JP3070919B2 - Tunnel lining method and drilling equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel lining method and an excavating apparatus, and more particularly, to a lining method and an excavating apparatus applied when constructing a tunnel which crosses under a railway or a road. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, when constructing a tunnel which crosses under a railway or a road in a three-dimensional manner, an underpass method such as a BR method, a pipe roof method, a URT method, or a PCR method is often used. In all of these construction methods, a number of steel pipe elements and PC elements as lining materials are propelled and towed before tunnel excavation,
The method includes a step of constructing a vertical lining plate and an upper floor lining plate for penetrating the ground and defining a tunnel cross section.

[0003] However, the propulsion and towing work of the lining element requires a great deal of labor and time, and since many such lining elements penetrate into the ground, the construction period is prolonged and the construction cost is increased. It had to be expensive. Furthermore, repeated propulsion and towing work of the lining element has a bad effect on the ground, and as a result, track deformation has often occurred.

[0004] Some construction methods include a step of connecting adjacent elements with PC steel after penetrating the lining element, and integrating these elements by introducing prestress. However, PC
The arrangement of steel materials and the introduction of prestress using jacks necessitated manual work in a narrow space inside the element, and labor saving was desired.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made on the basis of the above technical background, and has the following objects. An object of the present invention is to reduce the number of times the tunnel lining material is propelled and towed,
An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel lining method and an excavator capable of shortening a construction period and a construction cost, and capable of saving labor of an operator.

[0006]

The present invention employs the following means to achieve the above object. That is, the present invention, prior to the excavation of the tunnel, comprises at least one pair of vertical lining plates for partitioning the tunnel section inside the ground and an upper floor lining plate connected to the upper part of these vertical lining plates. In the tunnel lining method to be constructed, a slab having a width corresponding to at least a span between the vertical lining plates is used as a lining material for the upper floor lining plate .
A guide for guiding each slide surface of the plate and the vertical lining plate
A joint is provided, after the construction of the vertical lining plate, the floor slab and the
Engage each engaging portion with the vertical lining plate, the floor slab is
There is a tunnel lining method characterized by sliding along the upper end of a vertical lining plate .

In the method of the present invention, in the case where the construction of the upper floor lining plate is performed without cutting, after the construction of the vertical lining plate, the floor slab is slid along the upper end of the vertical lining plate. , To penetrate the ground. In order to prevent displacement of the floor slab, it is preferable to provide an engaging portion for guiding on each slide surface of the floor slab and the vertical lining plate. The connection between the floor slab and the vertical lining plate may be a pin connection or a rigid connection.

In the case of non-cutting work, an excavator having a cutting edge is connected to the tip of the floor slab, and the floor slab can penetrate into the ground while digging. In this case, an earth discharging element is fixed to the lower part of the floor slab. A cutting edge may be connected to a tip of the floor slab, and the floor slab may be made to penetrate the ground while digging by hand digging. In this case, by the face holding member,
It is preferable to excavate while holding the face.

[0009] In both cases of excavation by an excavator and excavation by hand excavation, it is preferable to perform a friction reduction process on the upper surface of the floor slab. As the friction reduction processing, a method of attaching and fixing a low friction plate to the upper surface of the floor slab can be adopted. Further, prior to the penetration of the floor slab into the ground, a method of pulling the low friction plate by a predetermined distance along the upper surface of the floor slab may be employed. Furthermore, a method in which a roll-shaped low friction material is accommodated in the cutting edge and the low friction material is drawn out to the upper surface of the floor slab as the floor slab penetrates the ground can be adopted.

In the method of the present invention, the construction of the upper floor lining plate can be carried out by digging. In this case, after the construction of the vertical lining plate, the ground above it is cut and ground, and then the floor slab is placed on the ground. Slide along the top edge of the vertical lining plate. Also in the case of digging, it is preferable to provide an engaging portion for guiding on each slide surface of the floor slab and the vertical lining plate. The connection between the floor slab and the vertical lining plate may be a pin connection or a rigid connection as in the case of non-cutting.

