JP3065943B2 - Nozzle for combustion of water-mixed liquid fuel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a nozzle for burning a liquid fuel mixture. More specifically, the present invention relates to a water-mixing type liquid fuel combustion nozzle in which a water injection hole is provided in a nozzle tip portion of a hydraulic spray burner. By using this nozzle, fuel oil and water are mixed and immediately burned, thereby reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides and dust during combustion. In particular, for a poor fuel, a water injection hole is provided in the nozzle tip portion to prevent coke from adhering to the nozzle tip surface. The present invention can be used as a combustion method for reducing nitrogen oxides and soot in liquid fuels, particularly petroleum fuels such as kerosene, heavy fuel oil A, heavy fuel oil C, and heavy oil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is well known that an emulsion fuel obtained by adding water to a petroleum-based liquid fuel and atomizing them into a water-in-oil type emulsion reduces nitrogen oxides and dust in combustion exhaust gas. . Conventionally, this type of emulsion fuel has been produced by mixing a mixture of petroleum-based liquid fuel oil with water and an emulsifier such as a surfactant using a screw-type rotor or a homogenizer that passes through a narrow gap by high pressure. Alternatively, a method of stirring with a stirrer such as a colloid mill or the like by passing through a gap between two rotating plates or stirring with an ultrasonic stirrer is used.

[0003]

However, the conventional fuel oil emulsion technology has drawbacks such as the necessity of incorporating a stirring mechanism such as a mixer, which leads to an increase in the size of the apparatus, a large power consumption, and a high price. Was. Also,
These methods are difficult to incorporate inside the burner, and require a certain amount of time to burn because the emulsion fuel is adjusted and then supplied to the burner. Therefore, maintenance of the particle diameter of the emulsion fuel, that is, consideration of stability, rust-preventing surface, and the like is required, so that there has been a problem that a surfactant has to be added. In addition, Jiko No. 59-1346
Although there is a simple emulsifier as in No. 2, there is a shortcoming in that the stirring ability is slightly insufficient, and it is necessary to add a surfactant which is more expensive than fuel. In addition, in particular, in the case of burning inferior fuel such as heavy fuel, there is a problem that caulking occurs in the nozzle tip due to radiant heat.

The present invention aims to reduce nitrogen oxides and dust in exhaust gas discharged from a combustor or the like and to prevent coke from adhering to the nozzle chip surface. In order to solve the problem, we invented a combustion nozzle that mixes water and fuel oil with excellent durability, which makes the emulsion function compact, and at the same time enables use without the addition of surfactants. It is an object of the present invention to provide a technology for reducing NOx and soot and soot that conforms to the development of chemicals.

[0005]

A water mixing type liquid fuel combustion nozzle according to the present invention has a swirl chamber disposed in front of a nozzle tip spray port in a hydraulic spray burner and a plurality of grooves communicating with the swirl chamber. The fuel oil passage is formed such that the axis of the groove is inclined with respect to the axis of the nozzle tip spray port, and water is ejected in the middle of the groove which is the fuel oil passage. The outlet of the water passage is formed on the nozzle tip side so that fuel oil and water are simultaneously injected into the swirl chamber.
Or more are provided.

[0006] The nozzle for water-mixed liquid fuel combustion according to the present invention, which has the above-described structure, atomizes and mixes fuel oil and water with the stirring force of a violent vortex generated in the swirl chamber, and burns. In particular, by providing a water injection mechanism, that is, a water injection hole in the nozzle tip portion facing the swirl chamber, a mixture of fuel oil and water is produced by utilizing a vortex existing in the swirl chamber.

In the present invention, the number of water injection holes provided in the portion of the nozzle tip portion facing the swirl chamber or swirl groove is not particularly limited. However, in terms of the atomization effect and the cooling effect of the nozzle tip surface, two or more water injection holes are required. Or more is preferred. However, in the case of turning grooves, the maximum number is determined by the number of turning grooves. Also, the size of the water injection hole is not particularly limited,
It suffices if a predetermined amount of water can be injected, and it is determined by the water injection rate with respect to the fuel amount and the number of water injection holes. Further, the relationship between the angle of the swirl chamber or the swirl groove and the injection hole is not particularly limited.

