JP3011011B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to correction of parameters for controlling an electronic musical instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a synthesizer, a player can freely change various parameters to realize a desired timbre and effect, and further store them so that they can be reproduced as needed. However, it is difficult for a beginner to change tone and effect parameters with a synthesizer. In particular, with respect to parameters having key scaling, the number of parameters is large and complicated operations are required even for an expert, such as when the user wants to easily change the parameters.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to make it possible to collectively correct a parameter group having a large number of parameters, such as a key-scaled parameter, with a small number of parameters.

[0004]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic musical instrument for controlling characteristics of a musical tone to be generated based on a musical tone control parameter. Parameter setting means for independently setting a first parameter and a second parameter for defining a possible range in association with the pitch of the musical tone, and a tone for generating pitch information indicating the pitch of the tone to be generated A pitch information generating unit, based on the pitch information and the input operation amount information, set to a value within the value settable range defined by the first parameter and the second parameter corresponding to the pitch information The tone control parameter is generated, and the increasing / decreasing direction of the value of the tone control parameter is determined based on the magnitude relationship between the first parameter and the second parameter. A parameter generation control means to increase or decrease the same direction or in the reverse direction of the work volume, and comprising the. The invention described in claim 2 is claim 1
In the invention described above, the tone control parameter is a sound image localization parameter, and a sound image localization unit that controls a sound image localization position by the sound image localization parameter is provided. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, input means for inputting the first parameter and the second parameter corresponding to a specific pitch, and Interpolation parameter generating means for performing an interpolation process based on the corresponding first parameter and the second parameter to generate first and second parameters corresponding to other pitches than the specific pitch. It is characterized by having. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, the first parameter and the second parameter corresponding to the specific pitch and the pitch other than the specific pitch generated by the interpolation parameter generating means are provided. A parameter storage unit for storing a first parameter and a second parameter corresponding to another pitch; and storing the value of the musical tone control parameter based on the operation amount information input in real time and the storage content of the parameter storage unit. It is characterized in that it is changed in real time within the value settable range.

[0005]

According to the above arrangement, the tone control parameter corresponding to the operation amount information can be generated within an appropriate range corresponding to the pitch of the tone. Furthermore, the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the tone control parameter can be set independently of each other, and the increasing / decreasing direction of the tone control parameter with respect to the increase / decrease of the operation amount information can be changed only by setting the first parameter and the second parameter. Can be.

[0006]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. In this figure, a control unit 1 controls the operation of an electronic musical instrument by sequentially reading and executing programs stored in a ROM 10. The ROM 10 stores, in addition to programs, tone color parameters, a conversion table for sound image localization, and the like. The RAM 9 is provided for temporarily storing variables used when the control unit 1 executes a program. The panel 6 includes a plurality of switches, a plurality of operators, a display for displaying an operation state of the electronic musical instrument, and the like.

The keyboard 8 is composed of a plurality of keys and a number of switch circuits. The switch circuits are periodically scanned in order to obtain various types of information relating to key press and key release operations by the player. As soon as the performer performs a key press or key release operation, information such as a key code, velocity, and aftertouch relating to key press and key release is obtained and transmitted to the control unit 1.

When the control section 1 obtains various information from the keyboard 8, it performs data processing according to a program and sends the obtained parameters to the sound source 2. The sound source 2 generates two series of digital musical tone signals in accordance with the parameters given from the control unit 1 and sends them to the sound image localization unit 3. The sound image localization unit 3 performs a process of localizing the input tone signal at an arbitrary position, and outputs the signal to the DAC 4. The DAC 4 converts the digital tone signal into an analog tone signal, amplifies the signal to a level indicated by a volume control (not shown) in an SS (sound system) 5, and converts the signal into an acoustic signal.
Sound is emitted.

The details of the sound image localization unit 3 in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The sound image localization unit 3 is composed of two sound image localization blocks 31 and 32 in order to independently localize sound images of two series of tone signals generated by the sound source 2. The tone signals 1 and 2 are input to sound image localization blocks 31 and 32, respectively. Since the configurations of the sound image localization blocks 31 and 32 are exactly the same, the description will be made only for the sound image localization block 31.

