by a holding spring (98).
Is maintained at the same position as the straight ahead, and the steering member (2
8) The second hydraulic motor (27) is rotated leftward (rightward) by the steering output of forward rotation (reverse rotation) by the second hydraulic pump (26), so that the uncut culm (crop) row is curved. Make a course correction to match. At this time, the deceleration amount of the traveling crawler (2) inside the turning and the traveling crawler (2) outside the turning.
Are substantially equal to each other, and the center speed of the aircraft is maintained at substantially the same speed as when traveling straight. Further, when the steering handle (19) is turned by 15 degrees or more from the straight traveling position, the speed change input member (96) decelerates in either the left turn or the right turn against the sandwiching spring (98), (1) The traveling speed output of the hydraulic pump (23) and the motor (24) is reduced, and the left and right traveling crawlers (2) and (2) are driven to rotate (rotate) in the same direction to move forward (or backward), thereby causing the left and right traveling crawlers (2) ( Due to the difference in traveling speed in 2), a brake turn operation that turns to the left (right direction) is performed, and when the car leaves the uncut culm (crop) row, it returns to the original row or moves to the next row. I do. Further, when the steering handle (19) is rotated by about 135 degrees, the center speed of the body is reduced to about one-fourth of the straight traveling, and the traveling crawler (2) inside the turning is driven to rotate in reverse, and the traveling crawler inside the turning is driven. A spin turn operation in which the body turns around (2) is performed, and the body is turned 180 degrees by shifting in the turning direction by the left and right widths of the left and right traveling crawlers (2). The handle angle is changed from 0 degree to 135 degrees. Rotate the steering handle (19) in the range of degrees to perform a left or right turning operation, and move the steering handle (19) to the left or right around the straight traveling position.
The handle (19) corrects the alignment path moving along the row of uncut culms (crops) in the rotation range while maintaining the running speed at the time of straight traveling, and the handle (135 degrees left and right from the straight traveling position) 19) The spin-turn operation of turning the airframe on the field headland by rotation and moving to the next work step,
The speed is automatically reduced to about one-fourth of the traveling speed when traveling straight ahead.

When the sub-shift is maintained at a standard speed (1.5 meters per second) and the steering handle (19) is turned 90 degrees, the main shift lever (68) operates to change the main shift output to high speed and 3 minutes. Even if the turning radius is changed to one-third and one-third, only the turning speed (aircraft center speed) is changed while the turning radius of the airframe is kept substantially constant. Further, the first hydraulic pump (23) and the first hydraulic motor (24) are maintained in the straight traveling state within the setting range of the link bolt (97) and the phase adjusting hole (149) based on the straight traveling position, so that the crop row or the Prevents the running speed from changing non-uniformly even if the steering operation is performed along the ridge, etc., making it possible to correct the course during agricultural work while maintaining approximately the same running speed. And the appropriate steering operation can be performed by substantially matching the running operation of the vehicle. The sub-transmission lever (74) for switching the transmission reference value of the main transmission lever (73) changes the turning radius from a small diameter to a large diameter in proportion to the low-speed, standard and high-speed switching of the sub-transmission operation. 23) setting of the reduction ratio between the motor (24) and the traveling crawler (2) and the reduction ratio between the second hydraulic pump (26) and the motor (27) and the traveling crawler (2);
Alternatively, while ensuring the traveling driving force necessary for the small radius turning required for the spin turn operation, the turning radius is maintained substantially constant by operating the main shift lever (73) at the same sub-shift operation position. By changing the traveling speed at the time of turning, the driving operation can be performed according to the skill of the worker, and the mobility and the driving operability can be improved.

