JP3062085U - Opposite-axis magnetic brushless DC motor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide a brushless DC motor having an opposed axial magnetic field. SOLUTION: One rotor having a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a conformal annular arrangement and having two adjacent permanent magnets having opposite axial magnetic fields, two rotors installed so as to face two axial sides of the rotor. Two stators, each of which has a plurality of equiangularly arranged annularly arranged on the inner surface facing the rotor and sandwiches the rotor, and has at least one set of windings in each electromagnetic region. Two stators with wire coils, having at least one sensor element, detecting the phase angle and rotation speed of the rotor to control the DC current direction of the winding coil and its on / off, respectively, between the winding coil and the rotor A control system for forming at least one motor characteristic, the sensor element detects a change in the rotation speed of the rotor, and the motors operate simultaneously, independently, or in combination. The motor is operated by another motor system.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

[Technical field to which the invention belongs]

 The present invention relates to a type of brushless DC motor, and more particularly, to a type of brushless DC motor with opposed axial magnetic field, which can be converted into a type of medium and low rotation speed, large torque, high power, and one or more types of rotation speed and torque characteristics. About.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Most of the known motors have a "radial magnetic field", so the bearing of the rotor is slightly single-sided, the number of poles and space utilization are relatively low, and an ideal structure is not considered. I could not say it. Some well-known motors use an “axial magnetic field”, but the AC system uses a single-phase, two-phase or three-phase synchronous / asynchronous induction motor, permanent magnet step motor, magnetoresistive motor, and permanent magnet synchronous motor. It was a motor.

[0003] With the continuous strong magnetization of magnetic steel materials, and the widespread use of rubidium iron boron alkali rare earth magnetic steel and the rationalization of prices, permanent magnet DC motors have become more widely used in various fields. Because it uses large quantities of ferromagnetic material, at the same power, a permanent magnet DC motor is smaller in volume, lighter in weight and thinner in thickness, saving more energy resources. The application area, the characteristic curve and the expression of the permanent magnet DC motor were superior to the AC motor. Furthermore, in recent years, the semiconductor industry has rapidly developed, and the expression of brushless DC motors in the area of electronic and digital service control has been remarkable.

[0004] However, to date, no literature describes an axial magnetic field brushless DC motor in an opposing or multi-dial opposing combination.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

 The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of opposed axial magnetic field brushless DC motor, which has one or more combinations of rotation speed and torque characteristic curve.

[0006] A second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of brushless DC motor having a counter-axial magnetic field, which can relatively double the number of poles of the electric machine, increase the space utilization rate, and have a relatively large number. It is assumed that torque can be output.

[0007] A third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of brushless DC motor having an opposed axial magnetic field. Is made uniform and the operation is made quiet.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The invention according to claim 1 comprises one rotor, comprising a plurality of equiangularly arranged permanent magnets, two adjacent permanent magnets having opposing axial magnetic fields, the axial direction of the rotor. A plurality of electromagnetic fields are provided on the inner surface facing the rotor and opposed to the rotor. At least one set of winding coils is provided, and two stators and at least one sensor element are provided to detect a phase angle and a rotation speed of the rotor, and to determine a DC current direction of the winding coils and on / off thereof. A control system for controlling and forming at least one motor characteristic between the winding coil and the rotor, respectively, when different rotational speed and torque characteristics are required, Sensor elements detect changes in the rotational speed of the rotor and operate these motors at the same time, operate one motor alone, or combine other types of motor operation. Thus, an opposing axial magnetic field brushless DC motor is constructed so as to be able to convert to different torque characteristics and output. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the brushless DC motor according to the first aspect, wherein the control system is a DC three-phase six-wire bridge phase conversion control system. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the brushless DC motor according to the first aspect, wherein the control system is an electronic phase conversion shift control system. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the brushless DC motor according to the first aspect, wherein the sensor element is a Hall IC. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the brushless DC motor according to the first aspect, wherein the electromagnetic region includes a pressure wound iron core.

[0009]

[Embodiment of the invention]

 The present invention includes one rotor, two stators, and one control system. The rotor comprises a plurality of equiangularly arranged annularly arranged permanent magnets with opposing axial magnetic fields between two adjacent magnets. The two stators are opposed to each other on two sides in the axial direction of the rotor, and a plurality of electromagnetic regions are arranged on an inner surface facing the rotor, each having a plurality of equiangularly arranged annularly arranged two facing each other. There is at least one set of winding coils in each one electromagnetic region. The control system comprises at least one sensor element, which is used to detect the phase angle and rotation speed of the rotor, the control system as well as the DC current direction of these winding coils and their on / off. It is controllable and is used to form at least one motor M1, M2,... Between the winding coil and the rotor. When different rotational speed and torque characteristics are required, the sensor elements detect different rotational speed changes, so that these motors can be operated simultaneously with M1 + M2 +... Or one of the motors M1, M2. ,... Can be controlled independently or in combination with other types of motors, and can be converted into different torque characteristics and output.