The tone signal 1 is divided into two parts,
0 and 21 are respectively input. On the other hand, the sound image localization data is transmitted from the control unit 1 via the register 25 to the conversion table 2.
4 is supplied to the multipliers 20 and 21 and supplied as multiplier coefficients. The outputs of the multipliers 20 and 21 are supplied to adders 22 and 23. The tone image localization block 32 is also used for the tone signal 2.
Then, the same processing as the tone signal 1 is performed, and the output signal is
The signals are supplied to adders 22 and 23. In the adders 22 and 23, the tone signals 1 and 2 subjected to the sound image localization processing are added, and are output to the DAC 4 as L output and R output.

FIG. 7 shows a conversion table 24 which converts a numerical value (0 to 100) corresponding to the input sound image localization position into a coefficient to be supplied to the multipliers 20 and 21 and outputs the coefficient.
This conversion table is set to have such a characteristic that the tone signal 1 is converted into a coefficient so that the volume of the audibility becomes constant, no matter where the tone signal 1 is located.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the main routine. When the power of the electronic musical instrument is turned on by the player, the control unit 1 performs an initial setting (s1). Specifically, this is an operation of initializing a register or sending predetermined tone color data to the sound source 2, and is a process for enabling a player to immediately perform and set various settings.

Next, the control unit 1 executes a tone color selection process (s
2), sound image localization data change processing (s3), keyboard processing (s
4) The sound image localization process (s5) and other processes (s6) are executed, and the process returns to s2. The main routine repeatedly executes the processing of s2 to s6, but the processing of each step performs the corresponding processing only when there is a performance or operation by a player or an event from an external electronic musical instrument, a sequencer, or the like. . Therefore, when there is no event, s2
s6 is executed at high speed.

In the timbre selection process (s2), when a player selects a timbre to be used for a tune to be played by a timbre selection switch (not shown) on the panel 6, a corresponding color is selected from the ROM 10 according to the selected timbre number. The tone color data to be read is read out, and the read tone color data is sent to all the channels of the sound source 2. Note that the sound color data also includes sound image localization information, which is sent to the sound image localization unit 3. In the sound image localization data change process (s3), when the performer changes the sound image localization data, a corresponding process is performed, which will be described in detail later.

In the keyboard processing (s4), when a player presses the keyboard 8 and key press and key release information generated is supplied to the control unit 1, corresponding processing is performed. That is,
If the information from the keyboard section 8 is a key press event, a vacant channel of the sound source 2 is searched for and a sounding instruction is issued to that channel. In the case of a key release event, a mute instruction is issued to the channel of the sound source 2 that is emitting the sound of the released key. Detailed processing of the sound image localization processing (s5) will also be described later. In other processes (s6), processes not related to this embodiment are executed. For example, processing related to transmission and reception of MIDI data with an external electronic musical instrument, a sequencer, or the like.

When the control section 1 executes the sound image localization data change processing (s3) of the main routine shown in FIG. 8, a subroutine shown in FIG. 9 is executed. In s10, it is determined whether or not the change range of the sound image localization position has been changed. These are the controls, 6a-6b, in the panel 6 by the player.
When the left localization limit value Llim or the right localization limit value Rlim is changed by operating
es "and goes to s11. With these controls,
If Llim or Rlim is not changed, the result of the determination is "no", the process returns to the main routine, and proceeds to s4.

Here, the change of the sound image localization range of the player will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a screen displayed on the display 7 and some of the operators on the panel 6.
When the player changes the preset sound image localization range, such a screen is displayed and the cursor keys 6a,
Use 6b to move the cursor and decrement key 6
c, The numerical value is changed using the increment key 6d.
The cursor position is shaded. Where Lli
Changing the values of m and Rlim changes the length of the black bar. The boundaries of this black part are Llim and Rl
This is the value indicated by im.

The player operates the cursor keys 6a shown in FIG.
The cursor position is moved by operating 6b. The cursor position is indicated by hatching. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the area displaying the numerical value 0.8 is the cursor position. The cursor position is moved by operating the cursor keys 6a and 6b. That is, when the cursor key 6a is pressed, the cursor position moves rightward,
Pressing b moves the cursor position to the left. here,
When the player operates the numerical value setting keys 6c and 6d, the numerical value displayed at the cursor position is changed. The numerical value decreases by 0.1 each time the numerical value setting key 6c is pressed once, and increases by 0.1 each time the numerical value setting key 6d is pressed.

FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (d) show variations of the display form by numerical values of Llim and Rlim. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are painted black because the value of Rlim is larger than the value of Llim, but FIGS. 4 (c) and 4 (d) are because the value of Rlim is smaller than the value of Llim. For the sake of distinction, the range of the sound image localization is indicated by white oblique lines. These Rli
The values of m and Llim are used to change a predetermined sound image localization range. Since the predetermined sound image localization range differs depending on the pitch of a sound to be generated, it is determined by setting some breakpoints.

FIG. 5 shows an example of setting a breakpoint relating to the sound image localization. One of the breakpoints can determine the range of sound image localization at any key code. If the number of breakpoints is increased, finer setting is possible, but here, four points are set. The sound image localization range between break points is determined by connecting adjacent break points with a straight line. More specifically, in FIG. 5, the break point 1 (BP1) is set to the key code 21, and the range of the sound image localization at that point is R
It is 95 from (right limit localization position) to 0 of L (left limit localization position). Similarly, BP2, BP3, and BP4 are set to key codes 40, 80, and 108, respectively.
The sound image moves in the range of 10, 60 to 50, and 100 to 55.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the setting example of FIG. 5 in an easy-to-understand manner, in which regions formed by connecting the break points with straight lines are shaded. This portion is the moving range of the sound image. In this embodiment, the set value of the breakpoint is preset. The change may be made by the player, but in this case, the change is made in a mode different from the settings of Rlim and Llim. That is, if Rlim and Llim are set in the normal performance mode, breakpoints are set in the edit mode.

The edit mode has a hierarchical structure in which a relatively simple level 1 and a level 2 in which all parameters can be edited are set. Rlim and Llim are set in the level 1 edit mode, and breakpoints are set in the level 2 edit mode. Mode.

Using the left and right limit values at the breakpoint described above, the left and right correction limit values at the breakpoint are calculated using the following equation. MBPi_R = (BPi_R-BPi_L) * Rlim + BPi_L MBPi_L = (BPi_R-BPi_L) * Llim + BPi_L (i = 1
４4) Specifically, when Llim and Rlim are set to 0.3 and 0.8 as shown in FIG. 3, the modified panning key scaling breakpoint is MBP1_R = (95−0) * 0.8 + 0 = 7.
6, MBP1_L = (95-0) * 0.3 + 0 = 28.5.

Similarly, MBP2_R, MBP2_L, MBP3_R, MBP3_L,
When MBP4_R and MBP4_L are calculated, they are as shown in FIG. The left and right correction limit values at the breakpoint obtained here are equal to part of the MAX and MIN tables. That is, MAX [21] = MBP1_R, MIN [21] = MBP1_L, MA
X [40] = MBP2_R, MIN [40] = MBP2_L, MAX [8
0] = MBP3_R, MIN [80] = MBP3_L, MAX [108] =
Since MBP4_R and MIN [108] = MBP4_L, based on this, MAX [0 to 127] and MIN [0 to 12] are obtained by linear interpolation.
7]. The MAX and MIN values over all keys obtained in this way are stored in RAM in a format as shown in FIG.
9 is stored.

Note that MAX [0 to 12] is obtained by using linear interpolation.
7], and a method of obtaining MIN [0 to 127] is well-known, and thus description thereof is omitted. In this embodiment, the key code smaller than MBP1, the MAX value for the key code larger than MBP4, MIN
The value shall be equal to the value at each breakpoint. In the example of FIG. 11, the MAX value and the MIN value of the key code 21 or less and the key code of 108 or more are MB.
P1_R is 76, MBP1_L is 28.5, MBP4_R is 91, MBP4_L
Is 68.5. The required MAX value across all keys,
FIG. 12 shows the MIN value in a diagram. The method of interpolation is not limited to linear interpolation, and a method using another function can be used.

