JP3190473B2 - Music control device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tone control capable of performing key scaling with extremely high fidelity to a tone.
Related to the device .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art "Key scaling" is a technique for correcting the volume, tone, etc. of a generated musical tone in accordance with the pitch or range of a pressed key. In general, the human hearing, even with the same sound volume level, towards the treble than the bass tend to feel as volume is large. Therefore,
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the volume and the like of an electronic musical instrument have been controlled by key scaling in order to make the volume of a generated musical tone feel the same level from a low pitch to a high pitch (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-8558).

In the above technique, for example, an envelope signal is generated based on a key depressing speed on a keyboard, and the volume level is increased by multiplying the envelope signal by a coefficient (key scaling coefficient) whose value changes according to the pitch. Had been decided.

[0004]

However, when trying to simulate the behavior of a natural musical instrument with an electronic musical instrument, it has been found that the above-described key scaling is not sufficient. For example, assuming a case where a key of an acoustic piano is depressed with a very weak force, a very weak sound is produced in a middle range, but is not produced at all in a high range. That is, it is understood that it is necessary to depress the key with a certain level of force in the high tone range.

On the other hand, when sound is produced in the high range of the acoustic piano, at least a certain volume is guaranteed. Thus, the behavior of the natural musical instrument is non-linear, and it is difficult to simulate by simply multiplying the key pressing speed by the key scaling coefficient.

[0006] In recent years, a so-called physical model sound source that generates a musical tone by simulating the physical behavior of a natural musical instrument has been put to practical use. In this physical model sound source, the above-mentioned speed signal is used as an excitation signal. However, in order to obtain a stable oscillation state in the sound source, it is necessary to process the excitation signal level in advance in a non-linear manner.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a tone control device capable of performing key scaling with extremely high flexibility on a tone .

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control signal generating means for outputting a tone characteristic control signal, and converting the control signal into control data in a predetermined conversion range. Conversion means for converting the control signal
The third and third values of the control data correspond to the first and second values.
And the fourth value are set in association with each other, and the control signal
Signal from the first value to the second value or from the second value to the first value
The control data from the third value to the fourth
Or from the fourth value to the third value, respectively.
Referring to the association with respect to the control signal
Calculating the control data by interpolation ; pitch information generating means for generating pitch information indicating an arbitrary pitch; and the third and fourth means in the converting means based on the pitch information .
Control means for controlling the value changes, the third and
The fourth magnitude relation can be reversed according to the pitch information.
It is characterized by comprising the stuff. The invention of claim 2, wherein the Te musical tone control apparatus odor <br/> of claim 1, wherein the control means, for a predetermined plurality of tone pitch, the
Storage means for storing the third and fourth values , and the third and fourth values for a plurality of predetermined pitches stored in the storage means .
The third and fourth values of the pitch indicated by the pitch information generated by the pitch information generating means based on the third value and the fourth value .
Calculating means for calculating a fourth value, calculated by the calculating means
The third and fourth values are converted by the conversion means into
Changing means for changing the setting as the third and fourth values . Further, the invention according to claim 3
Is a musical tone control device according to claim 1 or 2.
The conversion means may determine whether the control signal has a first value and a second value.
A third of said control data for one or more values between the values
And one or more values between the fourth value and the fourth value
Is set, and the control signal is
Calculating the control data by interpolation.
ing.

[0009]

When the control signal is output from the control signal generating means, the control signal is changed from the first value to the second value or the second value.
Control by the conversion means when the value changes from
If the data is from the third value to the fourth value or from the fourth value to the
3 are converted so as to change to the respective values. Further, pitch information indicating an arbitrary pitch is generated from the pitch information generating means. On the basis of the pitch information, the third and fourth values are large.
The change relation is controlled so that the small relation can be reversed .

[0010]

Embodiment A. First embodiment A-1. Configuration of the First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a keyboard, on which a plurality of keys to be played by a player are provided, and operation information for these keys is output via a keyboard interface 11 and a bus 5. The operation information includes a key-on pulse KON indicating a key press, a key-off pulse KOFF indicating a key release, and a key code KC indicating a pitch similarly to the keyboard of a normal electronic musical instrument.
And touch information IT indicating a key pressing speed.