[0010] The control system of the present invention can employ a DC phase conversion control system, or an AC rectification DC phase conversion control system, or a manual control system, or any other control system having an equivalent effect, but preferably an electronic phase conversion system. A conversion shift DC three-phase six-wire bridge control system may be used, that is, the motor operates on the principle of electronic shifting. As the sensor element, various well-known Hall elements can be used, or other elements capable of detecting the phase angle magnetic pole position can be used. Preferably, a Hall IC is used.

The motors of the present invention are different from each other (M1 ≠ M2 ≠...) Or are equal to each other (M1 = M2 =...). These winding coils of each electromagnetic region are wound around an iron core, and preferably a pressure-winding type iron core is used.

The present invention can also use one or more rotors, and a pair of stators are mounted on two axial sides of each rotor so as to face each other, so that a combination of various types of motors can be used. It can be formed and have a variety of different torque characteristic transformations.

[0013] The plurality of permanent magnets of the rotor are equiangularly arranged on the rotor in an annular manner by fitting, bonding, tightening, or other combinations. Preferably, a plurality of unpolarized magnetic steels are placed in a molding die, and a non-magnetic material such as aluminum alloy, engineering plastic, BMC, DMC or other thermosetting resin is injected or molded into the die. After press-fitting and integrally forming, these magnetic steels are tightly covered with a non-magnetically conductive material, taken out, and then subjected to a surface treatment treatment. Further, these magnetic steels are partially or entirely charged to form permanent magnets.

[0014]

【Example】

 In order to specifically explain the technical contents of the present invention, two embodiments will be specifically described here. FIGS. 1 and 2 show one embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is particularly applied to a brushless DC motor having a low and medium rotational speed, a large torque and a high power of an electric vehicle.

In this embodiment, a three-phase bipolar brushless DC motor is used, and therefore, 16 permanent magnets 31 are annularly arranged at an equal angle on the rotor 3 installed on the shaft 5, and two permanent magnets 31 are provided adjacent to each other. Opposite axial magnetic fields are generated between the matching permanent magnets 31. This rotor 3 places 16 uncharged magnetic steels in a molding die, and injects a non-magnetically conductive material such as aluminum alloy, engineer plastic, BMC, DMC or other thermosetting resin into the molding die. Or, they are press-fitted and integrally molded, these magnetic steels are tightly covered with a non-magnetically conductive material, and after removal, surface treatment is performed. It is a permanent magnet 31.

The two stators 1, 2 are disposed opposite to each other on the two axial sides of the rotor 3, and 24 are equiangularly arranged on the inner side surfaces 10, 20 facing the rotor 3, respectively, each having 24 equiangular rings. Further, electromagnetic regions 11 and 21 facing each other are provided. In this embodiment, the same toothed electromagnetic region 11 (21) is formed by winding two sets of winding coils 12, 13 (22, 23) around the inner end and the outer end of a single pressure wound core.

FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 are views showing a three-phase winding coil of the present embodiment. To describe the stator 1 as an example, the winding method is as follows. Twenty-four electromagnetic regions 11 of the stator 1 are divided into three sets arranged in the order of A, B, and C and arranged at intervals. The winding coil 12 belonging to the set (or the set B or C) is first individually wound around the inner end of the iron core, and then connected to each other, and the winding coil 1 belonging to the set A (or the set B or C). 3 are first wound around the outer end of the iron core and then connected to each other. The same applies to the stator 2.

The electronic phase conversion shift DC three-phase six-wire bridge control system 4 used in the present embodiment will be described below. FIG. 6 is a view showing the switching structure of the bridge structure and the M1, M2, and M1 + M2NO field power switches. Since this is a well-known structure and is not the focus of the present invention, the description is omitted. The sensor element 40 of the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 detects the phase angle and the rotation speed of the rotor 3 by three Hall ICs (H1, H2, H3).

Thus, after the electronic phase conversion shift DC three-phase six-wire bridge control system 4 detects the phase angle and the rotation speed conversion of the rotor 3 by these Hall ICs (H1, H2, H3), the same system is used. For the winding coils 12, 13 (or 22, 23) of the same electromagnetic region 11 (or 21) of the stator 1 (or 2), control whether to pass DC current in the same direction or to ground simultaneously, and Controlling whether to pass DC currents in different directions or ground to the winding coils 12, 13 (22, 23) of three different and adjacent electromagnetic regions A, B, C in each set; Thus, each set of three-phase adjacent electromagnetic regions 11 (or 21) has six types of changing axial magnetic field combinations, and two opposing electromagnetic regions 11, 21 of different stators 1, 2 Control is performed so as to have the opposite axial magnetic field or to be grounded at the same time to become a zero magnetic field, and to be able to change direction in turn. Therefore, it is possible to form the characteristics of one motor M2 between the winding coils 12, 22 of the two opposing electromagnetic regions 11, 21 of the different stators 1, 2 and the rotor 3, and to form the characteristic between the winding coils 13, 23 and the rotor In addition, another characteristic of the motor M1 can be formed.