As described above, according to the present invention, in a hydraulic spray burner, a water injection hole is provided on a nozzle tip side of a disk and a nozzle tip constituting a swirling chamber at the tip of the burner.
A water-mixing type liquid fuel combustion nozzle characterized in that water is injected into a swirl chamber or a swirl groove to efficiently stir and mix with a swirl existing there and burn immediately thereafter.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments. [Embodiment 1] FIGS. 1 to 3 show one embodiment of a nozzle for water-mixed liquid fuel combustion according to the present invention, in which four water injection holes are provided from the nozzle tip to the swirl chamber. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the entirety, FIG. 2 is a front view, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a nozzle tip portion. The fuel oil F pressurized by the injection pump flows inside the fixture 1 along the disk 2, enters the fuel oil reservoir 3, is accelerated through the swirl groove 4, is guided to the swirl chamber 5, and is swirled. Become. On the other hand, the water is nozzle tip 6
The water enters the swirling chamber 5 through a water injection hole 8 through a water supply channel 7 provided inside the inside. The water that has entered the swirling chamber 5 merges with the fuel oil that is in a swirl state, and is vigorously stirred and mixed by the stirring force of the swirl. The fuel in which the fuel oil and water are uniformly mixed is immediately sprayed from the spray port 9 of the nozzle tip and burned.

[Embodiment 2] FIGS. 4 to 6 show another embodiment of the nozzle for burning a water-mixed liquid fuel according to the present invention.
Four water injection holes are provided from the nozzle tip toward the turning groove. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the whole, FIG. 5 is a front view,
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the nozzle tip portion. The fuel oil F pressurized by the injection pump flows inside the fixture 1 along the disk 2, enters the fuel oil reservoir 3, and is guided to the swirling chamber 5 through the swirl groove 4. On the other hand, the water passes through a water supply passage 7 provided inside the nozzle tip 6, enters the swirl groove 4 from the water injection hole 8, and joins the fuel oil. The fuel oil and water that have joined in the swirl groove 4 enter the swirl chamber 5 and are vigorously stirred and mixed by the stirring force generated by the swirl generated there. Then, the fuel in which the fuel oil and water are uniformly dispersed is immediately sprayed from the nozzle tip spray port 9 and burned.

[0011]

The water-mixing type liquid fuel combustion nozzle according to the present invention does not need to incorporate a stirrer or the like into the mixing of the fuel oil and water, and utilizes the stirring ability of the latent fluid. Nozzle. Further, since the mixing of the fuel oil and water is performed inside the nozzle tip immediately before spraying, that is, at a portion very close to the tip of the nozzle tip which leads to immediate combustion after mixing, the mixture required for the emulsion fuel of the prior art is required. There is no requirement for stability or rust prevention. Therefore, there is an advantage that there is no need to use a surfactant. In addition, since it is sprayed instantly after mixing, water is supplied to the combustion site in a state where water is uniformly dispersed in the fuel oil, and is equivalent to a conventional emulsion fuel using a surfactant. NOx or soot is reduced. In addition, since the water is passed through the inside of the nozzle tip, the nozzle tip, which tends to be hot, is kept at a relatively low temperature. This has the effect of preventing the obstacle that coke adheres to the surface. Furthermore, the nozzle for water-mixed liquid fuel combustion according to the present invention does not have a driving part such as a rotor for mixing fuel oil and water, and therefore is excellent in durability.

[0012]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a nozzle for water-mixed liquid fuel combustion according to the present invention, in which four water injection holes are provided from a nozzle tip portion toward a swirling chamber.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a nozzle tip portion of the nozzle for water-mixed liquid fuel combustion of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a nozzle tip portion of the nozzle for water-mixed liquid fuel combustion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a nozzle for water-mixed liquid fuel combustion according to the present invention, in which four water injection holes are provided from a nozzle tip toward a swirl groove.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a nozzle tip portion of the nozzle for water-mixed liquid fuel combustion of FIG. 4;

6 is a sectional view of a nozzle tip portion of the nozzle for water-mixed liquid fuel combustion of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fixture 7 Water supply channel 2 Disk 8 Water injection hole 3 Fuel oil reservoir 9 Spray port 4 Swirling groove F Fuel oil 5 Swirling chamber W Water 6 Nozzle tip

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] In a hydraulic spray burner, a swirling chamber is arranged in front of a nozzle tip spraying port, and a plurality of grooves communicating with the swirling chamber are provided on a tip inclined surface of a nozzle disk portion, and the axis of the groove is adjusted. A fuel oil passage is formed so as to be inclined with respect to the axis of the nozzle tip spray port, and an outlet of the water passage is formed on the nozzle tip portion side so that water is ejected in the middle of the groove which is the fuel oil passage. And a water mixing type liquid fuel combustion nozzle, wherein the nozzle and the water are simultaneously injected into the swirl chamber. 2. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein two or more outlets of the water passage are provided.