As described above, the left and right correction limit values at the break point are calculated and obtained (s11), and the MAX and MIN tables are created and stored in the RAM 9 (s12). In this embodiment, since one tone is composed of two sequences, the sound image localization positions of the tone signals 1 and 2 are also generally different.
That is, there are breakpoints that determine the sound image localization ranges for the tone signals 1 and 2, respectively. Therefore s1
Steps 1 and 2 are performed for two systems. However, Llim, Rlim
Is commonly used. Even if you want to reduce the change width of the sound image or bias it to the left or right by this, you only need to change two parameters, Llim and Rlim, which is easy for beginners to use and is effective when you want to adjust quickly .

For the sake of distinction, the MAX and MIN tables relating to the tone signal 1 and the tone signal 2 are defined as MAX1, MIN1, and MAX.
2, MIN2. After that, returning to the main routine, s4
Proceed to.

When the control section 1 executes s4, the processing relating to the keyboard is performed. That is, when the keyboard 8 is played by a player, key press, key release information,
Information such as pitch information, aftertouch, velocity, and the like is sent to the control unit 1, and processing according to the information is performed. When a new key press occurs, an unused unused channel among the tone generation channels of the tone generator 2 is found, and pitch information and velocity information are sent to the channel to instruct sound generation. If there are no free channels, truncate the channel with the most attenuation. When key release information is generated, a channel that generates a musical tone having a released key pitch is searched, and a mute instruction is sent to that channel.

When the control section 1 executes s5, it calls a sound image localization subroutine shown in FIG. In s20, it is determined whether the real-time information has changed. Real-time information includes keyboard information such as envelope generator, LFO (low frequency oscillator), aftertouch, velocity, etc.
Any information such as controls such as sliders and wheels, external electronic musical instruments connected via MIDI, sequencers, and control change information from a computer may be used. It is assumed that it changes in the range of 1. Those that do not fall within the range of 0 to 1 are used after being normalized to the range of 0 to 1.

As an example, an output when a wheel on the panel 6 is operated is used as real-time information. Now, when the player operates the wheel, the real-time information changes, so the determination result in s20 is “yes”.
s "and goes to s21. In s21, sound image localization position information is obtained according to the following equation: sound image localization position information = real-time data * (MAX (key) -MIN (key)) + MIN (key).
The sound image localization position information obtained in s21 is sent to the sound image localization unit 3.

The calculation of the sound image localization position information is performed for all the sounds that are sounding. However, for simplicity of explanation,
Assuming that only the third sound is sounding, the key code 60 of C3
, The MAX [60], M stored in the RAM 6 in s12
IN [60] is read, and sound image localization position information is obtained using the above equation. Actually, since the sound source is a two-line sound source, MAX1
[60], MIN1 [60], MAX2 [60], MIN2 [6
0] is read out and sent to the sound image localization blocks 31 and 32 for sound image localization information. Then, the process returns to the main routine. When there is no change in the real-time information in s20, the process returns to the main routine. Here, the meaning of creating the MAX and MIN tables will be clear. That is, every time the real-time information changes, the control unit 1 must read the MAX value and the MIN value corresponding to the pitch at which the sound is being generated, and calculate using the above formula. If the MAX and MIN tables are not created, in addition to the calculations in the above formula, calculations by linear interpolation based on breakpoints must be performed. In this case, the response characteristics are deteriorated, and there is a possibility that the performance may be hindered. By creating the MAX and MIN tables at the time of correction, it is possible to minimize the amount of computation during performance and improve playability.

FIG. 4B shows the values of Llim and Rlim as Llim>
Rlim was set. By doing this, the values of MAX and MIN
MAX <MIN (when BPi_L and BPi_R at preset breakpoints are BPi_L <BPi_R). In such a setting, when the controller is operated, Llim <Rl
Localize in the opposite direction to im. This setting is effective when the controller is set to LFO or EG. That is, it is possible to reverse the sound image localization position when the keyboard is pressed and sound generation is started. That is, the same effect as shifting the initial phase of LFO or EG by 180 degrees can be obtained by a simple operation.