When the electric vehicle starts to start from the zero rotation speed V ₀ and a large torque is required, these Hall ICs (H1, H2, H3) detect the slow rotation speed of the rotor 3 and perform electronic phase conversion. The shift DC three-phase six-wire bridge control system 4 controls whether DC currents having different phase differences are passed or grounded to the winding coils 12, 13, 22, and 23. Operating according to the principle, the motor M2 and the motor M1 simultaneously apply a force to the rotor 3, and have a motor characteristic of M1 + M2. 7 to 12 are sectional operation display diagrams in which the rotor 3 continuously moves by receiving a repulsive force converted in the order of the winding coils 12, 13, 22, and 23 on the two sides. , A kind of dual motor operation mode is set, and the torque characteristic curve is as shown in FIG.

The rotation speed after start-up gradually increases, and when the Hall ICs (H 1, H 2, H 3) detect the low rotation speed V _L of the rotor 3, the control system ₄ simply differs for the winding coils 12, 22. The control is switched so as to control whether the phase difference DC current is passed or grounded. FIG. 13 shows the operation mode of the single motor M2.

When the rotation speed further increases to the high rotation speed V _H , the control system 4 further controls whether to pass a DC current having a different phase difference to the winding coils 13 and 23 or to ground. FIG. 14 shows the operation mode of the single motor M1.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between the rotation speed V—the rotation speed and the torque T. In this embodiment, the dual motor M1 + M2 simultaneous operation is controlled by converting the current at appropriate times at different rotation speeds. Alternatively, it can have a single motor M2, M1 isolated operation mode, forming a combination of three different torque curves, having different torque output characteristics similar to one kind of hyperbolic curve, and Phase conversion, electronic shift shifting It can have the function of an electric vehicle.

In addition, because of the dual opposed stator, the number of poles of the electric machine is relatively doubled, the space utilization is increased, and an output larger than the torque of the radial magnetic field motor having the same volume can be obtained. In addition, since these motors apply an average force so as to face each other from both sides, the receiving force on both sides becomes uniform, and the operation becomes quiet.

FIG. 16 shows another embodiment of the present invention, the structure of which is almost the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, except that it has two rotors 3 and 3 ′, and one rotor 3, The stators 1, 2, 1 ', 2' are provided on two sides of the 3 'so that four electric motors M1, M2, M3, M4 can be formed, which can be used alone or in combination with each other. Thus, a greater variety of different torque conversions can be formed. As shown in the figure, the two adjacent electromagnetic sets 2, 2 'of this embodiment are integrally formed, which saves space and cost, but can be separated and installed. The purpose and effect of the invention can be achieved.

[0026]

[Effects of the Invention] The brushless DC motor for the opposed axial magnetic field of the present invention can be converted into medium and low rotation speed, large torque, high power, and one or more kinds of rotation speed and torque characteristics. The means, effects, and effects are all different from the characteristics of the well-known technology, and it can be said that the invention has novelty, practicality, and industrial value.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial exploded view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a three-phase winding coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a three-phase winding coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase winding coil according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a DC three-phase six-wire bridge electronic phase conversion shift control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a continuous motion cross-sectional operation during dual motor operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a continuous motion cross-sectional operation during dual motor operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a continuous motion cross-sectional operation during dual motor operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a continuous motion sectional operation during dual motor operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a view showing a continuous motion cross-sectional operation during dual motor operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a continuous motion cross-sectional operation during dual motor operation of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a single motor operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a view showing a single motor operation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a rotation speed-torque relationship curve diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1 'Stator 10 Inner surface 11 Electromagnetic region 12 Winding coil 13 Winding coil 2, 2' Stator 20 Inner surface 21 Electromagnetic region 22 Winding coil 23 Winding coil 3, 3 'Rotor 31 Permanent magnet 4 Control system 40 Sensor element 5 Core axis H1, H2, H3 Hall IC M1, M2, M3, M4 Motor

Claims (5)

[Utility model registration claims] 1. One rotor and two stators comprising a plurality of equiangularly arranged permanent magnets, wherein two adjacent permanent magnets have opposing axial magnetic fields. Electromagnetic regions are provided so as to be opposed to the two axial sides of the rotor, and are formed in a plurality of equiangularly annular shapes on the inner surface opposed to the rotor and opposed to each other with the rotor interposed therebetween. At least one set of winding coils is provided in one electromagnetic region, the two stators are provided with at least one sensor element, the phase angle and the rotation speed of the rotor are detected, and the DC current direction of the winding coils is determined. One control system that controls its on / off to form at least one motor characteristic between the winding coil and the rotor, respectively. When necessary, the sensor element detects changes in the different rotational speeds of the rotor and operates these motors simultaneously,
Alternatively, one of the motors may be operated independently, or a combination thereof may be operated by another type of motor to convert and output torque characteristics different from each other. . 2. The brushless DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the control system is a DC three-phase six-wire bridge phase conversion control system. 3. The brushless DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the control system is an electronic phase conversion shift control system. 4. The brushless DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the sensor element is a Hall IC. 5. The brushless DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic region includes a pressure wound iron core.