The floor slab may be made of reinforced concrete or precast concrete, or a plurality of the above lining elements fixed in parallel in both non-cutting and cutting. .

[0012] The excavator according to the present invention has a width substantially equal to the width of the floor slab, such that the cutting edge connected to the tip of the floor slab and the rotation axis coincide with the width direction of the blade slab. A screw auger housed in the cutting edge, and a rotation driving member for rotating the screw auger.

More specifically, the spiral wings of the screw auger have opposite winding directions on both sides of the center of the rotating shaft. Further, a propulsion drive member for projecting the screw auger from the cutting edge is provided. Further, the spiral blade of the screw auger has a shape in which a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion are alternately repeated along the axial direction of the rotation shaft.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show the entire tunnel lining method according to the present invention for each procedure. The embodiment shown in the figure is an example in which the present invention is applied to a case where a tunnel is constructed below a railway line. 1 and 2, (a) is a plan view and (b)
Is a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the track, and (c) is a cross-sectional view parallel to the track.

As shown in FIG. 1, first, a steel shaft pile and an H-section steel are driven into both sides of a track having an ascending line U and a descending line D to excavate a starting shaft 1a and a reaching shaft 1b. Next, a towing (or propulsion) facility is installed, and the vertical lining element 2 is towed from the starting shaft 1a toward the reaching shaft 1b to penetrate the ground. As the vertical lining element 2, a rectangular steel pipe or the like can be used as in the conventional case. And such a vertical lining element 2
Work is repeatedly performed on a large number of pieces so that they are adjacent to each other.
To build. The inside of each element 2 is cleaned and cast concrete. A foundation concrete 4 is cast into each of the shafts 1a and 1b.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper part of the starting shaft 1a is widened, and the guide elements 5 and 5 are connected and fixed to each of the uppermost vertical lining elements 2. Further, the earth discharging element 6 is made to penetrate into the ground at substantially the same level as the uppermost lining element 2 between the vertical lining plates 3 and 3. Then, the floor slab 7 is placed on the guide elements 5 and 5. This floor slab 7 is a lining material for the upper floor lining plate,
It has a width corresponding to the span between the vertical lining plates 3,3.

The floor slab 7 can be made of reinforced concrete (RC), precast concrete (PC) or a plurality of lining elements fixed in parallel.
In the case of manufacturing, it can also be manufactured by assembling a formwork with the starting shaft 1a. The earth discharging element 6 may be fixed to the lower part of the floor slab 7 as described later without separately penetrating the ground.

After setting the floor slab 7, an excavator 9 having a cutting edge 8 at its tip is connected. The details of the excavator 9 will be described later. Then, while excavating the ground with the excavator 9, the floor slab 7 is pulled (or propelled) to slide along the upper ends of the guide elements 5 and the vertical lining plate 3, and the floor slab 7 is moved to the ground. Let it penetrate. At this time, the excavated earth and sand is discharged to the starting shaft 1a via the discharging element 6.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the floor slab 7 is made to penetrate the ground and the upper floor lining plate 10 is thus constructed. Thereafter, the ground sectioned by the vertical lining plates 3, 3 and the upper floor lining plate 10 is excavated, and decorative concrete 11 is applied to the inner surface of each of the lining plates 3, 10 to construct a tunnel. As described above, according to the present invention, the propulsion and traction work is required only once when the upper floor lining plate 10 is constructed (in the case of one pair of the vertical lining plates 3). In the above embodiment, the vertical lining plates 3 and 3 are constructed first, but the floor slab 7 is made to penetrate the ground and the upper floor lining plate 10 is constructed first, and then the vertical lining element 2 is grounded. May be taken in order to construct the vertical lining plates 3 and 3 by infiltrating into the holes.