Next, 2 is a central processing unit (CPU),
It is configured to control other components based on a processing program set in a read only memory (ROM) 3. In addition to the control program, the ROM 3
Various data and tables used in the processing are also stored. 4 is a read / write memory (R
AM) and can be read / written freely under the control of the CPU 2. An operation panel 6 is provided with various controls, a modulation wheel, a pedal, a volume, a switch, and the like (not shown). The control panel 6 is connected to the CPU 2 via the control panel interface 16 and the bus 5. To supply various data.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a display, which is a CP via the bus 5 and the display interface 17.
Various information is supplied from U2, and the supplied information is displayed. Reference numeral 8 denotes a tone synthesis circuit which generates and outputs a tone signal based on performance information supplied from the CPU 2. Reference numeral 9 denotes a sound system, which amplifies and emits a tone signal supplied from the tone synthesis circuit 8.

A-2. Overall operation of the operation example of the embodiment will now be described the overall operation of this embodiment with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of software and data stored in the ROM 3, the RAM 4, and the like. Each block shown in FIG. 2 mainly represents software functions and data contents.

In the figure, reference numeral 20 denotes an envelope generator section which, when any key is depressed on the keyboard 1, generates an envelope signal for controlling the characteristics such as the tone color, pitch and effect of a musical tone over time. appear. Reference numeral 21 denotes an operator simulation unit that outputs a fixed numerical value based on an operation of the volume of the operation panel 6 and displays an image of the operator and an operation amount on the display 7. Reference numeral 30 denotes a touch detection unit which, when any key is pressed on the keyboard 1, detects a key pressing speed of the key and generates touch information IT.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a modulation wheel detection unit which outputs an operation amount of a modulation wheel (not shown) provided on the operation panel 6 as numerical data. Reference numeral 23 denotes a pedal detection unit which outputs an operation amount of a pedal provided on the operation panel 6 as numerical data. Reference numeral 24 denotes a low-frequency oscillating unit that generates a low-frequency signal having a waveform and a frequency designated via the operation panel 6.

Reference numeral 28 denotes a switch unit, which is a modulation wheel detecting unit 22 and a pedal detecting unit 23.
And one of the output signals of the low-frequency oscillator 24 is selected and output. Reference numeral 25 denotes a selectable characteristic table, which performs predetermined conversion on a signal output via the switch 28 and outputs the result. In the selectable characteristic table 25, a plurality of conversion characteristics are stored, and any one of the characteristics can be selected.

A switch section 29 selects and outputs one of the output signals of the envelope generator section 20, the operation section simulation section 21, the touch detection section 30, and the selectable characteristic table 25. I do. Then, the signal selected by the switch unit 29 is supplied to the arithmetic unit 27 as an original signal OD (control signal) . Next, a key scaling data generator 26 supplies key scaling data corresponding to the key code to the calculator 27 when the key code is supplied.

Next, the arithmetic section 27 performs key scaling based on the supplied key scaling data on the original signal supplied via the switch section 29, and outputs the result to a key scaling signal KSOUT (control data).
Output ) . Next, this key scaling signal
When KSOUT is supplied to the tone synthesizing circuit 8 (see FIG. 1) via the bus 5, parameters for controlling characteristics such as volume, tone, pitch, and effect of the tone signal synthesized by the tone synthesizing circuit are changed. It is changed or modified based on the key scaling signal KSOUT. Here, the type of the parameter controlled by the key scaling signal KSOUT can be arbitrarily selected by the user according to the operation of the operation panel 6.

Next, the overall operation of the above-described embodiment will be described in chronological order with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, when the power of the electronic musical instrument is turned on, the process proceeds to step SP1, and a predetermined initialization is performed.
Next, when the process proceeds to step SP2, a key process is performed. That is, the presence or absence of a key event on the keyboard 1 is determined via the keyboard interface 11, and when a new key is pressed, a key code and a key-on signal of the key are transmitted to the tone synthesis circuit 8 to synthesize a tone signal. Is indicated. On the other hand, if there is a new key release, a key-off signal is sent to the tone synthesis circuit 8 to instruct mute.

Next, when the process proceeds to step SP3, the key scaling corresponding to the key code is calculated in the key scaling data generating section 26 (the details will be described later). Then, the calculation result is supplied to the calculation unit 27, and the original signal is supplied to the calculation unit 27 via the switch unit 29. In the arithmetic section 27, key scaling based on key scaling data is performed on the original signal, and the result is converted to a key scaling signal KSOUT.
Is output as

Next, when the process proceeds to step SP4, the key scaling signal KSOUT is used as the tone synthesis circuit as a parameter set on the operation panel 6 among various tone parameters relating to the volume, tone color, tone color, effect, etc. of the tone. 8
Supplied to As a result, the tone synthesizing circuit 8 synthesizes a tone signal having a volume, timbre, timbre or effect based on the key scaling signal KSOUT. Next, when the process proceeds to step SP5, various processes such as editing of a key scaling parameter by a player are performed. Thereafter, the processing of steps SP1 to SP5 is repeated.