In this embodiment, when the left and right limit values Llim and Rlim are set to 0 and 1, respectively, the preset sound image moving range is realized as it is, and Llim and Rlim are set to 0.
When the value is set to １1, the preset sound image moving range is narrowed. Therefore, in order to move the sound image widely according to the settings of Llim and Rlim, the preset sound image moving range must be set wide in advance. Therefore, the calculation method may be changed so as to exceed the preset sound image moving range. The sound image localization unit 3 localizes the sound image by controlling only the sound volume. However, the sound image localization unit 3 is not limited to this, and the sound image may be localized by controlling a delay unit or a phase. In the embodiment, the number of breakpoints is four, but the number is not limited to four and may be four or more.
Further, left and right limit localization positions may be preset for each key.

[0034]

As described above, in the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, a plurality of parameters can be collectively corrected by a simple operation without operating a plurality of complicated parameters. The desired effect can be obtained quickly. It also makes it easier to find new effects. In addition, since parameters for each pitch are calculated and stored at the time of correction, quick processing can be performed without imposing a load on the control unit during performance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing details of a sound image localization unit 3 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a screen displayed on a display 7 and a part of controls on a panel 6;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a setting example of sound image localization.

FIG. 5 is an example of setting a breakpoint relating to sound image localization.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the setting example of FIG. 5 in an easy-to-understand manner.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating conversion characteristics of a conversion table 24 illustrated in FIG. 2;

8 to 10 are flowcharts illustrating the operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 11 illustrates a modified panning key scaling breakpoint.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a MAX value and a MIN value over all keys after correction.

FIG. 13 shows MAX and MIN values stored in the RAM 9 over all keys after correction.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: control unit, 2: sound source, 3: sound image localization unit, 4: DAC
(Digital-analog converter), 5: SS (sound system), 6: panel, 7: display, 8:
Keyboard, 9: RAM (random-access-memory), 1
0: ROM (read only memory), 20, 21: multiplier, 22, 23: adder, 24: conversion table, 2
5: Register

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-62-183494 (JP, A) JP-A-6-35452 (JP, A) JP-A-2-189591 (JP, A) JP-A-63-183 136091 (JP, A) JP-A-3-200291 (JP, A) JP-A-5-249967 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G10H 1/00-1 / 46

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] An electronic musical instrument for controlling characteristics of a musical tone to be generated based on a musical tone control parameter, wherein a first parameter and a second parameter for defining a settable range of a value of the musical tone control parameter are set to the tone of the musical tone. Parameter setting means for setting the pitch independently of each other, pitch information generating means for generating pitch information indicating the pitch of a musical tone to be generated, and based on the pitch information and the input operation amount information. Said
Set to a value within the value settable range defined by the first parameter and the second parameter corresponding to pitch information
And it generates the musical tone control parameters, based on the magnitude relation of the first parameter and the second parameter
An electronic musical instrument comprising: a parameter generation control unit that sets the direction of increase or decrease of the value of the musical tone control parameter in the same direction as or in the opposite direction to the direction of increase or decrease of the operation amount. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the musical tone control parameter is a sound image localization parameter, and further comprising sound image localization means for controlling a sound image localization position by the sound image localization parameter. 3. An input means for inputting the first parameter and the second parameter corresponding to a specific pitch, and the first parameter and the second parameter corresponding to the input specific pitch Interpolation processing based on
The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising: an interpolation parameter generation unit configured to generate a first parameter and a second parameter corresponding to a pitch other than the specific pitch. 4. The first parameter corresponding to the specific pitch.
Meter and the second parameter and the interpolation parameter
Other than the specific pitch generated by the data generating means.
Parameter storage means for storing a first parameter and a second parameter corresponding to a pitch , wherein the value of the musical tone control parameter is set to the value based on the operation amount information input in real time and the storage content of the parameter storage means 4. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3, wherein the change is performed in real time within a settable range.