FIGS. 4 to 8 show various examples of the earth discharging method. In each figure, (a) is a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the width direction of the floor slab 7 (penetration direction), and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the floor slab 7 in the width direction. First, FIG. 4 shows an example in which the discharging element 6 is fixed to the lower center of the floor slab 7. The excavated earth and sand from the cutting edge 8 is discharged backward through the inside of the earth discharging element 6 as shown by an arrow.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which the earth discharging elements 6 are fixed to both lower sides of the floor slab 7. In this case, after construction, the earth discharging element 6 constitutes a part of the vertical lining plate 3. FIG.
Shown is a floor slab 7 in which a number of lining elements are fixed in parallel, in which case the earth can be discharged through the interior of the slab 7 itself, ie through a suitable lining element. Figure 7 shows the floor slab 7
This is an example in which earth discharging elements 6 are fixed to both sides and the center of the lower part. In this case, similarly to the example shown in FIG. 5, after the construction, the earth discharging elements 6 on both sides constitute a part of the vertical lining plate 3. FIG. 8 shows an example in which an upper ground between the vertical lining plates 3 and 3 is excavated without using the earth discharging element, and the earth is discharged through the excavation space 12.

As shown in FIG. 9, the floor slab 7 and the vertical lining plate 3
On the respective slide surfaces, engaging portions 13a and 13b are provided for engaging each other for guidance. (A)
Is an example in which a groove having a semicircular cross section is provided on the floor slab 7 side as the engaging portion 13a, and a ridge of the same shape is provided as the engaging portion 13b on the vertical lining plate 3 side, that is, the uppermost lining element. .
(B), in contrast to (a), an engaging portion 13a formed of a ridge is provided on the floor slab 7 side, and an engaging portion 1 formed of a groove is provided on the vertical lining plate 3 side.
This is an example in which 3b is provided. (C) and (d) are examples in which the groove and the ridge have a rectangular cross section. (E) Floor slab 7
In addition, the vertical lining plate 3 is provided with notch step portions as the engaging portions 13a and 13b. In any of the above examples, the floor slab 7
After the slide construction, the floor slab 7 and the vertical lining plate 3 are pin-coupled as they are.

The floor slab 7 and the vertical lining plate 3 are not limited to the pin connection but may be rigidly connected. FIG. 10 shows the floor slab 7 and the vertical lining plate 3
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of rigidly connecting That is, the floor slab 7
Is provided with a joint bar 14 projecting downward from an engaging portion 13a formed of a ridge. On the other hand, the uppermost element 2 of the vertical lining plate 3 is provided with an engaging portion 13b formed of a groove capable of accommodating the joint bar 14. After the sliding work of the floor slab 7, concrete is poured into the inside of the lining element 2 including the groove, and the floor slab 7 and the vertical lining plate 3 are rigidly connected.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another rigid connection example between the floor slab 7 and the vertical lining plate 3. The floor slab 7 is provided with a pair of joint plates 50 having the engaging portions 13a. The uppermost element 2 of the vertical lining plate 3 has an engaging portion 13b slidably engaged with the engaging portion 13a.
Are provided. The engaging portions 13a and 13b of the joint plates 50 and 51 are SV joints used as steel sheet pile joints, and the floor slab 7 and the vertical lining plate 3 are rigidly connected via these joint plates. Concrete is poured into the space defined by the joint plates 50 and 51.

There is no danger that track deformation may occur due to the penetration of the floor slab 7 into the ground, particularly when the earth cover is shallow. 12 and 13 are cross-sectional views showing the measures. FIG.
2 shows an example of preventing track deformation by taking measures against the roadbed. (A) is to improve the roadbed 16 below the roadbed 15 to have a two-layer structure of an upper roadbed 16a and a lower roadbed 16b to improve the adhesive force (c) of the upper roadbed 16a, while improving the adhesive force of the lower roadbed 16b. This is an example in which is reduced by using a surfactant or the like. (B) is an example in which the roadbed 16 is integrated with the retaining wall body 17 and the tie rod 18.
In this case, the roadbed 16 may be improved as shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 shows an example in which the floor slab 7 is subjected to a friction reducing process so as to facilitate the propulsion and towing work and to prevent the track from deforming. (A)
This is an example in which a low friction plate 19 made of SUS (stainless steel) or the like is attached to the upper surface of the floor slab 7 and fixed. (B) shows a plurality of strip-shaped low friction plates 19 on the upper surface of the floor slab 7.
And a low-friction plate 19 prior to the penetration of the upper slab 7.
Is pulled to a predetermined distance, and this is repeated.