Details of Key Scaling Calculation Next, details of the key scaling calculation processing (SP3) in the processing of the main routine will be described. First, when the process proceeds to step SP3 in the main routine,
The key scaling processing subroutine shown in FIG. In this subroutine, the process is step S
Proceeding to PA1, the envelope generator section 20,
The original signal selected by the switch unit 29 among the output signals of the operator simulation unit 21, the touch detection unit 30, and the selectable characteristic table 25 is substituted for the variable OD. Here, the original signal OD has a minimum value (first value) of “0” and a maximum value (second value) of “127”.

Next, when the processing proceeds to step SPA2,
The key code of the key pressed on the keyboard 1 is set in the variable KC. Next, when the process proceeds to step SPA3,
The maximum key scaling amount I for the key code KC
MAX (fourth value) is obtained. Here, the details will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3A, the symbol ▽
And △ indicate the maximum key scaling amount and the minimum key scaling amount stored in the ROM 3 or the RAM 4, respectively.

That is, these values are not stored corresponding to all the key codes, but only the amounts corresponding to the key codes "C2", "C4" and "A5". If the key code KC is other than these codes, the maximum key scaling amount IM
AX is obtained by linear interpolation. For example, in the illustrated example, the key code KC is the key code “C2”,
Since it is set between “C4”, the key code “C4”
By performing linear interpolation on the maximum key scaling amount in “2” and “C4”, the maximum key scaling amount IMAX in the key code KC is obtained.

In the illustrated example, the key code K
When C is equal to or smaller than "C2" or equal to or larger than "A5", the maximum key scaling amount IMAX is set to the same value as the value in the key code "C2" or "A5". Next, when the process proceeds to step SPA4, the minimum key scaling amount IMIN for the key code KC is set.
(Third value) is similarly obtained by linear interpolation.

The maximum key scaling amount IMAX and the minimum key scaling amount IMIN referred to in this specification.
Does not indicate the maximum / minimum value of the key scaling amount itself, but means the key scaling amount corresponding to the maximum / minimum value of the original signal OD. Therefore, for example, FIG.
, The minimum key scaling amount IMIN may be larger than the maximum key scaling amount IMAX.

Next, when the processing proceeds to step SPA5,
The key scaling signal KSOUT is obtained by the following equation (1). KSOUT = IMIN + (IMAX-IMIN) .OD / 127 (1) Thereby, the original signal OD having a value of "0" to "127" is converted into a key scaling signal KSOUT having a value of IMIN to IMAX. Is done. Then, when the process proceeds to step SPA6, the obtained key scaling signal KS is obtained.
OUT is output from the arithmetic unit 27 (see FIG. 2), and the process returns to the main routine.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the minimum key scaling amount IMIN and the maximum key scaling amount IMAX can be set according to the key code KC. Can be applied. For example, when simulating an acoustic piano, the minimum key scaling amount IMIN of the treble portion (the key code "A5" in the above embodiment) is set higher than that of the middle and low tone portions. This is preferable.

When the key scaling signal KSOUT is used as an excitation signal in the physical model sound source, the key scaling signal KSOUT is set so that a stable oscillation state can be obtained according to the performance of the physical model sound source.
It is possible to set the level of OUT.

When the key scaling signal KSOUT is the amount of a special effect such as vibrato, as shown in FIG.
By inverting the magnitude relationship between AX and the minimum key scaling amount IMIN, an interesting musical sound can be obtained.

B. Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The hardware configuration in the second embodiment and the software configuration related to the main routine are the same as those in the first embodiment. However,
Since the key scaling processing subroutine in the second embodiment is set as shown in FIG. 5, this will be described in detail.

When the process is started in FIG. 5, in step SPB1, the original signal is substituted for the variable OD.
Next, when the process proceeds to step SPB2 , the key code of the key pressed on the keyboard 1 is substituted for the variable KC.