[0035]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a continuously variable transmission mechanism (23) (24)
Pump (26) and hydraulic pressure forming a continuously variable transmission mechanism for use
A motor (27), the hydraulic pump (23) (2)
6) is driven by the engine (21) and
Via a speed change mechanism (32) and a left and right planetary gear mechanism (35)
Left and right traveling crore in travel gear for the continuously variable transmission mechanism (24) and
(2) and drive at the same rotation speed in the same direction and go straight
While traveling, the left and right planetary gear mechanisms (35) were
Rotated in the opposite direction by the pressure motor (27) to run left and right
A mobile agricultural machine that turns the crawler (2) by turning it in the opposite direction
, A handle shaft provided with a steering handle (19)
(86) is supported on the upper part of the steering column (71).
Steering input shaft connected to the handle shaft (86)
(87) vertically in the steering column (71)
Extend the gears to the side of the steering column (71)
The input shaft (91) is supported substantially horizontally, and the speed change input shaft is
A fulcrum shaft (94) to be supported by (91) is steered by the steering input shaft (8).
7) through a joint (93), and
A shift lever (73) is connected to the force shaft (91),
Around steering input shaft (87) by steering handle (19)
Rotated, and a shift input shaft by a shift lever (73).
(91) Input members (95) and (96) that rotate around
The input member (95) (96) is provided with a fulcrum shaft (94).
And the steering input and output connectors (116) (117)
And the input member via a steering connection member (115).
(95) with the steering output member (114)
Power and output connections (122) (123) and speed change coupling
Speed change to the input member (96) via the member (121)
The force member (120) is connected, and the speed change and steering operation shaft (1
25) and (126) are replaced with the speed change and steering output members (12).
0) (114) and the hydraulic pump (26)
The steering operation shaft (126) is connected to the output control shaft (140).
This makes it possible to easily change the traveling speed of the agricultural work, modify the course of the aircraft along the row of crops, and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a combine.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the combine.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a mission drive system.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory perspective view of a traveling speed change and steering operation unit.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of the same part.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the steering column.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view of the upper part.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view of the lower part.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a steering column.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged front view of the same.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged front view of the lower part.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory plan view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a steering column.

FIG. 15 is an exploded explanatory view of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a partial plan view of the upper part of the steering column.

FIG. 17 is a partial view of the same.

FIG. 18 is an operation explanatory view of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing main speed change and steering handle operation.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing auxiliary speed change and steering handle operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

(2) Traveling crawler (19) Steering handle (21) Engine (23) First hydraulic pump (traveling continuously variable transmission mechanism) (24) First hydraulic motor (traveling continuously variable transmission mechanism) (26) Second hydraulic pump (27) Second hydraulic motor (32) Sub transmission mechanism (35) Planetary gear mechanism (71) Steering column (73) Main transmission lever (transmission operation tool) (86) Handle shaft (87) Steering input Shaft (91) transmission input shaft (93) coupling (94) fulcrum shaft (95) steering input member (96) transmission input member (114) steering output member (115) steering coupling member (116) steering input connection Unit (117) steering output connection unit (120) transmission output member (122) transmission input connection unit (123) transmission output connection unit (125) transmission operation shaft (126) steering operation shaft (140) output control shaft

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-10-146126 (JP, A) JP-A-9-221058 (JP, A) JP-A-50-31601 (JP, A) US Pat. , A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B62D 11/08-11/18

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A continuously variable transmission mechanism (23) (2) for traveling speed change.
4) and a hydraulic pump (2
6) and a hydraulic motor (27), wherein the hydraulic pump
(23) (26) is driven by the engine (21).
And a sub-transmission mechanism (32) and a left and right planetary gear mechanism
(35) to the continuously variable transmission mechanism (24)
Connect the right running crawler (2) and rotate at the same speed in the same direction
While driving and traveling straight, the left and right planetary gear mechanisms (3
5) rotated in the opposite direction by the hydraulic motor (27)
The left and right traveling crawlers (2) are driven in opposite directions to
A steering handle (19) is provided in a mobile agricultural machine to be moved.
Put the handle shaft (86) on the steering column (71)
Steering to be connected to the handle shaft (86)
Move the input shaft (87) up and down in the steering column (71)
The steering column (71) side
The transmission input shaft (91) is supported substantially horizontally,
A fulcrum shaft (94) to be supported on the force shaft (91) is a steering input shaft
(87) via a joint (93), and
The speed change lever (73) is connected to the speed input shaft (91).
The steering input shaft (87) times with the steering handle (19)
And shift in by the shift lever (73).
An input member (95) (9) that rotates around a force axis (91)
6), and the input members (95) and (96) are supported by fulcrum shafts.
(94) a steering input and output connection (116)
(117) and the steering coupling member (115).
The steering output member (114) is connected to the input member (95).
Gearshift input and output connecting parts (122) (123)
To the input member (9) via a speed change coupling member (121).
6) a speed change output member (120) is connected to the
Shifting and steering of the steering shafts (125) and (126) as described above.
The hydraulic pump is connected to force members (120) and (114).
The steering operation axis is attached to the output control axis (140) of the step (26).
(126) A mobile agricultural machine, wherein the mobile agricultural machine is connected.