(C) shows a roll-shaped low-friction material 2
0, and as the floor slab 7 penetrates into the ground, the low friction material 2
This is an example in which 0 is drawn out on the upper surface of the floor slab 7 in a sheet shape. In this case, the end of the sheet-shaped low friction material 20 is fixed to the shaft of the starting shaft. In addition, although not shown, the upper plate itself of the floor slab 7 may be made of a low friction material,
Further, as the floor slab 7 penetrates, a lubricant may be injected into the upper surface thereof.

In the above embodiment, the case where the vertical lining plates 3 are paired has been described. However, the present invention can of course be applied to the case where there are three or more vertical lining plates 3. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of connection between the floor slab 7 and the vertical lining plate 3 when there are three or more vertical lining plates 3. The uppermost lining element 2 of the vertical lining plate 3 is wider than the other elements, and the engaging portion 1 of the two adjacent floor slabs 7, 7 is provided.
Two engagement portions 13b, 13b with which 3a, 13a engage are provided. When there are three or more vertical lining plates 3, the width of the floor slab 7 does not necessarily have to correspond to the span between adjacent vertical lining plates, and may be larger. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, when there are three vertical lining plates 3, the number of the floor slabs 7 can be reduced to one instead of two.

FIGS. 16 to 18 show the drilling rig 9,
16 is a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal direction of the floor slab, FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view along the width direction of the floor slab, and FIG. 18 is a horizontal cross-sectional view.
The cutting edge 8 has a width substantially equal to the width of the floor slab 7 and is connected to the tip of the floor slab 7. The blade opening 8 has a front chamber 21 and a rear chamber 22 that open to the face side, and a discharging chamber 23 connected to the discharging element 6 is provided in the lower center. The discharge chamber 23 communicates with the front chamber 21 via a discharge port 24 provided at the bottom center of the front chamber 21.

A screw auger 25 is accommodated in the front chamber 21 so as to coincide with the width direction of the blade 8. A gear box 27 is provided at the center of the rotation shaft 26 of the screw auger 25.
Are provided, and both ends of the rotating shaft 26 are bearing blocks 28.
a, 28b rotatably supported. The bearing blocks 28a and 28b are slidably fitted in guide grooves 29 provided in the side wall of the front chamber 8 in a horizontal direction.

A hydraulic motor 30, which is a rotary drive member, is disposed in the rear chamber 22. An expansion joint 31 such as a spline joint is provided on a shaft 32 of the hydraulic motor 30. The shaft 32 of the hydraulic motor 30 projects into the front chamber 24,
In the gear box 27, the rotating shaft 26 is connected via a bevel gear or the like.
Drive-coupled.

In the rear chamber 22, bearing blocks 28a,
Corresponding to 28b, the hydraulic cylinder 3 which is a propulsion drive member
3a and 33b are arranged. The piston rods 34 of these hydraulic cylinders 33a, 33b project into the front chamber 21 and are connected to bearing blocks 28a, 28b, respectively. Therefore, by operating the hydraulic cylinders 33a and 33b in synchronization, the screw auger 25 can move forward and backward from the front chamber 21 toward the face.

The spiral wing 35 of the screw auger 25
The winding directions are opposite to each other on both sides of the gear box 27. Therefore, by setting the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 26 to a predetermined direction, the earth and sand excavated by the screw auger 25 To the center of the front chamber 21. The spiral blade 35 has a shape in which a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion are alternately repeated along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 26. This is to ensure that the soil can be discharged smoothly even when excavating a gravel layer or the like.

Next, the operation of the excavator will be described. Activate the hydraulic motor 30 and screw auger 25
Is rotated to excavate the face, and the floor slab 7 penetrates into the ground while excavating. The excavated earth and sand excavated by the screw auger 25 is transported by the transport chamber to the front chamber 21.
And discharged to the discharge chamber 23 through the discharge port 24. An earth discharging pipe 36 extending through the earth discharging element 6 is opened in the earth discharging chamber 23, and the excavated earth and sand is suctioned through the earth discharging pipe 36.

Here, the screw auger 25 is made to protrude from the front chamber 21 in accordance with the stratum of the face. That is, when the stratum is soft, the hydraulic cylinders 33a and 33b are operated in synchronism, and the screw auger 25 is projected to excavate in advance. This allows the blade 8 to penetrate without consolidating the ground. On the other hand, when a hard stratum such as a gravel layer is encountered, the screw auger 25 is retracted. In this embodiment, the excavated earth and sand is discharged from the center of the cutting edge 8, but the winding direction of the spiral blade 25 and the rotation axis 2
By selecting the rotation direction of 6, it is possible to discharge from both sides of the cutting edge 8. In this case, the earth discharging element 6 is attached in the manner shown in FIG.

When the floor slab 7 penetrates into the ground, it may be excavated by hand excavation without using the excavator as described above. In this case, FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 2, various measures can be taken. FIG.
9 shows an example in which a plurality of face holding plates 52 are accommodated in the cutting edge 8 along the width direction thereof. Each holding plate 52 is supported by the floor slab 7 via a telescopic rod 53 and a hydraulic cylinder 54 as a pressing drive member. In use, only the holding plate 52 corresponding to the face to be excavated is released, and other holding plates 52 are released.
Operates the hydraulic cylinder 54 to press and hold the face.

FIG. 20 shows an example in which the face holding plate 55 is composed of a plurality of slidable plates 55a, 55b and 55c. The holding plate 55 is rotatably supported at the upper end of the blade 8 via a pin 60, and a plurality of the holding plates 55 are provided along the width direction of the blade 8. When the upper stage of the face to be excavated is excavated, the entire holding plate 55 is rotated, and the face is pressed via the holding plate 55 by a pressing drive member such as a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). Less than,
After excavating the middle and lower sections of the face,
5b and the plate 55c are slid to press and hold the face.

FIGS. 21 and 22 show two sets of holding plate groups 56, 56, one set of which is a pair of face holding plates 56a, 56b. Each holding plate 56a, 56b can be bent at a plurality of positions. The example which comprised with the plate is shown. The holding plate 56a of each set is housed in a housing 57a provided at the center of the lower part of the floor slab 7, and the holding plate 56b
Are accommodated in accommodation portions 57b provided on both sides of the floor slab 7.

Here, assuming that the face has been excavated to the surface A, the surface A is pressed and held by the pressing drive member such as the hydraulic cylinder 54 via the holding plates 56a, 56a of each set. Subsequent to this state, the holding plates 56a, 56a are moved a predetermined distance (50 to 10) in the direction of the arrow.
0 cm), and the holding plate 56 is moved by the moving distance.
a and 56a are accommodated in the accommodation portion 57a. Then, the face A released by the movement of the holding plates 56a, 56a
Excavate the surface up to surface B. After excavation, the holding plate 56b,
The face 56b is pulled out from the housing portion 57b, and the face B is pressed and held by the holding plates 56b, 56b.

Hereinafter, the moving accommodation of the holding plate 56a, excavation, and drawing out of the holding plate 56b are repeated. Then, when the entire face has been excavated to the surface B, the moving and accommodating of the holding plate 56b, the excavation, and the pulling out of the holding plate 56a are repeated in the opposite manner, and such a cycle is repeated. Although two sets of face holding plate groups are used in the above embodiment, at least one set of face holding plate groups may be used.

Each of the above embodiments is a case of non-cutting work without excavating the ground above the vertical lining plate when the floor slab is constructed. This invention method is not limited to non-cutting work,
It can also be applied to open cuts. FIG. 23 shows a case of digging work. After the vertical lining plate 3 is laid, the ground above it, that is, the roadbed 15 is removed, and the roadbed 16 is cut. After digging,
By pulling (or propelling) the floor slab 7, it is slid along the upper ends of the guide element 5 and the vertical lining plate 3. After the construction, the roadbed 16 is backfilled and the roadbed 15 is constructed again.

Also in the case of this open-cutting work, an engaging portion for guiding as shown in FIG. 9 can be provided, and a pin connection or a rigid connection can be adopted as a connection form. In addition, floor slab 7
As in the case of the non-cutting work, a concrete or precast concrete one or a plurality of lining elements fixed in parallel can be used.

When the propulsion / traction distance of the floor slab is long, FIG.
As shown in (2), two floor slabs 7, 7 may be used in the longitudinal direction, and these floor slabs 7, 7 may be pulled (or propelled) from both the starting and reaching shafts. In this case, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, notch steps 37, 37 that engage with each other are provided at opposing ends of the floor slabs 7, 7.
An elastic sealing agent 38 for waterproofing may be filled between the seven. Further, a plate 39 such as an iron plate for waterproofing may be attached to the joint of the floor slabs 7,7.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, the slab corresponding to at least the span between the vertical lining plates is used as the lining material for the upper lining plate.
The number of times of towing work can be significantly reduced, so that the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced, track deformation does not occur, and labor by the operator can be saved. . .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a construction procedure of the present invention method.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a construction procedure subsequent to FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view showing a state in which a floor slab is penetrated and an upper floor lining plate is constructed following FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an earth discharging method.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the earth discharging method.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another example of the earth discharging method.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another example of the earth discharging method.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another example of the earth discharging method.

FIG. 9 is a view showing various forms of an engagement portion for guiding a floor slab and a vertical lining plate.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of rigid connection between a floor slab and a vertical lining plate.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another rigid connection example of the floor slab and the vertical lining plate.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a measure for a roadbed for preventing track deformation;

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another example of measures for a floor slab for preventing track deformation.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of connection with a floor slab when there are three or more vertical lining plates.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example in which one floor slab is used for three vertical lining plates.

FIG. 16 shows a drilling rig according to the invention;
It is sectional drawing along the longitudinal direction of a floor slab.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view of the excavator, taken along a width direction of a floor slab.

FIG. 18 is a horizontal sectional view of the excavator.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a face holding plate when excavating by hand digging.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the face holding plate.

FIG. 21 is a plan view showing another example of the face holding plate.

FIG. 22 is a sectional view of the one shown in FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a construction example in open-cutting.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a construction example in digging when the propulsion / traction distance is long.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion when two floor slabs are used in the longitudinal direction.

[Description of Signs] 1a: Starting shaft 1b: Arriving shaft 2: Vertical lining element 3: Vertical lining plate 5: Guide element 6: Element for earth removal 7: Floor plate 8: Blade opening 9: Drilling device 10: Upper floor Lining plates 13a, 13b: engaging portion 19: low friction plate 20: low friction material 21: front chamber 22: rear chamber 23: earth discharging chamber 24: earth discharging port 25: screw auger 26: rotating shaft 27: gear box 28a, 28b: Bearing block 29: Guide groove 30: Hydraulic motor 31: Expansion joint 33a, 33b: Hydraulic cylinder 35: Spiral wing 36: Discharge pipe 52, 55, 56a, 56b: Face holding plate

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kosho 2-2-2 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo East Japan Railway Company (72) Inventor Harumi Tabata 2-2-2 Yoyogi, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo No. East Japan Railway Company (72) Inventor Yoshio Mochizuki 2-53-3 Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Teppei Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Kyoei Kobayashi 2-53 Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo No. Tekken Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Satoshi Nakajima 2-3-3 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Tekken Construction Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-11-22366 (JP, A) Japanese Patent Publication No. 59 -27833 (JP, B2) JP-B 61-4959 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/04

Claims (21)

(57) [Claims] At least one pair of vertical lining plates for defining a tunnel section inside a ground and an upper floor lining plate connected to an upper part of the vertical lining plates before excavation of the tunnel. in constructing tunnels lining method as lining material of the top floor lining plate, the use of the floor plate having a width corresponding to the span between at least the vertical lining plate DOO
In addition, guides are provided on each slide surface of the floor slab and the vertical lining plate.
For the engagement portion, after the construction of the vertical lining plate, the floor slab and the vertical lining plate
Of the floor slab by engaging the respective engaging portions of
A tunnel lining method characterized by sliding along the upper end . 2. The construction according to claim 1, wherein, after the vertical lining plate is constructed, the floor slab is sunk along the upper end of the vertical lining plate without cutting while penetrating into the ground. Tunnel lining method. 3. The tunnel lining method according to claim 2, wherein said floor slab and said vertical lining plate are pin-connected. 4. The tunnel lining method according to claim 2, wherein the floor slab and the vertical lining plate are rigidly connected to each other. 5. The floor slab is connected to an excavator having a cutting edge at a tip end thereof, and the slab penetrates the ground while excavating by the excavator. 2. The tunnel lining method according to item 1. 6. The tunnel lining method according to claim 5, wherein an earth discharging element is fixed to a lower portion of the floor slab. 7. The tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a cutting edge is connected to a tip of the floor slab, and the floor slab penetrates the ground while being dug by hand dug. Lining method. 8. The tunnel lining method according to claim 7, wherein the excavation is performed while the face is held by the face holding member. 9. The tunnel lining method according to claim 5, wherein a friction reducing treatment is performed on an upper surface of the floor slab. 10. The tunnel lining method according to claim 9, wherein said friction reducing treatment is to fix a low friction plate on an upper surface of said floor slab. 11. The friction reducing process according to claim 1, wherein a low friction plate is pulled by a predetermined distance along an upper surface of the floor slab before the floor slab penetrates the ground. 9. The tunnel lining method according to 9. 12. The friction reducing process according to claim 1, wherein a low friction material in the form of a roll is accommodated in the cutting edge, and the low friction material is drawn out to the upper surface of the floor slab as the floor slab penetrates the ground. The tunnel lining method according to claim 9, wherein: 13. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the construction of the vertical lining plate, the ground above the vertical lining plate is cut, and then the floor slab is slid along the upper end of the vertical lining plate. Tunnel lining method. 14. The tunnel lining method according to claim 13, wherein the floor slab and the vertical lining plate are pin-connected. 15. The tunnel lining method according to claim 13, wherein the floor slab and the vertical lining plate are rigidly connected. 16. The tunnel lining method according to claim 1, wherein the floor slab is made of reinforced concrete or precast concrete. 17. The tunnel lining method according to claim 1, wherein the floor slab has a number of lining elements fixed in parallel. 18. The excavator used in the tunnel lining method according to claim 5, wherein the excavator has a width substantially equal to the width of the floor slab, and is connected to a tip end of the floor slab. An excavator, comprising: a screw auger housed in the cutting edge so that the screw auger coincides with a width direction of the cutting edge; and a rotation driving member for rotating the screw auger. 19. The excavator according to claim 18, wherein the spiral wings of the screw auger have opposite winding directions on both sides of a center portion of the rotating shaft. 20. The excavator according to claim 18 or 19, further comprising a propulsion drive member for projecting the screw auger from a cutting edge. 21. The screw auger spiral wing has a shape in which a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion are alternately repeated along an axial direction of the rotating shaft. Or the drilling rig of 20.