Next, when the process proceeds to step SPB3,
It is determined whether or not the level of original signal OD is greater than “63”. That is, since the minimum value of the original signal OD is “0” and the maximum value is “127”, in this step, it is determined whether or not the original signal OD is larger than an intermediate value between the two. . Here, the reason for making such a determination in step SPB3 will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 3 (c), the symbols ▽ and 、 respectively represent the ROM 3 (or the RAM 4) as in the first embodiment.
Indicates the maximum key scaling amount and the minimum key scaling amount stored in. Further, in the present embodiment, the intermediate key scaling amount (first control signal
One or more values between the value and the second value) correspond to the key codes “C2”, “C4” and “A5” in the ROM 3.
(Or RAM 4). This intermediate key scaling amount indicates the level of the key scaling signal KSOUT corresponding to the original signal OD of level “63”.

Then, the level of the original signal OD is "0"-
If “63”, the minimum key scaling amount IMI
While the linear interpolation is performed based on N and the intermediate key scaling amount IMID, the level of the original signal OD is "64" to
If “127”, the intermediate key scaling amount IM
Linear interpolation is performed based on the ID and the maximum key scaling amount IMAX, and thereby the key scaling signal KS
OUT level is required.

Hereinafter, the details will be described with reference to FIG. 5 again. If “YES” is determined in step SPB3, the process proceeds to step SPB4, in which the key code K of the maximum key scaling amount stored in the ROM 3 or the like is set.
The maximum key scaling amount IMAX for the key code KC is obtained by linear interpolation based on the key code close to C, as in step SPA3 in the first embodiment (see FIG. 4B).

Next, when the processing proceeds to step SPB5,
The intermediate key scaling amount IMID for the key code KC is obtained by the same linear interpolation based on the intermediate key scaling amount stored in the ROM 3. Next, when the processing proceeds to step SPB6, the key scaling signal KSOUT is obtained by the following equation (2). KSOUT = IMID + (IMAX-IMID) ・ (OD-63) / 64 …… (2)

Thus, the original signal OD having a value of "64" to "127" is converted into a key scaling signal KSOUT having a value of IMAX to IMID. And
When the process proceeds to step SPB10, the calculated key scaling signal KSOUT is output from the operation unit 27, and the process returns to the main routine.

On the other hand, "NO" in step SPB3
Is determined, the processing of steps SPB7 to SPB10 is performed. That is, the same processing as step SPB4 is performed via step SPB7, and step SPB8
The intermediate key scaling amount IMID is obtained through
After the key scaling signal KSOUT is obtained by the following equation (3) through step SPB9, the key scaling signal KSOUT is output. KSOUT = IMIN + (IMID-IMIN) OD / 63 …… (3)

As described above, in this embodiment, since the intermediate key scaling amount IMID is used together with the maximum key scaling amount IMAX and the minimum key scaling amount IMIN, it is possible to perform key scaling with a higher degree of freedom on the musical tone. It is.

For example, needless to say, when the intermediate key scaling amount IMIN is set to the average value of the minimum key scaling amount IMIN and the maximum key scaling amount IMAX, the key scaling similar to that of the first embodiment becomes a musical tone. Will be applied. Further, when simulating a natural musical instrument in which the state becomes unstable and the sound is hardly produced when the volume is low, it is preferable to make the intermediate key scaling amount IMIN close to the minimum key scaling amount IMIN.

When the key scaling signal KSOUT indicates the amount of the special effect, the amount of the special effect can be controlled by the strength of the key depression on the keyboard 1. For example, if the minimum key scaling amount IMIN and the intermediate key scaling amount IMID are set to “0” and the maximum key scaling amount IMAX is set to a predetermined value equal to or greater than “1”, when the key is weakly pressed, It is possible to apply no special effect to the musical sound and to apply an effect corresponding to the strength to the musical sound when the key is strongly pressed.

Incidentally, such control is particularly suitable for use in special effects such as vibrato. For example, according to observations by the present inventors, it has been found that when a vibrato is applied to a musical tone in a state of playing various natural musical instruments, the volume is often medium. This is presumably because the state of the instrument is not stable when the volume is low, and the musical tone becomes too flashy when the volume is high.

When simulating such a performance state with an electronic musical instrument, the minimum key scaling amount IMIN and the maximum key scaling amount IMAX may be made small, and the intermediate key scaling amount IMID may be made large.

C. Modifications The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made as follows, for example. In the first embodiment, the key code KC is "C2"
When the value is lower and higher than “A5”, the key scaling amount is constant regardless of the key code KC. In this case, however, the key scaling amount may be obtained by interpolation.

In each of the above embodiments, the maximum key scaling amount IMAX and the like for an arbitrary key code KC are obtained by linear interpolation. However, the method of obtaining these is not limited to linear interpolation, and may be obtained by curve interpolation. .

Similarly, in each of the above embodiments, the key scaling signal KSOUT is obtained by using linear interpolation based on an arbitrary level of the original signal OD. However, even when the key scaling signal KSOUT is obtained, curve interpolation is performed. May be used.

In the second embodiment, one intermediate key scaling amount IMID is set for an arbitrary key code KC.
Is set, but a plurality of intermediate key scaling amounts IMID (control
One or more values between the first value and the second value of the signal) may be set.

In the second embodiment, the intermediate key scaling amount IMID is set in the range of variation "0" of the original signal OD.
Although set corresponding to the intermediate value “63” of “127”, the level of the original signal OD corresponding to the intermediate key scaling amount IMID is not limited to “63” and may be set arbitrarily. .

In each of the above embodiments, the maximum value “127” is used as the first level and the minimum value “0” is used as the second level. However, the first and second levels are set to the maximum value and the minimum value. Not limited. Also, regarding the key code relating to the key scaling amount stored in the ROM 3 or the like,
It may be changed as appropriate according to the type of musical sound.

[0051]

As described above, the musical tone control device of the present invention
According to the arrangement , the control signal is from the first value to the second value or
When the value changes from the second value to the first value, the conversion means
And the control data is changed from the third value to the fourth value or the fourth value.
From the value to the third value .
Key scaling characteristics can be set according to the pitch, and key scaling with an extremely high degree of freedom can be performed on musical sounds. In particular, both the upper limit and the lower limit can be changed , and the magnitude relationship between the third and fourth values can be reversed.
Since the change control is performed such that the conversion range of the control signal can be set freely, the conversion range can be optimized according to the pitch.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an operation explanatory diagram of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of the first and second embodiments.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a main part of the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 keyboard (control signal generating means, pitch information generating means) 2 central processing unit (converting means, controlling means, calculating means,
Modification means) 3 ROM (storage means) 4 RAM (storage means) 22 Modulation wheel detector (control signal generation
Means 23 Pedal detection unit (control signal generation unit) 24 Low frequency oscillation unit (control signal generation unit) 20 Envelope generator unit (control signal generation unit)
Stage) 21 Operator simulation unit (control signal generation unit) 30 Touch detection unit (control signal generation unit)

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yasuyuki Umeyama 10-1 Nakazawacho, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture Inside Yamaha Corporation (56) References JP-A-62-71995 (JP, A) 598 (JP, A) JP-A-59-123886 (JP, A) JP-A-55-42896 (JP, U) JP-A-2-71895 (JP, U) JP-A-63-199298 (JP, U) JP-B4-38352 (JP, B2) JP-B-56-51359 (JP, B2) Jiko-58-55430 (JP, Y2)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A control signal generating means for outputting a control signal of a musical tone characteristic, and a converting means for converting the control signal into control data in a predetermined conversion range , wherein the control signal includes first and second values of the control signal. To
And the third and fourth values of the control data correspond to each other.
And the control signal is changed from the first value to the second value.
Changes from the second value or the second value to the first value.
The control data from the third value to the fourth value or the fourth value
To the third value.
Control data for the control signal by interpolation.
And it shall be calculated Ri, and pitch information generating means for generating pitch information indicating an arbitrary pitch, and the third contact in the conversion means on the basis of the sound pitch information
And control means for changing and controlling the fourth value and the fourth value .
The third and fourth magnitude relations can be reversed according to the pitch information.
Tone control instrumentation, characterized by comprising as those Noh
Place . 2. The storage device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit stores the third and fourth values for a plurality of predetermined pitches, and stores the third and fourth values for the plurality of pitches stored in the storage unit .
On the basis of the third and fourth values , the pitch information indicated by the pitch information generated by the pitch information generating means is referred to as the third pitch .
And 3 and calculation means for calculating a fourth value, said third and fourth value calculated by the calculation means before
And a changing means for changing the setting as the third and fourth values in the converting means.
A musical tone control device as described. 3. The conversion means according to claim 1, wherein
The control data for one or more values between the second value and the second value.
One or more values between the third and fourth values of the data
The control is performed by referring to the association.
Calculating the control data for the signal by interpolation
The tone control device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: